The New York Times - 31.08.2026.pdf

纽约时报

今日，潮湿，晴，多云，下午有雨，最高气温 80。今晚，多云，潮湿，有阵雨，最低气温 70。明日，多云，有风暴，最高气温 84。天气图见 D8 页。

2026年8月31日，星期一

加拿大价格可能更高

第 CLXXV 卷 .... 第 60,993 号

$4.00

美国法院可靠地助力特朗普之目标

司法部将案件提交至德州法官

作者：扎克·蒙塔古（ZACH MONTAGUE）和马塔提亚斯·施瓦茨（MATTATHIAS SCHWARTZ） © 2026 纽约时报公司

特朗普总统领导的司法部遇到了一个问题。一名又一名法官拒绝了其要求全国各医院移交儿童跨性别护理内部记录的请求。

截至4月底，波士顿、费城、匹兹堡、洛杉矶和西雅图的联邦法官要么撤销，要么大幅削减了政府要求医院向联邦政府发送患者记录的请求。

但政府并未放弃。相反，它在4月份前往德克萨斯州北区联邦地区法院的沃思堡法院，在那里，几乎所有案件都直接交给该区的首席法官里德·奥康纳（Reed O'Connor），或者由特朗普先生任命的第二位法官马克·T·皮特曼（Mark T. Pittman）审理。

德克萨斯州没有提供涉事跨性别护理的医院——德州州议员在2023.禁止在德州为未成年人提供性别肯定医疗。但司法部请求德州法院强制执行一份针对罗德岛医院的传票，理由是其针对此类医疗护理的全国性调查“正在德克萨斯州北区开展”。

对于奥康纳法官来说，这已经足够了。他是乔治·W·布什总统任命的法官，以保守派中坚之名著称，并于去年8月成为该区的首席法官。

他批准了该动议，为医院移交各种个人数据扫清了障碍，其中包括接受过治疗的未成年人的姓名和社会安全号码。

“传票的要求是合理的，”他写道。

美国绝大多数的94个地区法院在所有法官之间随机分配案件。

奥康纳法官所在的北德克萨斯地区则采取自己的方式。它根据起诉最初提交的区内法院将案件分配给法官。一些法院仅配备一两名法官，这意味着诉讼当事人可以轻易地进行“挑选法官”——在特定的法院提起诉讼，并能确定或近乎确定由哪位法官做出裁决。

在北德克萨斯州的七个法院中，有四个法院的所有案件均由一名特朗普先生任命的法官审理。在第五个法院，所有案件都交给奥康纳法官。在第六个——沃思堡——90%的案件量由奥康纳法官和皮特曼法官分担。

在该区的九名现任法官中，有八名由共和党总统任命——其中六名由特朗普先生任命。美国境内还有其他地区

续接 A13 页

美国移民海关执法局（ICE）扩大关注范围至无犯罪记录人员 移民逮捕人数激增，其中包括美国公民的配偶、合法入境并寻求庇护的人员，以及其他持有临时合法身份的人员。第 A12 页。

注：图表显示了 ICE 逮捕的人员中，该机构记录为有前科、被刑事起诉或两者皆无的人数。暴力犯罪是根据国家犯罪信息中心的类别确定的。 7月逮捕人数在南部边境最高

注：地图显示了按州和领地划分的逮捕情况，以及加利福尼亚州、纽约州和德克萨斯州 ICE 现场办公室的情况（这些地区有更详细的数据）。

当地合作伙伴承担了越来越多的 ICE 逮捕工作

今年夏天被 ICE 拘留的人数再次回升

阿尔伯特·孙（ALBERT SUN）和艾莉森·麦肯（ALLISON McCANN） / 纽约时报

在西班牙，晚上10点曾是晚餐时间。而现在，对许多人来说，那是就寝时间。

作者：乔纳森·沃尔夫（JONATHAN WOLFE）

马德里——对于特拉萨斯（Terrazas）一家以及西班牙许多家庭来说，几代人的晚餐时间都很晚。通常在晚上10点之后开始，且经常延续到午夜之后。

但现在，马德里的税务顾问安东尼奥·特拉萨斯（Antonio Terrazas）表示，他的家人大约在晚上9点就坐下来用餐。当他们在外面就餐时，时间也提前了，并且注意到他们的朋友也是如此。

“起初这很奇怪。我们会面面相觑，心想：‘我的天（Madre mía），谁能相信我们会在9点就坐在餐厅里吃饭？’”特拉萨斯先生说，“但现在不再奇怪了。”

西班牙以其“夜猫子”般的活力而闻名，而一场悄然的革命似乎正在其最著名的文化传统之一中展开：深夜晚餐。

长期以来，西班牙人的用餐时间比欧洲其他地区的人更晚，许多人将这一传统视为国家认同的一部分。按照习俗，家庭成员在深夜聚集在餐桌旁，而当工业化世界的许多地区已经入睡时，这里的餐厅依然座无虚席。

即便专家们在争论这种习惯是否拖累了经济，导致劳动力更加疲惫且生产力下降，西班牙依然坚持这一做法。

打破传统，现在西班牙的餐厅预约时间通常在9点，或者（令人惊讶地）在8点。

被遣返非洲者讲述枷锁与痛苦

10名被拘留者称曾经历或目睹美国移民海关执法局（ICE）特工的虐待行为

本文由 Emmanuel Akinwotu, Pranav Baskar, Genevieve Glatsky 和 Hamed Aleaziz 撰写。

利比里亚，马歇尔 —— 莱昂纳多·桑切斯（Leonardo Sánchez）在从路易斯安那州飞往西非的遣返航班上痛苦地哀嚎了数小时，他和其他六名被拘留者如此说道。

他的手腕和脚踝都被戴上了手铐。腰间的锁链深深地陷入他异常凸出的腹部 —— 这是数年前伤口和手术导致的结果，医生称他的肠道几乎完全处于体外。

桑切斯先生是一名49岁的古巴人，他向飞机上的几名美国移民海关执法局（ICE）特工请求医疗救助。

“我当时很痛苦，像个小孩子一样哭泣，”他说。但据他和其他被拘留者称，特工们拒绝解开他的锁链，也不允许他使用厕所。他尿在了裤子里。

与同机两打多名被遣返者一样，桑切斯先生说他不知道自己被带到了哪里。在一名被遣返者看到一名路易斯安那州的 ICE 官员手中拿着写有“利比里亚”字样的纸条后，数人因怀疑目的地是利比里亚而陷入恐慌。

五名被遣返者表示，当部分人员抗议时，他们遭到了特工的殴打。数人称，有些人被猛力摔在地上或遭到击打。一人展示了手腕上的割伤和脖子周围的淤青，他说这是在反抗登机时受的伤。另一人则说，一些被遣返者被留在原地痛苦地尖叫。

这架抵达利比里亚的遣返飞机载有首批被遣返者，预计在未来一年内，美国将有 1,200 人被送往这个西非国家。这一安排是特朗普政府达成的一系列日益增多的协议中规模最大的一项。根据这些协议，被遣返者 —— 包括那些持有法院命令保护其免于被遣返回原籍国的人员 —— 被送往地球另一端与他们毫无联系的国家。

一名美国官员表示，最近几周，白宫一直在推动扩大这些所谓的“第三国遣返”工作，并增加从美国驱逐的人数。另一名官员补充说，上个月，ICE 的逮捕人数激增至近 50,000 人，且政府重点遣返那些凭借法院保护令在美停留数年的人员。

《纽约时报》采访了飞往利比里亚航班上的 10 名被遣返者，所有人都描述了一段极其艰辛的旅程，包括在美国被拘留数月，以及一次充满恐慌的 14 小时非洲驱逐之旅，期间特工们与惊恐的被拘留者搏斗并给他们戴上枷锁。

其中数人因担心遭到报复而要求匿名。所有人都表示，他们经历或目睹了他们所描述的由

接 A8 页

47个州如何就青少年安全问题将 Meta 逼入绝境

作者：CECILIA KANG 和 ELI TAN

华盛顿 —— 在一场关于在线儿童安全的联邦审判开始前六天，Meta 的首席法律官 C.J. Mahoney 于 8 月 6 日前往纳什维尔，与约十几个州的律师会面。两名知情人士表示，他希望促成一项巨额和解。

今年， 已经在多起指控其创建成瘾性产品并损害年轻用户的诉讼中败诉。在其中一场审判中，马克·扎克伯格在证人席上承受了整整一天的严厉质询。（他不断重复道：“你这是在歪曲事实。”）在加利福尼亚州的一场联邦审判中，他很可能再次被质询；在那场诉讼中，一个州政府联盟起诉了 ，认为该公司导致了全国性的儿童心理健康危机。

在田纳西州国会大厦园区内的一间装饰艺术风格办公室里，Mahoney 先生一边吃贝果喝咖啡，一边提出了他的条件。据四名熟悉谈判的人士透露，这些条件已由扎克伯格先生亲自批准。 将向各州支付最高 190 亿美元，并对其平台进行更改以提高青少年安全性。部分款项将被扣留，除非所有州都加入且其他社交媒体公司也达成和解。

对于在场的各州总检察长来说，这个提议非常诱人。知情人士表示，他们与这家硅谷巨头已经谈判了数月，但几乎没有进展。周二，47 个州（有两个州退出了诉讼）以及哥伦比亚特区和几个领地同意了一项价值约 170 亿美元的和解协议。

“田纳西州这里有一句话，”乔纳森·斯克雷梅蒂（Jonathan Skrmetti）说道，这位

（接 A11 页）

德国寻求限制极右翼势力

作者：CHRISTOPHER F. SCHUETZE 和 JIM TANKERSLEY

柏林 —— 德国各级政府领导人正公开且私下地探索各种方法，以在 9 月 6 日的选举中，如果极右翼的德国选择党（AfD）赢得州政府控制权时，能够遏制其权力。

高级官员在采访和声明中详细阐述了这些努力，其中包括尝试在 AfD 赢得州级情报部门控制权的情况下，限制与这些部门常规共享某些机密信息。此外，还涉及一些针对政策问题的较轻微措施。这些规划在一定程度上是出于担忧，担心 官员可能会将国家秘密泄露给俄罗斯，该党与俄罗斯保持着密切关系。

在 9 月 6 日德国东部萨克森-安哈尔特州的选举中， 有望获得最高票数。如果它获得足够的席位以独立组建执政联盟，它将成为二战以来在德国执政的第一个极右翼政党。

执政一个州通常会赋予一个政党接触国家秘密的权限，包括情报和安全方面的信息。

许多寻求遏制 权力的官员将其视为对德国民主和国家安全的威胁，并表示他们的计划对于维护国家安全至关重要。民主保护在德国是一个尤为敏感的问题，因为德国在二战后设计其制度，就是为了防止像纳粹这样的极端政党再次掌权。

的竞争对手政党认为它过于极端。德国没有其他主要政党愿意与其合作组建州级或国家级政府，这种共识是

（接 A7 页）

国家 A9-13, 16

邮寄选票面临威胁 如果邮政局被允许对邮寄投票实施限制，该规定可能会影响关键选区的竞争。A16 页

世界的“沙拉碗”正在枯萎 在环孢子囊霉病爆发导致生菜需求下降后，加利福尼亚州的种植者正在对作物进行覆盖处理。A9 页

国际 A4-8

民主社会主义者巡演 美国进步派候选人的成功，正激励着在经历一系列地区性失败后苦苦挣扎的拉丁美洲左翼人士。A4 页

美国袭击伊朗岛屿 此次袭击是一个月来的首次，似乎规模有限，而非恢复大规模轰炸。A6 页

讣告 B7-8

一位歌手与一个顽童 杰伊·P·摩根（Jaye P. Morgan）在 20 世纪 50 年代的排行榜上引起轰动，并成为了一个大胆的游戏节目常客。她享年 94 岁。B8 页

商业 B1-6

打造印度的梦想之城 安得拉邦首席部长构想了一座全新的世界级首都，并正带领 25,000 名工人将其建设起来。B1 页

新的石油合作伙伴 特朗普总统的委内瑞拉石油交易依赖于一位具有影响力且充满争议的商人，其家族公司与政府有联系。B1 页

畜牧业中难以捉摸的威胁 在西南部用于追踪螺旋蝇（对牛具有致命性）的陷阱目前空空如也。这是好消息还是坏消息？B1 页

艺术 C1-6

愤世嫉俗时代的爱情 英国浪漫喜剧《寻找艾米莉》（Finding Emily）讽刺了一系列典型的 Z 世代行为。C1 页

应对非虚构犯罪 小说家迈克尔·康奈利（Michael Connelly）表示，zodiac 杀手还应对另一宗著名的未解之案负责。C1 页

体育 D1-8

运动员如何看待激进主义 在科林·卡佩尼克（Colin Kaepernick）做出大胆举动十年后，这位前 NFL 四分卫在处理方式上依然独树一帜。D1 页

美网公开赛前的紧张气氛 对球迷免费开放的资格赛，代表了参赛者对经济生存的追求。D2 页

观点 A14-15

林赛·史密斯·泰利（Lindsey Smith Taillie）

A15 页

走进时报

作者：梅丽莎·基尔施 (MELISSA KIRSCH)

在恐怖喜剧剧集《寡妇湾》(Widow’s Bay) 中，那个被诅咒的岛镇如此偏远，以至于没有 Wi-Fi，手机信号也极不稳定。这意味着居民们只能依靠座机和对讲机进行沟通。这些限制不仅增加了阴森的孤立感，还省去了在屏幕上呈现智能手机使用情况这一现代挑战。当市长汤姆·洛夫蒂斯 (Tom Loftis) 想与某人交谈时，他必须使用办公室里的多线电话或固定在厨房墙上的拨盘式电话。

《纽约时报》(ISSN 0362-4331) 日刊。邮资已在纽约州纽约市及其他邮寄办事处支付。邮政局长：地址变更请发送至 The New York Times, 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10018-1405。

对过时技术的怀旧是苦乐参半的：我们无法想象没有现代便利的生活，但以前的一切要简单得多！我们对世界的认知更新得很慢。我们约定 6 点在餐厅见面，如果你迟到了，无法在最后一刻更改地点或调整时间。我们决定好从 A 点开车到 B 点的路线，没有 GPS 能在几秒钟内因前方的交通堵塞而将其更改。没有来自朋友的实时更新，没有冲动地在 Google 上搜索某种洗发水的名称或明天的天气，也没有询问 Claude。我们的大脑中存储着一定量的知识，如果不投入时间和精力，就无法增加这些知识。

在最近发表于《纽约时报》的一篇文章中，凯拉·博洛尼克 (Kera Bolonik) 写到了混音带——那个 era, 的遗物，它的制作“需要时间、思考、仔细的聆听，以及比制作 Spotify 播放列表更高水平的肢体协调能力”。优秀的混音带制作者是操作高保真音响暂停键和录音键的专家，他们通过与设备的交互来创造一件实体的工艺品。与播放列表不同，磁带是物质性的，存在于现实景观之中。如此有意义的东西在世界上占据一定的空间，这是理所当然的。

“你必须想象一个音乐像传闻一样的空间，”作家乔纳森·莱瑟姆 (Jonathan Lethem) 告诉凯拉，“你可能会听到某些旋律却无法知道它是什么，而且没有人能告诉你，这会让你快疯了。”

在没有 Shazam 的过去，你听到一首歌，无法立即将其捕捉。你只能带着听到那首歌的记忆生活，希望能在广播中再次听到它。我记得 1995 年在法国的广播里听到一首歌并深深着迷，我告诉家乡的男朋友，我听到了大卫·鲍伊 (David Bowie) 最棒的新曲。据我们所知，当时并没有鲍伊的新专辑，但我们还是询问了每家唱片店的店员。直到半年后它在美国发行，我们才发现那根本不是鲍伊的歌，而是苏格兰音乐家埃德温·柯林斯 (Edwyn Collins) 的《像你这样的女孩》(A Girl Like You)。我把

读者专栏：微型爱情故事

“微型爱情故事”是“现代爱情”项目的一部分，邀请贡献者用 100 字或更少的篇幅分享他们的史诗级爱情故事。请阅读下方一篇经编辑的微型爱情故事。

那是昆士兰州一个完美的夏日。马尔科（Marko）回澳大利亚只待几周。我们开车去了他最喜欢的黄金海岸海滩之一。我们游泳，欢笑，在岸边漫步。抖掉身上的沙子，我们走向冲浪俱乐部，那里可以看到棕榈树和翻滚的波涛。我们喝着当地啤酒，品尝着新鲜的牡蛎和虾。“谢谢你，”在他买单时我说道。“有时候，你得请给你生命的人吃顿丰盛的午餐，”他笑着回答。 —— 亚历山德拉·埃拉克-兹加内茨（ALEKSANDRA ERAC-ZGANEC）

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最近一期的《世界》（World）时事通讯邀请读者识别这座城市。提示：这座位于约 20 英亩校园内的博物馆于 6 月开馆。

JAMIE KELTER DAVIS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

答案：这是芝加哥。你在上方看到的建筑是新的奥巴马总统中心博物馆，致力于纪念第 4 任总统。馆内设施包括奥巴马先生椭圆形办公室的等比例复制品，以及一个可以俯瞰芝加哥南部和西部地区的空中房间。在“36 小时”系列报道中，旅行版块最近为这座“风之城”制定了一份行程，其中包括一家必试的烧烤店和其他亮点。欲了解更多信息，请访问 mytimes.com / travel。

在 nytimes.com / theworld 订阅《世界》。

随时为您解答

瓦妮莎·弗里德曼回答您的风格疑问

我从开始工作起就涂亮红色口红，而且一直没停过。这是我着装规范和职业身份的一部分。现在我在想，这是否显得太凌厉，让我看起来过时了。怎么才知道什么时候该告别它？—— 李，加利福尼亚州，蒂布隆。

红口红就像白色T恤或小黑裙一样，是身份认同的基础构建块——而且自 3500 B.C. 起就是如此。

那时，美索不达米亚的普阿比女王将白铅和红色碎石的混合物涂在嘴上，开启了将红色作为权力（无论是政治、性还是超自然权力）象征的时尚，这种趋势一直延续至今。

《红口红：致美容偶像的颂歌》的作者瑞秋·费尔德告诉我，红口红“代表了人们渴望传达的许多东西：权力、自信、权威、信念”。

难怪克娄巴特拉是它的拥趸，伊丽莎白一世女王、女权运动者伊丽莎白·卡迪·斯坦顿、玛丽莲·梦露以及《Vogue》编辑戴安娜·弗里兰也是如此。

因此，红口红成为您在工作中的首选化妆品——以及某种职业制服，我并不感到惊讶。

尽管如此，并非所有的“权力红”都一样。这意味着，虽然没有必要完全放弃您的标志性化妆品，尤其是如果它已成为您个人品牌的一部分，但现在可能是微调的时候了。

“有时，即使是那些你信赖了很久的必备品也有有效期，”费尔德说。

这可能仅仅是因为日复一日地做同样的事情，随着时间的推移，会开始让人觉得是机械重复而非一种庆祝。尝试一些新事物是有趣的。

标志性化妆品牌及 Jones Road 的创始人芭比·布朗表示，当你照镜子时，你需要问自己的第一个问题是：“它让我感觉如何？”如果答案是“这就是毫无保留的我！”，那么不必担心。但如果答案是“厌倦、不确定或陷入僵局”，那么或许需要重新评估。改变不必是剧烈的。

“在完全放弃红色之前，值得尝试一种比经典深红口红强度较低的色调，比如更柔和的偏勃艮第红，或者能留下轻盈红宝石色或猩红色薄层的有色润唇膏，”费尔德说。

她推荐 MAC Macximal Sleek Satin 口红的 Dubonnet 色（一种偏勃艮第的红色）；Ilia Balmy Tint 保湿润唇膏的 Heartbeats 色；以及 Chanel Rouge Coco Baume Satin 润唇膏的 In Love 色。她建议“轻轻涂抹一次，形成一层漂亮的薄色，而不是层层叠加”。为此，她还推荐迪奥的 Bagatelle 口红，该品牌称其具有“面纱般的效果”。

或者，她说，只需在平时涂的口红下加一层透明润唇膏或凡士林，就能产生柔化效果。布朗同样建议尝试“玫瑰色或透明红色唇彩”以获得更轻盈的效果。

关键在于这样思考：你并不一定是与一件已成为你一部分的物品告别，你只是在迎接其他新成员。

每周在“请教瓦妮莎”专栏中，《时报》首席时尚评论员瓦妮莎·弗里德曼会回答读者的时尚相关问题。请将您的问题发送至 openthread@nytimes.com。

“我们在这里都疯了”

18K金或纯银项链，灵感来自刘易斯·卡罗尔的小说《爱丽丝梦游仙境》

MONICA RICH KOSANN

请致电 866.598.2784 或访问 MONICARICHKOSANN.COM

对每篇报道进行事实核查与编辑。

我们为读者优先考虑准确性、公正性和质量。当我们做得不足时，我们会公开承认并纠正错误。

纽约时报

国际

纽约时报

Darializa Avila Chevalier 是一位民主社会主义者，也是纽约州第13国会选区的众议院候选人。

Claire Valdez 是纽约州第七国会选区的众议院候选人，也是市长 Zohran Mamdani 的盟友。

“这是一次对话和倾听，”Adam Hamawy 在谈到这次活动时说道。他认同自己是进步主义者，但不是民主社会主义者。

在拉丁美洲活动中，民主社会主义者成为全场焦点

照片由 ANITA POUCHARD SERRA 为《纽约时报》拍摄 在乌拉圭蒙得维的亚举行的泛美大会上，来自美洲各地的左翼政治领导人在年度会议休息期间的场景。

“我们之所以获胜，是因为我们建立了一个根植于构建联盟的竞选活动。”DARIALIZA AVILA CHEVALIER 在谈到拉丁美洲人如何从民主社会主义者加强运动的步骤中学习时表示。

美国进步派的成功激励海外左翼

作者：杰克·尼卡斯（JACK NICAS）

乌拉圭，蒙得维的亚 —— 近日，来自西半球各地的左翼政治人物聚集在乌拉圭，旨在抚平一系列选举失利带来的创伤，并商讨如何应对来自特朗普政府日益增长的攻击。

与会者包括前总统和预期的总统竞选者、国家立法者和竞选战略家、畅销书作家以及抗议活动领导人。但在这个八月的周末，或许最受瞩目的——被该群体视为前行之路的灵感来源——是来自美国的民主社会主义者，他们刚刚在初选中取得了胜利。

这些候选人——来自纽约的达里亚利扎·阿维拉·切瓦利埃（Darializa Avila Chevalier）和克莱尔·瓦尔德斯（Claire Valdez）、来自宾夕法尼亚州的克里斯·拉布（Chris Rabb）以及来自新泽西州的亚当·哈马维博士（Dr. Adam Hamawy）——均作为特邀嘉宾出席了在蒙得维的亚举行的泛美大会（Panamerican Congress），这是一次美洲各地左翼政治领导人的年度会议。（哈马维博士自认为是一名进步主义者，而非民主社会主义者。）

他们获得了全场起立鼓掌，被要求合影，并被其他参会者反复引用为左翼在当前政治时刻如何取得成功的典范。

智利前总统加布里埃尔·博里奇（Gabriel Boric）表示，他们的胜利“给了我们希望，如果这场战斗可以在内部进行，那么在外部同样可以进行”。今年3月，一名与特朗普总统结盟的极右翼政治人物接替了博里奇的职位。

40岁的博里奇曾是一名抗议活动领导人，他表示，左翼一直未能向工人阶级证明自己是最有能力帮助他们的人，但美国的民主社会主义者正在证明他们可以做到这一点。

他在一次采访中说：“我们的运动中存在一种倾向，即不断地谈论右翼及其代表的所有邪恶，而不是去说服人们并给人们带来希望。现在，这场辩论正在美国展开。”

对初选获胜者的热情欢迎表明，即使在国际舞台上，许多对全球右翼推进感到沮丧的人，尽管进步派的成功有限，但仍将希望寄托在民主党进步派身上。

这是这些进步派候选人在赢得初选后的首次正式出访。（由于他们赢得国会席位的胜算很大，因此竞选活动已经放缓。）

在特朗普政府对该地区施压的背景下，此次行程标志着他们对拉丁美洲的关注。然而，在采访中，除了呼吁结束美国对古巴的贸易禁运外，他们拒绝就拉丁美洲问题发表实质性看法。在竞选期间，他们几乎完全将加沙作为唯一的外交政策议题，并表示此次行程对他们而言具有教育意义。这也意味着，对于其他参会者将他们视为导师这一想法，他们显得有些不安。

“我不认为我们真的在教他们什么；这是一种对话和倾听，”曾在伊拉克服役的美国陆军退伍军人哈马维博士说。“他们确实看到了一丝希望，至少美国不是一个铁板一块的整体，他们看到在美国有能够对未来持有更好见解的合作伙伴。”

拉丁美洲的左翼将接受任何可能的帮助。自特朗普就任以来，该地区所有七次总统选举均由右翼候选人获胜，这些领导人及其他人一直致力于使其政府与特朗普政府保持一致。

美国政府还抓获了委内瑞拉的左翼独裁者尼古拉斯·马杜罗（Nicolás Maduro），并对该国实施控制，同时通过石油封锁向古巴共产主义政府施压，导致该国国民遭受广泛苦难。

目前剩下的左翼政府分布在巴西、墨西哥、乌拉圭和尼加拉瓜（由威权政府统治）。巴西人将在10月投票决定是否转向右翼，而墨西哥则加强了与特朗普政府的联系。

阿维拉·切瓦利埃（Ms. Avila Chevalier）预计将赢得代表哈莱姆区和布朗克斯区部分地区的选区，她表示，该地区的左翼人士或许可以从民主社会主义者在逆境中建立运动的努力中汲取经验。

“我们几乎是从零开始为进步运动构建基础设施，”她说。“我们之所以获胜，是因为我们建立了一个根植于构建联盟、凝聚民众力量，并确保我们能够切实回应人们需求的竞选活动。”

组织此次会议的美国活动人士大卫·阿德勒（David Adler）表示，拉丁美洲经常给美国的左翼运动带来启发，但现在情况发生了反转。

“在我的人生中，我第一次感觉到美国——尤其是我们在本次初选季中的近期经验——实际上有很多可以教给我们在南方的朋友的东西，”他说。他举例提到，关于生活成本负担能力的信息在选民中产生了效果。

参加此次活动的美国代表团主要来自民主党的进步派。出席人员还包括参议员伯尼·桑德斯（Bernie Sanders）的外交政策顾问、纽约市市长佐兰·马姆达尼（Zohran Mamdani），以及来自伊利诺伊州的众议员赫苏斯·加西亚（Jesus Garcia）和来自华盛顿州的众议员普拉米拉·贾亚帕尔（Pramila Jayapal）。

身为众议院外交事务委员会成员的贾亚帕尔女士表示，如果民主党掌握控制权，他们将寻求调查特朗普政府针对古巴和委内瑞拉的举措，以及该政府对据称运载毒品的船只发起的空袭。

“通过这次会议，我收集了许多关于我们希望介入的不同领域的想法，”她说。

加布里埃尔·博里奇（Gabriel Boric），智利前总统，其继任者是一位极右翼政治人物。

普拉米拉·贾亚帕尔表示，她通过在乌拉圭举行的会议“收集了许多想法”。

西藏失踪人数：海外人员超过260人

作者：LILY KUO 和 PEI-LIN WU

中国当局周日表示，在上周毁灭性的洪水之后，西藏失踪的数百人中包括来自23个国家的260多名外国公民。这是中方首次就边境此侧受灾人员提供最详细的统计。

据中国官方通讯社新华社报道，失踪外国人数额最大的群体为104名尼泊尔人、49名印度人、33名拉脱维亚人、18名美国人和15名英国公民。目前共有546人仍然失踪。

该社援引地区政府的新闻发布会称，中国西藏地区的死亡人数已达16人。

据尼泊尔救灾部门称，截至周日上午，尼泊尔已有734人被确认死亡，近2,500人仍然失踪。

西藏被北京在20世纪50年代吞并，一直是西藏人要求更多自治而进行抗议和自焚的场所，是中国管控最严密的地区之一。自周三尼泊尔与西藏边境发生洪水以来，中国很少公布其境内受影响人员的细节。中国社交媒体平台审查了大量非官方新闻机构发布的内容，包括旁观者和徒步旅行者发布的灾难照片和视频。

中国当局在重大灾难发生后通常会对信息进行严格控制，旨在引导公众舆论，防止讨论演变为对政府的愤怒或批评。

中国官员在周日提交了他们最详细的

中国当局提供更清晰的洪水后情况。

关于这场灾难如何展开的最详细时间线。中国科学院山地灾害与环境研究所教授苏鹏城表示，遥感数据和现场分析表明，尼泊尔的一座山峰——朗唐利隆峰（Langtang Lirung）上的一处冰川在周三上午10点左右，在海拔17,000英尺处发生崩塌。

冰块坠落约4,000英尺，侵蚀山坡并形成了苏博士所描述的“大规模山体滑坡”。碎片高速移动13英里，随后击中了尼泊尔与中国之间的边境口岸——吉隆口岸。苏博士表示，此次灾难影响了172英亩土地，并摧毁了口岸的27栋建筑。

中国救援人员于周五下午抵达被夷为平地的边境口岸，此时距离山体滑坡发生已过去50多个小时。道路损毁、降雨以及进一步洪水的威胁使得该地点难以抵达。

中国驻尼泊尔首都加德满都大使馆周日表示，中国已派遣直升机并营救了94名中国公民。

中国领导人习近平周五承诺将协助尼泊尔开展救援工作。中国大使馆在Facebook的一篇帖子中表示，中国已向尼泊尔一座受损的水电站派遣了五名隧道专家，并很快将再派遣四名。

Mujib Mashal参与了报道。

本文由Sajal Pradhan、Mujib Mashal和Atul Loke撰写。

尼泊尔，巴拉特普尔（BHARATPUR）——在一场愤怒的暴雨席卷尼泊尔山隘五天后，经过长途跋涉抵达的家属们在数百具残缺的尸体中寻找着任何能够辨认其亲人的线索。

在下游城市巴拉特普尔的一个大厅里，男女人们在完全的沉默中盯着一个小电视屏幕，观看回收遗骸的幻灯片。

隔壁，另一个被改为临时停尸房的政府大厅存放着270套遗骸，这些遗骸的照片曾在屏幕上闪现。几乎所有遗骸都尚未被确认身份。

巴拉特普尔距离洪水首次袭击地100多英里，没有能力保存冲到其河岸上的尸体，且无法继续存放。在夜幕笼罩这座城市之前，这些尸体正被运往一片森林进行集体埋葬。

在埋葬地点，身着防护装备的安全部队将尸体逐一卸到担架上，摄像机记录着每一个步骤。附近，一排排插在水泥盆中的金属编号标牌——每个坟墓的标记——正在等待。

失踪者中只有一小部分出现在死者之列，这凸显了一个残酷的现实：死亡人数可能会继续上升。

截至当地时间周日晚，已发现近800具尸体。仍有超过2,500人失踪，而灾难发生后的最初72小时通常被认为是救援行动的关键期。

周三，由于部分冰川从山壁脱落，毁灭性的洪水席卷了尼泊尔北部和西藏，其坠落产生的地震力如此之强，以至于官员最初认为是一场地震。由此产生的大规模水墙和泥墙冲走了村民、水电工以及来自近三十个国家的数百名进行宗教朝圣的游客和旅行者。数万人仍需要救济，整个城镇被抹除，道路、桥梁和通信线路被摧毁。

目前正在进行的救援工作的大部分

Binod Ghimire从加德满都参与了报道。

周日，尼泊尔巴拉特普尔Devghat森林地区，警员在无名受害者的集体埋葬仪式上。该市接收了270多套洪水受害者的遗骸。 摄影：ATUL LOKE 为《纽约时报》拍摄

数千人依然失踪，尼泊尔转向集体埋葬

从左上角起顺时针方向：德夫加特（Devghat）泥泞中的一个玩具；巴拉特普尔（Bharatpur）临时停尸房外的遇难者亲属；以及周日将遗体移至集体埋葬地的安全部队。

救援工作集中在拉斯瓦（Rasuwa）几个大型水电项目的隧道中，那里是尼泊尔最早且受损最严重的地方之一，以及紧邻其下游的努瓦科特（Nuwakot）。

在整夜的雨中，军队试图钻孔进入被碎片和泥土掩埋的隧道。据军队发言人拉贾·拉姆·巴斯内特（Raja Ram Basnet）准将称，到周日下午，在印度救援队的支持下，他们成功找到了一座隧道的开口，但发现其中充满了水。他说，第二座隧道的开口则更难定位。

“尼泊尔军队一直在使用热成像无人机搜寻生命迹象，”他说，“但到目前为止还没有发现幸存者的迹象。”

洪水威力之大，导致近十具遗体被冲刷数百英里之远，在印度被发现。

当遗体开始在奇特旺（Chitwan）区的河岸边被冲上来时——这里距离洪水首次袭击地有数十英里之遥——官员们立即陷入了瘫痪状态。

尼泊尔是一个极度贫穷的国家，基础设施有限。警察局长拉梅什沃·波德尔（Rameshwor Poudel）表示，奇特旺的停尸房仅能容纳三十多具遗体。

在没有更好的替代方案的情况下，区政府官员转向了巴拉特普尔的政府大厅。由于那里只有一台空调，他们试图采购干冰。他们设立了一个服务台和一个接待厅。

他们为遗体拍照，以便陆续抵达的亲属能够辨认出失踪者。

但遗体在水中浸泡时间太长，季风气候的高温更是雪上加霜。而外交部长向国际同行请求的冷冻柜未能立即到位。

只有大约十多具遗体被确认身份并移交给家属安葬。更多的遗体仍在不断出现。

“我们每天仍能发现 15 到 20 具新遗体，”在临时停尸房帮忙的高级交通警察阿尼尔·塔帕（Anil Thapa）说，“这种情况将持续数月。”

周六，区当局宣布，在经过详尽的记录程序（包括拍照、记录尸体上的特征标志或衣物，以及采集 DNA 样本）后，将开始埋葬遗体。

在开车 10 分钟即可到达的一片茂密森林空地中，他们于周六晚间埋葬了 93 具遗体，次日又埋葬了 100 具。

周日傍晚，在集体埋葬结束前的最后几个小时，17 岁的比雷什·库马尔·萨（Biresh Kumar Sah）在乘坐了 8 小时巴士后抵达了镇上的临时停尸房。

当他第一次听说洪水袭击家乡西拉哈（Siraha）时，他正在尼泊尔首都读书。他的父亲（一名数学老师）和在同一所学校就读的弟弟失踪了。

“第一天我试图不去想这件事。我向所有人隐瞒了这个消息，”他说，“我想保留希望。”

第二天，他在网上发布消息称父亲失踪。

“他的同事联系了我，告诉我他看到我父亲和弟弟被洪水冲走了，”他说。

“我知道他们走了，”他补充道，“但我依然抱有希望。”

站在他身后的姑姑说，家里必须接受既定事实，并准备举行最后的祭礼。

比雷什打断了她，翻了个白眼。

“我不懂这些祭礼，”他说，“我觉得很痛苦。”

31 岁的拉梅什·达哈尔（Ramesh Dahal）也查看了屏幕上的照片，他说在检查完加德满都所有接收伤员的医院后，他才来到巴拉特普尔。

他一直在寻找他 21 岁的侄子苏曼·达哈尔（Suman Dahal），苏曼是一名向导，当时正带领一群徒步旅行者在拉斯瓦（Rasuwa）活动。

达哈尔先生表示，在听到有报道称，随着洪水袭来，有些人已逃往丛林的高地后，他起初仍抱有希望。

他推测，也许他们感受到了引发洪水的冰川崩塌所产生的类似地震的力量，并前往了安全地带。他说：“也许他们听到了来自中国的警报声。”

但他说，随着时间一天天过去，他正逐渐接受现实。

“现在我觉得，甚至连找到他遗体的机会可能只有 0.1%，”他说。

桥梁道路中断，救援人员测试无人机运送救援物资

作者：ANUPREETA DAS

尼泊尔，比杜尔（BIDUR）—— 上周袭击尼泊尔的致命洪水和山体滑坡摧毁了桥梁和道路，并拔起了电线杆，导致数千人的交通和通信突然中断。

在对 2,500 多人继续搜救的同时，人们也在争分夺秒地向博特科希河（Bhotekoshi）和特里舒利河（Trishuli）两岸的幸存者运送食物和其他必需品。据联合国称，约有 10,000 户家庭受到此次灾害的影响。

运送救援物资的一个想法是：使用无人机。

周六下午，约十余名私人无人机操作员、军队志愿者和警察聚集在尼泊尔中部城镇比杜尔的德维加特（Devighat）的一片空地上，测试这些设备是否可用作跨特里舒利河运送关键物资。

他们测试的一架无人机在螺旋桨展开时，尺寸大约相当于一张大型餐桌。它可以承载高达 220 磅的重量。

部分测试人员是经验丰富的商业无人机飞行员，他们曾在喜马拉雅山高地投递包裹。但该小组采取了谨慎的态度，在无人机首次升空前，为其加载了约 130 磅的有效载荷。

包裹中包括大米、方便面、衣物和卫生棉。细雨减缓了用绳索和登山扣将货物固定在无人机上的工作进度。

这种规模和载重量的无人机价值数千美元，可以攀升数千英尺，但此次测试中的无人机飞行高度较低，飞向河对岸。它没有在对岸着陆，而是在测试人员卸货时盘旋。一次往返大约耗时三分钟。

在第一次成功试验后，测试人员互相祝贺。他们又进行了几次测试，方法证明有效。

志愿者、无人机飞行员和警察周六在尼泊尔德维加特准备物资。 ATUL LOKE 为《纽约时报》拍摄

旨在触达博特科希河和特里舒利河附近的人员。

他们现在计划将测试结果提交给当局，由当局评估这种无人机配送方式是否能加速人道主义救援。其他几种类型和尺寸的无人机已经在投入使用，包括向偏远地区运送应急口粮。

速度至关重要。洪水摧毁了 35 座以上的桥梁，损坏了约 25 英里的道路，其中包括关键公路的部分路段。

尼泊尔财政部长斯瓦尼姆·瓦格莱（Swarnim Wagle）告诉路透社，重建被毁基础设施可能需要 40 亿美元 billion 以上。为了恢复部分连通性，尼泊尔已请求其他国家提供便携式桥梁，以协助其应急行动。

中东战争

伊朗汽油短缺令领导层担忧动荡

VAHID SALEMI / 美联社

ELKE SCHOLIERS / 盖蒂图片社 尽管伊朗拥有原油储备，但其炼油能力不足且对燃料提供巨额补贴。从顶部起顺时针方向依次为：上周德黑兰的一家加油站；6月遭到以色列袭击后的伊朗西部一座石油储存设施；霍尔木兹海峡附近的船只。 ARASH KHAMOOSHI / POLARIS 为《纽约时报》供稿

本文由 Shirin Hakim, Leily Nikounazar 和 Yeganeh Torbati 撰写。

伊朗人在采访中表示，由于战争和美国的封锁导致燃料供应紧张，最近几周，即使在深夜，加油站前排起长队的汽车已成为常见景象。

伊朗政府正苦于如何应对，并对削减昂贵的补贴持谨慎态度，因为此举将提高燃料价格，且在过去曾引发大规模抗议。

官员和专家表示，尽管伊朗原油资源丰富，但其炼油能力长期以来不足以满足国内的汽油需求。根据政府数据，缺口略高于每日汽油消耗量的十分之一，通常由进口弥补。而现在，由于美国对伊朗南部港口持续实施的海上封锁，这些进口几乎被完全切断。

官员称，自美以战争爆发以来，由于袭击破坏了伊朗炼油厂并限制了其产能，国内汽油产量也有所下降。

在包括德黑兰、伊斯法罕和班达尔阿巴斯在内的几个城市，受访的伊朗人表示，近日在加油站看到了长队。

“即使你在半夜，比如凌晨 2 或 3 点走在街上，也会看到有巨大的车队在排队等待，”马什哈德市 30 岁的失业教师 Reyhaneh 说道。与在伊朗受访的其他人员一样，由于担心遭到报复，她要求不要使用其姓氏。

随着战争进入第七个月且尚无明确解决迹象，燃料价格上涨的前景加剧了伊朗人的困境。央行表示，与去年同期相比，伊朗人目前面临 80% 的通货膨胀，同时还面临着部分由战争和政府强制断网引起的广泛失业。

美国封锁的部分目的是向德黑兰施压，使其放宽对霍尔木兹海峡的控制。霍尔木兹海峡是波斯湾至关重要的航运水道，伊朗军队在战争初期实际上将其关闭。这一瓶颈导致包括美国在内的全球燃料价格上涨。

上周，美国政府宣布对伊朗及与伊朗相关的实体实施额外制裁，希望这些措施能迫使这个伊斯兰共和国做出让步。

这种情况使伊朗政府几乎没有选择。2019 年，汽油价格的剧烈上涨引发了大规模抗议，当局随后以暴力手段将其镇压。

经济不满在今年早些时候也引发了全国性的示威。官员们敏锐地意识到，现在提高油价可能会引发新一轮抗议。

伊朗议会议长兼与华盛顿的主要谈判代表 Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf 本月表示，虽然必须减少汽油消耗，但提高价格是一个错误。他声称，伊朗的“敌人”计划利用这一问题制造动荡，但并未具体说明政府应该采取什么替代措施。

伊朗经济学家 Amirhossein Khaleghi 表示：“当政府缺乏足够的合法性和资源，尤其是处于战争之中时，问题在于，当我们不再拥有维持现状的资源时，该如何继续维持当前局面。”

伊朗官员承认了此次危机的部分规模以及美国施压所带来的影响，但他们仍试图表现出 defiance（蔑视 / 不屈）。

“我们正面临战争，”总统马苏德·佩泽什基安（Masoud Pezeshkian）在周五接受伊朗国家电视台采访时表示。“敌人瞄准了我们的油气资源，导致我们的产量下降。我们在战争中坚定不移，但我们必须帮助增强国家的韧性。”

伊朗最高领袖穆じた巴·哈梅内伊（Ayatollah Mojtaba Khamenei）在周五发表声明，承认存在“经济和生计挑战”，同时警告官员不要公开或强调政府的弱点，以免让伊朗的敌人从中获益。

周日，他发布了一份较长的声明，警告这些敌人——含蓄地指美国——正试图将“文化、社会、经济、政治和地理差异转化为制造分裂的借口”，以便日后将其用于对伊朗实施外国统治。他说：“本仆人建议全体国民，无论以何种方式，都不要允许内部出现任何不和。”

汽油问题只是政府在提供基本服务以及使供应与需求相匹配方面陷入困境的几个领域之一。伊朗的电力使用量也超过了其基础设施能够提供的能力。

在采访中，佩泽什基安先生敦促伊朗人减少消费，并表示他离开办公室时会关灯，且使用电风扇而非空调。

在伊朗，政府长期提供廉价能源，以帮助人们在其他商品价格飞涨的情况下，使生活在某种程度上能够维持。

政府根据消费量分不同等级对汽油进行补贴，按照目前的汇率，部分汽油的售价每升不足一美分。每种价格的购买量设有配额，而这些配额在最近几周已被削减。

到目前为止，政府似乎抵制提高燃料价格。但尽管佩泽什基安先生承诺最低配额等级的汽油价格不会上涨，但他表示，消费量超过设定额度的人可能需要支付高达两倍的价格。

即使在大城市，公共交通也不足，人们依赖汽车和出租车出行。

“如果我们鲁莽地提高汽油价格，将会给人们制造麻烦，”佩泽什基安先生说道，同时对政府此前如此深度的燃料补贴表示遗憾。

这场迫在眉睫的危机虽然被近期事件所加剧，但它是许多长期问题的累积结果。

官员和专家表示，由于伊朗的燃料价格远低于邻国，部分补贴汽油被走私到国外以牟利。政府似乎不愿或无法阻止这种贸易。

而且即使在大城市，公共交通也不足以满足人们的需求，迫使他们依赖自己的私家车和出租车出行。

伦敦的经济分析师礼萨·盖比（Reza Gheibi）表示，在这些综合问题得到解决之前，像重组配额这样的改变“充其量只能改变短缺的分配方式，而不能消除短缺本身”。

近期燃料配额的削减迫使许多伊朗人购买非补贴燃料，由于加油站提供的此类泵数量较少，他们经常必须排队数小时。

伊斯法罕的一名工程师索海尔（Soheil）表示，他所在的城市汽油供应相对充足。然而他补充道，“即使在这里，加油站的队伍也变得越来越长。”

美国袭击霍尔木兹海峡伊朗岛屿

作者：埃里克·施密特（ERIC SCHMITT）

华盛顿——美国中央司令部表示，美国军队周日袭击了两个试图在霍尔木兹海峡布设海雷的伊朗火箭发射器。

这是美国一个月来首次对伊朗发动袭击，且此次行动似乎规模有限，而非重启大规模的美国轰炸。但伊朗誓言将进行报复，这增加了双方重启军事打击的风险。

中央司令部发言人蒂姆·霍金斯（Tim Hawkins）上尉表示，据观察，伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队的部队一直在拉拉克岛（Larak Island）准备向周围海峡水域发射携带海雷的火箭弹，该海峡是石油和天然气运输的关键航道。

中央司令部负责人布拉德·库珀（Brad Cooper）海军上将表示，截至上周，美军已清除伊朗在海峡中布设的海雷。

据伊朗国家广播公司报道，革命卫队表示，此次袭击“将以惩罚侵略者的方式予以回应”。伊朗塔斯尼姆通讯社（Tasnim）称，此次袭击造成两人死亡，但该说法无法立即得到证实。五角大楼未立即回应置评请求。

特朗普政府已敦促商业船只通过该海峡，由美国海军引导它们通过位于阿曼水域的海峡南部。

美国军方官员表示，海军舰艇以及空军喷气式飞机和陆军直升机正在密切监测该海峡，并准备攻击威胁过往商业船只的伊朗军队。

通过该海峡依然充满危险。在过去两周内，已有两名海员死亡，另有一人失踪。自战争开始以来，针对船只的袭击总数至少有 71 次，19 名水手死亡。

6 月，伊朗和美国签署了一项重新开放

官员称，此次袭击针对发射器，为一个月来首次打击。

海峡的协议，随后三天内每天有 60 多艘船只通过。但该协议随后破裂，美军重新对伊朗港口实施封锁。伊朗试图通过建立一套新系统来加强控制，对通过海峡的船只收取通行费，而此前该海峡是免费通行的。

这种动荡迫使许多航运公司绕过该海峡。该地区最大的石油生产国沙特阿拉伯已转向通过红海出口更多原油。

周日的袭击是五角大楼自 7 月 29 日中央司令部打击伊朗境内数十个目标（包括指挥中心、导弹和无人机设施以及海岸监视站点）以来，首次承认对伊朗采取的行动。

两国的大规模轰炸已转入军事行动暂停期，特朗普政府转而专注于对德黑兰政府实施一系列新的经济制裁。

珍妮·格罗斯（Jenny Gross）参与报道。

以色列定居者在约旦河西岸威胁巴勒斯坦人；内塔尼亚胡罕见予以谴责

作者：亚伦·博克斯曼（AARON BOXERMAN）和普拉纳夫·巴斯卡（PRANAV BASKAR）

以色列军方和巴勒斯坦目击者表示，上周末，数十名以色列定居者闯入被占领的约旦河西岸一名巴勒斯坦男子的家中，将屋内人员围困并袭击。这是以色列极端分子发起的一系列袭击中的最新一起，已引发国际谴责。

此次袭击发生在约旦河西岸北部的巴勒斯坦城镇库斯拉（Qusra）附近。近期，以色列定居者团体在该地围困了另外几名巴勒斯坦人的住所，其中包括一名美国公民。在过去几个月里，被以色列占领领土上的暴力事件呈滚雪球式增长，巴勒斯坦人表示，以色列当局经常对此视而不见。

但周六袭击的强度引发了以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）罕见的谴责。此前，他很大程度上将此类袭击淡化为极少数人的行为。

以色列军方表示，在收到关于暴力冲突以及以色列暴徒向巴勒斯坦人投掷石块的报告后，士兵被派往库斯拉及附近的贾卢德（Jalud）。军方称，数十名暴徒在一家巴勒斯坦房屋内“自行封锁”，随后以色列军队将袭击者清除并没收了其车辆。目前尚不清楚是否有以色列人被逮捕。

房屋所有者、29岁的卢艾·贝鲁蒂（Luay Beyrouti）表示，周六中午左右，少数定居者靠近该建筑并投掷石块。贝鲁蒂先生的家人目前不住在这栋房子里；他与另外几名巴勒斯坦人前往那里是为了对其进行翻修。

他表示，随后又有数十名定居者乘车抵达，将房屋包围后强行闯入，并将他以及其他在现场工作的巴勒斯坦人困在屋内。

另一起袭击发生在约四英里外的巴勒斯坦城镇贾卢德。NBC新闻（NBC News）报道称，一群戴面具的以色列定居者袭击并导致该媒体的记者受伤，当时记者正在采访一名被赶出家门的巴勒斯坦妇女。据NBC报道，当记者一行人走下山坡时，车上的定居者靠近他们，用棍棒击打并投掷石块，导致三名工作人员和该妇女受伤。

以色列右翼亲定居者政府的成员经常主张，对定居者暴力的担忧被夸大了，且官员有时会向被指控实施袭击的以色列人表示支持。

但周六，内塔尼亚胡先生表示，袭击者不仅是在“违法”，而且在损害以色列在海外的声誉，给“守法的定居者群体造成了巨大损害”，并损害了“以色列在世界上的地位”。

“我希望执法部门尽快逮捕暴徒并将其绳之以法，”内塔尼亚胡先生说道。

以色列总统艾萨克·赫尔佐格（Isaac Herzog）——这是一个很大程度上仅具有礼仪性质的职位——表示，这些事件“令人不齿”，且“给以色列的形象抹了黑”。他呼吁以色列执法部门“根除这种不可接受的现象，并将犯罪者绳之以法”。

自三年前加沙战争爆发以来，以色列定居者在约旦河西岸针对巴勒斯坦人的袭击大幅增加。以色列人权组织认为，极少有人因袭击而被起诉，极端分子在很大程度上处于不受惩罚的状态。人权监测组织 Yesh Din 表示，在 2005 年至 2025 年间，该组织跟踪的调查案件中，仅有 3% 导致了全部或部分定罪。

本月，库斯拉的另外两个家庭被以色列定居者困在家中数日，尽管以色列军方承诺清除暴徒。美国驻以色列大使迈克·哈卡比（Mike Huckabee）谴责袭击者为“以色列恐怖分子”，并表示他已要求以色列军方和警方采取行动。

周六贝鲁蒂先生的房屋遭到袭击时，他以及在场的其他当地巴勒斯坦人表示，他们多次致电以色列当局，希望能获得帮助。

他说，当士兵到达时，他们发射了催泪瓦斯，迫使他们逃到屋顶以避免窒息。贝鲁蒂先生表示，以色列袭击者最终撤退了，但至少仍有部分人员留在该区域。他在冲突中手臂受伤。

一名以色列警方发言人未回应关于是否有任何以色列袭击者被捕的提问。但贝鲁蒂先生表示，士兵们反而短暂地拘留了他以及随行的其他巴勒斯坦人。

“我说这是我的房子，但他们不听，”贝鲁蒂先生说，“他们告诉我禁止我出现在那里。我告诉他们是定居者袭击了我们。他们让我闭嘴。”

以色列军方在一份声明中确认，他们给几名巴勒斯坦人戴上了手铐，并称这些人在此次事件中投掷了石头，包括向以色列士兵投掷。军方表示，针对一名反抗者，他们使用了“适度武力”。该声明未提及士兵是否拘留了任何以色列袭击者。

这两名男子表示，周六晚上，贝鲁蒂先生与他的兄弟亚赞·贝鲁蒂（Yazan Beyrouti）一起回到现场，向抵达现场的以色列警方调查人员提供证词。两人均表示，他们认为袭击者不太可能被起诉。

“说到底，法官和犯罪者属于同一阵营，”24岁的亚赞·贝鲁蒂说，“而军队在到来时，并不会保护我们。”

德国试图遏制即将赢得州选举的极右翼势力

来自 A1 版

在德国被称为“防火墙”，而 AfD（德国选择党）长期以来一直对此发起攻击。

德国国防部长鲍里斯·皮斯托里乌斯（Boris Pistorius）今年夏天告诉小报媒体《图片报》（Bild），他不会向 AfD 政府传递机密信息。他引用了 与俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·V·普京（Vladimir V. Putin）的亲密关系，该党领导人曾对普京大加赞赏。

“他们对普京的亲近是无法忽视的，”皮斯托里乌斯先生说。“如果认真认为我们应该粗心地让这些信息落入错误的人手中，我认为显而易见，这种情况绝不能发生。”

在 及其支持者看来，这些努力是企图践踏选民意愿并挫败其政策议程，其议程包括驱逐移民以及禁止在学校悬挂同性恋自豪旗。

“这不民主，不政治，也不恰当——这简直就是肮脏，” 在萨克森-安哈尔特州的州长候选人乌尔里希·西格蒙德（Ulrich Siegmund）在接受奥地利民粹主义频道 ServusTV 采访时表示。

萨克森-安哈尔特州的 官员没有回应多次通过电子邮件请求就该党若获胜后其权力被削减的举措发表评论。

在许多情况下，遏制 的计划是在秘密进行的，因为担心讨论内容会被泄露给媒体，从而助长该党的论调，即德国联邦政府正在阻挠选民的意愿。

据德国中部图林根州内政部长格奥尔格·迈尔（Georg Maier）称，其他州的内政部长们已经传阅了一些限制 政府（如果其成立）权力的想法，包括拒绝其官员获取某些具有安全影响的信息。

“我认为这是一个真实存在的问题，而且如果这种情况发生，将是对国家安全的威胁，”他在一次采访中说道。

迈尔先生是 的激烈批评者，他拒绝公开详细说明内政部长们正在考虑的步骤。

联邦情报部门已将 标记为涉嫌右翼极端主义。该党还与俄罗斯这一日益敌对的对手保持联系。 的当选官员试图揭露国家安全秘密，其中一些涉及德国对乌克兰的支持，这可能会有利于俄罗斯的军事规划，此举引发了政治轩然大波。德国官员指责俄罗斯进行破坏、网络攻击以及其他破坏德国社会凝聚力的活动。

在下个月将进行投票的两个州——萨克森-安哈尔特州和梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州——的民调中处于领先地位。这两个州都位于前东德地区，是 的大本营。在该地区，该党领导人利用社交媒体和地方组织，吸引那些对经济停滞、移民和文化变革感到沮丧的选民。

似乎接近在萨克森-安哈尔特州获得

乌尔里希·西格蒙德， 在柏林以西的萨克森-安哈尔特州的州长候选人。

绝对多数席位。这将使其能够在无需任何其他政党帮助的情况下组建政府，从而绕过“防火墙”。联邦情报部门将萨克森-安哈尔特州的 分类为确认的极端主义者。其潜在的崛起使一些官员在考虑根据德国法律采取极端措施。

该国的宪法是由二战后纳粹时代的幸存者起草的。为了防止极端势力再次掌权，宪法允许联邦政府在国家的“自由民主秩序”受到威胁时接管州警察部队。

斯文·胡贝尔（Sven Hüber）是一位没有公开党派隶属关系的高级警察工会官员，他将 可能在萨克森-安哈尔特州的接管与 20 世纪 30 年代纳粹党的崛起相类比。在警察工会一份简报的信函中，他向警员保证，工会将帮助那些拒绝执行来自“非民主”部长非法命令的成员。

AfD的盟友发起了反击。在本周，一名极右翼新闻平台发布了一篇报道，指控胡贝尔先生在20世纪80年代担任东德边防军期间曾实施暴力行为，随后他被迫从该工会辞职。胡贝尔先生在的一份声明中称这些指控是“诽谤和中伤”，并表示他已采取法律行动予以回应。

其他地区的政府官员则在公开考虑采取较为温和的措施来应对AfD的获胜。

来自德国其他州的一组部长们正在考虑一项变更，旨在防止潜在的AfD州政府拦截部分教育资金。这笔资金需要各州代表一致批准。

萨克森-安哈尔特州的执政联盟在今年春天也通过了一项法律，旨在防止任何单一政党否决司法任命，或阻止任命其不喜欢的州长。

该法律允许在选举中未获得第一名的政党联合起来提名立法机构负责人。此前，只有获得第一名的政党才能提名候选人由州立法机构批准。这一变更可能使主流政党在今年秋季能够选出自己选择的人来管理该州，即便AfD获胜但未能获得多数席位。

包括中右翼州长斯文·舒尔策在内的萨克森-安哈尔特州领导人们极力强调，此举并非针对单一政党。舒尔策先生在一次采访中表示，阻止AfD的民主方式是在投票箱前。

他说，通过修改一系列规则来专门针对AfD并阻止其掌权“将是一种投降，我不会参与其中”。

最近，舒尔策先生采取了另一种策略以试图赢得选举：他接纳了AfD部分主张。

上个月，一名在德国出生的人在柏林骄傲节活动附近杀害了一名女性并导致29人受伤。该袭击者曾试图加入伊斯兰国恐怖组织但未成功。随后，舒尔策先生呼应了AfD长期以来的要求，即即便恐怖嫌疑人是德国公民，也应将其驱逐出德国。

“我们绝不能允许不接受我们文化的人生活在这里，”舒尔策先生说道。

在西班牙，晚上10点曾是晚餐时间。而现在，对许多人来说，那是就寝时间。

一个导致西班牙这一转变的可能因素是冠状病毒大流行，它打破了顾客和餐厅的常规。 摄影：EMILIO PARRA DOIZTUA 为《纽约时报》拍摄

摘自 A1 页

比它本应的样子。

但证据表明，西班牙的晚餐时间正在提前。

CoverManager 是一个为数千家西班牙餐厅管理预订的在线平台，该平台报告称，目前一半的晚餐预订是在晚上 9 点之前，而十年前这一比例为 27%。类似的平台 TheFork 表示，其在西班牙晚上 8 点的预订量自 2019, 以来几乎翻了三倍，而晚上 10 点的预订量则减半。

在西班牙的家庭中，也出现了转变的微妙迹象。2024 在加泰罗尼亚地区进行的一项政府调查表明，与 2010. 相比，当地人开始进行晚间活动（包括晚餐时间）的时间适度提前。由于全国性数据尚未公布，专家表示现在得出更广泛的结论还为时过早。

虽然这种变化的原因尚不完全清楚，但总部位于巴塞罗那、倡导睡眠与健康政策的非营利组织“时间利用倡议”（Time Use Initiative）主任玛尔塔·胡恩克·苏里亚（Marta Junqué Surià）指出，大流行病打破了旧有的常规，并认为更多的人正在寻求与提前用餐相关的健康益处。

“我们正朝着更符合生物节律的方向发展，这能让我们吃得更好，最重要的是，获得更好的休息，”胡恩克女士说。

58, 岁的两个孩子的父亲特拉萨斯先生说，他和妻子只是想要更好的睡眠。“这是一个积极的变化，”他说。

“深夜晚餐正在消亡”

《纽约时报》要求为约 16,000 家西班牙餐厅处理在线预订的 CoverManager 分析其在过去十年中在该国记录的约 3.3 亿 次预订。

CoverManager 的所有者 Hospitality Tech Group 首席执行官托马斯·让让（Thomas Jeanjean）表示，数据呈现出一种清晰的模式：“深夜晚餐正在消亡。”

数据显示，如今在西班牙典型的外出晚餐开始时间比大流行前提前了一个小时。

较晚的预订正变得越来越罕见：去年晚上 10 点的就餐占晚餐预订的 15%，而 2016. 年为 30%。晚上 11 点的餐桌占比为 1.9%，而 2016 年为 5.7%。

“晚餐时间提前了，”让让先生说，“而且曲线仍在倾斜。”

深夜晚餐并未消失：数据显示，人们在周末通常比平时晚一个小时用餐，夏季比冬季晚约 20 分钟，而晚上 9 点仍然是最受欢迎的预订时间。

卡洛斯·巴拉甘（Carlos Barragán）在马德里参与了报道。

“我发现当我建议早点见面——比如 8 点或 8:30——人们从来不会拒绝。” 上图为 索尔·福基耶（SOL FAUQUIER）。

与西班牙 12,000 多家餐厅合作的 TheFork 表示，外国旅游业的激增是这一转变的一个因素，但它指出，其约 70% 的预订来自西班牙电话号码。

CoverManager 则表示，游客并非这一变化的驱动力，并指出使用西班牙号码的用户（约占其预订量的 90%）预订餐桌的时间比十年前提前了约一个小时。

西班牙社会正在发生变革，自 2018, 以来增加了 100 多万名外国出生的工人，其中许多来自拉丁美洲。但在一个拥有 5000 万 人口的国家，转向提前用餐是“一种本土的习惯改变”，让让先生总结道。

疫情带来的转折

晚餐时间晚是西班牙一个相对现代的习俗。在第二次世界大战期间，独裁者弗朗西斯科·佛朗哥将军将西班牙本土的时钟调快了一个小时。西班牙此后再未调回，这意味着其官方时间领先于其地理位置。

Junqué女士表示，战后时期的贫困也强化了晚餐时间晚的习惯，当时许多人打两份工，只有在第二班工作结束后才吃晚餐。西班牙的工作日通常由一个漫长的下午休息时间分隔，结束时间比欧洲其他地方更晚。

根据CoverManager的预订数据，2020年10月引发全国性晚上11点宵禁的新冠疫情，促使人们更早地外出就餐，并助力了“tardeo”习俗的复兴——即在傍晚时分进食、饮酒和社交的习惯。专家表示，现在有些西班牙人直接用tardeo取代了晚餐。

代表酒店餐饮业的商业联合会Hostelería de España主席何塞·路易斯·阿尔瓦雷斯·阿尔梅达（José Luis Álvarez Almeida）表示，在疫情限制放宽后，许多餐厅为了节省人力和运营成本，保留了较早的营业时间。

“不符合西班牙精神”

在今年夏天的交谈中，许多西班牙人表示他们比往年吃得更早。每个人似乎都有自己的理由——年龄、年幼的孩子、对更好健康的追求，或是希望早晨更有精力。

53岁的纳乔·卡尔沃·维拉（Nacho Calvo Vila）是巴塞罗那的一家餐厅老板，他说自己在大约五年前做出了这一改变，以改善消化并获得更好的睡眠。现在他大约在10点就寝，而这曾是他以前的晚餐时间。他说，更好的休息帮助他在饮食方面做出更健康的决定，缓解了焦虑并调节了情绪。

“睡眠至关重要，”他说，“我认为这是观念转变最巨大的领域之一，尤其是在西班牙。”

在马德里与同事喝酒时，46岁的索尔·福基尔（Sol Fauquier）表示，她现在更倾向于在晚上8点就餐，并怀疑其他人也想早点吃，但社交压力让人们不敢成为第一个提议的人。

“我并没有遇到什么阻力——恰恰相反，”她说，“我发现当我建议早点见面——比如8点或8点30分——人们从未拒绝过。”

她的同事，23岁的伊莎贝尔·卡诺（Isabel Cano）插话道，这么早吃晚餐是“不可想象的”，且“不符合西班牙精神”。

卡诺女士说，如果有人邀请她6点30分吃晚餐，她会告诉对方等一等。“比如，先吃个马芬蛋糕吧。”

一个更快乐的国家？

专家认为，如果人们能早点吃饭和睡觉，西班牙将获得诸多益处。

Junqué女士表示，这将使西班牙成为一个“更高效、更健康、更快乐的国家”。她引用研究表明，在人们睡眠时间更长的国家，“生产力会提高，民众的心理健康状况也更好”。

2013年，一个议会委员会发现，西班牙人的睡眠时间比欧洲平均水平少约一个小时，并将员工的疲劳与生产力下降和缺勤联系起来。

但旨在鼓励提前晚餐时间的官方措施似乎可能会面临阻力。2024年，西班牙左翼劳工部长约兰达·迪亚斯（Yolanda Díaz）暗示，那种迫使餐厅在午夜后仍保持营业的深夜文化是“疯狂的”，对此，马德里保守派地区主席伊莎贝尔·迪亚斯·阿尤索（Isabel Díaz Ayuso）反驳称，中央政府更希望西班牙人“感到无聊并待在家里”。

Junqué女士认为，即使晚晚餐的习惯淡化，但对于西班牙人来说，与家人和朋友围坐在餐桌旁的意义不会改变。

“我们热爱与人相处和社交，”她说，“我们的西班牙文化将保持原样。”

瑞士电音派对枪击事件造成1死5伤，搜捕行动正在进行

作者：CHRISTOPHER F. SCHUETZE

柏林——瑞士警方正在搜寻一名或多名嫌疑人，他们在周日于瑞士的一场电音派对上造成一名女性死亡，另有五人受伤。

枪击事件发生在瑞士北部阿拉乌（Aarau）的一处赛马场舞会结束后不久。警方表示，现场发出了多次枪响，但截至周日下午，参与作案的人数尚不明确。

州警察局的迈克尔·洛伊波尔德（Michael Leupold）上校在周日晚上表示，枪击背后的动机目前也不清楚。他表示，警方尚不确定这是否是一起恐怖袭击、某种有针对性的犯罪行为，还是另一种类型的群体攻击。

“我们正在深入调查这三种可能性；基于目前的调查状态，这三种可能性均等。”洛伊波尔德上校说道。

他表示，警员正在全国范围内进行搜寻，但由于认为犯罪者或犯罪者们已经逃离，因此认为阿拉乌州当地民众面临的风险并不比该国其他地区更高。

警方表示，枪击事件发生在周日凌晨，当时这场最多有3,000名访客参加的电音派对正接近尾声。音乐已经停止，但仍有100多名狂欢者留在现场。

据警方称，一名居住在瑞士的22岁意大利女性在现场死亡，四名男子和一名女性（年龄在24至27岁之间）受伤。警方此前曾表示所有受害者均为瑞士人。

警方在周日晚上的新闻发布会上表示，警员发现了对应两种不同口径武器的弹壳。一种弹壳可能来自手枪或小型机关枪，而另一种则对应自动步枪。

警方表示，部分目击者声称看到了两名枪手，但他们认为该信息尚未得到证实。

军队向现场派遣了一支特种部队单位和一架直升机以协助搜捕。

瑞士实行全民征兵制，允许大多数经过基础训练的男性将军队武器保存在家中，以协助国内防御。然而，大多数人不允许在家中存放弹药。

周日上午，电音派对的组织者在Instagram上发表了一份声明。

“这次针对阿拉乌派对宾客的懦夫行径令我们心碎，”他们写道，“电音派对应当永远是一个充满欢乐与爱的地方。”

冰岛人投票反对重启欧盟谈判

作者：AMELIA NIERENBERG 和 EGILL BJARNASON

冰岛，雷克雅未克 —— 官员们周日表示，在一场异常激烈的辩论席卷这个拥有 400,000 人的北欧国家后，冰岛人投票反对恢复加入欧盟的谈判。

根据国家选举当局周日公布的结果，在针对该议题举行的全国公投中，“反对”方获得了 52.8% 的选票。他们表示，周六的公投中，有 82.6% 的合资格选民参与了投票。

国家广播公司 RUV 表示，这是 2009 年以来冰岛任何一次选举中最高的投票率。

这一决定对于由 27 个成员国组成的欧盟来说是一个挫折，欧盟一直将自己塑造为一个在不确定世界中进步且务实的联盟。如果冰岛加入，该集团将通过一个富裕国家扩大其在北极地区的影响力。

欧洲理事会主席安东尼奥·科斯塔（António Costa）的一位发言人在一份声明中表示：“冰岛仍然是欧盟最亲密、最值得信赖的合作伙伴之一”，并补充说该集团尊重这一结果。

即使是那些推动重启欧盟谈判的政治人物，也对这次公投表示庆祝，将其视为冰岛健康民主的标志。

“能让人们就这样一个问题坐下来讨论，这一点极其重要，”总理克里斯特伦·弗罗斯塔多蒂尔（Kristrun Frostadottir）周日在首都雷克雅未克对记者说。她支持恢复谈判。

此次公投涉及的问题十分复杂。

在周六之前的采访中，选民们表示，他们最关心的是在日益动荡的世界中如何保持冰岛的繁荣、稳定和安全。许多表示计划投“反对”票的人说，他们担心加入该集团可能会威胁到国家对其宝贵的渔业的控制，以及在其他问题上的主权。

“冰岛为独立而战，”雷克雅未克的食品博主安德里亚·古纳斯多蒂尔（Andrea Gunnarsdottir），36 岁，说道，“我们应该保持独立。”

一些计划投“赞成”票的人则表示，他们担心冰岛的整体经济状况，想看看谈判会带来什么。目前通货膨胀率很高，利率也很高。一些人认为，加入全球最大的经济体之一——并可能采用其货币欧元——可能是实现长期稳定的明智之举。

比弗罗斯特大学（Bifrost University）的政治学教授埃里克·伯格曼（Eirikur Bergmann）表示，“赞成”方采取了一种克制的、战术性的论点，即看看谈判能产生什么结果，而没有阐明冰岛为何想要加入欧盟的愿景。

“更高的目标是什么？”他说，“这一点从未被解释清楚。”

不过他表示，“反对”方能更好地利用国家的民族认同感，因为渔业长期以来在国家的自我形象中占据着如此重要的地位。

“渔业成为了冰岛主权的象征，”伯格曼教授说。

结果显示出明显的地理分歧。雷克雅未克及其周边地区的选民支持重启谈判。而在该国其他农村地区，大多数冰岛人投了反对票。

其他潜在的“赞成”票选民则将该集团视为一个稳定的保护者，因为他们面临着北极地区不断变化的地缘政治现实，超级大国在那里竞争主导权。

今年，特朗普总统对格陵兰岛（冰岛最近的邻国）的威胁让冰岛人感到不安。他甚至在一次重要演讲中将冰岛与格陵兰岛混淆。

冰岛人还对相关报道感到愤怒，报道称被选为美国新任驻冰岛大使的比利·隆（Billy Long）曾开玩笑说，冰岛可能会成为第 52 个州。隆先生随后迅速道歉。

尽管在公投前的采访中，很少有冰岛人表示认为特朗普会威胁他们，但他反复无常的行为导致一些人担心北约（NATO）的实力。冰岛是北约成员国，但是唯一一个没有自己军队的成员国。

雷克雅未克大学的法学教授玛格丽特·埃纳斯多蒂尔（Margret Einarsdottir）表示，安全担忧是她投票支持谈判的主要原因，但对她的许多同胞来说并非如此。

她说，这令人沮丧且惊讶。“我们只是在逃避现实，”她说，“我们单纯认为冰岛永远不会发生任何糟糕的事情，因为过去从未发生过。”

阿米莉亚·尼伦伯格（Amelia Nierenberg）发自冰岛雷克雅未克报道，埃吉尔·比亚纳森（Egill Bjarnason）发自冰岛胡萨维克报道。珍娜·斯米亚莱克（Jeanna Smialek）在布鲁塞尔参与了报道。

尼日尔叛军短暂夺取机场控制权

作者：SAIKOU JAMMEH

塞内加尔，达喀尔 —— 上周末，首都机场发生的爆炸、总统府附近的枪战以及其他冲突使西非国家尼日尔陷入混乱。叛逃士兵袭击了关键地点，而当局则在努力维持控制。

尼日尔国防部表示，目前尚不清楚周六的袭击由谁领导，以及其目的为何。政府在一份简短声明中未指明袭击者的身份，也未提及死亡人数。

但针对权力中心的袭击令尼日尔的执政军政府深受震撼。就在三年前，一名军事指挥官通过政变推翻了尼日尔民主选举产生的总统；而仅在今年夏天，伊斯兰武装分子就多次袭击该国的主要机场。

截至周日上午早些时候，据信领导 2023 年政变的将军——总统阿卜杜拉曼·奇亚尼（Abdourahmane Tchiani）仍在总统府内，而他的总统卫队被认为已夺回机场的控制权。

分析人士表示，由于战斗规模较大，袭击者可能是尼日尔特种部队的成员。

国防部表示，名为 Air Base 101, 的战略军事基地是首都尼亚美（Niamey）地区被袭击的“敏感地点”之一，该基地驻有俄罗斯雇佣兵和部分意大利军队。该基地在周日上午早些时候的状态尚不明确。

“行动始于凌晨 1 点左右，一直持续到早晨，”一名因担心政府报复而要求匿名的前尼日尔外交官表示。该外交官称，袭击士兵曾一度夺取机场，据报道还扣押了空军基地的俄罗斯雇佣兵作为人质。

国防部表示，安全部队的“迅速反应”使得“遏制此次骚乱”并“逐步恢复”对争议地点的控制成为可能。

三位分析人士表示，虽然首都远未稳定，但当局似乎正在缓慢地获得控制权。

“局势仍然非常不确定且在不断演变，”总部位于达喀尔的研究机构萨赫勒-撒哈拉安全战略中心（Sahel-Sahara Security Strategies Centre）的顾问比阿特丽斯·比安基（Beatrice Bianchi）表示。“但我们掌握的最新信息是，总统卫队占据上风，许多把自己封锁在 Air Base 101 内部的叛乱分子已被击毙，”她补充道。

尼日尔的军事领导人与邻国马里和布基纳法索的领导人一样，以缺乏安全为由夺取政权，并承诺结束近年来席卷该地区大部分地区的圣战绝缘起义。其中许多领导人已切断与包括法国在内的长期西方伙伴的关系，转而拥抱俄罗斯。

但萨赫勒地区依然陷入暴力循环。

尼日尔几乎所有边界都面临威胁，从北部的利比亚，到南部的尼日利亚，以及西部的布基纳法索。一系列极端主义和武装组织在该地区活动，包括博科圣地（Boko Haram）、支持伊斯兰与穆斯林组织（JNIM）、伊斯兰国萨赫勒

官员表示，目前尚不清楚是谁领导了这场战斗，以及其目标是什么。

省（ISSP）和伊斯兰国西非省（ISAWP）。

武装冲突地点与事件数据项目（Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project）的高级西非研究员赫尼·恩赛比亚（Héni Nsaibia）表示，如果只关注该国西部的两个组织，可能会导致忽视来自利比亚的威胁。他说，而如果只关注来自利比亚的势力，则可能会忽略查德湖盆地的博科哈拉姆（Boko Haram）等组织。

“他们总是试图像玩‘打地鼠’一样，同时出现在所有地方，”他说。“这确实在一定程度上削弱了他们，同时也使兵力过度分散。”

今年6月，基地组织附属机构 JNIM 的武装分子袭击了尼亚美的主要机场，造成至少 11 名士兵和两名平民死亡。这是该设施在六个月内遭受的第二次此类袭击。今年1月，伊斯兰国萨赫勒地区的武装分子对同一机场发动了协调攻击。

分析人士表示，频繁发生政变和兵变的触发主因是政府未能解决圣战分子和分裂主义者的叛乱，而这些叛乱继续给军队造成沉重伤亡。

分析人士指出，政变以来，暴力行为及其造成的伤亡情况有所恶化，并补充说，人们对政府处理冲突的方式感到日益愤怒。

“当一名士兵被杀，却连最基本的荣誉或认可都得不到时，这会在基层士兵中产生很多不满，”恩赛比亚先生说。“当局会掩盖事情，或向公众隐瞒真相。”

军队中这种潜伏的愤怒引发了人们对本周末袭击动机的猜测。恩赛比亚先生表示，他不愿将其称为政变企图，而倾向于认为是兵变或一种“试图使政权不稳定”的尝试。

但比安奇（Bianchi）女士表示，她会将其归类为政变企图。

“这两者之间的界限很模糊，”她说。“过去发生过兵变，但没有一次达到这种暴力程度。”

塞浦路斯海岸发生渡轮倾覆事故，至少 8 人死亡

作者：LEO SANDS 和 BEN HUBBARD

周日，一艘载有 267 人的客运轮渡在塞浦路斯北海岸翻沉，造成至少 8 人死亡，并引发了营救其余乘客的搜救行动。

据土耳其国家通讯社 Anadolu 报道，在周日晚些时候的一次简报会上，宣布自己为独立土耳其共和国的北塞浦路斯部分地区的总统图凡·埃尔胡尔曼（Tufan Erhurman）表示，大多数乘客已被救出，但仍有 18 人失踪。

埃尔胡尔曼先生补充说，其中 4 名遇难者身份已确认，当地和土耳其的搜救队正在继续搜寻幸存者。

该轮渡此前从塞浦路斯的基雷尼亚港（土耳其语称为 Girne）出发前往土耳其南部的塔苏丘（Tasucu）。土耳其内政部表示，该船在距离基雷尼亚约 4 英里处开始进水时，船上载有 259 名乘客和 8 名船员。

土耳其副总统杰夫代特·伊尔马兹（Cevdet Yilmaz）将该船描述为“双体船型”船只。他在社交媒体上表示：“我对船上的乘客、船员以及我们的国民表示哀悼。”

内政部在一份声明中表示，土耳其和北塞浦路斯的搜救力量动用了直升机和海军部队。

Ephrat Livni 参与报道。

根据其办公室的 Facebook 页面，北塞浦路斯总理乌纳尔·乌斯泰尔（Unal Ustel）表示：“我们深感悲痛。有人丧生，有人受伤。”

目前尚无关于船上人员国籍的即时信息。此类航线的乘客主要是北塞浦路斯居民（其中许多人持有土耳其或塞浦路斯护照）以及来自土耳其本土的土耳其人。

在接受 Anadolu 采访时，乌斯泰尔先生表示，由于天气恶劣，轮渡的出发时间被推迟了一天。他告诉该媒体：“船在海上被第一波浪击中，就在船长试图恢复平衡时，第二波浪击中，船只开始进水。”

乌斯泰尔先生在随后由 Anadolu 发表的一份声明中表示，船长和 7 名船员已被拘留，以配合对该船的调查，并称此次事件为“塞浦路斯经历的最大规模海难”。

1974 年，在地中海岛屿上的希腊族和土耳其族人口发生暴力冲突期间，土耳其军队占领了北塞浦路斯的领土。1983 年，北塞浦路斯宣布自己为独立的土耳其共和国，这一举动除土耳其外不被任何国家承认。

被遣返者在飞往非洲的航班上讲述被美国移民海关执法局（ICE）特工锁链捆绑、折磨与虐待的经历

MATTHEW JACOBS / 法新社 — 盖蒂图片社 本月在利比里亚蒙罗维亚机场的一架美国遣返航班。上个月，部分被拘留者拒绝离开第一架航班。

CARIELLE DOE 为《纽约时报》拍摄 CARIELLE DOE 为《纽约时报》拍摄 保拉·多斯·桑托斯（PAOLA DOS SANTOS）讲述另一名女性受到的待遇。 “他们像对待牲畜一样把她绑起来。”

卡洛斯·特莱兹-桑切斯（CARLOS TÉLLEZ-SANCHEZ），一名目前被拘留在利比里亚的被遣返者。

接 A1 页

美国移民海关执法局（ICE）官员在遣返过程中或在美国拘留期间。

“他们说我们有行动自由，但我并不觉得自由。”

“他们没有把我们当人看，没有把我们当成人类，”被驱逐至利比里亚的委内瑞拉被驱逐者卡洛斯·特列斯-桑切斯（Carlos Téllez-Sanchez）说道，“他们可以对你随口说任何话或做任何事，而你对此无能为力。”

白宫、国土安全部和国务院在声明中表示，只有那些无法被遣返回原籍国或拒绝返回的人才会被送往第三国。

“正如鲁比奥（Rubio）国务卿所言，我们致力于结束非法和大规模移民的决心坚定不移，”国务院发言人汤米·皮戈特（Tommy Pigott）表示。

当航班本月抵达利比里亚首都蒙罗维亚时，古巴国民桑切斯先生和其他三人表示，由于担心被遗弃在一个陌生的国家，他们拒绝下机。

他们称，美国移民海关执法局（ICE）的官员强行将他们拖到停机坪上，猛拉并扭转他们的手铐，将他们按在地上，并用膝盖直接压在他们的脖子上。

桑切斯先生说，联邦特工将他击倒在地，并跪在他鼓起的腹部上，让他陷入极度痛苦之中，他的裤子还被尿液浸湿。桑切斯先生和其他三名被驱逐者表示，其他被驱逐者开始大喊：“‘你这个虐待者！如果他死了，就是你的责任！’”

国土安全部表示，没有被拘留者被拒绝使用洗手间，桑切斯先生经过医疗人员检查并被宣布适合飞行，他在飞行过程中的医疗需求得到了满足，且特工并未跪在或压在他的腹部。

该部门未对被驱逐者提出的其他虐待指控做出回应。

桑切斯先生说，他痛苦地哭喊着，与其他人一起被带回了在利比里亚的航班上。随后，他们被带到了赤道几内亚。美国已与至少 35 个国家签署了驱逐协议，其中大多数位于非洲。

“基本上，他们把我们当成野生动物对待，”航班上的另一名古巴国民卡洛斯·罗德里格斯（Carlos Rodríguez）说道，“像对待畜生一样。”

冷冻室

三名被驱逐出境者，包括被驱逐至利比里亚的 21 岁巴西国民保拉·多斯·桑托斯（Paola Dos Santos），表示他们在被拘留在美国期间遭受了美国移民海关执法局（ICE）官员的“心理折磨”。

多斯·桑托斯女士称自己曾在两家不同的美国设施中被拘留 15 个月，她讲述了

埃马纽埃尔·阿金沃图（Emmanuel Akinwotu）发自利比里亚马歇尔；普拉纳夫·巴斯卡（Pranav Baskar）发自纽约；珍妮薇芙·格拉茨基（Genevieve Glatsky）发自哥伦比亚波哥大；哈梅德·阿莱齐兹（Hamed Aleaziz）发自华盛顿。马塔提亚斯·施瓦茨（Mattathias Schwartz）和卡里埃尔·多（Carielle Doe）参与了报道。

被拘留者经常被拒绝提供医疗护理，包括孕妇在内。多斯·桑托斯女士说，一名恳求了解其被分离儿子情况的女性，其双手和脚踝被绑在一起：“他们把她像牲口一样绑起来。”

美国国土安全部表示，被拘留者从进入 ICE 监管之日起就接受“全面的医疗护理”，包括牙科、心理健康服务以及产前和产后护理。

一些被驱逐者表示，他们被不断地在不同设施之间转移，有时被关押在多达 50 人共用一个厕所的拘留中心。许多人说，他们被关在没有床铺且寒冷得令人痛苦的房间里好几天，他们称之为“冷冻室”。

来自委内瑞拉的被驱逐者特列兹-桑切斯（Téllez-Sanchez）先生说，去年年底他还在达拉斯的一家汽车经销店工作，并期待着儿子的出生。他本人及其合作律师表示，在一名法官授予他一项防止被遣返回国的保护令后，他在美国生活了五年。随后在 12 月，他在一次办理工作许可续签的常规访问中被逮捕。

他说，当他试图向移民官员解释他持有防止被驱逐的法院命令时，一名 ICE 探员告诉他闭嘴。

他说，在拘留期间，他目睹了 ICE 官员持续的言语虐待。

虽然被驱逐者陈述的部分内容无法独立核实，《纽约时报》能够与律师和政府官员确认某些细节。

“一直以来，我都予以配合，”特列兹-桑切斯先生说，“我请了律师，启动了法律程序。我不想冒险，我想做正确的事。”

他补充道：“他们根本不在乎。”

他说，在八个月的拘留期间，他被转移了六次以上。

与其合作的律师阿尔玛·大卫（Alma David）表示，在各州之间不断转移被驱逐者是 ICE 的一种常用策略，旨在防止被拘留者发起法律挑战。

“这是一种心理战，”她说。

大卫女士表示，被驱逐者在尝试续签工作许可或庇护文件而被捕时通常会感到困惑，他们没有意识到 ICE 官员正在针对像特列兹-桑切斯先生这样持有保护令的人员。

该政府将人员快速驱逐至第三国的做法正受到法院的质疑。今年 2 月，一名法官宣布该政策非法，但一家上诉法院在审查此案期间允许政府继续进行驱逐。

大卫女士说，现在特朗普政府正在通过将人们发送“到像利比里亚这样他们毫无联系、不懂语言且根本无法想象如何生存的国家”来增加驱逐人数。

“打断你的双腿”

桑切斯先生是一位古巴人，在飞往利比里亚的航班上，他因剧痛而蜷缩挣扎。他表示，自己于2010年根据《古巴调整法案》抵达美国，从事焊工工作，制作门窗。

他表示，2018年他在迈阿密的一次抢劫案中腹部被捅并被枪击，导致他陷入了长达40天的昏迷。审阅其腹部照片的医生表示，照片显示的情况与他对自己遭遇的描述一致。

他表示，去年年初，他在一次交通拦截后收到了一年的缓刑令，随后被判定持有可卡因罪名成立。他说自己完成了40小时的社区服务，并缴纳了3,200美元的罚款。美国国土安全部表示，桑切斯先生是一名罪犯，“在5月获得了正当法律程序，并被下令驱逐出美国”。

被驱逐者表示，当飞机在利比里亚降落时，美国移民海关执法局（ICE）的特工逐一叫号要求下机，而那些反抗的人被强行带走。古巴人之一的罗德里格斯先生说，当时有四名警员同时压在他身上。

几名反抗下机的被驱逐者表示，在被告知将被送回美国后，他们重新回到了飞机上。

然而，他们随后被带到了赤道几内亚，被装进一辆面包车，留在一家酒店并被禁止离开。他们在电话采访中表示，他们正受到携带自动武器的卫兵的严密监视。

“他们告诉我们：‘如果你试图逃跑，我们就打断你的双腿’，”同样来自古巴的达尔文·埃尔南德斯说道。

审阅桑切斯先生腹部照片的医生表示，他的情况似乎没有生命危险，但包裹其肠道的薄层移植皮肤极其脆弱，容易受伤，应当通过手术进行修复。

桑切斯先生表示，当他最终在赤道几内亚见到医护人员时，那里的医生告诉他，该国缺乏治疗他所需的设备。他说，医生只给了他一种简单的止痛药。

在利比里亚的生活

在大多数被驱逐者被送往的利比里亚，委内瑞拉人特莱兹-桑切斯先生正试图适应他的新环境。

他和其他几个人偶尔会进行短距离散步，离开利比里亚政府安置他们的那家半竣工的三层酒店。在酒店外面，有六名以上的安保人员和利比里亚官员在把守。

“他们说我们有行动自由，但我并不觉得自由，”特莱兹-桑切斯先生说。“我不是罪犯。我不应该遭受这些。”

利比里亚方面表示，其接收的所有被驱逐者都不是罪犯，且他们将被允许申请在该国居留。

联合国机构国际移民组织（IOM）的官员在一份声明中表示，他们已向被驱逐者提供援助，并将帮助他们返回原籍国或寻找“其他可行途径”。

许多被驱逐者现在正试图决定该怎么做——是在一个陌生的非洲国家定居，还是返回那些他们担心会遭受迫害的国家？

于2019年逃离委内瑞拉的特莱兹-桑切斯先生表示，他希望被允许返回美国，但并不乐观：“也许这不可能实现。”

他说，目前他只想见到家人，包括那个他尚未抱过的新生儿子。

《纽约时报》

消费者对生菜心存顾虑，世界“沙拉碗”正日渐凋零

摄影：MINH CONNORS 为《纽约时报》拍摄 Church Brothers Farms 是一家大型家族企业，自 1999 年起就在加利福尼亚州的萨利纳斯谷（Salinas Valley）种植农产品。生菜销量在 7 月开始下降，但近期已开始回升。

与许多美国农场一样，Church Brothers 做出了放弃健康作物的艰难决定。在圣胡安包蒂斯塔（San Juan Bautista）的食品加工厂内，工人（左图及右上图）必须穿着特殊服装。该工厂在今年夏天削减了工时并裁员。生菜的批发价格仍维持在盈亏平衡成本。

加州农民虽与疫情无关，但仍将数百万颗生菜翻入土中

作者：SOUMYA KARLAMANGLA

加利福尼亚州萨利纳斯 —— 在 Church Brothers Farms 的一个生产设施内，传送带上隆隆作响，堆满了切碎的罗马生菜和红甘蓝。今年夏天，该公司削减了工时并裁员。位于加州圣胡安包蒂斯塔、靠近萨利纳斯谷农业核心地带的这家工厂中，部分装配线在上周完全停止运行。

在一次严重的环孢子虫病（cyclosporiasis，一种导致严重腹泻的疾病）爆发后，全美新鲜农产品的销量出现下滑。据联邦卫生官员称，目前已有 17,000 多人因此患病，两人死亡。

最大规模的病例集群与在墨西哥种植的冰山生菜有关，联邦官员并未指涉来自萨利纳斯谷的绿叶蔬菜。然而，Church Brothers 加工厂运营副总裁雷蒙德·冈萨雷斯（Raymond Gonzales）表示，该谷地的生菜需求量依然骤减。

“尽管所有这些产品都来自美国，”冈萨雷斯先生一边说着，一边用戴着手套的手指向在冷水中翻滚的淡绿色叶片，“但在消费者看来，它就只是生菜。”

与许多美国农民一样，Church Brothers 在最近几周做出了一个艰难的决定：放弃健康的作物。如果没有市场需求，将绿叶蔬菜用于土地回肥，往往比支付收获的人工成本更具经济意义。

公司首席运营官杰夫·丘奇（Jeff Church）表示，Church Brothers 因丢弃绿叶蔬菜而损失了数十万美元。他估计，随着需求下降，在过去的六周里，公司额外将 390 万 颗生菜翻回了土壤中。

“我们实在没法利用它们，”54 岁的丘奇先生说道。

根据美国农业部（USDA）的运输数据，今年夏天美国用于销售的罗马生菜和冰山生菜产量处于 25 年来的最低水平。数据显示，尽管可销售量如此之少，但生菜的批发价格仍维持在盈亏平衡成本。

经济影响最严重的地方莫过于萨利纳斯谷。这个位于旧金山以南约 100 英里的农业区，长期以来被营销人员称为“世界的沙拉碗”。

该地区在全国范围内最著名的可能是约翰·斯坦贝克（John Steinbeck）以此处为背景的小说，如《鼠辈》和《伊甸之东》。但几代以来，萨利纳斯谷也因其温和的天气和肥沃的土壤而备受推崇，这使其能够种植草莓、西兰花，并在夏季供应全国 70% 的生菜。

因此，农产品恐慌并非新鲜事。在 2006 年一次致命的大肠杆菌爆发后，菠菜的销量花费了数年时间才恢复。但关于……的疑问

“甚至有个记者告诉我，他们不打算吃凯撒沙拉。”

蒙特雷县农局执行主任诺姆·格鲁特（Norm Groot）指出，通常用于制作凯撒沙拉的罗马生菜从未与环孢子虫产生关联。

美国历史上规模最大的环孢子虫（一种存在于人类粪便中的寄生虫）疫情似乎让消费者变得格外谨慎，他们开始避开浆果以及几种从未与此次疫情产生关联的新鲜蔬菜。

美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）仅确认了一个来源——由农产品巨头泰勒农场（Taylor Farms）在墨西哥种植的结球生菜。但卫生官员表示，他们正在调查至少其他六个集群，这些集群的来源尚未公开。

“甚至有个记者告诉我，他们不打算吃凯撒沙拉，”蒙特雷县农局执行主任诺姆·格鲁特说道。他指出，通常用于制作凯撒沙拉的罗马生菜从未与这种寄生虫产生关联。

在 Church Brothers 这家自 1999 年起就在萨利纳斯谷（Salinas Valley）种植农产品的大型家族企业中，生菜销量在 7 月开始下降，大约就在 CDC 宣布环孢子虫与塔可钟（Taco Bell）生菜之间存在关联的时候。而涉事产品为墨西哥种植生菜的泰勒农场总部就位于萨利纳斯，这在消费者的心目中将此次疫情与该山谷联系在了一起，情况因此变得更加糟糕。

Church 先生表示，随着疫情开始消退，销量已开始回升。然而，他现在正苦于决定未来几个月应该种植多少。

上周，在萨利纳斯的晨雾中，穿着背心的 Church 先生一边观察工人收割结球生菜——工人用刀剥掉外叶，然后将生菜球用塑料膜包裹起来卖给沃尔玛（Walmart）——一边思考着其中的数学计算。

如果当地农民担心进一步损失而种植过少，冬季将会出现生菜短缺。但如果 Church 先生种植常规数量，他可能再次被迫进行农民所谓的“圆盘耕作”（discing），即派遣带有钢叶片（或圆盘）的拖拉机将健康的农产品切碎并翻回土壤中。

加州大学戴维斯分校的农业经济学教授丹尼尔·萨姆纳（Daniel Sumner）表示，鉴于社交媒体信息的传播速度以及人们对机构信任度的普遍缺失，目前尚不清楚消费者会避开叶类蔬菜多久。

就在上周，农民们对一个关于“最恐怖万圣节装扮”的迷因（meme）感到愤怒：那个装扮就是泰勒农场的切碎结球生菜。《华盛顿邮报》上周发表的一篇评论文章则主张，美国人应该永久停止食用生菜。

“这是一个非常艰难的时刻，”代表加利福尼亚州及其他西部州农产品农民的农业贸易协会——西部种植者协会（Western Growers）总裁兼首席执行官戴夫·普利亚（Dave Puglia）说道。“有大量非常优质的新鲜农产品正被翻回地里。”

普利亚先生表示，与此次疫情相关的销量下降幅度——接近 30% ——高于近期其他疾病疫情带来的影响。

他表示，虽然美国拥有非常安全的食品供应体系，但生菜本身存在固有风险，因为它主要在室外生长且生吃。叶类蔬菜是美国食源性疾病的主要来源之一。

在萨利纳斯这座拥有 159,000 名居民的城市里，主街两旁排列着带有装饰艺术风格入口的砖房，手绘的番茄和生菜图案装饰在公共垃圾桶上。在市中心，面对国家斯坦贝克中心（National Steinbeck Center），耸立着当地主要雇主泰勒农场的总部，它是该地区最高的建筑之一。

萨利纳斯市市长丹尼斯·多诺休（Dennis Donohue）表示，他正在关注销售税收入等当地经济指标，以观察农产品销售下滑最终将如何影响城市的财政。但多诺休先生表示，起伏是农业生意的本质，他此前曾经营过一家小型特种蔬菜公司。

“情况往往会好转，”他说。至于食用生菜，即使是萨利纳斯的顾客依然保持警惕。

梅兰妮·沃尔特里普（Melanie Waltrip）共同经营着 Small-ey's Roundup 餐厅，这是一家拥有 50 年历史的牛排馆，店内设有深红色的卡座。她说，她的服务员仍在应对关于食用绿叶沙拉安全性的询问，这种沙拉通常作为排骨或猪排的配菜。

但 46 岁的杰夫·比克迈尔（Jeff Birkemeier）共同经营着位于萨利纳斯市中心的 Amapola Kitchen，他表示，其最受欢迎的菜单项目——一款用罗马生菜制成的中式鸡肉沙拉——依然是畅销产品。他说，在咖啡馆对面工作的 Taylor Farms 员工经常光顾这里吃午餐。

“总的来说，我的顾客是在这种农业重镇长大的人，他们对此类事情早已习以为常，”他说。

联邦案件陷入停滞，涉枪击案ICE特工离开德州监狱

胡利奥·C·索萨-塞利斯（Julio C. Sosa-Celis，左）在1月份试图逃离ICE特工时被枪击。他的室友阿尔弗雷多·A·阿尔霍纳（Alfredo A. Aljorna）未受伤。 摄影：JENN ACKERMAN 为《纽约时报》拍摄

作者：ERNESTO LONDOÑO 和 MITCH SMITH

德克萨斯州布朗斯维尔 —— 据三名知情人士透露，明尼苏达州的联邦检察官上周正准备对一名被指控在1月份枪击并导致一名委内瑞拉移民受伤的ICE特工提起民权指控。

但这些计划落空了，该特工克里斯蒂安·卡斯特罗（Christian Castro）走出了关押他三个月的德克萨斯州监狱。

此类指控较为罕见，且将成为一个信号，表明在官员们因全国性移民打击行动期间发生的一系列枪击事件（包括在明尼苏达州导致两名美国公民死亡的事件）而面临批评之际，特朗普政府愿意追究联邦特工的责任。

在卡斯特罗先生的案件中，时间至关重要。他原定于周四从南德克萨斯州的一所监狱获释，此前明尼苏达州检察官就其枪击委内瑞拉男子胡利奥·C·索萨-塞利斯一案对其提出了单独的州级指控。官员们担心，作为美国移民海关执法局（ICE）的遣返官员，卡斯特罗先生在获释后可能会逃往墨西哥。

但在卡斯特罗先生离开监狱之前提起联邦民权指控的计划（这需要华盛顿方面的批准）在最后几小时内因不明原因而瓦解。一名司法部官员在声明中表示，该机构“尚未就此事达成结论，绝不会在调查过程和对所有证据的彻底审查中操之过急”。

明尼苏达州的美国检察官办公室拒绝置评。

尽管联邦指控仍有可能被提起，但卡斯特罗先生于周四早些时候在没有任何限制的情况下离开了监狱。由于没有联邦指控，且德克萨斯州未同意将卡斯特罗先生就州级指控引渡，目前尚不清楚他是否还会作为刑事被告出庭。

“索萨-塞利斯先生信任明尼苏达州的联邦检察官，他们曾向他这位受害者兼证人承诺，将通过起诉克里斯蒂安·卡斯特罗来最终追求正义，”索萨-塞利斯先生的律师罗宾·沃尔珀特（Robin Wolpert）表示。她称，检察官在上周早些时候告诉她，指控即将提起。

普雷蒂（Pretti），他们在不同的事件中被杀害的美国公民。另一起枪击事件受到的关注要少得多，且造成的伤害相对较轻，发生在1月14日一条灯光昏暗的住宅街道上，当时卡斯特罗先生及其搭档追击的车辆冲进了雪堆。

该车的驾驶员阿尔弗雷多·A·阿尔霍纳向附近他居住的双拼住宅跑去。他的室友索萨-塞利斯先生当时正站在屋外。在前端草坪上与一名特工发生肢体冲突后，两人逃入屋内。州检察官表示，卡斯特罗先生透过前门开了一枪，击中了索萨-塞利斯先生的腿部。

起初，特朗普政府支持卡斯特罗先生。索萨-塞利斯先生及其室友在美均无合法身份，被描述为“暴力犯罪非法外籍人士”，并参与了使用扫帚和铲子的持续袭击。两人被指控袭击或阻碍执法人员，这是一项最高可判处八年监禁的重罪。

但几周后，特朗普政府做出了令人震惊的逆转。在审查了事件的监控视频后，检察官得出结论，卡斯特罗先生可能在导致枪击的事件经过中撒了谎。针对索萨-塞利斯先生和阿尔霍纳先生的指控被撤销。现场的两名警员被停职并接受调查。

州级指控

“在宣誓后撒谎是一项严重的联邦罪行，”时任美国移民海关执法局（ICE）负责人的托德·里昂斯（Todd Lyons）在2月份表示。他补充说，这些特工可能面临联邦刑事指控。目前尚未对卡斯特罗先生的搭档提起指控，该搭档当时并未开枪，且其身份尚未公开。

数月时间过去了，关于该联邦调查进展的消息依然没有传出。

随后在5月中旬，明尼阿波利斯市最高县检察官玛丽·莫里亚蒂（Mary Moriarty）宣布，她将独立推进此案。她指控卡斯特罗先生犯有四项二级袭击罪和一项虚报犯罪罪。

联邦特工因执行公务而面临州级刑事指控的情况十分罕见，特朗普政府此前主张，对特工的任何起诉都应在联邦法院进行。如果莫里亚蒂女士成功地对卡斯特罗先生进行审判，这有可能成为其他地区地方官员寻求联邦官员刑事责任的模板。

起初，该案件像大多数案件一样推进。逮捕令被签发，卡斯特罗先生被德克萨斯州游骑兵（Texas Rangers）逮捕。由于卡斯特罗先生不同意返回明尼苏达州，明尼苏达州民主党州长蒂姆·沃尔兹（Tim Walz）提交了引渡请求。但由于共和党州长格雷格·阿博特（Greg Abbott）未对该请求采取行动，程序陷入停滞。

到上周，在德克萨斯州的时间已经所剩无几。州法律规定，引渡令的拘留期限上限为90天，这意味着如果情况没有改变，卡斯特罗先生将在周四被释放。

在明尼阿波利斯，联邦检察官正准备指控卡斯特罗先生多项违反公民权利罪和作伪证罪。这样做可能会使引渡之争变得毫无意义。

但存在一个主要问题：卡斯特罗先生在德克萨斯州。

然而，随着日子一天天过去，指控并未出炉。

这种僵局导致周二在德克萨斯州边境城市布朗斯维尔（Brownsville）的一家联邦法庭展开了诉讼，明尼苏达州官员请求法官强制阿博特州长在卡斯特罗先生被释放前采取引渡行动。

明尼苏达州的律师指出，卡斯特罗先生在监狱中给一名墨西哥女性打了数百通电话，他们称两人之间存在浪漫关系。明尼苏达州官员告诉法官，他们担心卡斯特罗先生可能会逃往那里。

德克萨斯州官员则辩称，由于卡斯特罗先生是在雇主的指示下且在指控提起之前返回德克萨斯的，州长需要更多时间来确定他是否符合法律定义的逃犯。

法官费尔南多·罗德里格斯（Fernando Rodriguez Jr.）是特朗普任命的，他支持德克萨斯州方面，为卡斯特罗先生的释放扫清了障碍。

在法庭之外，塑造此案的激烈党派政治延伸到了社交媒体上。

明尼苏达州民主党总检察长基思·埃利森（Keith Ellison）发帖称，“阿博特在玩弄宪法之火”，并且将“德克萨斯州变成了暴力犯罪者的避难州”。

阿博特州长立即反击。

“你们真是太糟糕的律师了，”州长回应道，“你们出现时毫无准备，缺乏信息，且毫无说服力。”

关于联邦检察官准备指控卡斯特罗先生的情况，是由沃尔珀特女士、弗雷德里克·J·格茨（Frederick J. Goetz，索萨-塞利斯先生一名室友的律师，该室友在本案中被列为受害者）以及第三位因讨论敏感信息而要求匿名的人士描述的。

在行动期间，有三人被特工击中，包括勒妮·古德（Renee Good）和亚历克斯（Alex）

1月中旬，当卡斯特罗先生和另一名ICE特工开始在明尼阿波利斯市雪后的街道上追车时，这座城市陷入了混乱。当时，卡斯特罗先生距离他位于德克萨斯州与墨西哥边境附近的驻地约1,400英里。

联邦的不确定性

沃尔珀特女士补充说，“对于索萨-塞利斯先生来说，得知他对我们司法系统的信任似乎再次被摧毁，这令人心碎。”

枪击事件

他是去年冬天被派遣到明尼苏达州的数千名特工之一，此前特朗普政府指责当地的民主党人抵制移民执法。执法人员逮捕了数千名移民，与当地居民多次发生冲突，其行为引起了联邦法官的警觉。

随着卡斯特罗先生恢复自由，他的下一步行动似乎并不明确。

他可以前往明尼苏达州自首，也可以在德克萨斯州潜伏，或者逃往边境。而且，联邦检察官可以在任何时间决定是否继续提起指控。

检察官一直在权衡的民权指控——即“利用法律之名剥夺权利”——一旦定罪，可能会面临长期的监禁。一名司法部官员表示，在权衡民权指控时，联邦检察官必须与该机构位于华盛顿的民权专家进行磋商并协作。

一个警用摄像头提供的视频证据反驳了联邦当局最初的说法，即一名美国移民海关执法局（ICE）特工遭到了袭击。

该法令适用于政府官员滥用职权剥夺他人权利的情况，此前已在多起备受关注的案件中被用于起诉警察，包括 2020 年乔治·弗洛伊德被谋杀案以及 1991 年在洛杉矶发生的罗德尼·金被殴打事件。

阿尔若纳先生的律师格茨先生在的一份声明中表示，“政治考量似乎干扰了联邦起诉”。根据联邦法律，犯罪受害者通常需要被告知调查进展以及是否提起任何指控。

“本周早些时候，我还相信对克里斯蒂安·卡斯特罗的联邦起诉将公正无私地进行，”格茨先生说，“但我现在严重担心情况已不再如此。”

在卡斯特罗先生在狱中以及获释后，尝试联系他以获取评论均未成功。目前尚不清楚是否有律师在明尼苏达州的案件中代表他。

在任何时代，要判定一名执法人员在执行公务期间的枪击行为有罪都非常困难，而特朗普总统领导的司法部对一线执法人员尤其宽容。

但特朗普政府数月来一直在与卡斯特罗先生保持距离。

在卡斯特罗先生出狱后，当被问及关于他的情况时，国土安全部上周披露了一个新细节：他的停职是没有薪水的。

曾协助美军的阿富汗人亲属被包含在遣返非洲的人员名单中

作者：MIRIAM JORDAN 和 HAMED ALEAZIZ

据倡导组织称，上周一架载有约 70 名外国国民的遣返飞机飞往中非共和国。此类航班数量日益增加，已将数千名移民送往与其毫无联系的国家。

总部位于美国的阿富汗盟友援助组织 AfghanEvac、美国公民自由联盟（ACLU）以及一名要求匿名的知情人士表示，机上有一名 24 岁的阿富汗人，其父亲、兄弟和姐妹曾与美国军队共同工作。

在美国于阿富汗开展的 20 年军事行动期间，许多阿富汗人曾协助美军，而现在遣返这些人的亲属，违背了美国长期以来保护战时盟友的承诺。五年前，在塔利班推翻美国支持的喀布尔政府后，数千名阿富汗人带着家人逃离。

在拜登政府时期，许多人获得了特殊签证或政治庇护。移民法官则授予其他人“暂缓遣返”（withholding of removal），这允许未获得庇护的非公民留在美国，因为如果被遣返回国，他们将面临严重危险。

但在其移民打击行动下，特朗普政府试图剥夺数十万人的受保护身份。去年 7 月，在最高法院做出的一项裁决（该裁决在上诉期间暂停了地区法院的决定）之后，政府开始与第三国签署接收被遣返者的协议。

据追踪第三国遣返航班的组织“人权优先”（Human Rights First）和“国际难民组织”（Refugees International）称，约 19,000 人被送往墨西哥，尽管他们与该国没有任何联系。总体而言，已有 23,000 人被送往非原籍国。

追踪遣返航班的“人权优先”组织表示，周五的航班是自 6 月以来第三次飞往正处于内战中的中非共和国。

美国公民自由联盟移民政策与政府事务副主任莎拉·梅塔（Sarah Mehta）表示：“将那些在移民法庭获得保护的人送往冲突地区，是本届政府采取的一种冷酷且蓄意的策略，旨在强迫人们放弃其主张和权利。”

据其律师阿尔玛·大卫（Alma David）称，周五被遣返的 24 岁青年哈利勒（Khalil）去年获得了移民法官授予的暂缓遣返，法官认为他对遭受迫害的恐惧是可信的。

据其律师和家人称，哈利勒的几名家庭成员曾协助美军。他的一位住在纽约的兄弟曾担任阿富汗国民军的数据库管理员，该军队与美国代表团合作。另一位由美国培训的飞行员兄弟在 2020 年与塔利班作战时被杀。

据目前居住在美国的两名兄弟在采访中透露，在 2021 年 8 月喀布尔陷落后，全家逃往巴基斯坦，塔利班曾搜查他们的房屋以寻找他们。

出于对其安全的考虑，应律师要求，哈利勒仅以名公开。他于 2024 年前往美国，希望与兄弟们团聚。哈利勒在跨境后被拘留并申请了庇护。

曾在美军行动期间监督哈利勒之兄纳吉布（Najib）的海军陆战队上校扎卡里·施密特（Zachary Schmidt）在哈利勒的庇护听证会上作证。他告诉法官，他见过塔利班发给哈利勒兄弟的短信和手写信，信中因其支持美国代表团的工作而威胁其家人。

他在一次采访中谈到哈利勒时说：“我坚信，如果这个年轻人被强迫返回阿富汗，他会被杀掉。美国承诺保护那些帮助过我们的人，这包括他们的家人。”

他的兄弟纳吉布在一次采访中表示，他于2014年离开阿富汗，并申请了授予协助过美国的阿富汗人的特殊身份，同时申请了庇护。（他此后获得了绿卡。）

“我们为服务美国政府付出了代价；我的兄弟被杀了，”他说。“现在哈利勒的情况非常、非常不公平。如果被强迫返回阿富汗，他可能会立即被杀。”

国土安全部没有回应关于驱逐阿富汗盟友亲属的问题。

该部门在一份声明中表示：“出于行动安全和人员安全考虑，我们绝不会披露有关驱逐航班的信息。我们正在执行成文法。如果法官认定一名非法移民没有留在本国的权利，我们将将其遣返。”

据倡导组织和一名熟悉该行动的人士透露，周五被驱逐的人员中约有20名阿富汗国民。另有10名为伊朗人。其他人来自尼泊尔、尼加拉瓜和其他国家。

“无法回到战区的伊朗人和担心被驱逐至塔利班控制区的阿富汗人，基本上将在一个不稳定的国家被软禁，”美国公民自由联盟（A.C.L.U.）的梅塔女士说。“这不是移民政策；这是残酷。”

首架前往第三国的航班于2025年7月飞往南苏丹。

“我们看到向非洲国家进行第三国驱逐的行为剧烈升级，”人权优先（Human Rights First）组织政策、难民和移民权利主任萨维·阿尔维表示。

据人权优先组织称，周五的航班从达拉斯地区起飞。该航班计划在抵达中非共和国首都班吉之前，在塞内加尔和塞拉利昂经停。

特朗普政府越来越多地依赖与贫困、动荡国家的第三国协议，以驱逐那些原籍国拒绝接收，或被法官认定在遣返后将处于危险之中的国民。

其中许多国家，如中非共和国和刚果民主共和国，都出现在国务院警告不要前往的旅行建议名单中。

“这些国家并不致力于为这些男女提供任何保护或长期身份，”哈利勒的律师戴维女士说。“这些人最终将回到那个被法官认定他们极有可能面临严重伤害的国家。”

倡导者表示，在此之前，被驱逐者通常被限制在破旧的住房中，且没有法律身份、工作许可或法律支持。

第47任总统

随着损失增加，47 个州在青少年安全问题上将 Meta 逼入绝境

来自 A1 页

一名州总检察长在一次与几乎所有州总检察长参加的会议上表示，鼓励他们不要贪婪。“猪会变肥，但贪婪的猪会被宰杀。”

这项和解协议是公司与陷入诉讼的一组州之间达成的最大协议之一，于周三公布。关于该协议如何达成的记录是基于对州领导人、Meta 前任和现任高管的十多次采访，以及法院文件和庭审证词。

多年来，拥有 Instagram 和 Facebook 的 Meta 似乎在应对儿童安全诉讼方面拥有不可逾越的防御体系。该公司的王牌是《通信体面法》第 230 条（一项 1996 年的法律，保护平台免于因用户在网站上发布的内容而承担责任）以及保护言论自由的宪法第一修正案。

但全球范围内对社交媒体对儿童产生有害影响的担忧日益增加。澳大利亚去年成为第一个禁止 16 岁以下儿童使用社交媒体的国家，许多其他国家也开展了

该公司最终同意限制年轻用户使用其应用程序的时间。

或正在考虑类似的规则。

在美国，自2022年以来，大量关于儿童在线安全的诉讼被提起，原告集中于一个新的论点，声称社交媒体网站在设计产品时采用了有害的方式，违反了消费者保护法及其他法律。

这些诉讼指控相关公司故意创建像香烟一样令人上瘾的网站，这借鉴了 1990 年代针对大型烟草公司所采取的策略。突然之间，依赖第 230 条法律似乎不再那么安全了。

据两名熟悉该公司内部想法的人士透露，Meta 对这些案件的担忧日益增加。

今年 1 月，Meta 聘请了马奥尼（Mr. Mahoney）先生，他是一位资深诉讼律师，曾担任微软公司的总法律顾问。一名熟悉 Meta 想法的人士表示，马奥尼先生直接向扎克伯格（Mr. Zuckerberg）先生汇报，他就任首席法律官的部分原因是，他被协商达成和解的前景所吸引。他过去曾主导过复杂的交易，最著名的是 2020 年，当时他担任美国贸易代表副代表，是特朗普政府与加拿大和墨西哥贸易协定谈判的主要谈判代表。

塞西莉亚·康（Cecilia Kang）从华盛顿报道，伊莱·坦（Eli Tan）从旧金山报道。

在开始新工作的几天后，四名熟悉相关对话的人士表示，马奥尼先生致电了科罗拉多州总检察长菲尔·韦泽（Phil Weiser）先生和田纳西州的斯克雷梅蒂（Mr. Skrmetti）先生（他们是各州方面的首席谈判代表），以启动和解谈判。常驻硅谷的马奥尼先生飞往这些州分别与他们会面。他希望探讨一项大规模的和解方案，以结束由全美所有州总检察长发起的联邦和州级案件。

双方此前曾进行过谈判。但对话的基调发生了变化，因为马奥尼先生表现出非常明确的达成解决方案的意愿。

但三名人士表示，一个障碍立即显现，因为 Meta 不愿对其产品做出某些更改。对于许多州总检察长来说，这是无法接受的。

“我们提起这些诉讼是因为我们想要保护孩子，我们想要改革这些平台，”斯克雷梅蒂先生在一次采访中表示。强制平台做出改变“确实是这里最关键的部分”。

韦泽先生在采访中表示，每位总检察长都熟悉一个孩子因社交媒体而遭受伤害的案例。他补充道：“采取行动的共同承诺根植于我们所有人都能认同的痛苦，以及我们所有人心中存在的恐惧。”

谈判陷入僵局。但几周之内，Meta 就收到了一个关于未来潜在问题的严酷提醒。

一名被标识为 K.G.M. 的年轻女性在 1 月下旬开始的一场审判中出庭作证，指控社交媒体公司在平台上创建了诸如“无限滚动”之类的功能，导致她患上焦虑症和抑郁症。

被告方——Meta、Snap、TikTok 和 YouTube——在庭前听证会上辩称，由于第 230 条法律，该案件应被撤销。但洛杉矶县加州高等法院的法官卡罗琳·B·库尔（Carolyn B. Kuhl）裁定，此案涉及的是产品责任，而非言论问题。

这场为期五周的审判让 Meta 深感尴尬。扎克伯格先生首次在陪审团面前就儿童安全问题作证。他因允许数百万未成年用户使用 Instagram 而受到质询。那些声称孩子受到社交媒体伤害的家长们挤满了法庭。作为证据提交的内部文件显示，Meta 的员工将自己比作毒品贩子。

照片由 NOAH BERGER / 美联社 拍摄 在加利福尼亚州奥克兰举行的 Meta 审判期间，一些认为社交媒体影响导致其子女死亡的父母在法院外聚集。 保罗·W·施密特（Paul W. Schmidt，右），Meta 公司的律师，该公司于周三达成了一项 171 亿美元 billion 的结算协议。 香农·史蒂文森（Shannon Stevenson），科罗拉多州总检察长。科罗拉多州与加利福尼亚州、肯塔基州和新泽西州共同将 告上法庭。

随着 与加利福尼亚州、科罗拉多州、肯塔基州和新泽西州准备在今年夏天于美国加利福尼亚州北区联邦地区法院（位于奥克兰）进行审理，赌注变得越来越高。这些州指控 违反了消费者保护法和儿童隐私保护法，寻求约 2000 亿美元 billion 的罚款以及对该公司平台的修改。

与此同时，新墨西哥州总检察长正在州法院审理一起指控 违反消费者保护法的案件。

在 3 月的短短两天内， 在这两起案件中全部败诉。这些裁决引发了人们对未来审判可能造成的名誉损害的担忧。

斯克尔梅蒂先生（Mr. Skrmetti）以及几乎所有其他州的总检察长也分别提交了自己的诉讼。

但在持续的谈判中， 仍未能满足各州在安全功能方面的所有要求。

在奥克兰审判前夕， 做出了最后一次尝试以终止此案。该公司于 7 月 22 日请求美国第九巡回上诉法院撤销这些社交媒体成瘾案件，援引了第 230 条法律保护条款。

在 等待第九巡回法院的裁决时，马奥尼先生（Mr. Mahoney）带着他 190 亿美元 billion 的报价前往田纳西州。他离开时并未达成协议，但谈判仍在继续。

四名知情人士表示，8 月 10, 上诉法院做出了不利于 的裁决。突然之间，谈判速度加快了。一名知情人士表示，凭借新的筹码，各州开始在纳什维尔与 的律师进行面对面谈判，并通过视频通话进行每日磋商，以获得最终的让步。

作为协议的一部分，该公司同意采取更多安全措施。不断增加的平台变更清单包括：停止青少年用户的无限滚动，并对 Instagram 和 Facebook 的每日使用时间设定两小时上限。 还表示，将限制青少年在午夜至凌晨 6 点之间使用，并在上午 8 点至下午 3 点的学校时间段内静默通知。

提出，如果 TikTok 和 YouTube 等其他社交媒体公司同意对其应用程序实施类似的控制—— 表示这将使其免于被单独针对——那么 将支付更多款项，并提高年轻用户使用其平台的限额。

该公司希望避免进入审判阶段，并将其设定为一个条件，即所有州都必须签署协议。但五名了解对话情况的人士表示，在 8 月 11, 讨论拟议结算方案的视频通话中，一些州的总检察长询问金额是否足够以及将如何分配。

各州制定了一个公式，根据其人口规模以及每起案件中针对 的具体指控来分配资金。

两周前，在与 谈判期间，各州在奥克兰的案件进入审理阶段。周日，科罗拉多州和田纳西州的总检察长向其他州提交了一份最终结算协议。他们通过电子邮件发送了该文件，并指示在周二下午 6 点前签署。

当天，Instagram 负责人亚当·莫塞里（Adam Mosseri）在奥克兰出庭作证。各州传唤扎克伯格先生（Mr. Zuckerberg）出庭作证的计划迫在眉睫。

周二，除德克萨斯州、佛罗里达州和新墨西哥州外，所有州均签署了协议，审判随之结束。新墨西哥州此前已赢得诉讼，而 在周三与德克萨斯州达成了一项约 10 亿美元 billion 的结算，为年轻用户提供与多州协议类似的安全护栏。

“第230条条款和第一修正案并非让 Meta 免于承担责任的坚不可摧之盾，”加利福尼亚州总检察长罗布·邦塔（Rob Bonta）在周三与记者的电话会议中表示。各州达成的和解协议表明，这些法律在为“受到不当行为伤害的人民、儿童和家庭” “实现正义与问责”方面的能力是有限的。

马奥尼先生在周三的一份声明中表示，他为这项协议以及它赋予父母保护子女的权力感到自豪。

“但其成功取决于所有其他社交媒体平台是否能效仿 Meta 的做法，”他说道。

Meta 仍面临着由青少年、家庭和学区发起的数千起其他诉讼。下一场重大的人身伤害审判计划于 10 月在洛杉矶县加州高等法院审理。

Meta 表示，公司有信心赢得该案件。

进步派对众议院中东委员会选任亲以色列民主党人的决定表示不满

KENNY HOLSTON / THE NEW YORK TIMES 来自佛罗里达州的众议员贾里德·莫斯科维茨（Jared Moskowitz）被选为监督中东政策的小组委员会首席成员。

作者：安妮·卡尼（ANNIE KARNI）

华盛顿——在众议院领导层将一名公开支持以色列的民主党人任命为监督中东政策的关键委员会最高职位后，民主党内部引发了强烈反弹，这再次反映出该党在支持犹太国家问题上的严重分歧。

民主党人周二选择由来自佛罗里达州的众议员贾里德·莫斯科维茨担任外交事务委员会中东和北非小组委员会的首席成员。莫斯科维茨正面临一场艰苦的连任选举，他曾呼吁对以色列给予“坚定不移的支持”。即便在许多民主党人转向反对之时，莫斯科维茨依然支持美国继续向以色列提供援助，并激烈谴责那些批评犹太国家的人。此次选任意味着，如果民主党在11月赢得众议院控制权，莫斯科维茨将有资格领导该委员会。

领导层还将另外两名坚定支持以色列的民主党人——来自佛罗里达州的众议员黛比·瓦瑟曼·舒尔茨（Debbie Wasserman Schultz）和来自密苏里州的众议员卫斯理·贝尔（Wesley Bell）安置在该委员会。与莫斯科维茨一样，两人都得到了美国以色列公共事务委员会（AIPAC）的大力支持。

进步派立即谴责了这些举措，称其为“对形势缺乏感知”，并认为这表明民主党领导层未能意识到本党选民在以色列和加沙问题上的立场已经发生了转变。

“不要让那些与我们选民脱节的以色列鹰派来主导我们的中东政策，”来自加利福尼亚州的民主党众议员罗·康纳（Ro Khanna）在社交媒体上向党内领导层发出警告。

一些民主党人对此表示反驳，指出莫斯科维茨在南佛罗里达选区的民主党初选中，以压倒性优势击败了自称反犹太复国主义的进步派挑战者。

但另一些人则断言，这一举措与该党的基层立场严重脱节。

前总统巴拉克·奥巴马（Barack Obama）的高级外交政策顾问本杰明·J·罗兹（Benjamin J. Rhodes）在的一系列愤怒的帖子中写道，民主党人正“完全无视他们绝大多数的选民”，并补充说，他们“对战争罪行和选民担忧的漠视已如此之明显”。

《纽约时报》与锡耶纳学院（Siena）在5月进行的一项全国民调发现，74 percent的民主党选民反对向以色列提供额外的经济和军事支持；而皮尤研究中心（Pew Research Center）在4月的一项民调显示，8 in 10 民主党人及倾向于民主党的独立人士对以色列持负面看法。

这场风波凸显了民主党内部在支持以色列问题上的转变——支持以色列曾被视为任何想要在政坛有所发展的人的先决条件，但现在被党内许多人视为一个重大累赘。这也强化了即将到来的挑战

民调显示，越来越多的民主党人对以色列持负面看法。

这意味着纽约民主党人、少数党领袖哈基姆·杰弗里斯（Hakeem Jeffries）——如果他的政党赢得众议院，他将成为议长——在治理党团时将面临严峻挑战，因为以色列已成为党内主要的分歧点。

上个月，当杰弗里斯先生呼吁美国与以色列之间进行“重大重启”时，进步派将其视为一个积极信号，认为他在这一导致党内严重分裂的高优先级议题上，终于开始向他们的方向靠拢。

但莫斯科维茨（Moskowitz）先生的被选中似乎再次使他们感到被疏远。莫斯科维茨最初表示将反对一项旨在限制特朗普总统在伊朗战争权力的决议，随后才改变了主意。

穆斯林权益组织“美国-伊斯兰关系委员会”（Council on American-Islamic Relations）在一份声明中表示，任命莫斯科维茨先生是“对美国人民的侮辱，也是为了掩护以色列逃避问责的绝望尝试”。

该组织表示，绝大多数民主党人“希望将美国纳税人的资金花在国内，而不是用于轰炸海外的儿童”，并补充说，国会应该“反映美国人民的意愿，而不是 AIPAC 或本雅明·内塔尼亚胡那个种族主义、种族灭绝政府的愿望”。

杰弗里斯先生的一位发言人拒绝置评。

如果莫斯科维茨先生明年成为该小组委员会的主席，他将决定听证会的主题并选择证人，这些举措有助于界定议题并为关于以色列的辩论定调。进步派表示，他们担心由像莫斯科维茨先生这样的人领导该小组，将无法处理定居者暴力和加沙人道主义援助等问题。

尽管这次任命引起了进步派的愤怒，但众议院民主党高层认为，考虑到莫斯科维茨先生在选区重新划分后更偏向保守主义，面临着极具挑战性的连任竞选，这一举措在政治上是明智的。他们还指出，这在意识形态上与该小组目前的组织方式没有实质性变化。

目前中东小组委员会的民主党首席代表、加利福尼亚州众议员布拉德·舍曼（Brad Sherman）同样坚定地支持以色列。据两名熟悉该安排的人士透露，舍曼先生愿意应莫斯科维茨先生的要求放弃其职位；莫斯科维茨目前领导另一个小组委员会，但他表示此次变动将有助于他在连任竞选中争取支持以色列的犹太人。该委员会的民主党成员同意了这一变动。

一些温和派民主党人表示，对莫斯科维茨任命的抵制是由左翼制造的。

“民主党人是否在试图告诉其他民主党人，支持美以关系的人在领导岗位上是不受欢迎的——那么下一个是谁？”来自新泽西州的中间派民主党人、以色列坚定支持者乔什·戈特海默（Josh Gottheimer）众议员说道，“这是委员会主席的新敲门砖（litmus test）吗？莫斯科维茨的资历绰绰有余。”

他称进步派的愤怒是“选择性”的，且在政治上是误导性的。他指出，与此同时，党内许多人正在鼓励支持以色列的民主党人，让他们忍受对阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德（Abdul El-Sayed）的担忧，后者是密歇根州参议院提名人，也是以色列的激烈批评者。

“这次选举应该关注生活成本和特朗普的腐败，而他们却想把它变成关于犹太人和以色列的问题，”戈特海默先生说。

这一决定让倾向于中间派的民主党人和一些捐赠者感到欣慰，他们表示，这表明杰弗里斯先生不会允许党内被“美国民主社会主义者”（Democratic Socialists of America）的要求所掌控。

莫斯科维茨先生在社交媒体上明确感谢杰弗里斯先生赋予他“这一领导民主党中东政策的重要责任”。

第47任总统

左图，7月，联邦特工在纽约市的一家移民法院走廊内巡逻；右图，上周，示威者在康涅狄格州丹伯里的一家法院外集会。 TED SHAFFREY / 美联社

ICE逮捕人数激增，目标转向无犯罪记录人员

DAVID GUTTENFELDER / THE NEW YORK TIMES

一名抗议者于1月在明尼阿波利斯被捕。数据显示，自今年早些时候该地引发公众抗议以来，ICE的行动发生了转变。

大多数被捕者 于7月被指控 违反民事法规

作者：ALBERT SUN 和 ALLISON McCANN

今年夏天，移民逮捕人数激增，数千名此前并非特朗普总统大规模驱逐行动重点的人员被卷入其中。这些人包括与美国公民结婚的人、合法入境并寻求庇护的人，以及其他持有被政府推动撤销的临时合法身份的人。

一项对新公布的联邦数据的分析显示，7月份被捕的移民中，大多数是被指控违反民事移民法但未被指控或定罪犯罪的人。具有暴力犯罪定罪记录的人员比例下降至 4% 以下。

总体而言，移民逮捕人数创下历史新高，ICE在6月份逮捕了 43,000 人，7月份逮捕了 49,000 人。在德克萨斯州和缅因州发生的两起涉及美国移民海关执法局（ICE）特工的致命枪击事件引发了愤怒，但并未显著减缓逮捕步伐。

美国国土安全部的一位代表表示，政府正在履行逮捕和驱逐犯罪分子的承诺，任何非法留在该国的人都是执法目标。

新数据包含了截至 8 月 5 日的所有 ICE 逮捕详情，并最全面地展示了自公众强烈反对迫使该机构放弃今年早些时候在明尼阿波利斯采取的激进战术以来，其活动是如何转变的。该数据是由学术团体“驱逐数据项目”（Deportation Data Project）通过一项公共记录诉讼获得，并由《纽约时报》进行分析。

在今年春季获得任命后，国土安全部部长马克韦恩·马林（Markwayne Mullin）承诺将采取更低调但更有效的执法手段。目前，ICE 似乎比以往任何时候都更接近实现近期每日逮捕 2,000 人的目标。

“他们拥有更多的警员、更多的资金、更多的拘留空间、更多的当地合作伙伴以及更好的系统，”前 ICE 高级官员克莱尔·特里克勒-麦克纳尔蒂（Claire Trickler-McNulty）表示。“他们终于将所有碎片拼凑在一起，构建起这台驱逐机器。”

几乎每个州的移民逮捕人数都接近历史最高点。即使是人口稀少的蒙大拿州和佛蒙特州也出现了激增，逮捕率增加了一倍多。

但激增最明显的是佛罗里达州和德克萨斯州，这两个州拥有大量未经授权的移民人口，且领导层支持特朗普政府的打击行动。

ICE 在德克萨斯州每天逮捕超过 380 人，在佛罗里达州每天逮捕超过 230 人，这两个州每天的逮捕人数较春季均增加了 100 人以上。

尽管如此，逮捕人数的增加影响到了由共和党和民主党领导的各州。在纽泽西州和新墨西哥州，逮捕人数翻了一番，尽管这两个州今年都通过了限制政府与 ICE 合作的法律。

ICE 似乎通过几种方式刷新了逮捕记录：该机构雇用了数千名新特工——根据人事管理局的数据，员工人数在6月份增长至 29,000 人，而特朗普就职时约为 21,000 人。此外，它更加依赖州和地方执法合作伙伴。

ICE 迅速扩大了一项授权当地警察逮捕移民的计划。数据显示，通过这项被称为 287(g) 的计划被拘留的人员比例目前约为 14%。

数据显示，在特朗普先生任内，佛罗里达州通过该计划至少进行了 15,000 次逮捕，德克萨斯州则记录了近 10,000 次。但该计划在怀俄明州和西弗吉尼亚州等较小州显得尤为重要，因为美国移民海关执法局（ICE）在这些州的部署较为有限。这两个州中 287(g) 计划逮捕的人数占比目前均已超过 50 Percent。

在马林先生任职期间，被 ICE 拘留的人数最初有所下降，但随后缓慢回升。

该机构尚未实现其设定的 100,000 个拘留床位的目标，但随着今年秋季数个新拘留设施的启用——以及重启将仓库转换为拘留中心的计划之可能性——该机构似乎准备在明年大幅扩大拘留规模。

自去年夏天以来，每日平均驱逐人数远超 1,000 人，且有迹象表明驱逐速度正在加快。根据由“人权优先”（Human Rights First）运行的追踪项目“ICE 航班监测”（ICE Flight Monitor）显示，驱逐航班的数量从春季开始增加，并在 7 月达到了创纪录的至少 329 架出境航班。

法官裁定特朗普侵犯斯坦福大学外国学生权利

JIM WILSON / THE NEW YORK TIMES

此次裁决使《斯坦福日报》获得了胜利，该报此前表示其第一修正案权利受到了侵犯。

作者：CHRIS CAMERON

华盛顿 —— 加利福尼亚州的一名联邦法官裁定，特朗普政府在试图驱逐批评以色列在加沙战争的国际学生时，侵犯了这些学生的宪法权利。

在周五的一份长达 90 页的裁决书中，诺埃尔·怀斯（Noël Wise）法官发现，特朗普政府在逮捕和驱逐外国学生时所依赖的关键法律基础违宪，因为特朗普政府官员利用这些法律来针对那些利用言论自由表达政府不喜欢之观点的学生。

“在美国，”怀斯法官写道，“言论自由，包括批评政府及其领导人的自由，并非我们民主脆弱的迹象，而是其强大的证明。”

她写道：“当我们的社会成员——无论是公民还是非公民——必须进行自我审查并‘循规蹈矩’，否则将遭受政府报复时，这种力量就会被削弱。这种恶性循环与承认我们自由发言权利的宪法背道而驰。在这里，你可以同时厌恶一个人的言论内容，但热爱这个珍视允许此类言论自由的国家。”

怀斯法官由约瑟夫·R·拜登（Joseph R. Biden Jr.）总统任命为加利福尼亚州北区联邦地区法院法官。她实际上宣布，特朗普政府经常援引的一项移民法条款违反了第一和第五修正案，理由是该条款含义模糊，允许国务卿因受第一修正案保护的言论和其他活动而驱逐非公民。

发起此次诉讼的个人权利与表达基金会（Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression）首席监督律师康纳·菲茨帕特里克（Conor Fitzpatrick）对该裁决表示赞赏。

他在一份声明中表示：“今天的裁决证明，言论自由不是一种特权，而是每个男人、女人和孩子不可剥夺的权利。”

此次裁决继去年被特朗普政府针对的学生获得另一场法院胜利之后而出台。一名由罗纳德·里根（Ronald Reagan）总统任命的马萨诸塞州联邦法官在 9 月裁定，特朗普政府官员在旨在铲除校园激进主义的更广泛战略中违反了第一修正案。怀斯法官在很大程度上依赖于该法院的推理，该法院发现特朗普政府专门针对“亲巴勒斯坦和反以色列的言论，开展了一场旨在扼杀言论的报复行动”。

在加利福尼亚州，来自该言论自由组织的律师代表斯坦福大学的学生报纸《斯坦福日报》（The Stanford Daily）提起诉讼。他们辩称，该报的几名工作人员因担心政府会对发表的内容进行报复，而被被迫进行自我审查或辞职。

在提交给法院的文件中，这家向所有学生开放且拥有 150 多名成员的报纸表示，它已经经历了非公民成员的辞职以及撤回报道，因为这些成员担心发表—。

批评以色列而面临驱逐出境的威胁被裁定为违宪。

ing 关于以色列或加沙状况的内容可能会使他们面临被驱逐出境的风险。

诉讼中所描述的斯坦福大学这种恐惧氛围，是在去年一系列逮捕行动之后形成的。当时，特朗普政府开始针对学生活动人士，包括马哈茂德·哈利勒（Mahmoud Khalil）和鲁梅萨·奥兹图尔克（Rumeysa Ozturk），原因是他们公开反对以色列政府以及加沙不断上升的死亡人数。

在这些及其他案件中，国务卿马可·鲁比奥（Marco Rubio）援引了被质疑的条款，认定这些学生对美国外交政策利益构成威胁，随后移民局特工逮捕了这些学生。在每起案件中，鲁比奥先生在认定相关利益受到威胁后，亲自签署了撤销学生签证或将合法永久居民判定为可驱逐出境的决定。

特朗普推崇的加油站卷入付款纠纷诉讼

作者：杰苏斯·希门尼斯（JESUS JIMÉNEZ）

上个月，特朗普政府推广了一家在东北地区降低价格的加油站连锁店，理由是“他们热爱美国”。现在，一项新诉讼称，该加油站销售的部分燃料来自一家从未付款的经销商。

特朗普总统在7月表示，这家名为“自由燃料网络”（Freedom Fuel Network）的加油站连锁店降低了费城地区 25 家加油站的油价。但本月在联邦法院提起的一项诉讼称，“自由燃料网络”之所以能够以较低价格销售汽油，是因为部分燃料源自一家未支付油费的经销商。

该诉讼由总部位于佐治亚州的曼斯菲尔德能源公司（Mansfield Energy）对总部位于新泽西州的 KRSM 公司及其总裁赛义德·卡兹米（Syed Kazmi）提起。诉讼称，从 5 月 21 到 7, KRSM 从宾夕法尼亚州的一个燃料供应终端提取了 1100 万 加仑的燃料，价值近 400万美元。

随后，诉讼称 KRSM 将这些燃料出售给属于“自由燃料网络”的加油站，使其能够以低于竞争对手的价格销售汽油。

“KRSM 之所以能够以如此低的价格销售此类燃料并获得如此大的关注，是因为它从未

一家公司声称其供应的燃料从未收到款项。

“KRSM从未向原告支付此类燃料的费用，”诉讼称。

代表曼斯菲尔德（Mansfield）的律师乌尔斯·布罗德里克·富勒（Urs Broderick Furrer）在一份声明中表示，卡兹米（Kazmi）先生已从曼斯菲尔德的账户中提取了燃料。

“尽管最后一次交付已在五周前，但KRSM尚未支付其欠曼斯菲尔德的 $4,000,000 中的任何 1 分钱，”富勒先生说道。富勒先生表示，其中部分汽油被交付至自由燃料网络（Freedom Fuel Network）网站上列出的至少 10 个地点。该诉讼未将自由燃料网络列为被告，也未详细说明从KRSM接收的未付款燃料具体数量。

代表卡兹米先生的律师毛罗·图奇（Mauro Tucci）在电子邮件中表示：“KRSM对本案中的指控持有异议，这是一起关于曼斯菲尔德石油公司（Mansfield Oil）定价错误的燃料发票会计纠纷。”

根据诉讼，由于数据错误，曼斯菲尔德直到7月初才收到向KRSM发送发票所需的信息。诉讼称，在发票出现一些差异后，曼斯菲尔德于7月下旬向KRSM的账户提交了汇票请求，随后被其银行告知KRSM拒绝了这些汇票。

诉讼称，在7月下旬至8月初与曼斯菲尔德的电话沟通中，卡兹米先生表示KRSM将支付燃料费用，但目前尚未收到款项。

诉讼并未详细说明卡兹米先生与自由燃料网络的关系，也未说明该网络的拥有者是谁。7月份向美国专利商标局提交的一项商标申请中，并未列出自由燃料网络的拥有者。

“政府与被告KRSM公司或赛义德·卡兹米（Sayed Kazmi）没有任何接触或交易，”一名白宫发言人表示。

特朗普总统在7月 1 日于Truth Social上发布的一篇帖子中表示，油价正在下跌，但“没有像应该那样快”。特朗普先生表示，在7月 4 日假期之前，自由燃料网络计划降低大费城地区 25 家加油站的油价。

“这家零售商正在发挥引领作用，其他人应该效仿，”特朗普先生说。“他们这样做是因为他们热爱美国。”

特朗普政府没有就自由燃料网络旗下的加油站为何能以较低成本销售汽油提供进一步解释。7月 7, 白宫在社交媒体上发布了一段在自由燃料网络加油站拍摄的视频，该站位于费城，汽油售价为每加仑 $3.47，而那一周费城的汽油价格达到了每加仑 $3.99。

不到两周后，随着与伊朗的战争重新燃起，全美平均油价达到了每加仑 $4, 根据美国汽车协会（AAA）的数据，昨天的全美平均油价为每加仑 $4.08,。

2023, 年，德克萨斯州的一项裁决宣布米非普利酮（mifepristone）非法，当时在阿马里洛（Amarillo）有堕胎权抗议者。 MERIDITH KOHUT 为《纽约时报》拍摄

最高法院外。为了获取跨性别医疗记录，官员们尝试在德克萨斯州寻求突破。 RHIANNON ADAM 为《纽约时报》拍摄

德克萨斯州的一家联邦法院一直可靠地助力特朗普的议程

U.S. COURTS / HANDOUT VIA REUTERS 里德·奥康纳（Reed O'Connor）法官去年成为了德克萨斯州北区（联邦法院）的首席法官。左下：参议员查克·舒默（Chuck Schumer）和其他民主党人在 2018, 年支持《平价医疗法案》，同年奥康纳法官宣布该法案无效。最高法院随后推翻了该裁决。右下：肯·帕克斯顿（Ken Paxton）曾参与在该法官审理的案件。

LAWRENCE JACKSON 为《纽约时报》拍摄 CHRISTOPHER LEE 为《纽约时报》拍摄

来自 A1 页

那里有更多由特朗普任命的法官，但极少有法院像德克萨斯州北区那样分配案件。而且，大多数地区都不在美国第五巡回上诉法院的管辖范围内，而该法院被广泛认为是美国最保守的上诉法院，负责审理来自德克萨斯州、路易斯安那州和密西西比州的上诉案件。

多年来，保守派利益团体和德克萨斯州总检察长办公室一直在德克萨斯州北区提起诉讼，利用该地区异常的案件分配规则。现在，随着特朗普先生重新执政，奥康纳法官所在的地区也成为了美国司法部的目的地。

美国司法部的一位发言人拒绝就这一做法发表评论。奥康纳法官未回应置评请求。

今年，奥康纳法官接连废除了拜登时代关于“幽灵枪”和移民法院的规定。他还发布了数项快速指令，允许特朗普政府与那些实际上似乎与联邦政府意识形态目标一致的反对者达成广泛的法律和解。

法律学者多年来一直强调，民主党政府和相关州也利用过那些自由派法官高度集中的地区。但许多人将更为普遍的“挑选法院”（forum shopping）——即在法官群体被普遍认为较为友好的地区提起诉讼——与实际上直接向某位特定法官提起诉讼的行为区分开来。

佛罗里达大西洋大学的政治学教授凯文·瓦格纳（Kevin Wagner）表示，德克萨斯州在选择审理地方面的精准度极不寻常，已经达到了诉讼当事人不仅能获得一个“有利”的审理地，甚至能获得一个“可预测”的审理地的程度。

就在该政府谴责其他法官越权的同时，它正努力将具有全国性影响的重大案件提交给奥康纳法官审理。

美国司法部官员和国会中的共和党人习惯于将行使过多单方面权力的初审法院法官称为“违规法官”。但特朗普支持者关于司法越权的这些批评，很少针对那些发布支持其议程的广泛裁决的法官。

退休联邦法官、哈佛法学院讲师南希·格特纳（Nancy Gertner）表示，通过地理位置而非随机抽签来分配重大案件“损害了公正的形象”。她一直对特朗普政府持批评态度。她表示，政治部门近期对司法公信力的攻击，使得“案件分配标准的公平性变得更加重要”。

判决尺度

2016年，他废除了由奥巴马政府制定的一项指导方针，该方针指示学校允许跨性别学生使用与其性别认同一致的洗手间。在一项阻止该规定在全国范围内实施的裁决中，他认定任何包含“性别的定义包括性别认同”的政府指导方针均为非法。

奥康纳法官现年61岁，曾任联邦检察官，在2007年被提名担任法官之前曾担任国会助手。他已成为一个可靠的怀疑论者，经常质疑那些违背保守主义正统观念的联邦行动。2015年，他发布命令阻止同性伴侣享受带薪家庭假，并废除了一个始于1960年代的禁止州际手枪销售的禁令。

2018年，奥康纳法官宣布《平价医疗法案》全部失效，理由是该法律等同于一种非法税收。甚至一些保守派学者也将该裁决描述为过度扩张，最高法院随后以7比2的投票结果将其推翻。

近年来，最高法院驳回了奥康纳法官的其他裁决，包括一项限制枪支监管的裁决，以及另一项由他宣布联邦法律在原住民儿童收养中优先考虑原住民家庭为违宪的裁决。

奥康纳法官出生于德克萨斯州，毕业于休斯顿大学，并于1989年获得南德克萨斯法律学院（South Texas College of Law Houston）的法学学位。

他曾在德克萨斯州北区联邦地区法院担任助理美国检察官近十年，并于2003年被司法部派遣担任参议院司法委员会的法律顾问，为来自犹他州的共和党参议员、该委员会主席奥林·哈奇（Orrin Hatch）提供建议。2005年，他被派往协助一个与移民相关的分委员会，此次是在来自德克萨斯州的共和党参议员约翰·科宁（John Cornyn）麾下工作。

“在整个法律职业生涯和担任联邦法官期间，奥康纳法官始终公正判决，以帮助维护我们独立的司法体系并捍卫我们的宪法，德克萨斯州因此而受益，”科宁先生在的一份声明中表示。

在奥康纳法官2007年的确认听证会上，来自罗德岛州的参议员谢尔顿·怀特豪斯（Sheldon Whitehouse）对那些他认为在伪装独立、实则做出符合其所谓“政治正统”裁决的法官提名人表示担忧。

对此，奥康纳法官表示，他将追随那些“仅忠于宪法”且“根据案件实际情况进行裁决”的法官之脚步。

一个熟悉的法官席

奥康纳法官最近的显赫地位，与德克萨斯州北区联邦地区法院分配案件的方式密切相关。

奥康纳法官目前是德克萨斯州威奇托福尔斯（Wichita Falls）唯一的联邦法官，审理该分庭受理的所有案件。他还负责沃思堡（Fort Worth）分庭的案件，在该分庭，他曾一度是唯一的法官。

所有在阿比林（Abilene）、拉伯克（Lubbock）和圣安杰洛（San Angelo）分庭提交的案件，均由另一位特朗普任命的法官詹姆斯·卫斯理·亨德里克斯（James Wesley Hendrix）审理。而另一位特朗普任命的法官——马修·J·卡克斯马里克（Matthew J. Kacsmaryk）法官——则处理阿马里洛（Amarillo）分庭的所有案件。2023年，在一家反堕胎组织在卡克斯马里克法官所在的辖区注册公司并在几个月后提起诉讼后，卡克斯马里克法官就堕胎药物米非普利酮（mifepristone）的合法性做出了一项著名的不利裁决。

密西西比大学政治学副教授迈尔斯·T·阿马利（Miles T. Armaly）在5月共同撰写了一项关于“挑选法官”（judge shopping）的研究，他表示，该地区法院的权力和受欢迎程度与其在第五巡回法院管辖下的地位有关，而第五巡回法院维持了奥康纳法官多项最具争议的裁决。

即便如此，该巡回法院在审查其他案件方面已抢在最高法院之前，包括针对拜登时代手枪枪托（pistol brace）监管条例的裁决，以及埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）的社交媒体平台X与自由派监督组织Media Matters之间的纠纷。

阿马利先生表示，即使在最高法院去年做出限制单个法官在全国范围内拦截联邦政策的决定之后，对于政治目标延伸至辖区之外的诉讼当事人来说，单法官分庭仍然是一个重要的工具。

他说，针对全国性禁令的新限制“从工具箱中拿走了一个工具，但建设工程的目标依然没变”。

特别是在第二任特朗普政府期间，第五巡回法院还成为了争议裁决的输送管道，迫使最高法院不得不越来越多地对其进行理顺。它同时也是被撤销裁决次数最多的上诉法院。

密苏里大学法学院副教授亚历山大·古祖莱斯（Alexander Gouzoules）表示，德克萨斯州多种因素的结合，使得诉讼当事人能够选择一名观点明确的法官并能通过上诉审查，这在过去十年中日益鼓励那些寻求“极端结果”的人在此提起诉讼。

他说：“这些问题中的任何一个可能单独解决。但当它们结合在一起时，会对产生的不稳定结果产生一种指数级效应。”

单法官分庭引发了跨党派的抱怨。

2021年，一份关于专利申请的报告指出，全国20%的专利诉讼被引导至德克萨斯州西区的一名法官手中。这项研究促使北卡罗来纳州的共和党参议员汤姆·蒂利斯（Thom Tillis）和佛蒙特州的民主党参议员帕特里克·利希（Patrick Leahy）写信要求审查；他们的担忧随后被首席大法官约翰·G·罗伯茨（John G. Roberts Jr.）引用。

抱怨声如此之大，以至于在2024年3月，美国司法会议（Judicial Conference of the United States，联邦司法系统的行政和政策制定机构）通过了新的非约束性政策指南，建议司法区在涉及具有全国影响的重大联邦政策时，随机分配案件。

联邦法院行政办公室负责人罗伯特·J·康拉德（Robert J. Conrad Jr.）法官在一次公告中表示：“随机分配案件的政策可以遏制‘挑选法官’的行为。它促进了诉讼程序的公正性，并增强了公众对联邦司法系统的信心。”

拟议的变更在德克萨斯州并未受到欢迎。

两周后，时任北区首席法官大卫·C·戈德比（David C. Godbey）宣布，该区的法官们已经开会并决定不采用这一变更。

奥康纳法官在同年晚些时候的一次面向保守派联邦主义学会（Federalist Society）的演讲中也发表了看法，谴责司法会议的建议是对其辖区的攻击。

他抱怨称，该会议的评论是虚伪的，因为他们批评约瑟夫·R·拜登总统领导下的司法部是“频繁的法院购物者”。他感叹司法会议的决定是向来自“所谓评论员和民选政治官员”的“外部政治批评”低头，并称这些人意在“削弱司法机构”。

“不要对此产生误解：这种压力依然存在，”他说。“它始终是一个压力源，且短期内不会减轻。”

今年，双方互换了角色。在获得特朗普支持并竞选德克萨斯州参议员的帕克斯顿先生，于6月在威奇托福尔斯起诉联邦政府，起因是一项2024年拜登时代的规定，该规定允许移民法官暂停部分驱逐出境程序。由白宫高级顾问、特朗普大部分移民政策的架构师斯蒂芬·米勒共同创立的组织“美国优先法律”（America First Legal）协助代表德克萨斯州出庭。

一日令

随着特朗普先生重返白宫，该政府多次将关键事项提交至奥康纳法官管辖的部门。

同样，双方在意识形态上保持一致，但在诉讼形式上处于对立面。他们共同提交了一项协议，取消了移民法官在某些情况下阻止驱逐出境的自由裁量权。在诉讼提交当天，奥康纳法官签署了一份简短命令，批准了该和解协议。

去年夏天，司法部在威奇托福尔斯起诉了德克萨斯州，在那里，奥康纳法官处理所有案件。该诉讼挑战了一项德州首创的法律，该法律允许无证学生享受州内学费标准。德州立法者近年来曾试图废除这项于2011年以两党共识通过的法规，但未能成功。

但奥康纳法官在当天就批准了和解协议，接受了一个存在争议的观点，即这项已有20年历史的法律是“无效的”。第五巡回法院去年拒绝阻止该和解协议，但尚未对一组个人和非营利组织提交的上诉做出最终裁决。

相反，共和党籍德州总检察长、特朗普先生的亲密盟友肯·帕克斯顿并未努力捍卫该法律，而是与司法部合作，起草了一份仓促的法律协议以将其废除。外部团体认为，拟议的协议是对法院系统的滥用，因为联邦政府和德克萨斯州处于同一阵线。

“卑劣手段”

在医院传票一案中，罗德岛州的一个政府机构提起了一项新诉讼，请求罗德岛联邦法院停止来自德克萨斯州的州外要求。

在审视一系列事件后，罗德岛联邦地区法院法官玛丽·麦克埃尔罗伊谴责了司法部，指责其律师在进行一场“旨在获取跨性别儿童医疗记录的十字军东征”，并且为了“一个司法部认为对其政治立场友好的遥远法庭”而逃离她的法院。

在一次听证会上，她将这种将案件“购物”到德州的策略描述为“卑劣手段”（dirty pool），并批准了撤销传票的动议。

司法部告诉她，将调查设在北德克萨斯州有充分理由。5月，奥康纳法官裁定，罗德岛医院将文件直接交给其本人是“必要且审慎的”，以防司法部在复杂的诉讼结束时最终胜诉。

罗德岛的一家上诉法院目前听从了奥康纳法官的裁决。上诉案的口头辩论定于10月举行。与此同时，医院已开始移交记录，并指出这将需要“数月时间”。

在麦克埃尔罗伊法官看来，操纵这种结果正是司法部最初将案件移交给德州北区的原因。

“你们选择了德克萨斯的奥康纳法官，”她在5月的法庭上对一名司法部律师说道，“我们就承认这一点吧。”

更多国家新闻见 A16 页。

美国人现在携带武器不仅是为了进入森林，也是为了去商店。

《纽约时报》

美国与枪支之间发生了某种变化

哈雷尔·沙皮拉（Harel Shapira）

德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校社会学副教授，即将出版的著作《基础手枪：在美国因枪而生，因枪而死》（Basic Pistol: Living and Dying by the Gun in America）的作者。

在新冠疫情期间，我的父亲告诉我他正考虑买一把枪。和许多美国人一样，他感觉到一种模糊但强烈的预感，认为社会秩序正处于崩溃边缘。他每晚看到的新闻里充斥着医院满床、超市货架空空如也、汽油短缺以及“黑人的命也是命”（Black Lives Matter）抗议活动演变为暴力的报道。我的父亲已经失去了对政府和警察保护能力的信任。他越来越恐惧自己的美国同胞。

亚历克西斯·博克莱尔（ALEXIS BEAUCLAIR）

乍一看，我的父亲似乎是最不可能想要枪的人。他是犹太人，一名移民，一个政治立场自由的城市居民。他从小接触的环境中没有枪。最重要的是，他认为美国需要更严格的枪支管制法律。事实上，在很多场合，我的父亲曾称枪支持有者为疯子。但我此前五年一直在研究美国的枪支文化，我亲眼看到，我父亲的这种立场并非那么罕见。

我参加的第一堂枪械课程是在德克萨斯州中部的一个偏远地区。我原以为自己会被一群来自德州众多红色郊区或乡村小镇的男人包围。然而，我们全部七个人都是从奥斯汀——这个州的自由派堡垒——驱车两小时赶来的。更让我惊讶的是：其中四名学生是女性。

他们出现在那里都是因为担心自己的安全。这些学生似乎并不想学习如何开枪；而是觉得他们别无选择，必须学习如何开枪。而在全国范围内，像他们这样的人更多。

在过去的四分之一个世纪里，美国持有枪支的人数比例基本保持稳定，但人们持有枪支的原因发生了显著变化。直到 1990 年代后期，人们购买枪支主要是为了狩猎或运动。然而，在 2023, （目前有统计数据的最近一年），超过 70% 的枪支持有者表示，他们持有枪支的一个主要原因是保护。美国人现在携带武器不再是为了进入森林，而是为了去杂货店或去学校接孩子。

这些枪支持有者正成为一个日益多样化的群体。在 2021 和 2024, 1120 万 美国人首次购买了枪支。其中近一半是女性，五分之一是黑人，另有五分之一是西班牙裔，这比过去的枪支持有者更接近全国的人口结构。2000, 只有三分之一的美国人认为家里有枪能让人更安全。如今，持有这一观点的人数几乎翻了一番——成为了绝大多数。

随着持有枪支的人数和人口结构的扩大，我们以自卫名义杀死他人的法律权利也随之扩大。从历史上看，美国人在无需撤退的情况下使用致命武力的权利仅限于在自家住宅内自卫。但自 2005 以来，“原地不动”（stand your ground）法律将这一权利扩展到大多数公共场所，并在全国范围内普及。在我家乡德克萨斯州，如果你认为有必要阻止他人实施性侵或抢劫等其他犯罪，你可以杀死对方。德州还允许你为了追回对方偷走的东西而杀死对方，只要你“合理地认为”这是追回财物的唯一方法。

在我的枪械训练过程中，教练们教导我们，只有在认为自己或亲人的生命处于危险之中，且击毙“坏人”是唯一可行方案时才能开枪。他们似乎在建议克制——但他们列举的危及生命的场景清单，比我之前能想到的任何清单都要长得多。至于克制开火，我得到的理由很少是为了避免犯下可怕的错误或挽救生命，而更多是为了让自己免于承担扣动扳机后可能引发的调查和法律诉讼所带来的经济成本、时间成本和压力。

左翼的研究人员和政治家经常引用统计数据，表明枪支并不能让人们更安全，或者美国城市实际上比长期以来任何时候都更安全。客观地说，这些统计数据是正确的。研究表明，枪支拥有率较高的州，枪支暴力水平通常也较高；与有枪的人同住一屋檐下的女性面临更高的暴力风险；获得枪支会大大增加自杀的风险，而自杀是枪击死亡的主要原因。

这些研究人员和政治家似乎没有意识到——但我的枪械教练肯定意识到了——人们体验世界的方式并非通过统计数据。他们处理风险和安全感的方式不像计算机那样。

拥有枪支是一种情感选择，而如今，对于越来越多的美国人来说，这感觉像是一种赋权。在混乱的世界中，这感觉像是重新夺回控制权。

这是一种将安全视为个人责任而非公共利益的愿景。政治右翼可能率先达到了这一认知，但左翼也迅速跟上了。在上次总统选举期间，是卡玛拉·哈里斯而非唐纳德·特朗普特意提到她拥有一把格洛克手枪，并且如果有人闯入她的家，她将毫不犹豫地向其开枪。

近距离观察这一切让我产生了一些想法，作为一名自由派学者，我曾经认为这些想法是不可思议的。我仍然认为人们获取枪支的难度应该增加，但令我惊讶的是，我现在同意美国全国步枪协会（N.R.A.）的观点，即政治左翼过于关注监管。

几十年来，N.R.A.一直说：“枪杀不了人，人杀人。”这通常是指那些冷酷地实施谋杀的罪犯或大规模枪击者——即“持有枪支的坏人”。这个口号暗示问题不在于这个罪犯手中的武器，而在于这个人的心态、他的意图，以及产生这种心态的暴力与无法无天的文化。

毫无疑问，N.R.A.这么说并非出于善意。它并没有游说旨在减轻贫困的政策，尽管经济绝望会破坏社区并将人们推向犯罪活动；它也没有游说以改善心理健康服务的获取，而这本可以帮助预防自杀。解决这两个因素中的任何一个，都能在不触碰第二修正案哪怕一毫米的情况下，在减轻枪支暴力方面发挥巨大作用。该组织仅仅是试图将审查的目光从枪支、该组织及其支持的政治家和企业身上移开。

但 N.R.A. 说得对，要理解枪支暴力，我们需要将目光投向枪支之外。目前来看，限制人们获取枪支在政治上是行不通的。那么，与其将枪支持有者病理化，或告诉他们不应该被允许拥有武器，如果我们关注更广泛的社会条件和文化背景，看看是什么让人们——包括坏人和好人——感到绝望到想要自杀，或者恐惧到认为必须准备好杀人才能生存，结果会如何？

我的父亲最终没有买枪，部分原因在于我们之间的一次谈话。我首先倾听他的担忧，并认真对待。我没有对他颐指气使，也没有告诉他他是错的。但我们讨论了新闻媒体如何经常夸大暴力犯罪的普遍性，并探讨了更简单的安全保障策略。这让他感到更有能力，更有掌控感。

我还告诉他，在我对枪支持有者的研究中，我遇到过许多为了获得安全感和掌控感而选择持有枪支的人，但结果却适得其反。他们开始更加敏锐地关注危险，并且在比以前更多的场所察觉到危险。

对于一个持有武器的人来说，世界看起来越危险，他们可能就觉得需要拥有更多的武器。透过枪准星的狭窄视野，危险看起来像是一个无底洞，而安全永远触不可及。

中国刚刚通过了一项重大考验

米卡尔·梅丹 (Michal Meidan)

牛津能源研究所在中国能源研究领域的负责人。

当伊朗战争在2月下旬爆发时，中国看起来十分脆弱。作为全球最大的原油进口国，中国近年来的—— 中国近年来的消费有 70% 以上依赖进口，其中约一半来自中东。在美国扰乱委内瑞拉全球石油流动数月后，霍尔木兹海峡被封锁，这似乎让中国领导人面临他们最大的战略恐惧之一：一场他们无法控制的、具有毁灭性的石油冲击。

相反，特朗普总统对伊朗的战争反而成了中国的一次意外收获。中国吸收了现代 era, 中最严重的石油供应中断之一，证明了多年的准备已经减轻了一个巨大的漏洞，以及在地理政治对抗中美国可能用来制约北京的潜在杠杆。

中国在 1993, 年之前在石油方面是自给自足的，随后其蓬勃发展的经济导致需求升级，使其变成了净进口国。在接下来的几年里，石油进口量激增，促使胡锦涛主席在 2003 年发出警告，称敌对势力可能会试图控制马六甲海峡——这条位于东南亚的海上通道承载了该国大部分进口石油。

北京对此采取了广泛的战略以减少这种风险。它使供应来源多样化，以限制来自中东的石油份额，并开始建立目前估计为全球最大的原油储备，其规模大致相当于美国和日本的总和。中国积极推动乘用车从化石燃料转向电力，使其成为目前全球最大的电动汽车市场，并且正在将这一努力扩展到卡车领域。发电几乎完全依赖国内能源，如煤炭、核能、水电，以及日益增加的风能和太阳能。

这一长期战略在伊朗战争中经历了一次现实世界的压力测试——而且到目前为止，它通过了考验。

霍尔木兹海峡的供应中断推高了油价。但与 2021 年中国煤炭短缺、政府指示进口商紧急确保能源供应时不同，这次政府并没有按下恐慌按钮。随着进口商削减采购，流入中国的石油量骤减。该国依靠其储备，同时限制运输燃料的出口以确保国内供应。更高的燃料价格似乎还

北京应对伊朗战争石油冲击的能力，标志着其作为能源强国的崛起。

促使许多中国驾驶员转向使用公共交通、出租车或网约车，其中大部分由电力驱动。

结果是，虽然亚洲一些政府被迫采取配给燃料、提高价格和削减公共服务等痛苦的紧急措施，但中国经济并未受到实质性干扰。中国在全球石油市场上的采购克制也缓解了价格压力，使世界免于遭受更大规模的石油冲击，而且讽刺的是，通过减轻美国加油站的压力，缓解了特朗普先生在国内面临的政治后果。

中国应对伊朗战争石油供应中断的能力令许多人感到惊讶。但其实不应如此；这正是政府多年来准备应对的情况。中国领导层将能源视为与工业、技术和军事实力相当的国家和地缘政治权力来源。2021年，他们号召中国成为一个“能源强国”——减少对化石燃料的依赖，但仍能为经济提供充足且可靠的电力。甚至在2月份战争开始之前，由共产党控制的媒体就表示，实现这一目标对于中国在“大国竞争中争取主动权”至关重要——这显然是指在先进制造业、数据中心和人工智能等耗电行业与美国的竞争。

中国今年通过的最新能源计划反映了这一雄心。该计划要求发展更多可再生能源，以及核能和水电，同时保留长期作为中国电力系统支柱的煤炭，将其作为关键的底线保障。该国还在大规模投资建设新的输电线路，将电力从资源丰富地区输送到需要的城市和工厂，并投资于电池和其他存储能力以及电网升级，以保持电力供应稳定。

美国自身也拥有巨大的能源优势。它仍然是世界上无可匹敌的石油和天然气强国，拥有丰富的国内供应、大规模的加工和出口能力以及庞大的战略储备。但其电力系统正难以跟上新一波耗电产业迅速增长的需求。

几十年来，石油杠杆似乎掌握在控制供应的国家手中——欧佩克（OPEC）、俄罗斯和其他主要出口国，以及美国的页岩油生产商——它们可以通过收紧或放开阀门来影响价格。霍尔木兹海峡危机表明，中国正在成为一种新型的能源强国：一个规模如此之大的石油进口国，以至于能够影响全球油价并抵御外部干扰。

中国对进口石油的依赖依然严重，但能源的地缘政治正在从控制石油流动转向控制电气化工业系统。中国在这一转型中拥有明显的先发优势，这增强了其在与美国的工业和战略竞争中的筹码。

这不过是换了名字的掠夺

弗朗西斯科·贝尔尊萨（Francisco Berzunza） 一名墨西哥历史学家。

ROB FARMER

墨西哥城

今年春天，数十万名参观墨西哥城现代艺术博物馆的游客在一次临时展览中，感受到了弗里达·卡罗（Frida Kahlo）2. 两幅杰作的炽热情感：一幅是《心中的迭戈》（Diego on My Mind），画中卡罗的额头上印着迭戈·里维拉（Diego Rivera）的肖像，宛如第三只眼；另一幅是《与猴子的自画像》（Self-Portrait With Monkeys），展现了她被四只猴子环绕在茂密热带植物丛中的样子。

对于墨西哥人来说，这是一个在本土欣赏这两幅名画的罕见机会。大约二十年来，这些作品大多处于隐匿状态或在海外展出。展览结束后不久，这两幅“弗里达”便登上了前往西班牙的飞机——且不清楚何时才会永久回归。

这些画作，以及里维拉、鲁菲诺·塔马约（Rufino Tamayo）、何塞·克莱门特·奥罗斯科（José Clemente Orozco）等其他帮助定义墨西哥现代视觉认同的艺术家的作品，均属于盖尔曼收藏（Gelman Collection）。这或许是世界上最伟大的20世纪墨西哥艺术私人收藏。

今年早些时候，西班牙桑坦德银行（Santander）宣布已接管这些画作的长期管理权，并将把它们移至西班牙的一个文化中心。尽管墨西哥的遗产法旨在将具有重大文化重要性的作品留在国内，但这一消息在墨西哥引起了轩然大波。

关于这些无价之宝的争端——它们应该留在哪里以及谁有权接触它们——实际上是一场关于文化遗产和国家主权的斗争，而墨西哥政府似乎已经放弃了这场斗争。相反，我与其他的艺术家、学者、律师和记者一直在努力争取让这批收藏留在它所属的地方。

我属于那样一代墨西哥人，我们在成长过程中产生了“弗里达·卡罗疲劳”，厌倦了看到她的脸被贴在到处的地方：钥匙扣上、马克杯上、许愿蜡烛上。她似乎不属于我们，而更属于那些更热爱她的外国人。随后，在2010年，我在柏林偶然看到了一场她的回顾展，在那里我第一次见到了她的盖尔曼系列画作。我从未亲眼见过这些作品，它们极其非凡。我意识到卡罗根本没有变得陌生；她只是将自己以及一个国家绘制在了世界舞台上。随着她变得具有普世价值，墨西哥人也随之变得具有普世价值。

但尽管名声显赫，卡罗的创作量并不多：她仅创作了大约200件作品，其中约一半在墨西哥，而仅有极少数由墨西哥国家所有。意识到其国家重要性，1984年的一项总统令试图通过将留在墨西哥的少数卡罗作品指定为艺术纪念碑并禁止其永久出口，从而保障公众的访问权。与其他受保护的作品一样，它们只能临时离开该国。

其中近20幅卡罗作品最终进入了盖尔曼收藏。雅克·盖尔曼（Jacques Gelman）和娜塔莎·盖尔曼（Natasha Gelman）在第二次世界大战的动荡中从欧洲逃亡到墨西哥，在20世纪30年代和40年代弗里达与迭戈名声最盛的墨西哥电影黄金时代，通过制作电影积累了财富。随着这对夫妇与他们成为好友，盖尔曼夫妇购买了他们的作品，将其加入到不断扩大的个人收藏中，很快就涵盖了数百幅绘画、素描等作品。

盖尔曼夫妇显然将该收藏的未来设想为公共性质。考虑到其国家意义，盖尔曼女士在遗嘱中规定，该收藏必须保持完整，并可在墨西哥的博物馆或文化中心向公众开放。当她在1998年去世时，其遗嘱执行人、美国策展人罗伯特·利特曼（Robert Littman）发表了一份声明，在声明中他承认自己有责任确保该收藏“在墨西哥的一家机构中完整展出，具体机构有待确定”。

但在利特曼先生的监督下，并在历任墨西哥政府的协助下，这批藏品反而开启了一系列主要在国际上举行的展览，并为利特曼先生建立的一个基金会创造了收入。多年来，卡罗的知名度持续增长，这批藏品也继续获得全球认可——以及市场价值。在关于盖尔曼女士生命末期精神状态以及其最终遗愿是否得到妥善执行的质疑中，利特曼先生陷入了一系列围绕该藏品的法律纠纷。（这些纠纷最终以对他有利的结果解决。利特曼先生的律师未回应置评请求。）

随后，在1月份的公告中，桑坦德银行透露其将管理该藏品的一部分，包括10件卡罗

墨西哥部分最伟大的艺术作品正被一家外国银行持有。

这些画作据称已于2023.年出售给来自北部城市蒙特雷的房地产开发商马塞洛·赞布拉诺（Marcelo Zambrano）。其余藏品的下落不明。

根据桑坦德银行（Santander）与赞布拉诺家族达成的协议，这些作品将作为赞布拉诺先生一项价值至少$150 million贷款的抵押品，并将在桑坦德基金会位于西班牙的新博物馆中进行“永久但动态”的展出，而那里距离这些作品的故乡隔着一片大洋。（桑坦德基金会在一份声明中表示，该安排“完全符合墨西哥法律”。）一些墨西哥有史以来最伟大的艺术作品，正字面意义上地被一家外国银行作为担保品持有。

更令人震惊的事实是，负责保护此类纪念物的墨西哥政府竟然促成了这次操作。就在银行批准贷款的前一天，墨西哥国家美术与文学学院的负责人与桑坦德银行及赞布拉诺家族签署了一项可续期的五年协议，负责监督这些受保护作品的国际展出，桑坦德银行的一名官员将这一安排描述为“灵活的”。

尽管墨西哥政府和银行官员坚称这些画作将于2028,年返回墨西哥，但并没有法律义务要求它们长期留在国内，也没有任何措施能阻止当局接连签发临时出口许可证。克劳迪娅·辛鲍姆（Claudia Sheinbaum）总统的政府一直将自己塑造为墨西哥主权的捍卫者，但现在看来，他们似乎非常愿意将一项国家关注的事项交给外国利益方。

对于观察墨西哥执政党 Morena 的人士来说，这并不令人意外。在20世纪的大部分时间里，国家扮演着墨西哥最大文化赞助人的角色——建立博物馆、委托创作艺术品并组建收藏集。但 Morena 通过常规性地削减该国的艺术与文化预算，明确表示其无意扮演这一角色。国际现代艺术博物馆与收藏委员会最近对墨西哥政府“保证遗产保护和获取的能力”表示“严重怀疑”，即便有专门设计的法律来保护这些遗产。

如果墨西哥允许这些作品永久地被流放到大西洋彼岸，它在世界眼中的形象将会受损。我们的历史难道如此轻易地被碎片化并简化为金融资产吗？我们在保护自身遗产方面难道如此无力吗？如果我们无法留住自己的瑰宝，又怎么能声称拥有地缘政治实力？

卡罗（Kahlo）的故事不必以这种方式结束。墨西哥政府可能放弃了其作为文化管家的职责，但墨西哥的公民社会能够且必须挺身而出，提供保护具有国家重要性作品所需的资源、机构和想象力。

弗里达·卡罗将最私密的东西——她的身体、她的痛苦、她的爱、她的痴迷——转化为画作，使数百万人从中认出了自己。她确实属于世界，但首先且最重要的是，她属于墨西哥。

读者来信

美国移民海关执法局（ICE）对海地人的“随意且残酷”对待

致编辑：

关于《设备让俄亥俄州的海地人感到不安且被束缚》（第1版，8月23日）：

愤怒在哪里？在俄亥俄州斯普林菲尔德，100多名海地人现在每天24小时佩戴着由美国移民海关执法局（ICE）发放的电子脚镣。这些监视器体积庞大且不断闪烁，其作用更像枷锁。

文章讲述了乔纳斯·朱利安（Jonas Julien）的故事，他是一名35岁的海地男子，也是一名丈夫和父亲。朱利安先生曾获得临时保护状态（现已被特朗普政府终止），并提交了避难申请，其工作许可获批至2029年。朱利安先生遵纪守法，在工作中每天轮班12小时。

我们的国家在很大程度上是建立在奴隶劳动力之上的。我们曾给数百万非洲人戴上枷锁，将他们像沙丁鱼一样塞进“棺材船”中，其中高达三分之一的人在运输过程中死亡。现在，我们的ICE特工再次地使用了枷锁。

向我们的海地社区传递的明确信息是：你们是不受欢迎的，不配拥有人类尊严，且是危险的。我们的总统及其充满恨意的爪牙遵循着一套屡试不爽的公式：贬低移民文化并将其妖魔化。声称他们肮脏且携带疾病，声称他们会吃掉你的宠物、抢走你的工作、伤害你的家人，且他们的宗教信仰是邪恶的。

我们怎么变成了这样，竟然对这些日常的不公正以及政府如此非人道地对待他人的方式变得如此麻木？

一直在向私营监狱巨头GEO集团支付费用，以大幅增加接受24小时GPS监控的移民人数。

去年夏天，ICE秘密采用了一项新规定，指示工作人员“只要有可能”就给移民戴上GPS监视器。自那时起，近50,000人被强行纳入一个持续的电子监视系统。这是该政府营利性拘留剧本的一次随意、残酷且昂贵的延伸。

作为移民律师，我们看到了这些设备的后果。我们的客户经常报告被灼伤、电击和瘀伤。这些设备还容易出现故障，干扰工作时间，使人们处于一种持续的恐惧之中，担心被判定为不合规并可能被拘留。我们的一个客户是一名从事清洁工作的孕妇，她因为佩戴电子脚镣而产生的污名而被解雇。

GPS监视器是ICE最昂贵且最具侵入性的监管形式。该政府在没有个体化理由的情况下扩大使用这些设备，除了让赚取利润的私营监狱公司获益外，对任何人都没有好处。

莎拉·德克尔（SARAH DECKER） F·埃文·本茨（F. EVAN BENZ） 华盛顿

迈克尔·J·布莱斯（MICHAEL J. BLYTH） 斯塔滕岛

致编辑：

致编辑：俄亥俄州斯普林菲尔德的海地居民并非唯一被戴上电子脚镣的人。自2025年起，特朗普政府已经

重命名安大略湖

关于《特朗普下令将安大略湖更名为美国湖》（新闻报道，8月28日）：

特朗普总统重新命名了安大略湖，将其称为美国湖。但他选错了需要重命名的美加共有水域。如果他真的想恰当地留下自己的印记，他应该重命名尼亚加拉大瀑布。美国瀑布（America Falls）！

德克尔女士是罗伯特与埃塞尔·肯尼迪人权中心的资深职员律师。本茨先生是Amica移民权利中心的管理律师。他们的组织已提起一项集体诉讼，挑战GPS监视器的使用。

艾希莉·亚当斯（ASHLEY ADAMS） 马萨诸塞州罗斯林代尔

《纽约时报》欢迎读者的来信。信件必须包含作者的姓名、地址和电话号码。入选的信件可能会被编辑或缩短以适应分配的空间。电子邮件：letters@nytimes.com

民主党人，请重塑品牌

致编辑：

关于《在佛罗里达的一次意外反转中，敲门员助力左翼》（第1版，8月20日）：

安吉·尼克松（Angie Nixon）在佛罗里达州初选中的胜利证明了传统组织工作的力量。当选民了解候选人是谁以及选举的关键利害关系时，标签的杀伤力就会减弱。

但初选并非大选。民主党仍然面临品牌问题，且这让他们不断付出代价。像“削减警察经费”和“民主社会主义”这样的词组最初可能是政策的简写，但它们太经常地变成了政治累赘：容易被歪曲，难以辩护，且不太可能赢得民主党需要说服的选民。

因此，请称我为“社会正义民主党人”——一个相信公平、人权和平等可以加强而非取代资本主义经济的人。

米歇尔·希梅尔（MICHELLE SCHIMEL） 纽约州，波特华盛顿

作者曾于2007年至2016年担任纽约州议会议员。

大型食品公司正在赢得美国饮食之战

林赛·史密斯·泰利（Lindsey Smith Taillie）

北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校营养学教授，以及北卡罗来纳大学全球食品研究项目主任。

作为一名营养科学家，当我听说联邦政府计划在本月发布超加工食品的定义时，我感到非常激动。正如许多立法者告诉我的那样，缺乏标准化定义是监管超加工食品（如冰淇淋、汽水和曲奇饼干）的最大障碍——这些食品占据了我们饮食的一半以上，并且与 2 型糖尿病、心脏病和痴呆症相关。一个联邦定义将为能够重塑美国人饮食和健康的政策奠定基础。

发布该定义本将成为卫生部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪（Robert F. Kennedy Jr.）的“让美国再次健康”（Make America Healthy Again）运动的一次重大胜利——尽管许多美国人无论是否同意肯尼迪先生更广泛的议程，都可能会对这一举措表示赞赏。

但政府并没有在预定日期发布该定义，而是宣布该定义已被送往管理和预算办公室（Office of Management and Budget）审核。这要么是政策正式生效前的最后一步，要么是一个公共卫生领域的“炼狱”，使其无限期停滞。鉴于食品工业此前在这一阶段延迟规则制定的成功经验，我担心在这种情况下，结果将是后者。

事实上，食品工业似乎就是这次最后一刻改变计划的罪魁祸首。彭博新闻社（Bloomberg News）报道称，大型食品公司的高管向白宫辩称，发布超加工食品的定义会误导消费者并增加杂货成本——这一主张远非定论。顶级行业游说团体消费者品牌协会（Consumer Brands Association）在一份书面声明中表示：“我们有信心，一旦总统意识到这一定义及其对他可负担性议程将产生的灾难性后果，该定义将无法推进。”

就在去年，我们看到食品工业使用了一种看似类似的策略来阻挠监管。美国农业部（U.S. Department of Agriculture）原本准备发布更严格的规定以减少生禽中的沙门氏菌污染——直到肉类行业团体请求特朗普总统撤回该提案，声称这将提高食品价格。美国农业部在几个月后予以配合。

这些事件展示了卫生机构、肯尼迪先生的 MAHA 议程以及一位倾向于行业去监管的总统之间独特的紧张关系。肯尼迪先生将超加工食品列为慢性疾病的根源，并呼吁对美国食品系统进行彻底改革。他多次承诺（包括在乔·罗根的播客中以及在国会证词中），联邦政府将发布超加工食品的定义，随后将采取诸如包装正面标签等政策。实现这些目标需要监管食品工业，这与特朗普先生的反监管议程，以及政府对食品药品监督管理局（FDA）和美国农业部（U.S.D.A.）的大规模裁员相冲突，而这两个机构正是负责制定并实施新食品规则的部门。

食品工业在这里使用的策略与他们几十年来使用的策略相似。公司积极游说以阻止各州创建自己的超加工食品定义，转而呼吁制定国家标准——毫无疑问，这是因为行业知道联邦执法通常更慢且更容易受到影响。行业可能会针对任何法律定义提起诉讼。7 月下旬，Lighthouse Reports 的一项调查发现，自 2010 年以来，食品公司在 6 个国家共提起 239 起诉讼，包括

特朗普对监管的厌恶与 MAHA 运动产生冲突

在美国，食品工业反对诸如包装正面标签以及限制向儿童营销垃圾食品等政策。在过去的 23 年里，该行业在联邦游说上花费了约 11.5 亿美元 billion——超过了烟草、酒精或赌博业——并向两党阵营的竞选活动捐赠了巨额资金。

这些行为可能会对政策制定者产生寒蝉效应，因为他们可能不想疏远捐赠者，也不想应对昂贵的法律诉讼。

这些公司主张，如果仅根据加工程度来筛选食品，会导致政府将一些传统的健康产品（如鹰嘴豆泥、酸奶和面包）列为目标。他们更希望监管重点放在食品中的糖、盐或精制碳水化合物含量上——在这种情况下，他们可以通过微调现有的食品配方来避免处罚，而无需创建完全不同的产品。

解决这一难题有合理的方案。今年 5 月，一个由我共同主持的独立食品专家小组建议，根据是否含有在家庭厨房中几乎见不到的工业成分来对超加工食品进行分类，同时为符合严格营养标准的全谷物面包等食品提供豁免。这种方法之所以有效，是因为它利用食品包装上已有的信息来识别超加工食品，而且——这对应对工业界的论点至关重要——它允许真正健康的产品免于随后的监管。

目前，“大食品”公司正通过游说阻碍严肃的食品改革。但我们仍有希望在饮食之战中获胜。民意调查显示，大多数美国人（无论共和党人还是民主党人）都支持针对超加工食品采取行动，例如更清晰的包装正面标签、限制向儿童营销以及减少在学校中的供应。MAHA 运动已经证明了人们对更高食品标准的需求。联邦政府应当最终确定并公布一个强有力的、基于科学的超加工食品定义。如果行政手段无法实现，国会应当采取行动通过自己的定义。

此举将成为改善美国饮食的关键第一步。

2026 Election

FREDERIC J. BROWN / AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES BRIAN SNYDER / REUTERS

HANNAH SCHOENBAUM / ASSOCIATED PRESS

从左上角起顺时针方向分别为波士顿、洛杉矶县、密歇根州南菲尔德和盐湖城的投票投递箱。即便被允许按照新规则执行，目前尚不清楚邮政局是否有时间在即将到来的选举前实施该计划。 EMILY ELCONIN 为《纽约时报》拍摄

邮政局可能会缩减邮寄投票

法官暂时 拦截易导致 投票倾斜的规则

作者：里德·J·爱泼斯坦 (REID J. EPSTEIN)

华盛顿 —— 如果美国邮政局被允许执行特朗普总统要求的关于邮寄投票的限制性规定，数千万美国人的邮寄投票将变得更加困难，甚至可能无法实现。

其影响对于民主党选民可能会更大，因为民主党通过邮寄投票的人数多于共和党，且在邮寄投票普及或近乎普及的州影响更为显著。在抵制特朗普政府要求提供选民数据的州，邮寄投票可能根本无法进行。

该规定将特别影响农村地区的人群和年长选民，这些人倾向于更多地通过邮寄方式投票。它还可能深刻影响那些部分竞争最激烈的众议院、参议院和州长选举将决定国会及州政府控制权的州。

密歇根州在2022年的邮寄投票比例为37%，将成为一个震中，那里有激烈的全州范围竞争以及多场关键的众议院选战。而向所有选民邮寄选票的加利福尼亚州，预计将成为民主党争取众议院多数席位努力的核心。

该规定正面临多起诉讼的挑战，并且在一名联邦法官周四做出裁决后被暂时搁置。政府方面正在提起上诉。即便邮政局被允许继续推进，目前尚不清楚在距离选举不足70天的时间里，是否还有时间执行该计划。

例如，该规定要求各州将选民名单上传至一个尚未上线的联邦邮寄选票门户网站。近二十个由民主党领导的州以及华盛顿特区已提起诉讼以阻止该拟议规定，并表示不会遵守。

如果该机构强行推进，州和地方官员将承担巨大的成本，为了在11月中期选举前及时准备选举办公室并教育选民，这将需要一项艰巨的努力。

拟议规定中最剧烈的方面是：计划对不移交选民数据的州完全停止提供选举邮件服务。联邦官员表示，他们希望利用这些数据来识别州选民名单中的非公民。这项政策将颠覆任何不配合州的邮寄投票，但对于少数严重依赖邮寄投票的州来说，其影响将明显更大。

根据“州联合民主中心”（States United Democracy Center）对32个有可用数据的州进行的投票数据分析估计，2024年超过三分之一的民主党人通过邮寄投票，而共和党人约为四分之一。

“这并不复杂，”民主党选举律师马克·埃利亚斯（Marc Elias）表示，他认为新政策是剥夺民主党人投票权的公然企图。“政府知道民主党人比共和党人更倾向于邮寄投票。唐纳德·特朗普将邮寄投票妖魔化，使得这种差异进一步扩大。”

注入混乱

鉴于距离选举日不足 10 周，且仍面临法律和物流方面的挑战，该规定能否在今年内实施还远不确定。在北卡罗来纳州，一场竞争激烈的参议院选举可能会决定该议院的控制权，该州计划从下周开始向部分选民邮寄选票。更多州很快将效仿。

特朗普总统本人在本月的佛罗里达州初选中采用了邮寄投票。他在 3 月签署了一项行政命令，要求国土安全部编制各州的公民名单，以用于协助确定选民资格，从而造成了目前的这种不确定性。

上周，最高法院裁定该诉讼为时过早，因为邮政局尚未最终确定其规定。然而，现在该机构已经完成了这项工作，且下级法院已发表意见，大法官们可能会在未来几周内被再次要求做出裁决，这一次将针对该计划的合宪性。

两党选举官员均表示，强迫负责全国选举的县和市政府在如此短的时间内执行新规定，将给国家的投票进程注入混乱，甚至可能导致邮寄投票完全停摆。

小镇的办事员将不得不购买新机器，以打印新规定所要求的条形码。所有邮寄选票——包括过去可能由当地选举官员直接递交给当地邮局的部分选票——现在都必须通过大城市的邮件分拣中心路由，因为只有主要枢纽才能处理这种新条形码。

“人们需要明白，改变一场选举有点像改变一艘航空母舰的航向。你不能在短时间内完成，”佛罗里达州莱克县的选举监督员、共和党人艾伦·海斯（Alan Hays）说道，在 2024 年，特朗普在该县获得了 62% 的选票。“考虑到美国邮政局的过往记录，在如此短的时间内将其置于如此巨大的责任之下，往好里说也是不明智的。”

其影响在不同司法管辖区会有所不同。

威斯康星州选举委员会的民主党成员安·雅各布斯（Ann Jacobs）表示，干扰邮寄投票在威斯康星州的农村社区引发的混乱将远超其较为自由的城市。

城市可以通过延长现场提前投票的时间来弥补邮寄投票的减少，而该州偏远的乡镇可能缺乏足够的资源和人员来延长投票时间。

“我们有些办事员直到选举日为止，都在家里运行选举工作，”雅各布斯女士说道。

密歇根州：一个案例研究

今年，美国没有任何一个州比密歇根州拥有更多关键选举，也没有任何一个州在邮寄投票的党派差距上比密歇根州更宽。

该州将管理全美竞争最激烈的参议院选战之一，这场竞争对于民主党夺回该院控制权的希望至关重要。此外，该州还面临着预计将竞争激烈的州长及其他全州职位的空缺席位选举，以及四场关键的众议院选战。在分歧极小的密歇根州立法机构中，两院的多数控制权也处于争夺之中。

目前，近 200 万 名密歇根州居民在该州的永久邮寄投票名单上，这意味着在每次选举中，官员都会自动向他们邮寄选票。根据麻省理工学院（MIT）选举数据与科学实验室的一项分析，虽然密歇根州选民不按党派登记，但在通过邮寄处理的民主党候选人票数与共和党候选人票数之间存在显著差距。

MIT 发现，在 2022 年的上一次中期选举中，投给民主党的选票中约有 57% 是通过邮寄寄达的，而投给共和党的选票中仅有 37%。这一差距在 2024 年更加明显，当时特朗普出现在选票上，并在竞选活动中经常谴责邮寄投票。那一年，投给时任副总统卡玛拉·哈里斯的选票中有 60% 是通过邮寄寄达的，而投给特朗普的选票中这一比例为 34%。

“任何阻碍选民投票能力的因素都会损害民主党在密歇根州的利益，”密歇根州民主党前主席隆·约翰逊（Lon Johnson）表示。“复杂情况越多，产生怀疑的人就越多，他们就越容易陷入特朗普的论调，即投票和民主是一个可以被操纵的系统。”

州参议员兼密歇根州共和党主席吉姆·鲁内斯塔德（Jim Runestad）表示，他并不知晓该州共和党竞选团队是否讨论过，如果在选举日之前邮寄选票的规则发生变化，他们将如何调整其动员投票策略。

鲁内斯塔德表示，他通过邮寄接收选票，并通常将其交回市政书记员办公室；他表示，他更希望人们被要求在选举日亲自前往投票。

“我知道共和党人转向邮寄投票的人数比以往任何时候都要多，”他说。“所有人普遍应该关注的是，确保没有舞弊行为。”

在向所有选民邮寄选票的八个州以及华盛顿特区，其影响也可能是深远的。华盛顿州已经完全取消了现场投票。选民在通过邮寄收到选票后，可以将选票投入投递箱，交给投票中心，或通过邮政服务寄回。

即使在仍提供投票站的州，特朗普的规则也可能给那些围绕邮寄投票建立系统的选举管理人员带来混乱。对于多年未去过投票站的选民来说，很可能会产生困惑。

在亚利桑那州，2022 年上一次中期选举中约 80% 的选民收到了邮寄选票，州务卿亚德里安·丰特斯（Adrian Fontes）表示，他预计今年的比例将高达 85%。身为民主党人的丰特斯预测，限制亚利桑那州的邮寄投票将引起长期通过邮寄投票的共和党退休人员的反弹。

MIT 的分析发现，估计 62% 的亚利桑那州共和党人在 2024 年通过邮寄投票，而民主党人的这一比例为 75%。

“亚利桑那州将不再是一个摇摆州，”今年面临连任竞选的丰特斯说。“它将变成深蓝色。邮寄投票是由共和党人创建的，由共和党人推广的，由共和党人推进的，而这正是共和党选民喜欢的投票方式。你认为他们愿意被剥夺这种便利和安全性吗？绝不可能。”

大多数民主党人似乎在回避一个议题：跨性别权利。但他没有。

一名马萨诸塞州参议员成为其坚定捍卫者

作者：REID J. EPSTEIN

华盛顿 —— 马萨诸塞州参议员埃德·马基（Ed Markey）可能是美国唯一一位积极以跨性别权利支持者身份进行竞选的高知名度民主党人。

即便许多其他民主党高层在这一议题上变得谨慎，马基先生在周二面对更温和的挑战者——众议员塞斯·莫尔顿（Seth Moulton）的初选竞争中，依然在为跨性别运动员进行激烈的辩护。

马基先生特别指出，莫尔顿先生在 2024 年大选后不久，将民主党人的失败部分归因于他们在跨性别议题上的立场，此举相当于“将跨性别孩子推向绝境”。莫尔顿先生长期为其言论辩护，但本月对此表达了一定程度的悔意。

“跨性别运动员应该能够参赛，”马基先生在过去一周的一次采访中表示。“这反映了马萨诸塞州以及我们的特质。而塞斯·莫尔顿则没有。”

80 岁的马基先生在党内其他成员仍在苦苦应对这一议题之际，坚定地采取了支持跨性别权利的立场。特朗普总统和其他共和党人已将该议题用作文化分歧的楔子。那些可能竞选总统的雄心勃勃的年轻民主党人 —— 包括加利福尼亚州州长加文·纽森（Gavin Newsom）和前交通部长皮特·布蒂吉格（Pete Buttigieg） —— 已经逐渐远离为跨性别运动员参加女性和女孩体育赛事而进行的辩护。

其他知名民主党人则试图通过不谈论该议题或推卸责任，并尝试转向经济等更具优势的议题，从而化解这一矛盾。

而马基先生则选择了迎难而上。根据跨性别自由主义活动家兼战略家、该参议员的支持者夏洛特·克莱默（Charlotte Clymer）的说法，他是“唯一一个真正将此问题放在核心位置讨论的人”。

马基先生表示，跨性别权利已“成为这场竞选中的一个决定性议题，因为马萨诸塞州的选民认为，如果你不能在任何时间、任何地点捍卫人权，那么你就不合格”，并补充道，“我认为你可以是对的，但可能时机太早了。”

强烈反对与道歉

这位参议员在跨性别权利问题上的强硬表态，源于穆尔顿先生在2024年大选次日发表的言论。穆尔顿先生此前在很大程度上被视为L.G.B.T.Q.团体的盟友。

“民主党人花费了太多时间试图不冒犯任何人，而不是坦率地面对许多美国人所面临的挑战，”穆尔顿先生告诉《纽约时报》。“我有两个小女儿，我不希望她们在赛场上被一名男性或曾为男性的运动员碾压，但作为一名民主党人，我理应害怕说出这一点。”

这立即引发了强烈的反对。

穆尔顿先生的竞选经理辞职了。他家乡的一位市议员组织了一场反对集会。穆尔顿先生为自己的言论辩护，并就此问题与该州首位L.G.B.T.Q.州长莫拉·希利（Maura Healey）发生冲突。他在《华盛顿邮报》发表了一篇评论文章，标题为《我受够了民主党的纯洁性测试》。

这场风波巩固了穆尔顿先生作为一名愿意违背党内意愿的民主党人的形象。他在2014.年击败一名长期在任的议员后首次进入国会。四年后，他领导了一组众议院民主党人，试图阻止众议员南希·佩洛西（Nancy Pelosi）出任众议院议长，但未能成功。

因此，当47,岁的穆尔顿先生去年参加参议院竞选时，他主张马基先生年纪太大，不应在华盛顿再寻求六年的任期——尤其是当民主党仍被约瑟夫·R·拜登（Joseph R. Biden Jr.）总统失败的连任竞选所困扰之时。马基先生及其盟友将穆尔顿先生关于跨性别权利的言论作为攻击他的核心。

此后，穆尔顿先生共同发起了一项被称为《跨性别权利法案》的国会立法，而马基先生是该法案的原作者。在本月的辩论中，穆尔顿先生还对他2024年大选后的言论发表了有条件的道歉。

“我深切地认同你们的创伤，”他在对“感受到特朗普政府政策之沉重与痛苦”的“跨性别群体”讲话时说道。“如果我的言论伤害了你们，我深表歉意。”

在两周前的一次采访中，穆尔顿先生表示，尽管进行了道歉，但他并不对他早先言论的实质内容感到抱歉。他认为，民主党人应该承认，选民并不希望将跨性别运动员完全纳入青少年体育赛事。

“很多人同意民主党人的观点，认为跨性别者应该受到保护，拥有完整的权利，并且应该能够服兵役，”他说。“但当涉及到竞技体育时，他们感到不舒服。而我们党向这些人传递的信息是：你是错的，而且你是个糟糕的人。”

他指责马基先生将一个具有分歧的社会问题引入初选活动。

“马基试图将这个问题和跨性别者武器化，像共和党人那样将他们当作政治足球来分化选民，”穆尔顿先生说。

当被要求点名支持其竞选的最知名跨性别人士时，他回避了。

“我不确定该如何准确回答这个问题，”他说。“我知道有许多跨性别者参与其中。”

跨越州界

达拉斯·杜卡尔（Dallas Ducar）是一位马基支持者，她在马萨诸塞州诺桑普顿创立了一家跨性别医疗诊所。她表示，这位参议员在跨性别权利问题上的立场，标志着他是这场竞选中更具进步色彩的一方。

“他是在向那 70% 以上的民主党人发声，他们知道并理解跨性别者在道德上是正当的，并且”

梅尔·穆斯托 为《纽约时报》拍摄

埃里克·李 为《纽约时报》拍摄

从上至下，马萨诸塞州参议员埃德·马基（Ed Markey）和众议员塞斯·莫尔顿（Seth Moulton），后者将民主党的失败部分归因于跨性别议题。

“应当享有他们的公民权利，”身为跨性别者的杜卡尔女士说道。“如果人们在 1960 年代和 70 年代也对公民权利提出同样的问题，我希望自己站在进步主义者这一边。”

现有的民调显示，马基先生在初选竞争中处于领先地位。即便莫尔顿先生也承认自己落后，但他表示，他期待在竞选的最后几天实现反超。

在深蓝色的马萨诸塞州，初选的获胜者将在大选中占据极大优势。

莫尔顿先生敦促马萨诸塞州的民主党人将目光投向州界之外。他表示，该州应当选出一位能够吸引全国其他地区选民的参议员，以帮助该党在华盛顿建立执政多数。

他认为，当民调显示美国公众持有不同看法时，如果民主党被贴上“热衷支持跨性别运动员参加体育赛事”的标签，将不利于推进进步主义事业。

“我们需要更多地考虑整个民主党团队，因为我们目前处于少数地位，”莫尔顿先生说。“如今很多政治活动变成了纯洁性测试，但我并不确定这对政党或国家是否有好处。我们是一个民主国家，应当能够进行讨论。”

2 轮子

微型车动力不足，可能需要频繁维修，但它们也带来了趣味性和燃油经济性。

5 国际 财政部已禁止三家主要新闻机构的记者参加本周的 Group of 20 会议。

根据初步报告，新的大学助学金申请表在填写和估算资助资格方面速度更快。

商业

《纽约时报》

科技 / 经济 / 媒体 / 金融

2026年8月31日，星期一 B1

为 5000 万 人建立一座新的首都，是一项巨大的城市规划工程。

位于印度安得拉邦阿马拉瓦蒂一个名为“量子谷”的科技中心建设工地。安得拉邦首席部长雇佣了 25,000 名工人，旨在打造一座拥有水道、自行车道和高层建筑的梦想之都。 普里亚达什尼·拉维钱德兰 为《纽约时报》拍摄

打造印度的未来之城

作者：MUJIB MASHAL 和 HARI KUMAR

安得拉邦，阿马拉瓦蒂 —— 在这片巨大的建筑工地的某个角落，工程师们正在将水流重新引导至数英里长的运河中，这些运河将像动脉一样分布在新的城市空间周围。

在另一个角落，戴着安全帽的工人正在为一座先进的大楼浇筑混凝土，这里很快将安置印度最大的量子计算机 —— 这是名为“量子谷”的更广泛项目的一部分。

这里曾是神圣的克里希纳河畔的香蕉林和蔬菜地，而现在，打造印度最宜居的未来之城的雄心正在这里成形。

将阿马拉瓦蒂建设成为印度南部人口 5000 万 的安得拉邦的新首府是一项艰巨的任务 —— 这是独立后的印度在城市规划领域最大规模的一次实践。而该国的过往记录并未带来多少信心。其主要城市因基础设施不足和污染日益严重而闻名，且因无法满足庞大人口的需求而声名狼藉。

承担起改变这一现状责任的人是该邦 76 岁的首席部长 N. 钱德拉巴布·奈杜（N. Chandrababu Naidu）。他对细节有着近乎痴迷的关注，并且拥有交付转型规模项目的历史。但他也遭遇过挫折，失去了他对几十年前参与建设的另一个邦首府的控制权，同时也经历了法律诉讼和一段政治边缘化时期。

对于 76, 岁的安得拉邦首席部长 N. 钱德拉巴布·奈杜来说，阿马拉瓦蒂关乎遗产与救赎。

奈杜先生赢得了印度权力巨大的总理纳伦德拉·莫迪的支持。他设定了建设时间表，力求在其政党面临 2029 年重新选举之前，使该项目成为不可逆转的现实。

在任何给定的日子里，都有超过 25,000 人在现场工作，他们正在构建由诺曼（Norman）设计的——（接 B5 页）

委内瑞拉石油协议依赖于具有争议的合作伙伴

作者：Rebecca F. Elliott, Anatoly Kurmanaev 和 Edward Wong

特朗普政府一项极不寻常的开发委内瑞拉庞大石油资源的协议，将使美国政府与一名具有影响力且极具争议的委内瑞拉商人合作。

根据四名知情人士透露，在特朗普总统周五晚些时候宣布的协议中，美国将与亚历杭德罗·贝坦库尔·洛佩斯（Alejandro Betancourt López）合作，其家族控制着委内瑞拉第二大私营石油生产商——北美蓝色能源合作伙伴公司（North American Blue Energy Partners）。

三名知情人士表示，预计联邦政府将通过五角大楼的战略资本办公室支持开发委内瑞拉相当一部分已探明的石油储量，而贝坦库尔先生的公司将主导运营。该协议涵盖分布在委内瑞拉的 17 个油田。

委内瑞拉总统德尔西·罗德里格斯（Delcy Rodríguez）支持该协议，她在周五晚些时候的一份声明中表示，这将产生“显著的影——（接 B5 页）

管理不善、腐败以及美国的制裁阻碍了委内瑞拉的石油生产，尽管其拥有巨大的储量。

关于通货膨胀，沃什面临利率难题

作者：科尔比·史密斯（COLBY SMITH）

怀俄明州杰克逊 —— 凯文·M·沃什（Kevin M. Warsh）在以美联储主席身份首次出席杰克逊年度会议期间，跨过了一个关键门槛。

他就经济现状阐述了迄今为止最全面的观点。在经历了上个月传递的混乱信号后，他澄清了央行致力于将通货膨胀率降低至 2% 目标的承诺。并且他承认，美联储可能仍有“工作要做”才能兑现该承诺，这表明如果价格压力不缓解，美联储准备提高利率。

但沃什先生未来的道路充满变数。金融市场目前认为，在 9 月 15-16 日的下一次央行会议上，提高 0.25 个百分点的可能性较大，这让沃什先生在是否采取行动方面面临艰难抉择。 续见 B4 页

对牲畜致命的蝇类重新出现

作者：凯文·德雷珀（KEVIN DRAPER）

6 月初，一名南德克萨斯州的牧场主在牲畜中发现了新世界螺旋蝇病例，这是美国数十年来的首例。

在此后的近三个月里，又检测到 46 例病例。这种蝇类已在两个州的 18 个县的牛、羊、山羊以及少数几只狗身上被发现。美国农业部正投入超过 10 亿美元 billion 来对抗这种蝇类的重新出现。然而，这些蝇类一直在规避相关检测工作。

该部门的关键工具之一是粘蝇贴，使该机构能够监测广大区域内的蝇类。但尽管部署了 128 个螺旋蝇专用陷阱和 8,000 个外来果蝇陷阱，该机构尚未捕捉到一只野生螺旋蝇 —— 这对于确定疫情来源至关重要，根据——续见 B4 页

汽车

娇小之躯，每加仑尽显迷人笑颜

微型车动力不足、噪音大，有时还冒烟，但“这种挣扎正是乐趣所在”。

DREW SHEPARDSON

PETER TENN

车轮

作者：MERCEDES LILIENTHAL

在火柴盒小车与你的日常代步车之间，存在着一种奇思妙想与燃油经济性之间的完美平衡。

微型车（没错，就是极小的）是为了经济型城市通勤而设计的轻量化车辆。虽然没有全球统一的定义，但规格通常如下：乘客数最多四人；至少有三个轮子（否则我们讨论的可能是摩托车）；重量限制可能取决于法律分类，但通常在 500 公斤（约 1,100 磅）以下；发动机排量在 700 毫升以下，这意味着它们的油耗可能达到每加仑 70 英里或更高。

在俄勒冈州波特兰，马克·哈滕（Mark Hatten）是一家名为 MPH Specialties 的单人汽车修理店的创始人。

三十年前，他偶然地迷上了微型车。“一位很好的日本朋友送了我一辆 1966 年的斯巴鲁 360 轿车，”他说。当时他朋友的工作签证到期，必须返回日本。“我可以免费拥有这辆车，只要他在 10 年后回来时能坐一次。”

这辆车被搁置了八年。“我不知道怎么修它，”哈滕先生说，“我以为我们的关系会就此终止。”但他还是开始动手了。他寻找二手零件来重建发动机，修理了刹车。“一旦能开起来，它就成了有史以来最有趣的车，”他说，并补充道，“34 年后的今天，我依然在开它。”

没有什么能比得上微型车：“它们充满挑战且古怪，”业余时间玩独轮车曲棍球的哈滕先生说，“进门前请先放下你的傲慢。”

它们在城市街道上很罕见，这有充分的理由。但尽管如此，哈滕先生已经数不清自己拥有多少辆微型车了。“我一直在修理它们，”他说，“它们很脆弱，很容易损坏。”他补充道，“每次驾驶都是一场为了跟上车流的赛跑。”然而，当它们正常运转时，会给哈滕先生带来一种“强烈的满足感”。

微型车是他 YouTube 频道的主角——他拥有 11 辆斯巴鲁 360 Super Deluxe 以及一辆带有气泡顶的 1962 年梅塞施密特 KR200。“我喜欢让人们惊讶得目瞪口呆，然后我开车离去，”他说。

这些车不适合胆小的人，如果你擅长使用扳手会很有帮助。它们动力不足、噪音大，有时还冒烟，而且可能没有暖风或雨刷。“这种挣扎正是乐趣所在，”哈滕先生说。

他也迅速向其他爱好者表示敬意，包括私人收藏家或拥有大规模收藏的人。查尔斯·古尔德（Charles Gould）及其在马萨诸塞州的 Matchbox Motors 微型车、迷你车与摩托车博物馆，以及威斯康星州的中西部微型车博物馆，为许多微型车爱好者铺平了道路。

在华盛顿州巴特尔格朗，38 岁的达米安·多内斯基（Damian Donesky）修复了一辆 1958 年的宝马 Isetta 微型车，这是由他的曾祖父母传下来的家族遗产。他的这辆微型运输车被命名为 Constanteny，是以他曾祖父 Constantine 的名字命名的。这辆 Isetta 从 60 年代初起就在这个家族中。

多内斯基先生是 Rough Country 的产品设计师，该公司生产卡车和吉普车的售后产品，他称自己是一个资深的“汽车迷”。

多内斯基先生成为了一名机械师，并保存了家族的汽车瑰宝。“我有三辆来自家族的车，”他说——“我父亲的 1952 年威利斯 M38 陆军吉普车，我曾祖父母的宝马 和宝马 700。”

“小时候，我经常在曾祖父母家门外的 上玩。我一直很喜欢那辆车，但从未真正想过我会拥有它。”

他的叔公将这辆 传给了多内斯基先生。2020 年疫情期间，多内斯基先生因为第一个孩子的出生获得了数月的假期。他启动了一个修复项目，并寻求了英国 车主俱乐部和 Isettas R Us 的帮助。

达米安·多内斯基（Damian Donesky）修复的 1958 年宝马 Isetta，以他的曾祖父命名为“Constanteeny”，曾担任波特兰国际赛道（Portland International Raceway）的荣誉领路车（左上图）。托德·希尔（Todd Hill）在他的车库中（右图）。他说他不喜欢修车，但他那辆“客观上糟糕透顶”的 1980 年奥斯汀 Mini “开起来和待在车边都很有趣”。左下图是多内斯基先生的宝马 Isetta 在“古怪汽车展”（Weird & Wacky Car Show）上的样子。希尔先生的 Mini（右下图）据他所说可以容纳四人，过弯性能良好，且尽管速度不高，但感觉足够快。

“微型车让大车显得过于冗余。”

托德·希尔表示，拥有微型车的一个好处是节省燃料成本，因为他的油箱容量仅为5.5加仑。

多内斯基先生在厨房台面上完成了大部分传动系统的组装。“在我们的第一个孩子出生后，我妻子不想让我整天待在车间里，建议我进屋里弄，”他说。这辆车在2022年完工。

Isetta有一项显著的古怪特点：它的唯一一扇门在车头。不寻常的还不止这些。“它用左手换挡，”多内斯基先生说，“换挡模式是反向的。它刹车没问题，转向还可以，凭借13马力能跑得相当不错。”

多内斯基先生经营着一支当地的小型赛车队——Fieroline车队，并参加Lucky Dog赛车联盟的比赛。该联盟的创始人凯西·富斯询问该车队是否愿意将Isetta带到俄勒冈州的波特兰国际赛道，成为那里安全车的荣誉成员。他们接受了。当这辆车出现在赛道上时，人们纷纷侧目。

对于住在新泽西州、在一家大型汽车制造商担任项目工程经理的托德·希尔来说，拥有微型车的途径同样是通过朋友。他认为旧款Mini很酷，但觉得拥有其中一辆这件事令人生畏。但在疫情期间，一位远方的朋友将他的1980年款奥斯汀Mini卖给了他。

认识卖家对此有所帮助。

这辆Mini是右舵驾驶，但希尔先生表示，他发现它“不仅驾驶起来很有趣，待在车里或在车周围也很开心——极小的尺寸和欢快的设计让每个人都露出笑容。”

“我其实并不想修复一辆旧车，”希尔先生补充道，“但发动机坏了，接踵而至的一系列事情让我最终重建了这辆车的很大一部分。”

希尔先生并不一定喜欢修车。他的Mini并不是他唯一的车辆。这在处理问题时增加了灵活性。“我并不是打算去拯救什么，”他说。“但在我的情况下，当它坏掉时，我别无选择，只能修理它。”

“微型车让大车显得过于冗余，”他说，虽然它们可能无法在州际公路上跟上速度，但“极小的尺寸让停车变得简单。”在如今汽油价格高企的时代，还有一个好处。“我的油箱只有5.5加仑，”他补充道。

希尔先生承认他的Mini是一辆“客观上很糟糕的车”。但除此之外，还有什么东西是“麻烦且需要大量照料的”？他问道。“小狗。天哪，它们真的非常有意思。”

希尔先生用“每加仑笑容”来衡量：“它能停在人行道上吗？”他说。“能。它能停在购物车的回收区吗？能，而且还有空间。它过弯表现好吗？好。感觉快吗？快，非常快。它真的快吗？不快。这重要吗？同样不重要。”

微小的尺寸使其大小和重量就像一台冰箱。“它可以坐四个人，”希尔先生说，但开玩笑地补充道，“不像把他们塞进冰箱，他们还能活下来。”

这证明了好东西往往在小包装里。“它甚至会通过渗漏液体来‘标记领地’，”希尔先生打趣道，“就像小狗一样。只不过清理起来更困难。”

MERCEDES LILIENTHAL

TODD HILL

人工智能

音乐产业应对人工智能

作者：布伦特·克雷恩（BRENT CRANE）

DealBook/

喜剧演员比尔·斯蒂特勒（Bill Stiteler）成名之路并非传统的流行音乐路径。事实上，他根本不认为自己是一名音乐人。

几年前，斯蒂特勒开始使用人工智能音乐生成器 Suno 为美国职业棒球大联盟（MLB）的球员创作带有玩笑性质的“写实出场曲”。这些片段帮助他增加了 Instagram 的粉丝数量。但他的第一首真正意义上的热门歌曲，源于他将同样不羁的基调应用于旅行，并要求 Suno 创作一首关于度假旅行的歌曲。

这首由人工智能辅助创作的岛屿颂歌《波多黎各之歌》（The Puerto Rico Song）在 Spotify 上拥有近 2000 万 次播放量，在 YouTube 上拥有数百万次观看量，并且签署了一项能让他获得版税的授权协议（他未透露具体金额）。今年 6 月，波多黎各旅游局邀请他前往当地拍摄音乐录影带。他的 AI 歌手在歌中高唱：“那是个疯狂的度假地，巴士站里就有老虎机。”

斯蒂特勒，37, 创作了数十首关于城市的风趣 AI 小曲，且对象通常是一些冷门城市（如宾夕法尼亚州的阿尔图纳、西弗吉尼亚州的摩根敦、新罕布什尔州的曼彻斯特）。他为这些他称之为“伪音乐”的作品编写歌词，其余部分由 完成。“我不是艺术家，”他说，“我是个‘屁’士（fartist）。”

他补充道，这个过程让他“在音乐人这件事上产生了严重的冒充者综合征”。“音乐家们奋斗一生。而我随手做了一首该死的 波多黎各之歌，结果就火了，表现得非常好。”

音乐产业本身对 等 工具也持有同样复杂的情绪，这些工具引发了一场关于如何将日益汹涌的 创作曲目货币化的辩论，以及数起诉讼。

“有些人认为 音乐应该被根除，”音乐产业分析公司 Luminate 的首席执行官罗布·乔纳斯（Rob Jonas）表示，“另一些人则认为，音乐不在于它是如何制作的，而在于它让你感觉如何。如果 能产生与有机音乐相同的情感反应，那么它就是音乐。”

（印地语意为“听”）于 2022. 在马萨诸塞州剑桥市成立。自那时起，大约有十余首 生成的歌曲出现在 Billboard 榜单上。欧洲音乐流媒体平台 Deezer 上个月表示， 生成的歌曲占其总上传量的半数。Spotify 正与环球音乐（Universal）合作，允许用户付费使用 重新混音某些歌曲。

该公司表示，已有超过 1 亿 人使用 创作音乐，每人每月平均制作 42 首歌曲。两百万用户每月支付高达 \$30 的费用以使用更高级的功能，例如将生成的轨道拆分为独立的人声和乐器。今年有几周时间， 是苹果应用商店音乐类别中最受欢迎的下载应用。（苹果音乐本月宣布，很快将要求 音乐必须标注相关标签。）

市场上还存在竞争对手：Udio、Diffusion、ElevenLabs。但 已从 Bond Capital 和 Union Square Ventures 等机构筹集了约 \10 亿美元 billion 资金，估值达 \54 亿美元 billion，是这个新兴行业的明显领导者。许多艺术家认为此类平台的兴起令人恐惧。但在 首席执行官迈基·舒尔曼（Mikey Shulman）的描述中，没有人需要害怕。

“ 的目的是让全世界的人都能感受到创造力的满足，”他说，“未来，这将出现在许多不同的领域。而我们做的是音乐。”（并非所有艺术家都感到恐惧：嘻哈巨头 Dr. Dre 本月告诉《纽约时报》：“这是一种新的创意工具，我正积极接纳它。”）

将 视为威胁的唱片公司和艺术家们，并不认为 音乐是另一种创意工具，而将其描绘成另一种 Napster 式的盗窃行为。一名入侵了该初创公司

DealBook 帮助您解读当日最重要的商业和政策头条。请在 nytimes.com / dealbook 订阅时事通讯。

一名黑客在入侵该系统并与 404 Media 分享调查结果后，指控 Suno 非法抓取了来自 YouTube Music、Genius、Deezer 等平台的歌曲。（Suno 向该刊物表示，被黑的数据“涉及不再使用的旧源代码”。在给 DealBook 的一份声明中，一名发言人表示， 的模型是“基于开放互联网上公开可用的音乐文件进行训练的”。）

甚至在黑客攻击之前，各大唱片公司就对 提出了类似的指控。2024, 年，美国唱片工业协会（R.I.A.A.）代表索尼音乐集团（Sony Music Group）、环球音乐集团（Universal Music Group）和华纳音乐集团（Warner Music Group）起诉 ，指控该公司在未经许可的情况下使用受版权保护的录音训练其模型。华纳在一年多后达成了和解；环球和索尼仍在进行诉讼。与此同时，R.I.A.A. 对竞争平台 Udio 提起的一起平行诉讼已由环球和华纳达成和解，仅剩索尼在法庭上继续诉讼。

“像 和 Udio 这样声称复制艺术家的毕生心血、并在未经同意或不支付报酬的情况下将其用于自身牟利是‘公平’的无证服务，阻碍了真正创新的 AI 为我们所有人带来的前景，”R.I.A.A. 负责人米奇·格莱齐尔（Mitch Glazier）在当时的一份声明中表示。

无论如何，如果不能击败他们，就加入他们。11 月，华纳宣布与其之前的诉讼对手建立合作伙伴关系。从艾德·希兰（Ed Sheeran）到 Charli XCX，华纳的艺术家现在可以单独选择加入（opt in），允许 在 AI 生成的歌曲中使用他们的姓名、图像、肖像、声音和作品。作为交易的一部分， 还从华纳手中收购了演唱会发现平台 Songkick。最重要的是， 目前正在开发一个基于华纳曲库训练的“授权模型”。

“我们将此次参与视为塑造未来并保护我们的艺术家和词曲作者的能力，同时创造新的机遇，”华纳音乐集团首席执行官罗伯特·金克尔（Robert Kyncl）表示，“另一种选择就是坐视不管。”

在这项首创的交易中，许多细节仍不明确。选择加入的艺术家如何获得补偿？如果大部分艺术家选择退出会发生什么？8 月， 与 BMG 达成了一项类似的授权协议。这些公司均未披露财务条款。

一些音乐企业选择完全不参与。1 月，独立流媒体平台 Bandcamp 宣布全面禁止 AI。该平台没有正式的识别违规者系统。相反，该公司的编辑总监 J. 爱德华·基斯（J. Edward Keyes）表示，你一看就知道。“这就像是糖与人造甜味剂之间的区别，”他说。

但数百万人使用 Splenda 和 Sweet'N Low。听众也会喜欢人造音乐吗？他们会为此付费吗？Luminate 在最近的一份报告中得出结论，他们调查的大多数美国人“对此持宽容态度——对于他们消费的音乐中使用 AI 感到舒适或漠不关心”。数十亿美元的赌注正押在这一现状将持续不变之上。

与此同时，乔纳斯（Jonas）表示：“虽然可能产生了大量的 AI 音乐，但被聆听的并不多。”

在斯蒂特勒（Stiteler）出售《波多黎各之歌》（The Puerto Rico Song）的权利后，其新所有者——环球旗下的 Xploded Music 委托制作了一个完全由人类演绎的翻唱版本。目前在 Spotify 上播放的是这个版本。斯蒂特勒的 Instagram 页面上仍然保留着 AI 原作。如果你仔细聆听，可以听到其中的区别。斯蒂特勒对翻唱版本很满意。“当音乐家翻唱它时，”他说，“它变得更加出色。”

MATT SMITH 为《纽约时报》拍摄 比尔·斯蒂特勒（Bill Stiteler）使用 AI 工具 创作了《波多黎各之歌》。该曲在 Spotify 上的播放量已达 2000 万 次，在 YouTube 上拥有数百万次观看。

本公告既非购买要约，亦非出售股份（定义见下文）的要约邀请。该（定义见下文）仅由日期为 2026 年 8 月 31 日的购买（以下简称“购买”）以及相关的交付函，以及对该购买或交付函的任何修订或补充而做出，且除下文所述外，该公告面向所有股份持有者。该公告并非面向（且不会接受来自或代表）在任何做出或接受该行为不符合该司法管辖区法律的司法管辖区内的股份持有者。在任何证券法、“蓝天法”或其他法律要求必须由持牌经纪人或交易商做出该行为的司法管辖区，该行为应被视为由一名或多名根据该司法管辖区法律获得许可的注册经纪人或交易商代表 GDEV Inc. 做出。

现金购买通知

以每股普通股 $11.03 的购买价格，购买价值最高达 2000万美元 的普通股（或最高 1,813,236 股普通股）

除非该要约获得延长，否则本要约、按比例分配期及撤回权将于2026年9月28日东部时间下午5:00到期。

GDEV Inc.（一家英属维尔京群岛商业公司，以下简称“GDEV”）现邀请其股东以每股11.03美元的购买价格，提交价值最高为2000万美元的普通股（每股无面值，以下简称“股份”），或最高1,813,236股。该价格相当于在2026年8月28日（要约开始前的最后一个完整交易日）之前的10个交易日内，每股的滚动成交量加权平均价（以下简称“购买价格”）。该款项将以现金形式净支付给卖方，不计利息，并扣除任何适用的预扣税，具体条款及条件详见日期为2026年8月31日的《收购要约》及相关的《交付函》（上述文件及其任何修订或补充共同构成“本要约”）。本要约不以获得融资为前提。然而，本要约须符合《收购要约》及相关《交付函》中规定的某些其他条件。

GDEV董事会已批准本要约。然而，GDEV、其董事会、Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company（以下简称“托管机构”）或D.F. King公司（以下简称“信息代理人”）均未就股东是否应提交或不提交其股份提供任何建议。股东必须自行决定是否提交其股份，以及如果提交，提交多少股份。在做出决定时，股东应仔细阅读《收购要约》及相关《交付函》中的信息，包括GDEV发起本要约的原因。股东应就是否提交其股份与他们的经纪人或其他财务或税务顾问进行讨论。

“到期时间”是指2026年9月28日东部时间下午5:00，除非且直到GDEV自行决定延长本要约的开放期限，在这种情况下，“到期时间”应指由GDEV延长后的要约最终到期的日期和时间。GDEV保留在适用法律允许的情况下，自行决定根据本要约购买多于或少于1,816,530股股份的权利。就本要约而言，只要GDEV向托管机构发出口头或书面通知，确认GDEV接受支付本要约中的股份，则在符合本要约按比例分配条款的前提下，有效提交给GDEV且未被正确撤回的股份将被视为已被GDEV接受支付并据此购买。仅在托管机构及时收到以下文件后，才会对根据本要约提交并被接受支付的股份进行付款：对于DTC参与者，(a) 通过托管机构的DTC账户通过DTC设施发送的正式完成的代理消息，或一份正式完成的《交付函》，以及 (b) 股份账面转入托管机构适用DTC账户的确认书；对于登记股东，则为一份正式完成并正式签署的《交付函》以及《交付函》要求的任何其他必要文件。在任何情况下，GDEV均不会就购买价格支付利息，包括但不限于因付款延迟而产生的利息。

GDEV明确保留其自行决定权，可在到期时间之前的任何时间以及不定期地延长要约开放期限，从而延迟对任何股份的接受和付款；GDEV将通过向托管机构发出此类延期的口头或书面通知，并在上一次预定或公布的到期时间之后的下一个工作日东部时间上午9:00之前发布公开公告来实施。在延期期间，所有此前已提交且未正规撤回的股份将继续受要约约束，且提交股份的股东仍有权撤回其股份。

GDEV董事会认定，鉴于公司目前的资本规模、现金余额和经营业务概况，此次要约是对GDEV财务资源的审慎利用，且该要约在满足GDEV业务需求与向股东提供价值之间取得了适当的平衡。GDEV董事会还认定，在当前市场条件下，现金要约收购是向寻求流动性的股东返还资本的适当机制，同时允许股东分享GDEV未来更高潜力的份额。

根据本要约提交的股份不可撤销，但此类股份可在到期时间之前撤回；且除非此前已被GDEV根据本要约接受付款，否则此类股份也可在2026年10月28日东部时间下午5:00之后撤回。为了使撤回生效，托管机构必须及时在《收购要约》封底列明的地址收到书面撤回通知。此类撤回通知必须注明提交待撤回股份的人员姓名、拟撤回的股份数量以及此类股份的登记股东姓名（如不同）。如果股份是根据《收购要约》中规定的账面转移程序提交的，撤回通知还必须注明接收撤回股份的DTC账户名称和账号，且必须符合DTC的其他程序。所有关于撤回通知形式和有效性（包括收到时间）的问题将由GDEV自行决定，该决定为最终决定并具有约束力。GDEV、托管机构、信息代理人或其他人员均无义务就撤回通知中的缺陷或异常发出通知，亦不对未能发出此类通知承担责任。

美国股东根据本要约以现金出售股份的行为，在联邦所得税方面将构成应税交易。美国股东所面临的美国联邦所得税后果可能因其具体事实和情况而异。股东应就本要约对其产生的具体税务后果咨询其税务顾问。有关本要约某些重大美国联邦所得税后果（包括与非美国股东相关事项）的更完整说明，请参阅《收购要约》第13节（税务考量）。

根据修订后的《1934年证券交易法》第13e-4条要求披露的信息已包含在《收购要约》中，并在此通过引用方式纳入。GDEV还向美国证券交易委员会提交了一份Schedule TO发行人要约收购声明，其中包含与本要约相关的某些附加信息。

收购要约及相关的交付函将提供给股份登记持有人，以及其名称或其提名人名称出现在 GDEV 股东名单上的经纪商、交易商、商业银行和信托公司。任何公司股东或在任何司法管辖区受到制裁的其他实体参与本次要约，可能构成违法行为。

收购要约及相关的交付函包含重要信息，在就本次要约做出任何决定之前，应仔细阅读。

问题及协助请求可发送至下文列出的信息代理人的地址和电话号码。索取收购要约、交付函及其他要约文件的请求可发送至下文列出的信息代理人的地址和电话号码。股东也可以联系其经纪商、交易商、商业银行、信托公司或其他提名人，以寻求有关本次要约的协助。

本次要约的信息代理人为： D.F. King 公司 纽约市自由街 28 号 53 层 纽约，纽约州 10005

2026年8月31日

对牲畜致命的蝇类在两州重新出现

（接第一商业页）……根据该部门仪表盘上追踪已确认的螺旋蝇检测情况及受感染动物的数据。

当雌性螺旋蝇在开放性肌肉和伤口中进食并产卵时，动物就会被感染，如果不及时治疗，可能会导致死亡。其扩散将给畜牧业带来毁灭性打击。在20世纪60年代，螺旋蝇在德克萨斯州及其周边地区流行，在被根除之前，导致了数以万计的病例，据估计给德克萨斯州牧场主造成的年损失达2亿美元。

为了清除野外的蝇类，美国农业部在已知有野生蝇类分布的地区释放无菌雄蝇。雌蝇在死亡前仅交配一次，如果它们与无菌雄蝇交配，将无法产卵。尽管美国农业部希望仅释放无菌雄蝇，但其技术会同时培育出雄蝇和雌蝇，因此无菌雌蝇也会被释放。

2024年11月，墨西哥检测到了螺旋蝇，美国农业部自2025年7月起在边境沿线部署了不同类型的陷阱。该部门表示，这些陷阱是早期预警工具，旨在在害虫威胁动物和人类之前将其“遏制、控制并消除”。该部门还在使用成本更高的无人机和直升机，试图监测野生动物是否有感染迹象。

虽然被困在陷阱中的螺旋蝇会死亡，但目标并非杀死它们，而是监测它们的扩散路径。陷阱被放置在根据美国农业部数据建模确定的可能的螺旋蝇栖息地。截至8月11日，已有超过80,000只蝇类——例如那些……

捕捉致命螺虫蝇的努力尚未取得成效。

绿瓶蝇或带带金蝇——已被捕捉并送往实验室进行鉴定，但其中没有一只野生螺虫蝇。

自螺虫蝇在美国重新出现以来，动物中每日新增确诊病例数低于 1 例，陷阱中缺乏野生蝇类进一步证明，该国境内的螺虫蝇数量并不多。

美国农业部的一位发言人在一份声明中表示：“该地区可能只有极少数具有生育能力的蝇类，而非大规模或不断增长的本地种群。如果存在大规模的蝇类种群，我们看到的病例将比目前多得多。”

昆虫学家在很大程度上表示赞同，并称该部门的根除工作方向正确，但他们警告说，由于螺虫蝇一次产卵数百枚，只要有几次未被察觉的感染，数量就可能激增。

为了帮助控制该蝇类的传播，美国已暂停进口来自墨西哥的活牛一年多，不过从 8 月 24 日起，墨西哥牛获准进入亚利桑那州。每当在动物中检测到病例时，美国境内也会设立隔离区。

德克萨斯 A&M 大学昆虫学系主任菲利普·考夫曼（Phillip Kaufman）表示，尽管陷阱没有捕捉到任何野生蝇类，但它们为如何更好地部署无菌雄蝇提供了有用信息。

主要使用的陷阱是粘性陷阱，由一个大约相当于特大号纸巾卷大小的空心塑料管制成。陷阱上覆盖着 swormlure，这是一种由 10 种化学物质组成的极具刺激性的混合物，旨在模拟腐肉的气味。

考夫曼博士说：“这些材料的味道极其难闻。”

swormlure 将螺虫蝇吸引到陷阱中，使其粘在粘纸上。陷阱中的粘纸每周收集两次，并被送往由经过螺虫蝇鉴定培训的科学家所在的实验室。

科学家必须首先区分粘纸上捕捉到的螺虫蝇与任何其他金蝇（螺虫蝇所属的昆虫科）。然后，他们通过观察眼睛之间的距离（雌性螺虫蝇的眼睛距离较远）来确定螺虫蝇是雄性还是雌性。最后，他们必须判定该蝇类是野生雌蝇还是无菌雌蝇。

他们通过寻找荧光粉尘来区分，所有在巴拿马和墨西哥设施中培育的无菌蝇在培育时都会被涂上这种粉尘。有时粉尘在显微镜下可见，有时则需要黑光灯。如果没有荧光粉尘，则意味着发现了一只野生雌蝇。

据考夫曼博士称，该部门已经发现了一些被捕捉到的无菌雌蝇。陷阱会不断移动，以确保它们处于该部门认为的高风险区域，并避免捕捉到正在释放的无菌蝇。

北卡罗来纳州立大学的昆虫学家马克斯·斯科特（Max Scott）表示：“如果陷阱开始显示某个特定县的野生蝇类集中出现，这将影响在该县释放无菌蝇的数量。”

美国农业部每周在德克萨斯州和美国边境释放 1 亿只无菌蝇，并表示预计到明年此时，每周将释放 5 亿只。

然而，专家提醒道，虽然粘性陷阱和 swormlure 可能是寻找野生螺虫蝇的最佳方式，但它们也存在局限性。

部分原因是无菌蝇计划的效果太好，导致其他螺虫蝇防治技术（如蝇类陷阱）的改进滞后。无菌蝇技术开发于 20 世纪 50 年代，到 20 世纪 60 年代末，已基本将螺虫蝇从美国根除。到 2006 年，除巴拿马南部的一小块区域外，该蝇类已在中美洲被根除。

当威胁距离美国南部边境 2,000 英里时，提高监测技术的紧迫性并不高，在随后的几十年里，关于诱捕的研究也并不多。美国农业部少数几位具有螺虫蝇实地经验的员工中，有一位在几年前退休，最近被重新聘用。该部门宣布将拨款 1.05亿美元 资助 40 个研究项目，以帮助根除螺虫蝇。

其中一个局限性在于螺虫诱饵（swormlure）。科罗拉多州立大学动物科学教授杰西卡·梅特卡夫（Jessica Metcalf）表示，其气味基于腐肉。但螺虫蝇与其他丽蝇的区别在于，它以活体组织为食并在其中产卵。

因此，螺虫诱饵的效果可能较差，因为它未能很好地模拟真正吸引螺虫蝇的气味。

“这就是我们试图通过研究来填补的空白，”梅特卡夫博士说，“伤口和腐肉之间是否存在差异？”

美国宾夕法尼亚州西区破产法院 关于：CROWN BOILER CO., LLC / 第 11 章 债务人。案件编号：26-20515 (JCM) 提交债权证明延期截止日期通知

提交针对债务人 CROWN BOILER CO., LLC 债权证明的延期截止日期为 2026 年 10 月 5, 2026。请注意以下事项：

请注意以下事项： 2026 年 8 月 21, 2026, 美国宾夕法尼亚州西区破产法院发布了一项命令 [卷宗编号 475]（即“延期截止日期命令”），将 2026 年 10 月 5, 2026（即“延期截止日期”）设定为所有实体（包括政府单位）针对债务人 Crown Boiler Co., LLC 提交债权证明的通用截止日期，涵盖所有在债务人启动第 11 章案件之日（2026 年 2 月 25, 2026,）之前产生或被视为产生的所有债权，除非延期截止日期命令另有规定。

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尽管有上述规定，任何持有或主张石棉债权或保修债权的实体可以（但并非必须）在延期截止日期前提交债权证明。

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除非法院另有命令，任何被要求就针对债务人的债权提交债权证明但未能在延长期限截止日期前提交的实体，在第11章案件中就任何计划进行投票以及从债务人遗产财产中获得分配时，均不得被视为该债权的债权人。

关键定义。在本通知中，“实体”（Entity）、“政府单位”（Governmental Unit）、“关联方”（affiliate）以及“债权”（Claim）或“daim”等术语的含义与《破产法》第101条所赋予的含义相同。在本通知中，“石棉债权”（Asbestos Claims）是指任何债权（定义见《破产法》第101(5)条）或债务人的任何债务、责任或义务，无论目前存在还是此后产生，无论已知或未知，无论产生于侵权还是基于合同、保证、赔偿、分担、补偿、担保、代位求偿或任何其他法律、公平或准入理论，且直接或间接地由以下情况引起、导致或归因于：任何形式的所谓身体伤害、死亡、疾病、病症或所谓疾病过程、精神痛苦、对癌症的恐惧、医疗监测，或任何其他所谓的个人伤害或损害（无论是身体上的、情感上的，还是其他未诊断或已诊断的），是由额外原因（第11章案件）、原因或据称直接或间接由接触石棉或含石棉产品或其他含石棉材料引起，而这些材料由债务人或任何其他人员进行工程设计、设计、营销、制造、加工、构建、销售、供应、生产、安装、维护、服务、指定、选择、修理、移除、更换、发布、分发或以任何其他方式使用，且债务人对该人员的行为 (i) 承担责任或 (ii) 因债务人直接或间接拥有或控制、经营业务或与该人员进行任何交易而被指称承担责任，无论寻求的是补偿性、特殊、经济、非经济、惩罚性、示例性、行政性或任何其他成本、费用、禁令或类似救济或任何其他损害赔偿措施。石棉债权包括 (a) 根据任何协议已解决或有待解决的任何债权，以及基于判决或裁决的债权，以及 (b) 任何公司（定义见《破产法》第101(9)条）、保险公司、债务人的共同被告或债务人的前身就分担、偿还、代位求偿、补偿或任何其他衍生债权（无论是合同约定还是法律暗示）提出的债权（由于这些术语不适用于债务人的债权），因为债务人的条款必须撤回。尽管有上述规定，“石棉债权”一词不应包括 (i) 《破产法》第524(g)(5)条中定义的任何“要求”（demand），(ii) 任何作为债务人向其一般贸易债权人或商业债务持有人付款义务的债权，(iii) 任何根据工人赔偿法或自保健康计划产生的债权，(iv) 任何退还常规贸易或业务过程中销售产品的购买价格，或修理或更换该产品的义务债权，或 (v) 财政部条例 S 1.468B-1. (g) 项下的任何其他排除责任。

[...OMITTED...]

补充信息、一份延长债权申报截止日期命令（Extended Bar Date Order）副本、债权申报表以及关于本第 11 章案件的更多信息，可通过 Omni 的案件网站免费获取，或通过联系 Omni 获取。延长债权申报截止日期命令也可在法院网站 https: / www.pawb.uscourts.gov / 上付费查阅。如果您对债权申报的提交或处理有任何疑问，可通过 (888) 204-0736（美国和加拿大）或 (747) 293-0189（国际）联系债务人的债权代理机构 Omni，或发送电子邮件至 CrownBoole Inquiries@OmniAgrt.com。

建议您仔细审阅 OMN 案件网站上的延长债权申报截止日期命令及相关材料。您可能需要就此事咨询律师。

法院命令

农业 / 法院 / 经济

法院将预测市场等同于博彩

作者：劳伦·麦卡锡 (LAUREN McCARTHY)

一家联邦上诉法院裁定，各州有权监管预测市场。在与联邦监管机构就谁拥有流行投注平台的管辖权而展开的持续斗争中，这被视为各州的一次胜利。

位于旧金山的美国第九巡回上诉法院周五驳回了 Kalshi 针对内华达州博彩法的救济请求。此前，内华达州在今年 2 月以“无证经营”为由起诉了该公司。

预测市场（尤其是 Kalshi）在今年人气爆棚，吸引了数十亿美元的交易，涵盖的主题从选举、体育到真人秀节目不等。但其成功的激增引发了各州的抵制。

目前，有 20 个州正陷入关于预测市场是否受其博彩法约束的诉讼之中。

这场全国性的法律之争归根结底在于一场辩论：预测市场提供的是否属于“掉期”（swaps）——一种仅在联邦层面受监管的金融合约。

法官瑞安·尼尔森 (Ryan Nelson) 在周五发布的意见书中写道，Kalshi 的“体育赛事合约并非‘掉期’，因为它们是体育博彩”，且正如之前的联邦法院所判定，它们应受州博彩法的约束。7 月，Kalshi 已同意限制内华达州用户对体育、选举和娱乐项目进行投注。

但该裁决与费城第三巡回法院 4 月的一项决定相矛盾。第三巡回法院认为，根据《商品交易法》，Kalshi 的体育赛事合约属于掉期，因此在州法律面前享有联邦优先权。

“第九巡回法院现在制造了一个巡回法院之间的分歧，这需要最高法院来解决，”商品期货交易委员会（CFTC）的发言人扎克·富尔顿 (Zach Fulton) 表示。该联邦机构负责监管该行业。富尔顿先生表示，法院“在今天犯了错”，并指责其为《商品交易法》虚构了一个新的例外情况。

内华达州总检察长亚伦·福特 (Aaron Ford) 在一份声明中表示，他的办公室“很自豪能捍卫内华达州的权力”，并补充道：“第九巡回法院驳回了那种论点，并明确了我们从一开始就坚持的观点：体育博彩不会仅仅因为一家公司将其称为‘赛事合约’就变成其他东西。”

Kalshi 的发言人丹妮·莱弗 (Dani Lever) 表示，尽管法院持有此观点，但公司认为 CFTC 的规定并未禁止体育合约。“我们将寻求进一步的审查，”她说。

上个月，44 个州签署了一封表示异议的信函，认为“体育博彩不是掉期、期货或其他衍生品，因此 CFTC 缺乏监管它们的法定权力”。

关于预测市场由联邦还是州控制的问题，目前在第二、第四、第六和第七巡回上诉法院也处于待决状态。

随着 Kalshi 等平台的兴起，20 个州采取行动进行监管。

在通胀承诺之后，沃什面对利率之谜

摘自商业版第一页

NATALIE BEHRING / GETTY IMAGES

另一个月的温和通胀数据将减轻他在 9 月加息的压力。但正如市场对他 7 月最后一次会议的强烈反弹所表明的，他必须解释，不采取任何行动如何能与其对高通胀的零容忍态度相一致。

HAIYUN JIANG / THE NEW YORK TIMES

下个月加息将有助于支撑沃什先生通胀承诺的严肃性。然而，在期中选举前夕实施加息，将立即导致其与特朗普政府发生正面冲突。

“他面临着多方面的压力，”彼得森国际经济研究所高级研究员、国际货币基金组织前首席经济学家莫里斯·奥布斯特费尔德 (Maurice Obstfeld) 在会议间隙表示。“这是一个无法获胜的局面。”

语调的转变

沃什先生在周五的发言听起来像美联储的许多同行政策制定者，在通胀连续五年超过目标且抑制进度缓慢之后，他们已变得不再耐烦。他不仅对今年夏天显示价格压力减轻的数据不屑一顾，还暗示对于一个一直保持强劲增长速度的经济体来说，并没有太多的约束。他还明确表示，在劳动力市场稳定的情况下，美联储的重点主要在于应对通胀。

正是这些观点促使圣路易斯联邦储备银行行长阿尔伯托·G·穆萨莱姆（Alberto G. Musalem）在上个月支持加息。穆萨莱姆先生并非今年政策制定委员会的投票成员，因此他不是正式反对 7 月维持利率不变决定的三个人之一。

穆萨莱姆先生在一次采访中对沃什先生周五传递的信息表示赞同，尤其是沃什先生决定在需要采取某些紧缩措施之前，为通胀的退潮设定“一个水平和一种时间感”。

穆萨莱姆先生表示，他在进入 9 月会议前保持“非常开放的态度”，并传达出通过加息来压制通胀具有充分的理由。

考虑到他认为“既有供应因素，而且非常重要地，还有持续的需求力量将通胀推高至 2% 以上，我相信如果没有对通胀采取某些约束，18 个月后通胀显著高于目标的概率，将高于届时我们能够收敛至目标的概率”，他说道。

穆萨莱姆先生指出，虽然通胀预期并未表明市场对美联储实现 2% 目标的承诺失去信心，但这种信念取决于美联储是否能适当地调整其政策设置。

“如果我们不顾数据而延迟行动，预期可能会因此受到影响，”他说。“目前，通胀预期非常稳固，因为同样的市场预期我们在接下来的九个月左右将加息约 75 个基点。”

这种观点认为，加息 0.75 个百分点将确保经济活动受到一定的下行压力，从而在一定程度上帮助消除价格压力。

放弃前瞻性指引

沃什先生在周五的演讲中提出了一项恳求，熟悉他的与会者表示公众应当留意。在概述演讲内容时，这位主席打趣道：“千万不要把它称作前瞻性指引。”

然而，尽管沃什先生为自己留有了回旋余地，市场上的许多人仍迅速将其解读为正是如此。

“他表达得非常清楚：他并没有告诉我们他在下次会议上将怎么做，”曾在英格兰银行任职、现就职于麻省理工学院的克里斯汀·福布斯（Kristin Forbes）表示。尽管如此，福布斯女士承认，在面对市场将其解读为指引的情况下，沃什先生处于一个“棘手的境地”。

“他可能会感到压力，想要证实人们所说的话，从而再次陷入那个陷阱；或者他可能会感到压力，不想证实人们所说的话，以表明此类关于经济的演讲中并不包含指引，”福布斯女士说。“我认为他拥有足够的信誉，并且足够希望做正确的事，因此他不会仅仅为了给市场一个教训而做出决定。”

芝加哥联储主席奥斯坦·D·古尔斯比（Austan D. Goolsbee）在一次采访中表示，正确的决定取决于数据是否显示，由伊朗战争和特朗普总统的关税部分引起的最新一轮通货膨胀是具有持续性的，还是仅仅是消费者价格水平的一次性上涨。

“从理论上讲，等待的理由是，如果这种通货膨胀能够自行消失，那么你很容易引发一场本不需要的经济衰退，”古尔斯比先生说。

他表示，到目前为止，通胀数据仍然“模糊”，并指出服务业的价格压力依然高企。古尔斯比先生补充道，接近 0.3 percent 的月度通胀读数“远未达到目标”。“这不能证明我们正回向 2 percent 的目标迈进。”

7 月，在剔除波动较大的食品和能源价格后，美联储首选的通胀衡量指标以 0.246 percent 的未四舍五入月度增速上涨。

波士顿联储主席苏珊·C·柯林斯（Susan C. Collins）在一次采访中也承认通胀数据“错综复杂”，暗示提高利率并非必然结论，但如果短期内没有明显改善，这仍然是一个现实的可能性。

她反对这样一种观点，即她心中有一个特定的月度通胀增速阈值，一旦达到就会促使她向某个方向做出决定。

“政策应当基于经济的运行轨迹。在我看来，将上个月通胀的某个特定数字选作阈值，虽然这确实是我们掌握的重要信息的一部分，但它绝不是我尝试理解方向时唯一权衡的因素，”她说。

“如果我们看到了进展，且在政策的多个不同维度上存在足够的不确定性，我认为在这种背景下，主张维持利率不变是一个完全一致且深思熟虑的论点。”

基于美联储内部观点的分布情况，沃什先生将拥有决定权，以解决 9 月份可能出现的势均力敌的抉择。

曾在 2006 和 2010 年（当时沃什先生担任理事）担任美联储副主席的唐纳德·科恩（Donald Kohn）表示，如果计划于 Sept. 11, 发布的下一份消费者价格指数报告数据疲软，那么现在已经提供了思考框架的沃什先生，可以在 9 月份“理直气壮地”主张并证明维持利率不变是合理的。

“如果你决定不加息，你必须有一个充分的理由，”科恩先生就放弃加息发出了警告。

引发对峙

提高利率将使沃什先生立即与特朗普先生产生分歧，而后者一直竭力向美联储施压以降低利率。特朗普先生在经过一套复杂的筛选过程后亲手挑选了沃什先生担任此职，该过程的核心在于寻找一个能够支持其观点的人。

本月，当财政部长斯科特·贝森特（Scott Bessent）在长期美国政府债券收益率大幅上升之际采取出人意料的干预措施时，政府对低利率的渴望显露无遗。

美联储的政策制定者在官方层面坚称，这些干预措施并没有增加他们的工作难度，但有理由认为这产生了一些负面影响。

美联储主席凯文·M·沃什（Kevin M. Warsh）上周明确表示，央行的主要重点是应对通货膨胀。但在中期选举前加息将导致其与特朗普政府之间产生对峙。

首先，贝森特先生的行为模糊了美联储原本可以从国债收益率水平中获取的经济信号，而这些收益率反映了政策不确定性的增加、对国家债务负担的担忧以及更高的增长前景等因素。

此外，贝森特先生明确表示将采取措施压低借贷成本，这造成了一种收益率可能低于正常水平的情况。如果这导致整体金融环境的限制性降低，那么控制通胀可能会变得更加困难。

“任何涉及财政政策或债务管理的事情，财政部的行为都会影响市场和经济，从而影响美联储的行为，反之亦然，”曾任纽约联储高官、现就职于哥伦比亚大学的帕特里夏·莫瑟（Patricia Mosser）表示。“目标相悖通常不是一个明智的主意。”

一些人认为，与总统关系密切的沃什先生在美联储加息导致后果时，能更有效地进行管理。到目前为止，特朗普先生选择将未降低借贷成本的责任归咎于沃什先生的同事。

美联储官员们传达的统一信息是，他们并不觉得受到政治因素的制约。他们认为，如果选择放弃一项由数据证明必须采取的行动，那将更严重地危及他们的独立性。

“央行的时间表不是市场的时间表，也不是选举的时间表，因此我们经常面临与外部机构的紧张关系，”古尔斯比先生说道。

但在中期选举前违抗特朗普先生无疑会加剧紧张局势。

“如果他们有可能将其推迟到中期选举之后，这对该机构将是有利的，”曾任国际货币基金组织（I.M.F.）首席经济学家的哈佛大学教授肯尼斯·罗格夫（Kenneth Rogoff）表示。

“我们目前显然处于一场宪法危机之中。如果你试图维护美联储的独立性，是通过当面顶撞他来更好地维护，还是通过低调行事并等待到冬季来更好地维护？”

一个男人的追求：打造印度最宜居的城市

来自第一商业页

PRIYADARSHINI RAVICHANDRAN 为《纽约时报》拍摄 PRIYADARSHINI RAVICHANDRAN 为《纽约时报》拍摄

上方为阿马拉瓦蒂量子谷（Amaravati Quantum Valley）及城市的数字化蓝图，右上方为阿马拉瓦蒂科技枢纽建设现场的工人。政府开始从 30,000 名农民手中征集 35,000 英亩土地用于建设这座新城市，该城市以古代安得拉王国的首都命名。量子谷是 N. 钱德拉巴布·奈杜（N. Chandrababu Naidu）试图打造的经济引擎和科技标识，旨在推动其新城市的崛起——正如软件产业之于海得拉巴一样。

由著名的英国建筑师福斯特（Foster）设计。这座城市采用网格状布局，其中包括一段约五英里长的政府办公区。

整个区域的中心将是一座带有高尖顶的立法议会大厦，周围环绕着一个淡水湖。行政办公室将分布在五座高层塔楼中，可容纳 16,000 名员工。其中最高的一座将是州首席部长的办公地，其楼顶设有直升机停机坪。

预计新城市的 60% 将被水域或绿地覆盖，并将包含近 2,000 英里的自行车道。

数亿美元已投入到该市“量子谷”中占地 50 英亩的园区。到 1 月，该园区的核心建筑将安置一台 156 量子比特的 IBM 量子计算机，该建筑具备抗震保护，可抵御极微小的震动。计划到 2029 年底建成八座塔楼，以容纳 88,000 名工程师。

奈杜先生就住在施工现场附近。

当他离开住所向左转走向临时政府办公室时，他看到的是等待铺设到地下的成堆下水道管、土堆和散落的机械。道路分隔带上的年轻三角梅花正在绽放，预示着他的城市将崛起。

挑战重重：由于工人返回原籍州参加选举投票，劳动力下降了高达 15%；同时，中东战争导致燃料价格上涨。奈杜先生的雄心还将面临印度一个常规现实的考验——围绕新基础设施失效的丑闻，从桥梁坍塌到机场淹水。

被奈杜先生委派监督该项目的官员维杰·拉马·拉朱 V（Vijay Rama Raju V）表示，该州希望展示现代印度能够交付的新标准。

“并不是说不再有钱了。在印度，我们不能再这么说了，”他说。

救赎计划

对于奈杜先生而言，阿马拉瓦蒂（Amaravati）既关乎救赎，也关乎传承。

在 20 世纪 90 年代后期，他帮助海得拉巴（当时是安得拉邦的首府）转型为技术中心。他引入了微软等巨头，并培养了当地的人才库，此后这些人才成为了全球一些最大科技公司的领导者。

但在 2014 年，安得拉邦被分裂为两个邦。奈杜先生成为了被削减领土后的新安得拉邦首席部长，而海得拉巴则归属于新成立的特伦甘纳邦。

他将失去海得拉巴描述为其政治生涯中最糟糕的一天。安得拉邦不仅失去了一个主要的收入来源，还失去了一个代表技术实力的愿景象征。奈杜先生被留下来负责的邦境内债台高筑，且缺乏一座合适的城市来安置权力中心。

在我们访问期间，奈杜先生未能接受采访。他的儿子纳拉·洛凯什（Nara Lokesh）在父亲的政府中领导几个关键部门，他将那段时期描述为令人沮丧的。

“就在一个美好的早晨，你被扔了出来，对方说‘走吧，这里不再属于你了’，”他说。

2014 年，该家族乘坐直升机离开海得拉巴，降落在维杰亚瓦达（Vijayawada）的机场，那里正是新首府工程最终启动的地区。

“那不过是个铁皮棚。我流泪了，”洛凯什先生在谈到机场时说。“这很痛苦，但正是这种痛苦给了我们那股火焰，那股能量，让我们说‘我要击败他们’。”

政府开始从 30,000 名农民那里征集 35,000 英亩土地，用于建设这座名为阿马拉瓦蒂的新城市——该名称取自古代安得拉王国一个 2 世纪的首府。尽管专家委员会建议他不要建立集中的首府，并敦促他实行政府权力下放，但奈杜先生仍执意推进该项目。批评者指责他追求虚荣工程，浪费宝贵的肥沃土地。与南亚许多领导人一样，奈杜先生钦佩新加坡城邦的效率和生产力。因此，他寻求新加坡政府的帮助来制定总体规划。

当他面临部分农民的抵制时，他引入了适度的年金支付，直到他们收到面积较小但价值更高的开发土地地块。他安排农民分成小组前往新加坡，让他们直观地感受他心中那座闪亮城市的愿景，而这在他们的香蕉林中是无法想象的。

但一段时间后，这一切都崩溃了：奈杜先生在 2019 年的选举中失去了权力。

他被曾经的盟友莫迪先生指控腐败和裙带关系。在他处于反对派期间，州当局在 2023 年将他监禁了数周，而这些指控在他重新掌权后被撤销。在他失去权力的五年里，阿马拉瓦蒂的工程停滞了。他的继任者提出了关于首府城市的替代方案。

随后，奈杜先生在两年前的选举中重新上台。

他与莫迪先生达成和解，并在总理的国家联盟中获得了“造王者”的地位，这赋予了他影响力。莫迪先生帮助他通过了立法，宣布阿马拉瓦蒂为安得拉邦无可争议的首府。而奈杜先生正利用新德里的好感，引入数十亿美元的贷款，为新城市核心区的建设提供资金。

他的信条是：“速度，速度，速度。”

信仰之跃

附近的量子谷（Quantum Valley）是奈杜先生试图打造的经济引擎和技术标识，旨在推动他的新城市发展——就像软件业曾经在海得拉巴所起到的作用一样。

奈杜先生（左）与总理纳伦德拉·莫迪在5月期间的合影。总理曾指责奈杜先生贪腐，但两人现已达成和解。 ANI，经路透社提供

2024年年底，在就职几个月后，他邀请了一组来自南印度顶尖技术机构——马德拉斯印度理工学院（IIT Madras）的科学家到他家中做客。该学院院长V. 卡马科蒂（V. Kamakoti）通过推介他认为的未来技术竞赛——量子计算，激发了奈杜先生的雄心。

他告诉奈杜先生，经典计算将无法满足金融、农业和制药行业的需求。卡马科蒂先生表示，虽然市场收益可能还需要几年时间才能实现，但全球主要大国和最大的科技公司都在进行投资。

奈杜先生被说服了。

“他正在进行一次信仰之跃，”卡马科蒂先生说。

奈杜先生希望他的新首都城市能成为一个量子计算生态系统，包括引入学术机构以建立量子专家的专业人才储备。他从海得拉巴的经验中吸取了教训，意识到仅精通软件是不够的：印度需要开始在硬件方面进行创新并塑造供应链。

去年，奈杜先生手持翻页笔，进行了一场面向全州数十万名大学生的讲座。

“量子技术为印度提供了一个早早进入该领域的罕见机会，而不是在以后才追赶，”他告诉学生们，“你们思考的是明天，而我思考的是接下来的20年。”

部分记者被拒绝参加G20会议

作者：本杰明·马林（BENJAMIN MULLIN）

本周，当来自全球最强大国家的领导人们聚集在北卡罗来纳州阿什维尔参加二十国集团（G20）财政会议时，来自全球各新闻编辑室的大批记者将与他们一同出席。

然而，其中将缺失来自美国三大最大新闻编辑室的几名记者。

美国财政部未向《纽约时报》、 《华尔街日报》和彭博新闻社的个别记者发放报道此次活动的凭证。此次会议将吸引全球最大经济体的财政部长和央行行长参加。

为《纽约时报》报道财政部事务的经济政策记者艾伦·拉佩波特（Alan Rappeport）被排除在会议之外。自2017年开始报道该部门以来，他曾亲自参加过近十次G7和G20会议。

《华尔街日报》的经济记者马特·格罗斯曼（Matt Grossman）也被拒绝发放凭证。《华尔街日报》的一位发言人拒绝置评。

《纽约时报》发言人妮可·泰勒（Nicole Taylor）在一份声明中表示，这一决定“不仅是政府削弱独立新闻业的又一次令人不安的尝试，而且是企图逃避公众监督的公然行为”。

声明称：“随着伊朗战争、制裁、债券市场和通货膨胀被列入G20财长的议程，这次集会对全球经济和美国人民而言至关重要。”

财政部的一位发言人在声明中表示，该部门将欢迎“来自约十几个国家的近300名媒体成员”，包括来自全国公共广播电台（NPR）、《华盛顿邮报》和半岛电视台的记者。

该发言人表示：“贝森特（Bessent）部长将在整个活动期间参与多次媒体活动，包括与涵盖整个政治光谱的当地和国家媒体进行一对一采访。媒体成员在整个活动期间将拥有高度接触政策制定者的机会，而这种接触随之而来的是报道与既定新闻标准一致的真实信息的责任。”

财政部发言人补充说，一名来自《纽约时报》的记者将会出席。该部门向《纽约时报》柏林分社社长吉姆·坦克斯利（Jim Tankersley）发放了凭证，他负责报道德国及欧洲其他地区。

一名《纽约时报》发言人表示，该报华盛顿分社社长迪克·史蒂文森（Dick Stevenson）周四致信财政部，请求相关官员重新考虑不给拉佩波特先生发放凭证的决定。到目前为止，他们尚未撤回决定。

排除个别记者的决定，是特朗普政府限制部分记者接触信息的最新案例。

去年，五角大楼实施了一项限制性的新闻政策，促使数十名来自主流出版物的记者通过交回新闻证以示抗议。《纽约时报》起诉了五角大楼，认为新政策违反了第一修正案，一名法官随后裁定该政策违宪。

特朗普的委内瑞拉石油协议依赖于一个强大且极具争议的合作伙伴

来自商业版第一页

来自商业版第一页 ……关于我们国家复兴的协议”，并 为政府创造超过 2000 亿美元 billion 的 税收收入。

特朗普先生将该协议描述为让美国对该国很大一部分储备拥有“多数控制权”，尽管这项高度非传统的安排在周六下午许多细节仍不明确，且预计在项目启动后会发生变化。

该协议代表了特朗普先生自 1 月派遣美国特种部队试图抓捕该国领导人尼古拉斯·马杜罗，并开始与现任政府领导人、其副总统罗德里格斯女士密切合作以来，在委内瑞拉石油工业领域最直接的一次尝试。

据一名熟悉其想法的人士透露，对于特朗普先生而言，该协议推进了他重塑全球能源市场并增强美国能源安全的追求。该人士表示，特朗普先生认为，来自委内瑞拉的额外石油将削弱中东国家的市场影响力，并有助于稳定能源价格，而自美国和以色列在 2 月开始攻击伊朗以来，能源价格已大幅上涨。

委内瑞拉任何实质性的新产量都需要数年时间才能实现。因此，这一努力对全球大宗商品价格（进而决定美国消费者的支付价格）不会产生立即影响。

据《纽约时报》报道，美国第二大石油公司雪佛龙（Chevron）也在就扩大在委内瑞拉的产量进行深入谈判，这将进一步扩大美国的势力范围。

委内瑞拉的证实石油储量位居世界前列，但其能源工业已被管理不善、腐败和美国制裁所摧毁。其目前的日产油量略高于 100 万桶，约占全球产量的 1%，与马杜罗先生执政期间的份额大致相当。

从大体上看，美国预计将获得优先获取廉价委内瑞拉石油的权利，这是特朗普政府在寻求增强对美洲石油生产影响力时的关键目标。

北美蓝色能源合作伙伴公司（North American Blue Energy Partners，简称 NABEP）将受益于美国政府的直接支持，这将使该公司在美国持续对委内瑞拉经济实施制裁的情况下，更容易获得融资和供应。与特朗普政府合作还应能使该公司免受委内瑞拉政治波动的影响。

美国国务院通过一名美国官员表示，该协议将有效地让美国获得合资企业 55% 的产量。白宫和国务院均未回答关于贝坦库尔先生的角色、其公司或协议结构的具体问题。

NABEP 在给《时报》的一份声明中表示，期待与美国政府合作重建委内瑞拉的能源工业，但补充说“现在就评论我们公司将扮演的具体角色还为时过早”。贝坦库尔先生拒绝就本文接受采访。

据两名知情人士透露，根据协议，美国政府将有权通过一种被称为“认股权证”的金融工具获得 NABEP 或相关实体的股份。认股权证允许其持有者以预定价格购买公司的股票。认股权证可以交易，其价值随发行公司股票价格的涨跌而波动。

根据其网站，总部位于巴巴多斯的 NABEP 日产量约为 200,000 桶。据一名接近该公司的人士透露，该公司计划承担高达 50 亿美元 billion 的债务，以便在未来五年内将产量提高到 100 万桶。

贝坦库尔先生，46, 在 2010 年代崭露头角，当时……

一家与加拉加斯政府关系密切的石油公司。

委内瑞拉政府向他及其合伙人授予了在全国范围内建设众多发电厂的合同，尽管他们此前并没有从事此类工作的经验。这些交易让投资者们获得了“bolichicos”的绰号，意为“玻利瓦尔男孩”，是指那些从政府所谓的“玻利瓦尔革命”中获利的新一批商人。

贝坦库尔先生后来购买了一家名为 Petrozamora 的石油公司的股份，该公司在委内瑞拉西部的马拉开波湖经营成熟油田。这些油田成为了 NABEP 的核心，该公司自 2024 年以来收购了新油田并显著提高了产量。

苏黎世的检察官对贝坦库尔先生的个人银行账户进行了十多年的调查，但他在瑞士尚未被正式起诉。

NABEP 的总法律顾问萨拉·舒拉基（Sara Chouraqui）在一份声明中表示：“贝坦库尔先生在任何司法管辖区都从未被指控犯罪。”

一名熟悉美国政府努力的人士表示，自 1 月份推翻马杜罗先生以来，特朗普政府一直依赖贝坦库尔先生来帮助在委内瑞拉组建商业风险投资和合作伙伴关系。

特朗普政府去年开始研究贝坦库尔先生的情况，因为其在马杜罗先生被移除后，正在寻找能够帮助其推进美国利益的合作伙伴。包括国务卿马可·鲁比奥（Marco Rubio）在内的华盛顿官员对贝坦库尔先生提高石油产量的记录持积极看法，在由国家运营油田主导且陷入低迷的行业中，这是一个罕见的成功案例。

据一名接近该政府的人士透露，正是这一业绩记录使得特朗普政府忽略了多年来围绕在贝坦库尔先生身边的腐败指控。

该熟悉美国政府努力的人士表示，今年，国务院官员试图向瑞士政府施压，要求其放宽对贝坦库尔先生的调查，并要求英国政府取消对他的旅行限制。国务院还向贝坦库尔先生发放了赴美的多次往返签证，以便他能与特朗普政府的官员会面。

《华盛顿邮报》此前已报道了该政府帮助贝坦库尔先生的详细细节。

五角大楼没有回答关于其战略资本办公室将如何与贝坦库尔先生的公司合作的具体问题。五角大楼新闻秘书金斯利·威尔逊（Kingsley Wilson）表示，该办公室“对潜在交易进行广泛的尽职调查和全面的法律审查，以满足所有适用的法律和监管要求”。

朱莉·图尔克维茨（Julie Turkewitz）和西蒙·罗梅罗（Simon Romero）参与了报道。

个人理财

FAFSA 承诺将迎来“令人愉悦”的修复

官员们表示，相关变更将简化这一曾给申请者带来压力的大学财务援助申请表。

TILL LAUER

您的理财顾问 作者：ANN CARRNS

联邦官员希望填写 FAFSA 大学学生援助申请表能变得“令人愉悦”，但目前可能尚未达到这个程度。不过，在三年前一场臭名昭著的技术崩溃引发修复之后，这款在线申请表或许将开始摆脱其繁琐的名声。

针对 2027-28 学年的 FAFSA 更新目前正在进行测试，并计划在 10 月 1 日（传统的年度开放日期）前向学生广泛开放。

“它已经有了巨大的进步，”华盛顿特区特许学校网络 KIPP DC 的大学准备与校友支持项目高级执行董事朱莉娅·赫尔米希（Julia Hellmich）表示。KIPP DC 的学生参与了本月对新表格的测试。

根据联邦学生援助办公室（Federal Student Aid）官员以及参与测试的倡导者和家长的说法，新表格通常可以快速完成，并且能比之前的版本更快地向学生提供财务援助资格的预估值。

一个政府网站对此持乐观态度，告知用户新版 FAFSA 有“很多值得期待的地方”。该网站称，包括对部分问题措辞的微调在内的变更，“旨在让申请体验更快捷、更令人愉悦”。

对于许多家庭来说，这应该是个好消息，因为今年学生援助领域出现了一些令人担忧的变化，包括针对家长和研究生教育贷款的新借款限额。

FAFSA 现在增加了一项新功能（于 4 月添加到当前的 2026-27 年度表格中，并将保留在即将到来的 10 月版本中），这可能会让部分学生感到反感：内置的欺诈检测筛查，这可能要求部分学生在填写表格时通过摄像头验证身份。

以下是关于今年申请表需要了解的信息。

什么是 FAFSA？

FAFSA 是“联邦学生援助免费申请表”（Free Application for Federal Student Aid）的缩写，是寻求高中之后学习的联邦财务援助的学生必须填写的表格。该表格收集学生及其父母的个人和财务信息，并计算联邦援助的资格，包括助学金、勤工俭学计划和低成本贷款。

许多州和许多大学也使用该表格来分配其自身的基于需求的援助。根据促进大学就读的非营利组织“国家大学成就网络”（National College Attainment Network）的数据，每年通常有约 200 万名高中高年级学生填写该表格。研究表明，填写了 FAFSA 的高中高年级学生在毕业后立即就读大学的可能性更高。

今年的情况预计会顺利吗？

是的，根据被称为“Beta 测试”的早期试用情况来看。国家大学成就网络的发言人埃迪·康罗伊（Eddy Conroy）表示：“99% 的运行情况都很顺利。”该组织的几家成员机构参与了此次测试，测试于 8 月初开始，并于周一扩大到了更广泛的学生群体。

根据教育部的数据，在 Beta 测试的第一阶段，约有 2,300 份表格被完成，未来几周将处理更多数量的表格。

在广泛发布前对表格进行实时测试已成为常规操作，旨在尽早发现潜在问题。2023 年秋季，在拜登政府对表格进行重大改革期间，严重的故障导致表格的可用时间延迟了约三个月。2024 年，在早期测试帮助识别问题后，情况有所改善，但表格仍延迟了一个月。去年秋季，在特朗普政府领导下，FAFSA 按时向公众开放。

我可以参与测试吗？

早期的测试人员是由教育部在七个州（阿拉巴马州、亚利桑那州、加利福尼亚州、佛罗里达州、密西西比州、纽约州和宾夕法尼亚州）以及华盛顿特区、波多黎各和马绍尔群岛（该地与美国关系密切）选定的社区团体和学校邀请的。

您可以通过在 StudentAid.gov 提交在线申请来加入最新的测试阶段。如果您被选中，将收到电子邮件通知。如果您在测试期间填写了表格，之后无需再次提交；在测试期间提交的表格是正式的 FAFSA。

财务援助专家表示，等到 10 月再填写表格也没关系。美国国家学生财务援助管理员协会（National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators）的政策分析师萨拉·奥斯汀（Sarah Austin）表示，在那个时间点之前提交“没有优势也没有劣势”，除非您想从待办事项清单中划掉一项任务。她说：“如果 10 月对您来说是一个非常繁忙的月份，您完全可以现在申请参与。”

现年 57 岁、居住在华盛顿且是一名兼职学生的莱斯利·史密斯（Leslie Smith）表示，她和她的女儿（美国大学一名大二学生）都在由 College Track（一个全国性的大学准备和完成计划）主办的一场活动中填写了表格。史密斯女士说：“我喜欢把事情处理掉。”她说，因为她之前填写过表格，所以大部分信息已经在那儿了。她花的时间不到 15 分钟就完成了填写。

奥斯汀女士表示，一旦表格向公众开放，通常最好尽快提交。这是因为各州和大学的援助资金可能有限，且通常会为申请设定优先截止日期，有些早至 1 月中旬。如果您等待时间太长，可能会错过大学资金。

今年的表格有哪些预期变化？

康罗伊先生表示，一个受欢迎的变化是，学生和家庭在提交表格后的一两分钟内，应该就能获得联邦援助资格的预估值。此前，他们必须等待数日。

他说，这是一个显著的进步，因为学生及其父母经常在晚上或周末的研讨会上填写表格。有了快速响应，他们可以讨论结果，并在回家时对能获得多少大学援助有更好的了解，而不需要在之后再次跟进。

前 FAFSA 项目主任亚伦·莱蒙-斯特劳斯（Aaron Lemon-Strauss）表示，根据当前 FAFSA 和反映首次填写者及重复填写者的 Beta 测试数据，目前每人完成表格的平均时间约为 10 分钟。他说，过去可能需要一小时或更长时间。

阿拉巴马州 Possible（一个促进大学就读的非营利反贫困组织）副主任马尼莎·米什拉（Manisha Mishra）表示，8 月 20 日在阿拉巴马州特拉斯维尔的一所高中举行的 FAFSA 测试活动共有 127 个家庭参加。她说，大多数人在大约 15 到 20 分钟内完成了表格。

在 KIPP DC，今年有 175 名学生参与了测试，其中 40% 的学生在现场活动中完成了表格。一名发言人表示，这比去年 KIPP DC 首次加入测试时的 20% 有所增加。

表格是否有新的安全功能？

联邦学生援助部门表示，为了减少学生援助欺诈，FAFSA 在 4 月份增加了所谓的实时身份筛选工具。根据内置工具的分析，被认为具有“高风险”的参与者将被要求通过在摄像头前出示政府颁发的身份证件（如驾驶执照）来确认身份。根据 7 月份一次关于高等教育欺诈峰会上提供的摘要，用于评估风险的因素可能包括暗示自动化的鼠标和键盘移动，以及申请人的位置是否与其家庭和学校地址相符。官员们表示，高风险筛选可能会影响约 3% 的 FAFSA 填写者。

亲爱的客户，窃贼可能正觊觎您的房产。不必担心。

一封关于地址变更的抵押贷款服务商信函，将作者带入了一个银行的迷宫，并引发了关于房产契据盗窃的疑问。

ALAIN PILON

这件事是怎么发生的？ 作者：RON LIEBER

假期归来，欢迎回家！有人可能偷走了你的房子。

这并非我的抵押贷款服务商 PNC 银行在纸质信函中表达的精确原意，但已经很接近了。

信函顶部用大号字体显示了一个醒目的感叹号，随后是一条令人不安的消息——“我们正在确认您的地址变更”。信中接着写道：“由于您或共同账户持有人直接向 PNC 或通过美国邮政服务提交了地址变更申请，我们最近收到了您账户的地址信息变更。”

我的妻子和我从未提交过此类申请。但在一个房产契据盗窃（即试图直接将你的财产从你名下窃取的行为）猖獗的世界里，这封信预示着窃贼可能在搞鬼。

但事实真是这样吗？要回答这个问题，比预想中要困难得多。

在查看 PNC 网站且未发现地址变更证据后，我按照信中的指示拨打了上面的 800 电话。在这种情况下，最好的做法是首先确保信函本身并非伪造，并将电话号码与公司官网进行核对。

电话中的客服代表无法解释这封信，在她的系统中也没有看到相关记录，并告诉我可以直接忽略。这并不能让我安心，于是她告诉我，我可以为账户增加一层安全保护，但前提是我必须前往 PNC 分行。

在曼哈顿百老汇 200 号，我遇到了耐心十足的分行银行员乔纳森·维拉戈梅兹（Jonathan Villagomez）。他对这个所谓的增强安全功能并不知情，于是他先后打了两个电话试图查明情况。

在第二次通话期间，他将电话递给了我。我花了大约 15 分钟与一名代表沟通试图理清此事，而该代表最终表示，实际上并没有任何额外的安全保护层。这次分行之行纯粹是浪费了所有人的时间。

根据我最终联系到的一位 PNC 发言人的说法，我在前往分行之前在电话中接触的第一位代表，其说法既对又错。银行确实误发了这封信，因此忽略它是没问题的。在某个环节中，由于其一项记录中缺失了我们的公寓号，触发了系统错误，导致系统认为有人更改了我们的地址。

但那位代表关于有额外安全保护可用地说法是错误的。我们已经设置了双重身份验证（如果窃贼无法拦截银行实时发送的验证码，这可以防止他们进入你的账户），而这已经是我们能做的最好的保护了。

银行发言人表示，该行正致力于确保其代表“在处理此类事件相关问题时拥有明确的指导方针”。

对于拥有数百万客户的大银行来说，错误在所难免。因此，像我们收到这种令人惊恐的邮件也是必然的，不过银行能确认其检测到的地址变更是否真实且有意，这一点很好。但事实上，我们确实可以采取更多措施来保护房产契据，于是我们采取了行动。

包括我们所在的地区在内的许多地方政府机构，都允许用户为房产契据的任何变更设置提醒。因此，我们通过访问一个纽约市的网站完成了设置。

快速搜索你所在城镇或县的名字以及类似“房产保护提醒”（property protection alerts）的词条应该能找到该页面，但请警惕虚假的政府网站。如果你所在的地区没有此类提醒服务，请要求你的民选官员增加该功能。

还有 EquityProtect，每年支付 $149.99，它将允许你使用其开发的一套可以阻止房产契据盗窃的流程。该公司会在你的产权上加一种“锁”，为那些伪装成合法所有者并试图出售你的房产或以此抵押贷款的窃贼设置障碍。

EquityProtect 的业务发展副总裁乔恩·多维迪奥（Jon Dovidio）表示，我对 PNC 银行发出警示是正确的。他向我讲述了皇后区一个令人心惊胆战的案例：一名继承房产的所有者收到抵押贷款服务机构关于地址变更的电子邮件。他联系该公司后发现，有人已经还清了贷款。当他前往该房产时，发现建筑工人正将他童年时期的相册扔进垃圾桶。

我没有注册 EquityProtect，目前可能也不会注册，所以这并不一定是对该服务的认可。契据盗窃通常发生在犯罪分子利用老年业主，或瞄准业主可能近期去世且继承人迟到或分心的空置房产时。这不符合我们的情况，但如果符合，我会认真考虑 EquityProtect 提供的服务是否值得。

不过，你或你身边的人可能符合这种情况。如果确实如此，不要让你的纸质邮件或电子邮件堆积。毕竟，你的下一封信可能就是关键信息。

《纽约时报》 烹饪

适合每种风格的食谱与灵感。赠送一份《纽约时报》烹饪频道礼品订阅。nytcooking.com / gift

MARK LAMBIE / EL PASO TIMES, VIA USA TODAY NETWORK 。

小说家本杰明·阿里雷·萨恩斯逝世，享年71岁，他曾在边境找到归属感

作者：杰雷·隆曼（JERÉ LONGMAN）

本杰明·阿里雷·萨恩斯（Benjamin Alire Sáenz）2020年在埃尔帕索的照片。他在那里找到了自己的声音和被接纳的感觉，并度过了大部分职业生涯。

本杰明·阿里雷·萨恩斯，首位获得 PEN / 福克纳奖（PEN / Faulkner Award）的拉丁裔小说家，他通过诗歌和散文探讨了美国与墨西哥之间物理、心理及文化边境上的身份、归属感和性取向。他于7月28日在埃尔帕索逝世，享年71岁。

他的妹妹格洛丽亚·伍兹（Gloria Woods）表示，他在医院因肺部疾病并发症去世。

萨恩斯先生（发音为 "signs"）在生活的方方面面都体验到了边境的流动性：在埃尔帕索与隔着格兰德河的姐妹城市——墨西哥华雷斯城的往返旅途中；在英语和西班牙语的双语性中；在他作为儿童、青少年及文学小说作家所探索的主题中；以及他复杂的人生经历中——他曾是一名天主教神父，在离开神职后结婚并离婚，随后在54岁时公开承认自己是同性恋。

萨恩斯先生占据了“那种阈限空间；我会称之为生活在两者之间”，他在德克萨斯大学埃尔帕索分校创意写作系主任、好友丹尼尔·查孔（Daniel Chacón）的一次采访中这样说道。

萨恩斯先生经常说，写作为他带来了治愈性的救赎，使他从童年遭受性虐待和成年后药物滥用的双重创伤中解脱。在他探索自我的旅程中，写作也为他带来了清晰的认知、方向和希望。

“我想，我写所有的书都是为了救自己的命，”他在2013年告诉《德克萨斯月刊》（Texas Monthly）。

他出生在新墨西哥州的一个小农场，职业生涯的大部分时间生活在向南约50英里的埃尔帕索，他在那里完成了学业，找到了自己的声音和被接纳的感觉。

在埃尔帕索，他目睹并经历了针对墨西哥裔美国人的歧视和种族主义，而这一群体占该市人口的80%以上。在2023年的一次 TEDx 演讲中，他将这个社区描述为“过于勤奋、过于宽容且过于慷慨，以至于无法生活在愤怒和狂怒之中”。

“我相信作家的职责是见证，我想见证边境不仅仅是一个[脏话]隐喻，我们是真实的人，”他在2017年告诉《Con Safos》杂志。

他的二十多本书中，大部分故事发生在美墨边境。其中评价最高的两部作品出版于2012年：一部是获得2013年 PEN / 福克纳奖的故事集《一切始于肯塔基俱乐部并终结于此》（Everything Begins and Ends at the Kentucky Club），另一部是《亚里士多德与但丁发现宇宙的秘密》（Aristotle and Dante Discover the Secrets of the Universe），后者在2021年被《时代》杂志评为有史以来最优秀的100部青少年小说之一。该书的电影版于2022年发行。

肯塔基俱乐部是位于华雷斯城、距离边境仅几个街区之南的一家真实的禁酒时代酒吧。萨恩斯的这部故事集揭示了那些陷入暴力痛苦和药物自我毁灭中的边缘人群的生活，以及那些在绝望中寻找救赎的人。

“我们，在边境的人，想要生存，”他在2013年告诉《洛杉矶图书评论》（The Los Angeles Review of Books）。“我写的是生存的故事。讲述者幸存了下来才得以讲述这个故事。我就是那些幸存者之一。”

在其中一个名为《伤害游戏》（The Hurting Game）的故事中，叙述者迈克尔讨论了他无法与朋友建立亲密关系的情况，萨恩斯先生表示，这是他自己在遭受虐待后经历的一种焦虑。迈克尔说：“有些人知道如何去爱，而有些人不知道。汤姆是前者，我是后者。我不知道我们之中谁更惨。”

萨恩斯先生在2022年参加公共广播节目《Latino USA》时提到，《亚里士多德与但丁》在出版的第一周仅售出11本，结果令人失望。

得益于强有力的评论以及由《汉密尔顿》的剧作家兼词曲作者林-曼努埃尔·米兰达（Lin-Manuel Miranda）朗读的有声书，《亚里士多德与但丁》的销量最终突破了100万册。这本书被翻译成至少二十多种语言，成为他知名度最高且商业上最成功的作品。

“我想，我写所有的书都是为了拯救我的生命，”这位前天主教神父说道。

《亚里士多德与但丁》讲述了阿里意识到自己爱上了朋友但丁，并最终克服恐惧、承认自己感情的过程。萨恩斯先生表示，为了能写出《肯塔基俱乐部》和《亚里士多德与但丁》，他本人也需要经历这样一次情感的宣泄。

1994年，他与埃尔帕索的一位家庭法院法官帕特里夏·马西亚斯结婚。这段婚姻在2008年以离婚告终。那是一段动荡且决定性的时期，期间他接受了药物和酒精滥用的治疗，并在治疗过程中确定了自己的同性恋身份，并停止为自己曾遭受性虐待而自责。

在参加《拉丁美洲美国》（Latino USA）节目时，萨恩斯先生在谈到虐待受害者时说：“我们觉得我们永远像个骗子。”他说，他的治疗师引导他走向康复，部分方式是询问是谁写了他的书。他说当然是他写的——对此，治疗师宽慰地回答道：“你不是一个冒牌货。”

本杰明·阿里雷·萨恩斯于1954年8月16日出生在新墨西哥州奥德皮卡乔（Old Picacho）的农业社区，在拉斯克鲁塞斯附近的梅西拉（Mesilla）一个农场长大，父母是胡安·萨恩斯和埃洛伊莎（阿里雷）·萨恩斯。作为七个孩子中的第四个，他在《拉丁美洲美国》节目中说，他唯一拥有的私人物品就是一个牙刷。

在5或6岁时，他开始遭受一名家庭成员的性虐待。他从未公开指认施暴者，也没有评论虐待持续了多久。

他在TEDx演讲中表示，这段暴力经历让他感到“恐惧和困惑”，并开始寻找一个比他所认知的世界“更温柔的世界”。这引导他在书中发现了那个更好的世界。他说，随后他会躺在家外的棉田里，在云朵中寻找大象和棕榈树的形状，并在脑海中构思故事。

他在一个天主教家庭长大，最初的志向是成为神父。他于1977年获得丹佛圣托马斯神学院的学士学位，在比利时的鲁汶大学学习神学，并于1981年被授予神职。

三年后他离开了神职人员队伍。多年后他在采访中解释说，他发现教会缺乏他所希望的——即捍卫社会正义和穷人的使命。同时，他也意识到了自己的性觉醒以及成为作家的愿望，并提到在性虐待丑闻频发的背景下，他无法继续担任天主教会的发言人。

2021年，他告诉《埃尔帕索公司》（El Paso Inc.）杂志：“太痛苦了。”

他进入德克萨斯大学埃尔帕索分校，于1987年获得创意写作硕士学位，随后在斯坦福大学获得奖学金期间写了他的第一本诗集《尘埃之历》（Calendar of Dust）。该书在1992年获得了美国图书奖。但埃尔帕索召唤着他——

CINCO PUNTOS PRESS

SIMON & SCHUSTER

（图中）从上至下，他的2012年短篇小说集获得了 PEN / 福克纳奖，而《亚里士多德与但丁》被评为100部最佳青少年小说之一。

他不顾斯坦福同事的建议，回到了这座边境城市。

萨恩斯先生在TEDx演讲中说：“我从未真正觉得自己像个美国人，但在埃尔帕索我一直有家的感觉。”

除了他的妹妹，他的遗属还包括两个兄弟，里卡多·萨恩斯和乔·萨恩斯。

2010年，非营利文学组织“诗人与作家”（Poets & Writers）将萨恩斯先生评为全球50位最具启发性的作家之一。2021年，他出版了《亚里士多德与但丁潜入世界之水》，这是原著的畅销续作，探讨了艾滋病流行的问题。

萨恩斯先生在去世前完成了一部最后的小说《当世界还快乐时》（When the World Was Happy），计划于9月出版。该书大致基于1990年他13岁的侄女艾米·豪泽在拉斯克鲁塞斯一家保龄球馆发生的集体枪击事件中丧生的真实经历。

“我们爱的根基深厚，我们的痛苦也深厚，”萨恩斯先生的妹妹、豪泽女士的母亲伍兹女士在一条短信中谈到家人时说道，“我们彼此之间的爱比我们的痛苦更深。”

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纽约时报

Jaye P. Morgan, 94, 热门歌手兼大胆电视名人逝世

作者：JOANNE KAUFMAN

Jaye P. Morgan 是一位大胆且嗓门宏亮的歌手，在 20 世纪 50 年代中期的一年之内就拥有五首进入前 20 名的热门单曲——这一成功使她频繁出现在电视连续剧、脱口秀和游戏节目中——但她在节目中的搞怪行为有时掩盖了她的音乐事业。她于 8 月 24 日在华盛顿州朗维尤逝世，享年 94 岁。

她的侄子 Duke M. Spencer 确认了她在医院去世的消息，并表示死因是跌倒引发的并发症。

Ms. Morgan 在 20 岁出头时，于 1953 年发行了她的版本《Life Is Just a Bowl of Cherries》，这是一首大萧条时期的歌曲，由情歌歌手 Rudy Vallee 在 1931. 年使其流行。Ms. Morgan 的演绎很快在 Billboard 榜单上排名第 26 位。

RCA Victor 公司于 1954, 年与她签约，她在 1955 年取得了最大的成功：《That’s All I Want From You》在 Billboard 榜单上排名第 3；此外还有《The Longest Walk》、《Danger! Heartbreak Ahead》、《If You Don’t Want My Love》和《Pepper-Hot Baby》。同样在 1955, 年，她与 Perry Como 合作录制了新奇歌曲《Chee Chee-Oo-Chee》，该曲在 Billboard 榜单上排名第 12 位；1956 年，她与 Eddy Arnold 合唱了翻唱曲《Mutual Admiration Society》。

在唱功上，Ms. Morgan 与 20 世纪中叶的女性流行巨星如 Doris Day、Rosemary Clooney、Jo Stafford 和 Patti Page 不在同一个量级，她从未成为持久的点唱机热门人物。“虽然她没有那些更强大的竞争对手那样精致或具备技巧——她的颤音可能会不稳定且跑调——但她在风格和控制力上的不足，通过活力和魅力得到了充分弥补，”音乐记者、Substack 通讯《JazzWax》作者 Marc Myers 在今年早些时候为这篇讣告接受采访时表示。

“她的为人或嗓音都没有任何矫揉造作之处，”Mr. Myers 补充道。“她拥有极强的电视存在感和一种迷人的阳光特质，这使她能够成功地演绎她录制的歌曲。”

60 年代后期在 Johnny Carson 的《今夜秀》（The Tonight Show）中的亮相，为 Ms. Morgan 开辟了全新的职业生涯，使她成为了脱口秀节目中一个随性古怪的人物。直到 70 年代初期，她一直与 Mr. Carson 谈论些大胆露骨的话题，并且在《Merv Griffin Show》中是一个熟悉的面孔——无论从哪个意义上来说。

“在《今夜秀》中出现五年就像是坐在沙发上一样——你终于告诉他每——

FRANK CARROLL / NBCUNIVERSAL，经由 GETTY IMAGES 1970 年在《今夜秀》中表演。她与 Johnny Carson 谈论大胆露骨的话题。

NBCUNIVERSAL，经由 GETTY IMAGES

1976 年的 Ms. Morgan，当时她是《Gong Show》的常驻评委。

一位以率真古怪著称的游戏节目常客。

“一切都是，”摩根女士在1981年接受《纽约时报》采访时提到卡森先生时说道。

“他们想让我参加电视访谈节目，好让我说一些会被消音处理的话，”她补充道，“当电视机前的观众发挥想象力时，他们会认为你说的比实际情况糟糕得多。”

她说，“消音处理创造了幻想。”

1978年，摩根女士在参加那档古怪且无政府主义风格的游戏与才艺竞赛节目《锣号秀》（The Gong Show）担任评委的第二年，她在录制期间露 breasts，让观众无需想象。

“在某种程度上，我觉得我可以随心所欲地做任何事，”她在今年早些时候为这篇讣告接受采访时表示，“我沉浸在节目的氛围和当时的政治气候中，于是脱掉了上衣。”随后她被节目组除名，制片人在此次播出前将该片段剪除。

摩根女士坚称自己并不后悔。“我认为这有助于我的事业，”她说，“更多的游戏节目打电话邀请我参加。”

玛丽·玛格丽特·摩根于1931年12月3日出生在科罗拉多州西南部的曼科斯镇。

她的父亲约翰·摩根曾从事过农场帮工、装饰石膏工等零工，随后成为一名音乐家。她的母亲约瑟芬（欧文斯）·摩根负责操持家务，家里还有玛丽的一个姐妹和四个兄弟。此外，她还有两个来自父亲前两段婚姻的同父异母兄弟姐妹。

她很早就受到了关注。蹒跚学步时，她就被介绍为“摩根家族”的新成员，这是一个由她的父母和大多数兄弟姐妹组成的巡回乡村-西部表演团体。该团体经常在广播中演出。

CBS PHOTO ARCHIVE, VIA GETTY IMAGES

“我3岁时就知道自己会唱歌，”摩根女士在为这篇讣告接受的采访中回忆道，“我父亲会让我站在他面前唱《爸爸的小女孩》以及当时其他流行的歌曲。那时我还不会认字，但有人会把歌词唱给我听，我学得很快。”

1954年的杰伊·P·摩根与不同型号的CBS麦克风。次年，她获得了一系列热门歌曲，如《这就是我对你的全部要求》。弗兰克·德沃尔为她起好了艺名。

玛丽13岁时父亲去世，家族演出团解散。她在洛杉矶地区读高中，并重新开始专业演唱。毕业一年后，她开始以“杰伊·P.”的名义在由著名编曲家兼作曲家弗兰克·德沃尔领导的管弦乐队中演出。

“我的名字叫玛丽·摩根，当时姓‘摩根’的歌手很多，”她说。（其中包括简·摩根和马里昂·摩根。）正是德沃尔先生想出了“杰伊·P.”这个名字，这是在模仿镀金时代金融家J.P.摩根的名字。“因为这个名字，人们以为我对金钱很精通，或者想向我借钱，”摩根女士在为这篇讣告接受的采访中开玩笑地说道。

RECORDS / ALAMY

1954年，她成为下午综艺电视节目《罗伯特·Q·刘易斯秀》的特邀歌手，她独特的强力唱法吸引了全国范围的粉丝，并为她的首支 Top 10 热门单曲《这就是我对你的全部要求》铺平了道路。

她的成功使她在1956年夏天主持了一档每周两集的同名综艺节目。后来，她出现在夜总会以及像《艾德·萨利文秀》这样的综艺节目中。她在1973年情景喜剧《奇葩一家》（The Odd Couple）的一集中饰演她自己，五年后在《马布里秀》（The Muppet Show）中与马布里乐队“牙医博士与电能混乱乐队”合唱了《那古老的黑魔法》。

“锣鼓秀”（The Gong Show）的纠纷并未令摩根女士望而却步，她继续在舞台和夜总会中演出。1984年，评论家阿尔文·克莱恩在《时报》中评价她在大西洋城一家赌场上演的音乐剧《德克萨斯州最好的小妓院》中的表现：“摩根小姐的嗓音处于巅峰状态，她的乐句感和音乐造诣始终如一。演出充满了慷慨之情与细腻的层次感。”

同年，斯蒂芬·霍尔登在《时报》中对摩根女士在曼哈顿一家夜总会的演出发表评论，称赞她具有“成熟的音乐才华”，并补充说，她对百老汇热门剧目《疯狂的世界》（La Cage aux Folles）中一首抒情曲在节奏上的重新演绎，“让人想起了一个更强悍、更有鼻音的佩吉·李”。

评论继续写道：“在音乐方面，摩根小姐所展现的才华比她愿意透露的要多得多。”

摩根女士曾三次结婚并离婚。她于1954年与演员迈克尔·拜亚诺结婚，两人在次年离婚。不久之后，她与歌手查克·凯利有过一段短暂的婚姻。她的最后一段婚姻对象是钢琴家兼指挥家阿尔蒂·凯恩。

她的儿子保罗·凯恩于2020年去世。她没有直系亲属在世。

尽管她的古怪名字吸引了大量关注，但摩根女士后来重新审视了自己当年配合这一策略的意愿。

“我们当时觉得这会很有趣，但它让很多人感到困惑，”她说，“我不想叫玛丽·摩根，但我们本可以想出一个比‘Jaye P.’好得多的名字。”

珍妮·布拉德福德，87岁，“摩城初创家庭”成员及该厂牌首首热门单曲共同创作者

JOHN SALANGSANG / INVISION，经由美联社（AP）

ABC照片档案 / 迪士尼通用娱乐内容，经由盖蒂图片社（GETTY IMAGES） 1974年，珍妮·布拉德福德与橡岭男孩（Oak Ridge Boys）成员合影。布拉德福德女士于1959年加入摩城（Motown），当时它还是由贝里·戈迪（Berry Gordy）拥有的初创音乐公司，名为塔姆拉唱片（Tamla Records）。

作者：CLAY RISEN

珍妮·布拉德福德（Janie Bradford）于8月21日在洛杉矶去世，享年87岁。她是一位词曲作者，在摩城唱片（Motown Records）成立之初担任多职，负责前台接待、安排合同，最显著的贡献是与厂牌创始人贝里·戈迪共同创作了公司的首首大热单曲《金钱（这就是我想要的）》（Money (That's What I Want)）。

其家人宣布她是在医院去世的。未提供死因。

布拉德福德女士于1959年加入戈迪先生的初创音乐公司，当时该公司仍叫塔姆拉唱片。虽然官方身份是前台秘书，但她几乎包揽了所有工作，包括处理合同和艺人关系。但她真正想做的是写歌。

在入职后不久的一天，她正坐在办公桌前，戈迪先生拿着纸笔匆匆走进来，在纸上潦草地写着歌词。她询问这首歌是关于什么的。

“钱，”他说，并读了几行歌词：“生活中最美好的事物是免费的 / 但你可以把它们留给鸟儿和蜜蜂 / 我需要钱——这就是我想要的。”

布拉德福德女士兴奋地脱口而出自己的几行词：“你的爱给我带来如此快感 / 但你的爱不能帮我付账单。”

钢琴手兼歌手巴雷特·斯特朗（Barrett Strong）当时在隔壁房间工作。他加入了对话，随后三人一起前往录音室。在接下来的几天里，他们增加了更多歌词，加入了乐器，并最终录入了斯特朗先生那粗犷且极具驱动力的嗓音。

戈迪先生于1959年在塔姆拉厂牌发行了这首歌，几个月后该公司更名为摩城；随后在1960年通过其妹妹安娜·戈迪（Anna Gordy）的安娜唱片（Anna Records）再次发行。

这是戈迪先生的首首大热单曲，在热门R&B单曲榜（Hot R&B Sides）上排名第2，在公告牌百强单曲榜（Billboard Hot 100）上排名第23。披头士乐队（The Beatles）在1963年录制了一个翻唱版本——这是多年来众多翻唱版本之一——并将其收录在他们的第二张录音室专辑《与披头士在一起》（With the Beatles）中。

1979年，这首歌出人意料地重新回到了排行榜，这次是由英国新浪潮乐队飞蜥蜴（Flying Lizards）翻唱，由德博拉·埃文斯-斯蒂克兰（Deborah Evans-Stickland）以单调的嗓音演唱。该版本在英国单曲榜上最高排名第5。

然而，关于谁能分享这首歌出版版权带来的财富，双方产生了冲突。斯特朗先生最初被列为与戈迪先生共同创作的作者

她被雇佣担任前台，但承担了各项工作，包括构思歌词。

而布拉德福德女士在《Money》创作三年后被从版权登记中删除，随后在1987年版权续期时被恢复，又在次年再次被删除——这一切均是在摩城唱片（Motown）高管的指示下完成的。

在2013年的一份宣誓书中，布拉德福德女士表示，她在1959年的版权申请表上误将他列为共同作者。

《Money》的迅速成功让布拉德福德女士能够投入更多时间创作歌曲。她为玛丽·威尔斯（Mary Wells）创作或共同创作了多首歌曲，包括（与斯莫基·罗宾逊合作的）《Your Old Standby》（1963）。她与斯特朗先生以及诺曼·惠特菲尔德（Norman Whitfield）共同创作了《Too Busy Thinking About My Baby》，该曲由诱惑乐队（Temptations）于1966年首次录制，随后由马文·盖伊（Marvin Gaye）于1969年录制。

“珍妮是我一直认为的‘最初摩城家族’成员之一——他们是在任何人知道摩城将变成什么样子之前，就相信这个梦想的无名英雄，”戈迪先生在她去世后的一份声明中表示。“她是帮助摩城成就今日之姿的人之一。”

布拉德福德女士于 2, 1939, 6月2日出生在密苏里州的查尔斯顿，这是一个位于密苏里河与密西西比河交汇处附近的小城市，她的父亲理查德在那儿担任浸信会牧师。她的母亲伊丽莎白负责操持家务。

该家庭后来移居圣路易斯和底特律。在底特律的邻居中包括当时刚开始职业生涯的歌手杰基·威尔逊（Jackie Wilson）。热爱诗歌的布拉德福德女士请求威尔逊先生将她介绍给为其写歌的戈迪先生。

见面时，她告诉戈迪先生自己也算是个词曲作者——尽管当时她只有一些诗作。几个月后，当威尔逊先生把戈迪先生带到她家听她的作品时，她感到很惊讶。

“我知道诗歌和写歌是有区别的，”她在接受记者比尔·达尔（Bill Dahl）采访并收录于其著作《摩城：黄金岁月》（2001）时说道。“但我还是把我的诗拿了出来，假装我认为它们是歌词。”

这些作品质量足够高：其中两篇成为了威尔逊先生1959年专辑《Lonely Teardrops》中歌曲的基础，她与戈迪先生的妹妹格温·戈迪（Gwen Gordy）共同获得了其中一首歌曲《The Joke (Is Not on Me)》的创作署名。

2015年的布拉德福德女士。她在进入 Tamla 公司后不久便参与了《Money (That’s What I Want)》的创作。这是该公司第一首大热单曲。

布拉德福德女士于1972年与沃登·霍布斯（Wardene Hobbs）结婚。霍布斯先生与他们的子女尼科尔·霍布斯（Nicole Hobbs）、兰斯·芬尼（Lance Finney）以及两个孙辈在世。

布拉德福德女士于1984年离开摩城唱片后，从事公共关系工作并创办了一本关于音乐产业的杂志《娱乐连接》（Entertainment Connection）。随后，她成立了一个非营利组织——英雄与传奇奖学金基金会（Heroes and Legends Scholarship Foundation），为对娱乐业职业感兴趣的学生提供支持。

她于今年入选女性词曲作者名人堂。

“当其他公司谈论‘家庭’时，感觉是不一样的——摩城从第一天起就真的成为了一个家庭，”她在2022年告诉《底特律自由报》。“我们彼此关怀，我们需要彼此。”

在我们的版面纪念您所爱之人。

nytimes@classifiedsplus.com 1-800-458-5522

纽约时报

MATT SOUIRE / FOCUS FEATURES

2 音乐 拒绝极端并要求专注的管风琴作品。

3 艺术 罗伯特·印第安纳（Robert Indiana）在缅因州的住宅正在出售，这违背了他的遗愿。

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6 艺术

6 艺术 窃贼从西班牙的一家博物馆盗走了无价的青铜时代宝藏。

纽约时报

MONDAY, AUGUST 31, 2026℃1

PHILIP CHEUNG 为纽约时报拍摄

迪亚克杀手是否也杀害了“黑色大丽花”？

小说家迈克尔·康奈利认为是的。并且他准备提交“完全令人信服”的证据。

作者：亚历山大·纳扎良 (ALEXANDER NAZARYAN)

洛杉矶 —— 当他还是《洛杉矶时报》的一名年轻犯罪记者时，迈克尔·康奈利非常钦佩那些在案件变得比昨天的咖啡还冷之后依然坚持工作的侦探。正如他最近所言，这些人“无所畏惧且不懈努力”，既躁动又耐心。正是这种品质，让康奈利笔下的侦探哈里·博施（Harry Bosch）成为了一个如此令人难忘的角色。

“一座忘记了谋杀受害者的城市是一座迷失的城市，”在康奈利的一部小说中，一名上尉这样告诉博施。他所结识的真实警察非常喜欢这句话，以至于他们将其做成一块标牌，挂在洛杉矶警察局总部的冷案组。

几年前办公室搬迁时，他们将这块标牌送给了康奈利。

“当你意识到有些人能逍遥法外时，心中会产生一种空虚感，”康奈利在今年早些时候的一次采访中说道。当时他身处宽敞明亮的书房中，窗外可以看到好莱坞标志。他写了 40 部以上的小说，售出 90 续见 C4 页

迈克尔·康奈利，一名由记者转型的畅销小说家，是播客节目《代码中的杀手》（Killer in the Code）的主持人。

当公共泳池成为争议焦点

在柏林著名的剧院人民剧院（Volksbühne），新任导演的首部作品引发了关于种族、阶级和公共空间的激烈辩论。见第 6 页。

在这部浪漫喜剧中，Z 世代是主角

一部新的英国电影通过探讨数字时代的浪漫爱情，将目标锁定在年轻观众身上。

作者：马利亚·门德斯 (MALIA MENDEZ)

浪漫喜剧的粉丝经常争论，该类型中最好的电影是永恒的。

但超越时间并不是艾丽西亚·麦克唐纳（Alicia MacDonald）在她首部长片《寻找艾米莉》（Finding Emily）中的目标，该片于周五在电影院上映。相反，这部由浪漫喜剧名门 Working Title Films（曾制作《诺丁山》和《布里奇顿琼斯的日记》）发行的作品，刻意将自己锚定在现代 era。

麦克唐纳表示，其想法是探讨特定一代人对爱与浪漫的体验。

在《寻找 Emily》中，一名年轻浪漫主义者寻找爱情的旅程，最贴切的描述可能是“一场笨拙的喜剧”。在大学酒吧的一次看似命中注定的相遇后，这位浪漫主义者欧文（Owen，由 Spike Fearn 饰演）向片名中的艾米莉要了电话号码。直到后来他尝试联系她时，才意识到号码少了一位。

在另一位艾米莉——一名动机可疑的心理学学生的引导下 续见 C2 页

安古莉·赖斯（Angourie Rice）饰演《寻找艾米莉》中的主角。这部浪漫喜剧的演员们在电影制作中担任了顾问。

休·莫里斯 / 评论笔记本

作曲家莎拉·达瓦奇（Sarah Davachi，居中）在演奏管风琴。她的新专辑《舌之意志》（The Will of Tongues）于近期发行。

细心聆听宣言

莎拉·达瓦奇的新音乐集或许能激励你静坐并沉浸其中。

我们聆听音乐的方式往往要么是快速跳过，要么是心不在焉、分心地听。因此，加拿大作曲家莎拉·达瓦奇（Sarah Davachi）的作品具有某种颠覆性，她的作品拒绝极端，并强迫听众投入全部的注意力。

“在我试图做的事情中包含一个伦理成分，”38岁的达瓦奇在最近的一次采访中说道。“人们很难去聆听——更广泛地说，是去面对——那些困难或令人不适的事物。他们需要更多练习，学会仅仅与事物共处，而不是在聆听时同时做其他事情。”

居住在洛杉矶的达瓦奇创作长篇原声和电声音乐，继承了埃莉安·拉迪格（Éliane Radigue）、阿尔文·库兰（Alvin Curran）和拉·蒙特·扬（La Monte Young）的血统。近年来，她在自己的厂牌 Late Music 以及其他平台高产地发行专辑。本周五，她又发布了另一部作品：规模宏大的《舌之志》（The Will of Tongues），时长两小时19分钟。该专辑汇集了达瓦奇在2024年和2025年创作的独奏和室内乐作品，由达瓦奇本人在管风琴上全情演绎，并由爱尔兰室内合唱团（Chamber Choir of Ireland）、文艺复兴长笛合奏团 Phaedrus、洛杉矶铜管乐团 Diapason，以及著名的弦乐演奏家惠特尼·约翰逊（Whitney Johnson）、艾文德·康（Eyvind Kang）和露西·雷尔顿（Lucy Railton）共同参与演出。

如果将其拆分为孤立的片段播放，达瓦奇的音乐似乎并没有多少实验色彩。《玫瑰对话》（The Rose Dialogues，为三名弦乐手、管风琴和磁带而作）基于卡农的基本原理，这是作曲家们几个世纪以来一直使用的一种手法。管风琴曲《独唱》（Canto Solo）由和弦序列、终止式和解决等熟悉的构建模块组成；在11分钟的时间里，它缓慢地穿过一组可能永远持续下去的和弦模式。专辑中最传统的一部作品是合唱曲《笑之无花果之歌》（Song of the Smile's Fig），听起来像是一首文艺复兴时期的经文歌，但被模糊化并放慢了速度。

在达瓦奇的音乐中，《之歌》较为罕见地使用了平均律，这是将西方音阶等分为相等片段的正统方式。在其他作品中，她探索历史律法，将音阶分为不等的部分，从而创造出可供她利用的音色不一致性。为管风琴而作的《四窄形式》（Four Narrow Forms）使用了由赫伯特·凯尔纳（Herbert Kellner）在1975年设计的“良律”。（凯尔纳寻求一种一致性较低、色彩更丰富的调律系统，这可能是巴赫在创作《平均律钢琴曲集》时代所经历的。）变幻莫测的调律与和谐的停滞相互博弈；一个单一的和弦被构建

作曲家旨在“让听众自行决定体验”

并且以多种配器方式持续维持，产生中频的低鸣和一声尖锐的泛音。这种脆弱与稳定之间的紧张感贯穿于 Davachi 精细入微的纹理之中，最终走向一个未解决的结尾。

Davachi 以建筑学的视角思考声音。“作为一名作曲家，我的工作是创造某种特定空间的特性，”她说，“然后让听众自行决定体验。”她那些互相关联的世界就像一个荒凉的角色扮演视频游戏中的自由活动区域。由于缺乏侵入——没有任何外来元素干扰 同质化的世界——《The Will of Tongues》中的音乐感觉很自然，甚至具有原始感。

她的背景中也有一股实验精神。 的本科专业是哲学，她将对现象学（研究个体经验和主观现实的学科）的兴趣带入了她的音乐学博士论文中，探讨了“音色与情感诗学”。

表示，她从未试图控制听众的体验。尽管如此，她的作品要求听众投入完全的注意力。在聆听《The Will of Tongues》时，一种常见的感觉是：听到曲目过半时，突然意识到自己的心神已经游离——或者你打开了手机——然后不得不重新开始播放，觉得错过了一些关键信息。在这种冷峻的克制中，音乐揭示了我们的局限性，并迫使我们努力去克服它们。

由于在作曲上关注时长和节奏， 的结构似乎是凭直觉推进的，即使是在既有的古典形式基础上构建时也是如此。“随着时间的推移，我能够锁定并理解 5 分钟是什么感觉，或者 10 分钟是什么感觉，”她说。《The Will of Tongues》被三首“间奏曲”（Interludes）分隔开，这些间奏曲取自 为相似乐器组设计的开放式乐谱系列。（通常，间奏曲是简短的“味觉清理”环节。而 最短的一首也有 6 分钟长。）它们的结构以动力学方式展开，表演者被赋予选择不同路径的自由。你可以听到音乐家们在摸索探讨，从而实现 所追求的“类似古乐合奏（consort-like）”的声音。

在缓慢移动的长篇作品中，变化就成了事件。约翰·凯奇（John Cage）的《Organ $^{2}$ / ASLSP》是一首预计在 2640 年才结束的管风琴作品，它将这一点推向了极致：在凯奇的集群和弦中每增加一个音符，都会引发一阵狂热。类似的转变也发生在《The Will of Tongues》中。在《The Rose Dialogues》第二部分的第七分钟，一把小提琴轻轻地与圆润的管风琴音色产生摩擦。在《The Second Tuning》接近尾声时，一种似乎即将消亡的形式被重新激活。这些就是 平滑且不受拘束的句子中轻盈的标点符号。

鉴于 的音乐具有揭露我们作为听众之不足的能力，其中蕴含着一种忧伤。但它并不责备。相反，在《The Will of Tongues》中，它在鼓励，为一种毫无干扰的聆听方式提供了一份宣言。

在这部浪漫喜剧中，Z世代是主角

（接C1页）并非学生的欧文（Owen）为了寻找失踪的心上人，进行了一系列愈发荒诞的冒险。他这种执着甚至到了过分的程度，导致他与校园女性联盟关系恶化，而对方的抗议将他的爱情生活变成了一场在网络上疯传的奇观。

这部电影的大部分幽默围绕着欧文在现代文化中的窘迫展开，因为现代文化对他那些出于好意的浪漫举动持怀疑态度。除此之外，电影还调侃了一些典型的Z世代行为：如发起运动、回避真诚、在网上广播观点。但它也努力通过时下热门的主题和符合年龄的选角——以及TikTok名人的客串——来使用这一代人的语言。

剧本作者瑞秋·海伦斯（Rachel Hirons）表示，她自己的大学经历为故事提供了灵感。她回忆起在人生那个阶段，她对自己的信念充满热情且毫不动摇。

“在大学期间，你必须写论文，”这位编剧说道，“你必须有一个观点。”她说，在那个年纪，“你如此坚定，对自己和自己的信念充满信心。这为情节提供了很好的养分。”

海伦斯说，欧文让她想起了她成长过程中接触到的那些“曼彻斯特小伙”。他们总是很有趣，“并非刻意或自觉地如此，仅仅是因为他们不像大多数人那样在社交上如此敏感。”

她补充道：“他们天生就有点幽默，而不是像‘这里有一个笑点’那样。”

麦克唐纳（MacDonald）表示，电影中“有讽刺元素”，但她力求确保这不会让观众感到被疏远。“我一直对如何让人们参与到笑话中来感兴趣，”她说。

她补充说，她觉得《寻找艾米莉》（Finding Emily）的基调与蒂娜·费伊（Tina Fey）在电影《贱女孩》（Mean Girls）中的演讲相似。在片中，费伊敦促高中女生们：“你们必须停止互相称呼对方为荡妇和娼妓。这只会让男生觉得这样称呼你们也没关系。”麦克唐纳说，两部电影都旨在真诚地触及性别政治，同时保留幽默感。

摄影：马特·斯奎尔 / 焦点娱乐（MATT SQUIRE / FOCUS FEATURES） 上图：斯派克·费恩（Spike Fearn）与安古莉·赖斯（Angourie Rice）在《寻找艾米莉》中。上图：导演艾丽西亚·麦克唐纳（Alicia MacDonald，居中）在电影片场与演员协作。

导演表示，她电影的感官体验和幽默感也受到了演员的影响，她强烈认为演员的年龄应该与角色一致。（费恩和赖斯在拍摄《寻找艾米莉》时均为23岁。）

麦克唐纳提到了《我恨你的10件事》，这是一部在高中校园展开的莎士比亚式浪漫喜剧。该片主演朱莉娅·斯蒂尔斯（Julia Stiles）和希斯·莱杰（Heath Ledger）在拍摄时都处于青少年晚期。

“我认为这就是为什么它是标志性作品之一的原因，”她说，“因为它感觉很真实。”

在《寻找艾米莉》的片场，演员们兼任麦克唐纳的Z世代顾问。（导演现年41岁。）她回忆说，自己经常向他们确认：“你会这么说话吗？”

导演还倾向于让摄像机一直运行，看看会发生什么。费恩和赖斯表示，有几段即兴对话被剪进了最终版本。

当费恩在英格兰莱斯特郡举行电影家乡放映会时，一位朋友告诉他：“在那部戏里你根本没在演戏。”

正如同费恩和赖斯融入角色一样，这些角色反过来也渗透到了他们身上。费恩将欧文的喜剧时刻比作《办公室》（The Office）和《这个国家》（This Country）等英国伪纪录片中的场景，他说只要有机会，他就会放大那种尴尬感。

费恩表示，即使在拍摄结束之后，他仍觉得与欧文非常亲近，甚至在想：“也许我真的很笨拙。”

赖斯说：“当我扮演艾米莉时，我变得更加随性，更像她了。”

在准备一场派对戏的间隙，这位女演员回忆起自己曾在各个休息拖车之间穿梭，为其他演员进行塔罗牌占卜。“那很有趣，”她说，就像她在片场度过的大部分时光一样。

“观看这部电影的感觉，”费恩说，“就像我们拍摄时的感觉一样。”赖斯表示赞同。

夏库尔审判的五个要点

陪审团预计将于本周开始对本案进行评议。

作者：ANUSHA BAYYA

关于杜安·基思·戴维斯（Duane Keith Davis）涉嫌策划枪杀说唱歌手图帕克·夏库尔（Tupac Shakur）的谋杀案，本周将由拉斯维加斯的陪审团决定。

检察官表示，1996年9月7日，戴维斯先生是乘坐一辆白色凯迪拉克车的四人之一，该车在红灯前停在了一辆宝马车旁，车内坐着夏库尔先生及其唱片公司老板、被称为“Suge”的马里恩·奈特（Marion Knight）。

戴维斯先生被指控获取了用于枪杀夏库尔先生的枪支。尽管戴维斯先生未被指控扣动扳机，但检察官称他在谋杀案中起到了关键作用。他在2019年出版的一本关于自己在加州康普顿担任帮派成员时期的自传中提到他当时就在那辆凯迪拉克车内，这有助于推动本案进入审判阶段。

63岁的戴维斯先生对一项使用致命武器谋杀的指控表示不认罪。结案陈词定于周一进行。双方于上周完成了向陪审团提交证据的工作，由于包括奈特先生在内的某些证人未被任何一方传唤作证，审理进度比预期更快地结束。

以下是审判第二周的五个要点。

陪审员反复听到戴维斯先生的声音。

在开庭陈述中，检察官比努·帕拉尔（Binu Palal）告诉陪审员，在一次迈克·泰森拳击赛之夜，东海岸和西海岸唱片公司及其附属的康普顿帮派之间的矛盾达到了顶峰。帕拉尔先生表示，夏库尔先生被枪击是一次报复行为。他补充道：“令人惊讶的是，你们将从杜安·戴维斯本人那里了解到这一点。”陪审员听到了戴维斯先生向当局、纪录片制作人和YouTube采访者讲述他当晚所扮演角色的录音。

在2008年的一次采访以及一份提供证据协议（proffer agreement）下，戴维斯先生首次向当局提供了一份与他目前被起诉的事实最为接近的陈述。他回忆说，一名与肖恩·库姆斯（Sean Combs）有关联的人向他提供了一把枪，库姆斯是与奈特先生的Death Row唱片公司敌对的竞争唱片公司的所有者。（库姆斯先生长期以来一直否认与夏库尔先生之死有任何关系。）他说，在自己的侄子奥兰多·安德森（Orlando Anderson）遭到袭击后，戴维斯先生决定追击奈特先生和夏库尔先生。他说，在一家俱乐部没找到他们后，戴维斯先生、他的侄子以及另外两名男子正前往一家酒店，这时他们发现了那辆宝马车，戴维斯先生将枪传到了车后座；在另一名男子拒绝后，安德森先生向该车辆开枪。

陪审员听到戴维斯先生在2009年与执法人员的采访中重复了这段陈述的部分内容，并在多年后与一部关于枪击事件的纪录片主创交谈时再次重复。细节有所不同；有时，他否认知道是谁开的枪。在庭审播放的音频片段中，可以听到戴维斯先生当时的律师韦恩·希金斯（Wayne Higgins）承认戴维斯先生倾向于吹嘘，他现在的律师迈克尔·桑夫特（Michael Sanft）也呼应了这一点，试图将戴维斯先生的陈述描绘成为了赚钱而进行的自我夸大。

辩方称缺乏物证

戴维斯先生的声音构成了控方证据的核心，但桑夫特先生则将重点放在缺乏能将他的当事人与犯罪现场或枪击当晚拉斯维加斯联系起来的物证上。

曾作为辩方证人出庭的拉斯维加斯大都会警察局前侦探丹·隆描述了他寻找凶器以及戴维斯先生及其同伙据称乘坐的那辆凯迪拉克汽车时所经历的徒劳努力。该部门的另一名前成员回忆称，曾将枪击现场回收的弹壳通过一个名为国家综合弹道信息网络的系统进行比对，分别在 2003 和 2023, 进行了两次比对，以查看它们是否与记录在案的武器匹配。结果同样没有发现任何匹配项。

曾就职于帮派部门的康普顿警察局退休侦探罗伯特·拉德上周作证称，在20世纪90年代末，由于南区康普顿克里普帮（South Side Compton Crips）与与之竞争的、与死亡之行唱片公司（Death Row Records）有关联的莫布皮鲁血帮（Mob Piru Bloods）之间紧张局势升级，警方搜查了与戴维斯先生有关的康普顿住所。当时回收了一张酒店收据、一张蒙特卡洛赌场账单以及一封由埃克斯卡利伯酒店寄给安德森先生的信函，这些物品有可能将戴维斯先生与拉斯维加斯联系起来，但拉德先生不知道这些物品现在在何处。

一名前警员将戴维斯先生描述为“发号施令者”

拉德先生向陪审员描述了当时康普顿约 55 个帮派的运作机制，这些帮派大致分为两个阵营：克里普帮和血帮。

作为克里普帮成员的戴维斯先生处于食物链的顶端。“他是一个发号施令者，”拉德先生作证道，“他可以告诉年轻的帮派分子该做什么。”

拉德先生是数十名目睹了沙库尔先生之死及其后在康普顿引发的帮派战争的警员之一。他回忆起一系列他所谓的报复性枪击事件，并表示他认为克里普帮应对沙库尔先生之死负责。

在交叉质询中，桑夫特先生强调，据称当时在凯迪拉克车内的四个人中没有一个人在随后的暴力事件中被杀，且拉德先生没有证据证明戴维斯先生曾下令进行任何枪击。

但拉德先生作证称，如果正如检察官所说，戴维斯先生及其三名同伙当晚在凯迪拉克车内，那么戴维斯先生将是那个下令开枪的人。“如果他告诉他们不要这么做，比如，‘回康普顿再处理’，他们就不会开枪了，”拉德先生说。

CAROLINE BREHMAN / REUTERS

STEVE MARCUS / LAS VEGAS SUN, VIA AP 前警察侦探丹·隆（上图）谈到了他计划针对被告杜安·基思·戴维斯（顶部）申请逮捕令的计划。

一名拉斯维加斯侦探曾在2009年准备逮捕戴维斯先生。

2009, 一名拉斯维加斯大都会警察局的侦探在证词中表示，他在加利福尼亚州参与了对戴维斯先生的一次审讯，并在审讯结束后准备将其逮捕。

在听到戴维斯先生承认获取了谋杀凶器并与枪手同乘一辆车后，该侦探表示，他认为已有足够的合理理由进行逮捕。

他表示，其意图是“以谋杀罪逮捕戴维斯先生”。

但在听取了该次审讯期间录制的一段音频后，克拉克县地方检察官办公室暂停了行动。这段对话发生在朗先生被要求离开房间之后，参与者包括戴维斯先生、戴维斯先生的律师希金斯先生以及一名执法人员。在录音中，可以听到戴维斯先生询问希金斯先生和达林·杜普里（Daryn Dupree，一名曾调查1997年另一名说唱歌手谋杀案的前洛杉矶警察局侦探），他是否应该告诉朗先生他持有那把枪。杜普里先生回答道：“保持一致，因为故事已经讲出去了。”

朗先生最终得知了一项提供协议（proffer agreement），该协议本可以保护戴维斯先生免于因该对话而被起诉。朗先生曾尝试联系希金斯先生以及审讯所在地加利福尼亚州的美国检察官办公室，但他表示没有人回应。

部分潜在证人尚未出庭。

少数缺失的声音一直笼罩在这些诉讼程序之上，辩方声称其中一些人能为尚未解答的问题提供关键答案。

这些人包括格雷格·卡丁（Greg Kading），一名曾在2008年审讯过戴维斯先生并随后写了一本关于此事件书籍的前洛杉矶侦探；以及克利福德·莫格（Clifford Mogg），一名帮助将此案推向审判的退休凶杀案侦探。

另一名潜在证人科里·爱德华兹（Corey Edwards）被检察官指称在枪击案发生当天与戴维斯先生同在拉斯维加斯。当当局本月试图逮捕他时，他不在住所；上周一当局再次尝试在康普顿的另一个地点逮捕他时，他也不在场。

此前谜题的答案

罗伯特·印第安纳的“希望之星”故居出售

TRISTAN SPINSKI 为《纽约时报》拍摄 LAUREN CASSELBERRY / 美联社

继承了这位艺术家在缅因州历史房产的基金会正在改变其关注重点。

作者：MURRAY CARPENTER

几十年来，艺术家罗伯特·印第安纳（Robert Indiana）一直住在他的“希望之星”（Star of Hope）中。这是一座规模庞大的19世纪前 Odd Fellows 协会会所，耸立在缅因州海岸附近维纳尔海文岛（Vinalhaven）的主街上。

印第安纳于 2018 年去世，他的遗嘱指示将他的家重新构想为一座致力于艺术的建筑——包括他自己的作品以及其他人的作品。

遗嘱中写道：“我的意愿是将我的‘希望之星’房产修复至博物馆级别，用作向公众开放的艺术环境，用于参观、课程和讲座，并用于对我收藏品和房产的持续保护、推广、展览和使用。”

印第安纳去世后，由艺术家创建以保护其遗产并继承其财产的“希望之星基金会”（Star of Hope Foundation）开始将这座会所改造为公共艺术空间。但现在，随着基金会的重点从管理房产转向直接支持维纳尔海文岛的艺术和文化倡议，它计划将这座建筑以及他拥有的另一座建筑投放市场。

上周，基金会将“希望之星”的挂牌售价定为 $1.400 万，并将几扇门之隔的一座较小建筑定价为 $210,000.

基金会执行董事卡罗尔·马丁（Carole Martin）表示，如果基金会退出房产管理，将能更好地实现支持艺术和艺术家的目标。

马丁在电子邮件中表示：“这些房产不是我们的目的——支持艺术家才是。”“出售这些房产使我们能够将这些资产转化为慈善资本，并将资源直接投入到缅因州的艺术社区中。”

然而，并非所有人都对基金会的方向转变感到满意。

曾在诉讼中代表印第安纳遗产的 Venable LLP 合伙人凯文·利普森（Kevin Lipson）表示，此次出售不符合艺术家的遗嘱。

利普森说：“这是对罗伯特·印第安纳遗嘱意愿的一次惊人否认。”“他希望并期待在维纳尔海文岛建立某种形式的博物馆，而这显然已不再可能。”

批评还来自一个维纳尔海文岛的 Facebook 群组以及岛上的其他人士。

“我认识鲍勃·印第安纳，他告诉我他希望那座建筑被用于艺术、教育和研究，他还谈到年轻人能够在那里工作，拥有空间并学习艺术，”担任镇经理的马乔里·斯特拉顿（Marjorie Stratton）说道，但她表示这些是她的个人想法。“这让我感到难过，因为这个基金会似乎没有履行他告诉我他希望那里成为的样子。”

印第安纳最著名的作品是雕塑《LOVE》，其中那个俏皮的倾斜字母 O 成为了 20 世纪 60 年代反主流文化的象征。1978 年，他离开纽约前往维纳尔海文岛，在接下来的 40 年里，他一直住在他的

Graham Bowley 参与了报道。

家中。这座房子是当地的地标，拥有一个可以俯瞰充满龙虾船的港口的观景台，港口向彭博斯科特湾（Penobscot Bay）延伸。

该建筑被列入国家历史名录，但此类认定并不管理私有财产的使用。印第安纳去世时，油漆剥落，护墙板腐烂，一块蓝色防水布覆盖着漏水的屋顶。此后，基金会的承包商对建筑进行了加固和部分翻修。

挂牌照片显示其外观整洁。照片还显示了曾经华丽的内部，拥有高天花板和檐口装饰线，但处于不同程度的破损状态，油漆剥落，框架和木条外露。

印第安纳留给该基金会的遗产价值数千万美元，但他在去世后的余波中充斥着关于他晚年是否被利用的争议，以及围绕版税的一系列法律挑战。

2019年，当基金会举行公开会议时，维纳尔海文（Vinalhaven）的居民对这座建筑的命运表示担忧。一些人担心博物馆会吸引更多游客来到这座岛屿，而该岛的人口在夏季已经增加了一倍多。

以“LOVE”系列艺术作品闻名的罗伯特·印第安纳（Robert Indiana）希望他位于缅因州维纳尔海文（见上图）的住宅能成为一座博物馆。但拥有该建筑的基金会计划将其出售。

另一些人则认为，基金会董事会中维纳尔海文居民的代表性不足。

到2021年，基金会表示其正与当地一所学校合作庆祝青年艺术月，并且已经使建筑结构稳定，修复了曼萨尔式屋顶，并恢复了窗户和门。但上周，马丁（Martin）表示该建筑仍面临结构和监管方面的挑战。

“我们是众多试图解决难题的组织之一——即如何让一座空置多年的建筑焕发新生，”马丁说，“我们认为，通过出售建筑，并对岛上的艺术家和组织进行直接投资，是最诚实的前进路径。我们知道这个决定会引起复杂的感情，我们对此表示尊重。”

认识印第安纳并在主街（Main Street）经营一家汽车旅馆和一家艺术画廊的伊莱恩·克罗斯曼（Elaine Crossman）表示，她理解基金会出售的决定，尽管她意识到这并非岛上的主流情绪。她认为翻修工作似乎已变成一个昂贵的泥潭。克罗斯曼表示，她希望在新业主手中，这座建筑能再次变得充满活力。

“我非常希望看到一楼的店面能再次向企业开放，”她说，“我乐观地认为这实际上是一个非常积极的举措。我的希望是，这将是该团体能够为社区开展一些积极工作的重要一步。”

Two Not Touch（两星不触）

在网格的每一行、每一列和每个区域中各放置两颗星。任何两颗星都不能接触，包括对角线接触。 版权 © 2024 www.krazydad.com

Brain Tickler（脑筋急转弯）

在每组虚线中反向插入一个六字母的女性名字，以完成一个常用短语。 1. WRONG ON SO MA____ LS 2. JUV____ _OURT 3. B____ _LIPPERS

谜题由 WILL SHORTZ 设计

KenKen（肯肯数独）

周六答案：Ports, sport, strop

在网格中填入数字，使每一行或每一列中的数字不重复，并且每个粗线框内的数字通过加、减、乘或除（如框内所示）运算后，得出所示的目标数字。4x4 网格使用数字 1-4。6x6 网格使用数字 1-6。 更多游戏请访问：www.nytimes.com / games KenKen® 是 Nextoy, LLC 的注册商标。版权 © 2024 www.KENKEN.com。保留所有权利。

1< / td><>4< / ><>2< / ><>3< / >< / tr><><>4< / ><>2< / ><>3< / ><>1< / >< / ><><>2< / ><>3< / ><>1< / ><>4< / >< / ><><>3< / ><>1< / ><>4< / ><>2< / >< / table>

Crossword（纵横填字游戏） / 编辑：Will Shortz

横向 1 舞蹈的一部分 5 拥有《每日布鲁因》报纸的学校 9 微醺的 14 华丽的 15 鱼钩上的蠕虫之类 16 想法一致 17 获得两项死后格莱美奖的 Redding 18 曾被 Andrea Bocelli 唱摇篮曲入睡的《芝麻街》角色 19 洗劫 20 经常掉东西的人 23 The : 英语 :: _ : 法语 24 sigma 之后的字母 25 吃 Friskies 猫粮的人 28 Selena Gomez 在《公寓大劫案》中的角色 31 伞状海洋生物 34 导演 DuVernay 35 可怜的

36 详尽检查 37 先开枪，后承担后果 40 针对身材娇小女性的服装尺寸 41 之字形滑雪 42 “太棒了！” 43 Tetra- 减一 44 新婚夫妇的度假地 46 猫头鹰的声音 48 女演员 de Armas 49 401(k) 的相关计划 50 例如：“需要方舟吗？我认识个叫诺亚（Noah）的家伙” 51 “告诉所有人！” ... 或者 20-、31- 和 44-横向词的开头该怎么处理？ 58 因纽特语中的“房子” 60 意大利语的问候语 61 Et ____（拉丁语：以及其他人） 62 网球场地 63 复活节前的观察期 64 可能被评为 R 级 65 立方体有 12 个这个 66 汽油品牌

前一谜题答案

谜题由 CHRISTOPHER YOUNGS 设计

8 / 31 / 26

67 复活节彩蛋装饰用品

纵向 1 制造混乱的人 2 糖梅仙子的装束 3 出口匝道 4 粉碎工具 5 Lyft 的替代方案 6 幼鲸 7 供应无穷的 8 缺乏音乐调性的 9 一个____ 像时间一样古老 10 作曲家 Stravinsky 11 开胃菜拼盘上的火腿 12 凝固 13 “你叫我？”

21 蜿蜒的游泳者 22 艰难地吞下 26 断言 27 研究生项目 28 P. Johnson（同性恋权利活动家） 29 亚瑟王传说的岛屿 30 像水果一样的软体动物 31 “一二”中的“一” 32 到目前为止 33 工人们期待的一周的部分：缩写 35 俚语中可能用冷切肉制作的午餐项目

在 http: / nytimes.com / games 在线玩我们所有的游戏，以及 Wordle、Spelling Bee、纵横填字游戏等 10,000 多个往期谜题。关于谜题的讨论，请访问 http: / nytimes.com / wordplay。

38 Ginger ____ 39 抛接球或悠悠球 40 深盘容器 42 摇滚乐队的后勤人员 45 预言家 46 色调 47 “走向胜利！” 50 Instagram 帖子的一部分 52 皮肤开口（毛孔） 53 变质 54 在海滩上晒成古铜色 55 拥有“抗衰老”产品的品牌 56 拌饭基底 57 桌面日历上的页码 58 酒吧里的“石头”（冰块） 59 forbid 或 forsaken 的前缀

本周电视指南：精选节目、特辑与电影。作者：SHIVANI GONZALEZ

从左至右：萨莉·卡登（Sally Carden）、艾利克斯·厄尔（Alix Earle）和阿什廷·厄尔（Ashtin Earle）出演 Netflix 的《厄尔遇见世界》（Earle Meets World）。 NETFLIX

新播及回归的真人秀

今年夏天，《恋爱岛美国版》（Love Island U.S.A.）的观众陪同参赛者经历了一场 35 集的旅程——而现在，通过这场重聚特辑，我们将了解到本季期间形成的浪漫关系、友谊和恩怨的最新进展。该特辑由安迪·科恩（Andy Cohen）和阿里亚娜·马迪克斯（Ariana Madix）主持，将包含对岛民的采访、未公开片段以及对各种丑闻的揭露。周一晚上 9 点在 Peacock 播出。

《泽西海岸》（Jersey Shore）的演员们自 2009 年该节目首播以来一直亲密无间。如今，于 2018 年首播的《泽西海岸：家庭假期》（Jersey Shore: Family Vacation）在 MTV 今年将其取消后即将迎来终结。不过，“健身-晒黑-洗衣”团队可能不会离开太久。该节目的创作者萨莉安·萨尔萨诺（SallyAnn Salsano）在 5 月告诉《纽约时报》：“我认为这部剧还会有另一种生命形式。因为必须有；粉丝们太忠诚了。”但就目前而言，在经历了一个庆祝里程碑（包括萨米·吉安科拉的怀孕）的季度后，其最后一集即将播出。周四晚上 8 点在 MTV 播出。

自从网红艾利克斯·厄尔（Alix Earle）在 TikTok 上崭露头角以来，她曾参加《与星共舞》（Dancing With the Stars）的比赛，创办了自己的护肤系列，并被拍到与知名运动员在一起。现在，厄尔将带观众走进她的生活及其庞大的重组家庭，成员包括她的姐姐、三个年幼的同父异母兄弟姐妹、她的父母、继父以及继母艾希莉·厄尔（Ashley Earle，她曾因涉及纽约州州长埃利奥特·斯皮策 2008 年那场广为人知的性丑闻而登上头条）。真人系列剧《厄尔遇见世界》（Earle Meets World）记录了这个家庭从滑雪度假到纽约市的派对，再到他们新泽西州家中生活的点滴。该节目还透露了艾利克斯·厄尔对其与播客主持人亚历克斯·库珀（Alex Cooper）之间恩怨的看法。全部 8 集现已上线。周五起在 Netflix 流媒体播出。

9 / 11 的 25 周年

由迈克尔·斯特拉汉（Michael Strahan）主持的纪录特辑《9 / 11：团结一致——25 年后》（9 / 11: United We Stand — 25 Years Later）较少关注那些毁灭性的事件，而更多地关注美国人如何在情感上治愈并向前迈进。这部两小时的特辑包含对运动员、音乐家、记者等人的采访，以及展示百老汇、喜剧、体育和音乐如何成为安慰与连接源泉的档案片段。周二晚上 9 点在 ABC 播出。

2021 年，Netflix 发布了纪录-

详情与时间可能会有变动。

片《转折点：9 / 11 与反恐战争》（Turning Point: 9 / 11 and the War on Terror），记录了 11 日那一天的情况、乔治·W·布什总统政府的反应以及随后对伊拉克和阿富汗的入侵。现在，一部新的纪录片《转折点：9 / 11 一代》（Turning Point: Generation 9 / 11）探讨了那一天如何影响当时还是儿童、并在一个被袭击深刻改变的国家中长大的人。全部 5 集现已上线。周三起在 Netflix 流媒体播出。

深入地下世界

在 2024 年首播的第一季《绅士们》（The Gentlemen）中，埃迪·霍尼曼（Theo James 饰）继承了一座庄园，却发现自己陷入了一个大麻帝国的中心。埃迪在第 2 季中回归，与苏西·格拉斯（Kaya Scodelario 饰）一起，他们发现自己更深地陷入了犯罪地下世界和国际商业之中，这让他们来到了意大利。该剧已续订第三季，因此这对功能失调的搭档之旅还不会结束。全部 8 集将同时发布。周四开始在 Netflix 流媒体播放。

在《亨利·温克勒的危险历史》（Hazardous History With Henry Winkler）中，这位演员带领观众回顾美国曾经被认为正常，但现在看来却令人质疑的产品，例如汽车里的香烟打火机、婴儿用的悬挂式窗笼以及水床。第二季在《在 70 年代生存》（Surviving the ’70s）这一集中完结，但您可以在 Hulu、Disney+ 或 History 流媒体平台回顾他之前的主题。周日晚上 9 点在 History 频道播出。

新剧《大理石大厅谋杀案》（Marble Hall Murders）改编自 2025 年同名小说，继《喜鹊谋杀案》（Magpie Murders）和《月花谋杀案》（Moonflower Murders）之后，莱斯利·曼维尔（Lesley Manville）再次饰演文学编辑苏珊·赖兰。赖兰被雇佣来处理一部由一名陷入困境的年轻作者创作的阿提库斯·朋德侦探系列续集小说。在此过程中，赖兰成为了谋杀嫌疑人。周日晚上 9 点在 PBS 播出。

犯罪活动在《绅士们》中扩展到了意大利。 MATT TOWERS / NETFLIX

危急时刻！（JEOPARDY!） 今日线索

摘自塞缪尔·约翰逊 1755 年的词典

谦逊的萨姆 将他当时的职业 定义为“一个无害的苦力， 忙于追踪”词汇

如需正确答案，请观看今晚的《危急时刻！》，或明天在《纽约时报》的此栏目中查看。

周五答案：什么是烟雾与镜子（Smoke & Mirrors）？

观看《危急时刻！》 晚上 7 点在 7 频道

纽约时报 烹饪

纽约时报

在工作中。 在世界上。

为公司提供《时报》的企业订阅。nytimes.com / atwork

迪亚克杀手是否也杀了“黑色大丽花”？

接第 C1 页

数百万本书。房间里装饰着饰演过他笔下角色的明星海报：饰演博希（Bosch）的泰图斯·韦利弗（Titus Welliver），饰演米基·哈勒（Mickey Haller）的马修·麦康纳（Matthew McConaughey），以及饰演勒妮·巴拉德（Renée Ballard）的Maggie Q。

在回声公园（Echo Park）深受警察欢迎的 Short Stop 酒吧度过的那些深夜已成往事；康奈利（Connelly）现在住在好莱坞山，俯瞰着大部分剧情发生的平原地区。

但过去成立的真理在今天依然成立：一起未破的谋杀案，会让一座城市失去方向。

因此，当康奈利最信任的两名合作者——洛杉矶警察局退休侦探里克·杰克逊（Rick Jackson，博希的部分原型）和米齐·罗伯茨（Mitzi Roberts，巴拉德的灵感来源）去年向他声称，西弗吉尼亚州的一位业余侦探已经破解了洛杉矶历史上最臭名昭著的谋杀案时，康奈利唯一能做的就是：像当年那个渴望大新闻的年轻记者一样，着手调查此案。

这次调查促成了播客节目《代码中的杀手》（Killer in the Code）的诞生，其第二季共六集，于本月开播。去年 12 月首播的 10 集第一季在真实犯罪社区引起了轩然大波，因为它主张一名二战老兵马文·马戈利斯（Marvin Margolis）应对加州历史上两起最著名的未解之谜负责：1947 年洛杉矶的伊丽莎白·肖特（Elizabeth Short，被永恒地称为“黑色大丽花”）谋杀案，以及 20 世纪 60 年代后期 迪亚克（Zodiac）在旧金山湾区犯下的五起杀人案。

“我毫无疑问，”康奈利在第二季开播前表示，该季重点在于像马戈利斯还活着一样推进针对他的指控。康奈利补充说，指向马戈利斯是凶手的证据“完全令人信服”。

马戈利斯此前曾被认为是肖特谋杀案的嫌疑人，但从未像现在这样被如此自信地指认。而且，他此前从未与 迪亚克杀人案产生联系。该播客激怒了真实犯罪社区的许多人。一些人认为康奈利是个外来投机者，完全在能力范围之外，被糟糕的密码学和粗劣的证据所蒙蔽——而这正是博希或巴拉德能一眼看穿的东西。

“迈克曾是一名优秀的记者，但那些报道的日子已经成了后视镜里的往事，”领先的“黑色大丽花”专家拉里·哈尼施（Larry Harnisch）说道，他领导了反对《代码中的杀手》的阵营。在康奈利担任《时报》记者期间，哈尼施是该报的文字编辑。他并不欢迎这位小说家对他研究领域的入侵。“我不会坐视不管，因为这是一个骗局，”哈尼施说。

尽管面临批评，康奈利依然坚信自己找到了正确的人，并将哈尼施和其他反对者斥为推销“已被证明错误”理论的“一个小圈子”。

“我知道在开始这件事时，我会拿自己的名誉做赌注，”康奈利说。

他补充道：“他们执着于另一种理论，所以要接受我们的理论，他们就必须承认自己错了，或者承认他们浪费了大量时间。”

迷失之魂的守护神

灰色的山羊胡，魁梧的身架，沙哑的声音。现年 70 岁的迈克尔·康奈利（Michael Connelly）可能是美国最成功的作家之一，但他散发出的气质像是一名处于退休边缘、却仍有某些东西需要证明的警察。

康奈利承认，当他最初参与这个播客时，并不认为它会变成像第二份工作一样的事情。（他的最新小说《铁木》（Ironwood）于 5 月出版；一部新的博舍小说《空洞》（The Hollow）将于 10 月面世。）他原以为自己只需讲述马戈利斯的故事以及“黑色大丽花”与“ （ / Zodiac）”之间的联系，然后就回去写书。然而，这个故事却将他完全吞噬了。

这一切始于他得知西弗吉尼亚州的一位自学调查员声称终于破解了 的其中一段密码。康奈利说：“就像凶杀案调查员喜欢说的那样，线索指向哪里，就去哪里。”

他不能像对待一份糟糕的初稿那样直接将其丢弃。周五，他和播客团队的其他成员在赫兹伯格-戴维斯法医学中心（Hertzberg-Davis Forensic Science Center）展示了他们的发现，该中心是洛杉矶警察局和警长办公室法医部门的所在地。

支撑他继续走下去的，是对肖特（Short）持久的着迷——她是每一个在日落大道上徘徊的迷失之魂的守护神。“她缺失了一些东西，”康奈利说，“这就是洛杉矶的秘密。这里的每个人都来自其他地方，因为他们缺失了一些东西。包括我在内。”

肖特在波士顿地区出生并长大，1942 年前往加利福尼亚州，试图与她关系疏远的父亲和解，当时她的父亲住在旧金山郊区的瓦列霍（Vallejo）。这次尝试失败了。在来到洛杉矶之前，她在迈阿密、圣巴巴拉等多个地方之间辗转，直到 1946 年，在 21 岁时抵达洛杉矶。她的生活不稳定且漂泊不定，或许还没到穷困潦倒的地步，但绝对没有在向上攀升。

1947 年 1 月 15 日早晨，一名母亲推着婴儿车经过莱默特公园（Leimert Park）社区时，在一块空地上发现了肖特的裸体尸体。报纸上关于她被杀以及随后调查的耸人听闻的报道，给她贴上了一个沿用至今的绰号：黑色大丽花。

“所有的谋杀案都重要，但这起案件具有一种令人心碎的共鸣，因为它触动了我们所有人内心深处的漂泊之欲，”康奈利说，“这是一个年仅 22 岁的女性，她只是想看看世界，结果却与一个以摧毁她为乐的变态杀手相遇。”

肖特的躯干在第二和第三腰椎之间被整齐地切断，这是一个复杂的程序，需要医学专业知识。凶手给了她一个“格拉斯哥之吻”，切口从

（右图为在洛杉矶家中地迈克尔·康奈利。根据他审阅的证据（见下文），他坚信马文·梅里尔，又名马文·马戈利斯，就是 杀手以及伊丽莎白·肖特（下图，即所谓的“黑色大丽花”）的凶手。）

她的嘴角向耳朵方向延伸。

还有其他一些过于恐怖而无法描述的侮辱。而且，“黑色大丽花”这个追求危险的冷艳诱惑者的传奇色彩，掩盖了肖特曾是一个感受到真实痛苦的真实女性这一事实。“最令人心碎的是伊丽莎白的最后时刻，”康奈利补充道，“她所忍受的痛苦，以及意识到自己与一个怪物独处时的绝望。”

数十名男子接受了调查，但没有一个人被起诉。这起案件早已成为悬案，但对康奈利来说，它也被“冻结”了，以一种令人胆寒的清晰度被保存了下来。“我有一个女儿，比伊丽莎白·肖特当年大几岁，”他说，“我可以随时查看我女儿的行踪，但伊丽莎白没有一个在乎她的父亲。她真的是孤身一人。”

有些人将肖特描绘成一个被名利心蒙蔽、天真无知的少女。犯罪小说作家詹姆斯·埃尔罗伊在1987年出版了小说《黑色大丽花》，同年康内利抵达洛杉矶。埃尔罗伊称她为“可怜的小女孩和娼妓”，她并非这部小说的核心，小说聚焦于两名男侦探，随后的布莱恩·德·帕尔玛电影亦然。

“对我来说，感觉媒体在某种程度上成了这个故事中的反派之一，因为他们对她所做的一切，”康内利在《代码中的杀手》第一季的一集中说道。这部播客以一种审慎的态度对待肖特充满挑战的一生。但核心问题依然存在：谁应对她的死亡负责？

去年，当杰克逊和罗伯茨向康内利提到一名西弗吉尼亚州调查员的工作时，康内利认为这可能是找到答案的一条途径。这名调查员名叫亚历克斯·巴伯，是一个痴迷于悬案的人。

巴伯前往莱默特公园那块空地的过程并非直接。他最初关注的是一起完全不同的罪案，想要破解 杀手发送给报纸的加密信件。

巴伯将自己的执着描述为近乎病态：“无论如何，我都会挖掘直到找到答案，”他在播客的第一集中说道。他声称在人工智能的帮助下，破解了所谓的 Z13 密码——该密码以简短（13 个字符）著称，他认为这能揭示 杀手的姓名。

通过利用社会保障局和人口普查局提供的记录，巴伯得出了 7100 万 个可能作为 Z13 答案的潜在姓名。“只要字符数和相应的映射一致，一个人的名就可以与另一个人的姓配对，”他在一封电子邮件中解释道。在现阶段，唯一重要的是名和姓的组合符合密码。随后，他利用人工智能逐步筛选该群体，部分是通过利用已知的 杀手的位置、年龄和其他特征。巴伯表示，最后剩下的唯一嫌疑人是一个名叫马文·梅里尔的人，这是马文·马戈利斯的化名。

HULTON ARCHIVE, VIA GETTY

人们对 79 年前发生在洛杉矶的伊丽莎白·肖特谋杀悬案依然痴迷。播客《代码中的杀手》是真实犯罪社区中最新尝试解决此案的作品之一。

PHILIP CHEUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

PHILIP CHEUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

被战争改变的人

《代码中的杀手》（Killer in the Code）缺乏听众在叙事类播客中习惯听到那种丰富的档案音效。这部作品更加直接，就像康奈利本人一样，他用其标志性的低沉沙哑嗓音为该系列进行旁白。听到他那疲惫而坚定的语气，你就能准确感受到博施每次被帕克中心（Parker Center）的局长们要求回家、喝一杯并忘掉一个他永远无法破解的案件时的心情。

在处理 Zodiac 密码时，康奈利招募了埃德·乔治（Ed Giorgio），他是一位退休的国家安全局（NSA）数学专家，精通密码的编写与破解。乔治在播客中表示：“我认为这是一个里程碑式的发现。”

马戈利斯（Margolis）是芝加哥人，曾在第二次世界大战中担任医护兵，并在1946年与肖特（Short）在洛杉矶共同生活了不到两周。谋杀案发生后，他接受了询问并被排除嫌疑。但在1949年，一名警察局的凶杀案调查员告诉大陪审团，马戈利斯“可能是肖特谋杀案的一个非常好的嫌疑人”。那时，马戈利斯已经回到了芝加哥。与肖特类似，他四处漂泊：亚特兰大、堪萨斯，然后又回到加利福尼亚。距离和时间对他有利。在1993年去世之前的数十年里，他从未面临过严肃的审查。

《代码中的杀手》认为，马戈利斯

HOPPER STONE / AMAZON STUDIOS 被他在冲绳战役中看到的一切所改变，当时他是一名医护兵。暴雨导致他工作所在的洞穴内野战医院坍塌，马戈利斯被埋到脖子处长达24小时，这使他患上了军方所描述的“战场神经症”。

泰图斯·韦利弗（Titus Welliver）在亚马逊剧集《博施》（Bosch）中饰演角色，该剧灵感来自康奈利笔下的人物。

环球影业（UNIVERSAL PICTURES）

亚伦·艾克哈特（Aaron Eckhart，左）和乔什·哈特内特（Josh Hartnett）在2006年的电影《黑色大丽花》（The Black Dahlia）中。

罗伯特·唐尼（Robert Downey Jr.，左）和杰克·吉伦哈尔（Jake Gyllenhaal）在大卫·芬奇的电影《Zodiac》中。 MERRICK MORTON / 派拉蒙影业（PARAMOUNT PICTURES）

“这个家伙因为战争而产生了攻击性问题，”康奈利说。

马戈利斯因为从未因战时服役获得紫心勋章而感到愤愤不平。他在1987年写信给海军部和白宫，请求授予该勋章。他在信中写道：“当那些无疑勇敢的海军陆战队员为了在掩体中多深挖一英寸而抓挠大地时，我在战场上流血、战斗并挺身而出。我的灵魂值得这份认可。我的继承人们应当为此感到自豪。”但这份表彰从未被授予。

“根据其记录中记载的症状，有明显的创伤性脑损伤迹象，”巴伯（Baber）在电子邮件中写道。“马文怨恨这个体制，因为他觉得体制辜负了他——将他抛在了身后。”

战后，马戈利斯曾在南加州大学短暂地修读医学预科课程，并在那里参与了人体解剖。他曾与一名前军方密码学家同住，而后者能够接触到 Zodiac 若干年后用来创建密码的那类书籍。

四处漂泊的肖特在好莱坞大道（Hollywood Boulevard）的 Guardian Arms 公寓综合体与他们共同生活了12天。“警方记录称他为她最后一名已知的男友，”康奈利在播客的第一季中谈到马戈利斯时说道。

一种定论

《代码中的杀手》（Killer in the Code）第一季的推出时间，几乎与威廉·J·曼（William J. Mann）的新书《黑色大丽花：世纪中叶好莱坞的谋杀、怪物与疯狂》（Black Dahlia: Murder, Monsters, and Madness in Midcentury Hollywood）同步。曼在书中认为，马戈利斯（Margolis）是最可能的凶手。曼是独立得出这一结论的（因为他的调查范围不包括 杀手）。

但许多人并不信服。记者埃隆·格林（Elon Green）曾写过两本关于纽约的真实犯罪书籍，他在 Defector 网站上发表的一篇文章中详细阐述了他认为该播客存在的缺陷，文章标题俏皮地写道：“迈克尔·康奈利（Michael Connelly）应该坚持写虚构犯罪”。格林认为，身为犹太人的马戈利斯将名字改为马文·梅里尔（Marvin Merrill）是为了避免当时猖獗的反犹主义，而非为了逃避执法部门。他还挖掘出证据表明，当 Zodiac 杀手在湾区活动时，马戈利斯当时在圣迭戈附近的维斯塔（Vista）。他还指出，马戈利斯是“一个真实存在的人，拥有真实的后代，而这些人将被迫面对其影响范围”，这里的“其”是指该播客。

（康奈利还面临指责，称他制作该播客纯粹是为了经济利益。他表示事实并非如此。“是我出钱的，”他说，而且他还没有收回成本。）

该播客威胁要颠覆那些在电影、书籍、YouTube 视频和 Reddit 讨论帖中精心构建的理论。大卫·芬奇（David Fincher）2007 年的电影《Zodiac》增强了人们认为亚瑟·利·艾伦（Arthur Leigh Allen）是凶手的信念，尽管 2002 年的 DNA 分析似乎证明他清白。2024 年 Netflix 的纪录片《这就是 Zodiac 在说话》（This Is the Zodiac Speaking）同样指向 ALA（艾伦在网上的简称）。

前洛杉矶警察局侦探史蒂夫·霍德尔（Steve Hodel）也认为，黑色大丽花案和 Zodiac 杀人案是由同一人所为。在他看来，那个人恰恰是他已故的父亲乔治·H·霍德尔博士（Dr. George H. Hodel），一位才华横溢的医生和企业家。“梅里尔方案甚至经不起最基本的结构性审查，”霍德尔在他的博客中评价巴伯（Baber）对 Z13 密码的破解方案时写道。

这一切都没有动摇巴伯对他工作的信心。“历史上没有任何人能与马文·马戈利斯相类比，”他说，“没有任何人。”

第二季试图证明这一点。史蒂芬·S·特罗特（Stephen S. Trott）曾任美国助理总检察长、洛杉矶县助理地方检察官以及美国第九巡回上诉法院高级法官，他在第二集中表示，该播客已经提供了“足够的证据，足以让一个合理的陪审团在排除合理怀疑的情况下相信，此人就是这两个案件的凶手”。

正如康奈利所承认的，巴伯本人可能是此案中最薄弱的一环。

像 Z13 这样短的密码极其难以破解，而巴伯的方案激怒了许多密码学家，这使得真实犯罪爱好者的攻击更加猛烈。大卫·奥兰查克（David Oranchak）是一名弗吉尼亚州的软件开发人员，他是 2020 年破解 Zodiac Z340 密码的三人小组之一，他发布了一系列视频驳斥巴伯的方案。他还汇总了一份详尽的简报，描述了巴伯在法律纠纷、失实陈述和威胁方面的历史。

“Z13 密码在数学上是不可解的，因为其长度太短，几乎可以适配任何答案，”奥兰查克在电子邮件中写道。“在缺乏客观证据的情况下，巴伯的团队纯粹依赖于确认偏差：他们预设嫌疑人的有罪，然后挑选符合模式的证据来验证他们的密钥。”

“真正的故事在于亚历克斯·巴伯，以及他从根本上就不可信，”奥兰查克补充道，并感叹巴伯受益于“名人的背书”。

巴伯的怀疑对象也一直在变。他曾一度将焦点放在劳伦斯·凯恩（Lawrence Kane）身上，凯恩经常与艾伦一起被列为 Zodiac 嫌疑人的第一梯队。

“我推翻了自己的理论，我最初的那个理论，”巴伯在一次视频通话中解释了他的转变。在随后的一封电子邮件中，他写道，他一直被“持续且系统性地欺骗”，并且他的“个人和职业背景在某些方面被反复操纵和歪曲”。

很快，可能会出现某种形式的定论——至少在播客中是这样。里克·杰克逊表示，警方正在对法医材料进行检测，这些材料可能会将马戈利斯与肖特的谋杀案联系起来。（警方拒绝确认此事。）但实物证据会消逝。嫌疑人会死去。案件依然悬而未决。正义未能伸张。

尽管如此，诱惑依然强烈。即将播出的纪录片系列剧《解构达莉亚》（Deconstructing Dahlia）的电影制作人们上个月表示，他们在认为肖特被谋杀的房间的干壁后面发现了数十份血样。“我们知道那不是马文·马戈利斯，”制片人之一金伯利·卢皮尼说道。此外，电影制作人们也排除了史蒂夫·霍德尔（其父亲乔治）和拉里·哈尼施（一名叫沃尔特·贝利的外科医生）所倾向的嫌疑人。

卢皮尼表示，她的团队已经确定了肖特真正的凶手。

“我们有超过 100 ％的信心，”她说。

她拒绝透露凶手是谁。

她拒绝透露凶手是谁。对于康奈利来说，他希望这次对谋杀案的新关注能唤醒某段记忆，产生新的线索，最终驱散笼罩在这座阳光之城与聚光灯之城的阴影。

“这个案件与洛杉矶密不可分，”康奈利坐在他的写字台前说道，阳光在好莱坞山顶炽热地照耀着。“我想成为破解此案的一员。”

柏林剧院引起巨大轰动

人民剧院（Volksbühne）的新任艺术总监开设了一个游泳池，引发了人们的复杂情绪。

摄影：MUSTAFAH ABDULAZIZ

作者：JIM TANKERSLEY

柏林——本月初，著名但深陷困扰的人民剧院新任总监马蒂亚斯·利林塔尔（Matthias Lilienthal）的首场演出并未按计划进行。其成本遭到质疑，政治倾向引发抵制，同时还伴随着种族主义的指责和暴力威胁。

而且在第一周的几天里，淋浴设备无法正常工作。

利林塔尔的首部作品——一个安装在剧院正门台阶外的临时公共游泳池，任何通过在线预约的人都可以免费使用——旨在标志着这家历史悠久的机构进入一个新时代。在过去的十年里，该机构一直深陷丑闻且艺术创作陷入停滞。利林塔尔在最近的一个下午表示，这个游泳池既是对柏林的一次“拥抱”，也是对他所谓的这座城市基础设施衰败的批判。

然而，这个被称为“人民浴场”（Volksbad）的泳池却成了文化战争的战场。

在开放不到一个月的时间里，这个泳池成了观察德国右翼在线媒体权力上升的一个窗口；随着全球变暖给欧洲带来日益酷热的夏天，它凸显了关于谁有权在公共场所消暑的争论；并且揭示了柏林工人阶级的根本性变化——正是这个阶级在100多年前建立了人民剧院，其使命是将艺术带给大众。

利林塔尔被指责为挥霍无度（因为他将由纳税人资助的预算中300,000欧元，约$350,000, 花在了一个泳池上，而这笔钱本可以资助另一部剧院作品）；被指责为种族主义者（因为他安排了一场专门为服务黑人青少年的组织预留的游泳时段）；也被赞誉为天才（因为他策划了一场挑衅，从而引发了具有揭示性的反应）。

但在最近一个阴郁的下午的一次采访中，看着零星的游泳者在现已恢复工作的淋浴间和木制泳池平台之间走动时，利林塔尔否认了所有这些说法。他对泳池获得的关注感到满意，但对他未曾预料到的争议感到震惊，而且对于他的实验所激起的各种力量，他似乎感到悲哀。

“在某种程度上，这很天真，”利林塔尔靠在塑料泳池椅上说道，“我66年前出生在柏林，而柏林一直是一座鲜明的左翼城市。”

他说，即便是在最近的2000年代和2010年代，这座城市的氛围也依然是“非常典型的‘每个人都可以做他或她想做的事’——而现在情况不再如此了。”

人民剧院诞生于20世纪之交的德国工人运动，其位于市中心的石造建筑是用被称为“工人分币”的会员费建造的。它旨在将艺术带给那些在很大程度上被排除在剧院之外的德国阶层。

这座建筑在第二次世界大战中严重受损，但后来被重建，并在共产主义时期的东柏林作为一家国立剧院重新开放。柏林墙倒塌后，它在艺术总监弗兰克·卡斯托夫（Frank Castorf）的领导下繁荣发展，其任期于2017. 结束。随后是十年的丑闻期。左翼活动人士占领了剧院，以抗议任命卡斯托夫的继任者克里斯·德孔（Chris Dercon），后者在半年后辞职。下一任总监在性骚扰投诉中辞职，而其后的一任则突然去世。

利林塔尔在卡斯托夫执掌剧院期间曾担任副导演，随后开启了更广阔的职业生涯，最近担任慕尼黑室内剧院（Münchner Kammerspiele）的导演。在那里，他的首项举措是在该市一些最富有的社区搭建临时小屋。他以极低的价格将这些小屋按夜出租，以此评论高昂的房价。随后，在难民在德国的存在遭受政治攻击之时，他执导了聚焦难民的剧作。

他去年同意回归领导人民剧院（Volksbühne）。今年夏天，五名工人

（图注）从上至下：位于柏林的 Volksbad 泳池；这个临时公共泳池是人民剧院导演马蒂亚斯·利林塔尔（Matthias Lilienthal，左）的首部作品，建在人民剧院（右）前的广场上；其特许经营摊位销售薯条。下方的泳池旨在给柏林一个“拥抱”，并对该市衰败的基础设施提出批评。

在剧院前的广场上建造了 Volksbad 泳池，长 82 英尺，宽 16 英尺，深 4 英尺。它设有更衣室和一个特许经营摊位，每份薯条售价 3.50 欧元（约 $4）。

利林塔尔表示，这个想法是对卡斯托夫的一次呼应。据说卡斯托夫在接管剧院后曾打趣道：“要么它将闻名世界，要么他们会把它改成一个游泳池。”

利林塔尔说，他对柏林火车延误和学校维护不善感到沮丧。当他想带 9 岁的女儿去游泳时，公共泳池经常关闭。

此外，他再次批评德国对待移民的方式。在 2023 年柏林泳池发生了一整个夏天的斗殴后，一些泳池开始要求凭身份证件入场，批评者称这种追踪措施是针对移民的。利林塔尔宣布，在他的 Volksbad 泳池中，不检查身份证件。门票免费但数量有限，一旦放出便被迅速抢购一空。

巨大的争议在 8 月中旬爆发，当时剧院在某个下午为一家名为“Each One Teach One”的组织预留了时段，该组织服务于非洲裔青年。一位名叫艾琳·韦贝勒（Aileen Weibeler）的当地政治人物（曾代表中右翼基民盟竞选）希望那天与一名朋友一起参观泳池。但当她看到该时段被该团体占用时，身为白人的韦贝勒拍摄并发布了一段社交媒体短视频，声称存在歧视。

“我认为这不对——而且我现在仍然认为不对——当一件事情是由纳税人的钱资助的公共项目时，肤色不应成为准入标准，”韦贝勒在一次采访中说道。

Tatiana Firsova 参与了报道。

这段视频迅速走红，引发了右翼和主流媒体的一波报道，并引起了“德国选择党”（AfD）的愤怒谴责。AfD 是一个势力激增的极右翼政党，被德国情报部门贴上极端主义标签。游泳者们接到了大量威胁。自由派则指责批评者种族主义。剧院和该团体无奈取消了该时段。利林塔尔及其团队在泳池上方挂了一天巨大的横幅，上面写着一句脏话，旨在针对那些实际上强迫其关闭的人。

许多评论员抨击了为 Each One Teach One 提供数小时专属访问权的决定。但评论员延斯·巴尔泽（Jens Balzer）在《时代周报》（Die Zeit）上写道，这是成功重启的一部分。他说，整个事件就像“一场戏”，虽然可以预见，但“让马蒂亚斯·利林塔尔几乎一夜之间确立了自己不屈反叛者的形象”。

利林塔尔表示，他希望在德国反歧视法允许的范围内，给黑人居民提供一个没有歧视的游泳场所。他说：“我们希望观众构成多样化。”

他补充说，剧院即将上演的具有国际化色彩的剧目计划反映了这种方法，其中包括由一名日本导演执导、由一名韩国视觉艺术家设计的舞台剧，以及由八名黑人舞者表演的两名巴西编舞者的作品。

德国选择党（AfD）在德国工人阶级中取得了重大进展，利林塔尔在思考，这座工人剧院的泳池所引发的抵制是否反映了工人阶级心态的这种转变。

他说，柏林已经变成了一座由政府和初创公司组成的城市，市中心“三分之一是网红”，重工业已被掏空。“所以，柏林不再有工人了，”他说。

那么，这个泳池是一件艺术品吗？

“不是，”他说，“但它是一次公共干预。”

当天下午早些时候，来自柏林的 48 岁女性弗里德里克·施韦林（Friederike Schwerin）和她的女儿马蒂尔达（Mathilda）在细雨中于人民浴场（Volksbad）嬉戏。施韦林对笼罩在泳池开放初期之上的争议感到遗憾。她解释说：“我很渴望能来”支持它。

但似乎很少有其他人这么做。随后细雨停止，泳池开始聚集起人们，大家面带微笑，在水中嬉戏。

淋浴设施运行良好。

盗贼再次洗劫珍宝

上周发生在西班牙的一起抢劫案，与欧洲其他地区发生的艺术品犯罪如出一辙。

作者：NINA SIEGAL

据当地议会称，上周，盗贼在几分钟内闯入西班牙东南部的一家小型博物馆，盗走了一组被称为“比列纳宝藏”（Treasure of Villena）的无价青铜时代金银器收藏品。

如果这听起来与去年巴黎卢浮宫博物馆的抢劫案以及近期欧洲各地其他备受关注的艺术品盗窃案相似，那是因为它凸显了整个欧洲大陆的一种盗窃趋势。艺术品犯罪专家表示，此类盗窃行为正变得越来越迅速且暴力。

最近的一次案件发生在周四凌晨的比列纳博物馆（MUVI）。盗贼在那里盗走了“比列纳宝藏”66件藏品中的大部分，该收藏品包括金手镯、金银器皿、青铜制品以及两件被认为是由稀有陨铁制成的铁器。

阿利坎特大学（University of Alicante）的史前史教授加布里埃尔·加西亚·阿蒂恩萨尔（Gabriel García Atiénzar）将这组收藏品描述为“欧洲发现的最卓越的史前黄金组合之一，而且在我看来，它是理解伊比利亚半岛青铜时代晚期社会的关键考古发现之一”。

尽管一些估计认为这批宝藏价值170 万欧元（约合200万美元），但比列纳市议会发言人大卫·塞丹（David Cérdan）在电子邮件中表示，它是无价的。“对于一个拥有3,000年历史的随葬宝藏，是不可能为其定价的，”他说。

MUVI是一家小型市立考古博物馆，成立于1957年，用于存放西班牙考古学家何塞·玛丽亚·索莱尔（José María Soler）在阿利坎特省挖掘的材料。后来它发展成为一家规模更大的自然历史博物馆。

塞丹表示，周四早晨，两个警报在短短几分钟内先后响起——首先是5:16 a.m.（其中包含16）在距离博物馆约六英里的市立体育中心响起，随后在5:20 a.m.（其中包含20）在博物馆内响起。

他补充说，当第一批警察和西班牙国民警卫队（Spanish Civil Guard）巡逻队到达时，“那里已经没有人了”，“宝藏和其他贵重物品已被盗走，盗贼已经消失”。

据塞丹称，盗贼迅速破解了博物馆的所有安保措施，包括5级警报、防弹玻璃、金库以及室内外监控摄像头。

总部位于阿姆斯特丹、曾协助追回博物馆被盗物品的艺术品侦探亚瑟·布兰德（Arthur Brand）表示，盗贼可能故意触发第一个警报，以便在实施抢劫时将警察吸引到其他地方。

负责此次犯罪调查的西班牙国民警卫队未立即发表评论。但当地市长富尔亨西奥·塞丹（Fulgencio Cerdán）在周四的新闻发布会上表示：“我们知道有多人参与其中，使用了多辆车辆，行动协调且有组织。”

市长说，该收藏品的66件藏品中大部分被盗。他补充道，只有一顶皇冠被遗留在现场，可能是盗贼在逃跑时掉落的。

议会发言人塞丹表示：“毫无疑问，这次行动具有极高的专业水准，手段极其暴力，使用了专业器材，且他们非常清楚自己在寻找什么以及物品位于何处。”

这次抢劫案模拟了总部位于海牙的欧盟执法机构——欧洲刑警组织（Europol）上周发布的一项研究中强调的日益暴力的艺术品犯罪类型。报告称：“犯罪分子使用大锤、斧头、撬棍，在某些情况下甚至使用爆炸物，强行闯入场所并砸开展柜。”

此次事件也符合博物馆盗窃聚焦于贵金属的趋势，因为黄金、白银和其他金属比独特的艺术品更容易被熔化并交易，而钻石和其他珠宝则可以被拆分并作为宝石交易。

艺术品侦探布兰德说：“盗贼过去关注的是绘画，但越来越多的人意识到，偷来的画作其实没什么用。”

对于比列纳（Villena）而言，这次盗窃是一次痛苦的文化损失。“我们完全崩溃了——我甚至在发抖，”市长塞丹（Cerdán）在新闻发布会上说道，他几乎落泪。“事实是，对于我们比列纳人来说，这摧毁了我们。”

比列纳宝藏（Villena Treasure）收藏品的总重量超过 22 磅。布兰德（Brand）表示，如果窃贼不能被迅速抓获，他们可能会通过熔炼来销毁这些文物，而不是尝试将它们完整地出售。

“你无法出售这些作品，因为它们在全世界都闻名遐迩，”他说，“但如果他们将其熔化并与现代黄金混合，你永远无法分辨出区别。”

比列纳博物馆 比列纳宝藏是一组无价的青铜时代金银器收藏品，上周从一家西班牙博物馆被盗。

2 网球

罗杰·费德勒与玛丽·卡里洛入选名人堂。 3 棒球 凯特尔·马特的行为迫使亚利桑那州进行艰难的权衡。

分析 / 评论

职业美式足球

教练比尔·贝利奇克在赛季揭幕战中的胜利重塑了人们对北卡罗来纳州的预期。

2026年8月31日，星期一 D1 N

ERIC RISBERG / ASSOCIATED PRESS

评论

运动员激进主义的演变

作者：杰里·布鲁尔（JERRY BREWER） 《竞技》（The Athletic）

就在上周的十年前，科林·卡佩尼克在一次季前赛的国歌奏响时选择坐着，几乎没有人注意到。他在旧金山49人队的连续3场比赛中保持沉默地这样做，如果不是因为NFL网络记者史蒂夫·怀切（Steve Wyche）的细心观察，卡佩尼克可能会一直坚持这种无声的抗议。

卡佩尼克不需要新闻发布会，不需要公关专家来准备声明，也不需要助手预先撰写社交媒体帖子。他坐下是因为他的良知告诉他必须采取行动。直到怀切询问，他才开口谈论此事。随后他解释说，他通过拒绝为一个不代表所有人的国家起立，来反对针对黑人的警察暴力。他的解释是为了服务于他的行为，而非替代行为。

MARCIO JOSE SANCHEZ / ASSOCIATED PRESS 科林·卡佩尼克。十年前，这位四分卫在NFL比赛前，在49人队的边线悄悄开始抗议警察暴力。

本月早些时候，卡佩尼克的“了解你的权利训练营”（Know Your Rights Camp）以同样低调的方式，再次向当地社区承诺捐赠100万美元，以与2016.年相同的资金投入来庆祝这个10周年纪念日。这件事在我们的新闻雷达上几乎没有引起波动。没有胜利巡游，没有媒体宣传，没有仪式。只有服务。

卡佩尼克以一种真诚的方式表达立场，在所有的喧嚣中——所有的争论与妖魔化，所有对他信息的歪曲——他从未放弃这种方式。这使他成为一个令人沮丧的人物，一个极少说话且绝不偏离重点的人。但在目睹了过去十年中那些冲向麦克风的体育名人的行为后，你不得不钦佩卡佩尼克的信念以及他对名声的淡泊。

接续见D7页

网球 / 美网公开赛

JOSEPH PREZIOSO / AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY

BRIAN SNYDER / REUTERS 罗杰·费德勒周五出席国际网球名人堂名人职业经典赛。右图为费德勒周六与前球员、先驱播报员兼记者玛丽·卡里洛合影。

卡里略与费德勒在名人堂入职仪式上呈递“情书”

作者：马修·富特曼（MATTHEW FUTTERMAN） 《竞技报》（The Athletic）

罗德岛州纽波特 —— 在职业生涯正式结束四年之后，以及在最后一场单打比赛走下温布尔登草地五年之后，罗杰·费德勒，这位以每个人梦寐以求的方式打球的瑞士大师，成为了国际网球名人堂的成员。

他穿着一套棕褐色西装，一件熨烫平整的白衬衫，系着一条与人群中所有西装外套相称的蓝色领带。在一个完美的夏末夜晚，超过 5,000 人填满了两个观看区，费德勒在纽波特地上的草坪上大步走过——这里被认为是一个半世纪前美国网球的发源地——并完成了他在球场上二十多年来一直做的事情：成为了历史的一部分。

这位 20 次大满贯冠军费德勒并非独自进入名人堂。首先，前球员、开拓性的播报员兼记者玛丽·卡里略迎来了她的时刻。他们共同分享的不止是一次入职仪式。他们的演讲特点在于，致敬的对象并非他们自己及其职业生涯，而是他人 —— 那些在他们个人心中占据重要地位、帮助他们登上这个舞台的人。

“玛丽·卡里略是世界上最优秀的讲述者之一，”比利·简·金在开场致辞中这样评价她。

马修·富特曼是《竞技报》的高级网球作家。

金讲述了她与卡里略相识的故事，当时距离卡里略及其在皇后区道格拉斯顿的邻居赢得 1977 年法网混双冠军仅剩几个月。那位邻居就是约翰·麦肯罗。

卡里略的球员生涯因伤早早结束，她成为了第一位在网球领域取得突破的全职女评论员。随后，她成为一名屡获殊荣的记者和体育主播，其工作内容包括为 NBC 主持奥运会转播。

“她真的非常重要，”金说道。

卡里略今年作为第 273 位成员进入名人堂，这既是最大的运气，也是最糟糕的运气。因为任何排在这个位置的人，都不得不给费德勒做“热身”。

最终，反而是费德勒可能暂时被掩盖了光芒。卡里略发表了一篇如此激昂、风趣且温柔的演讲，以至于在她之后发言几乎成了一件不可能完成的任务。

“能给罗杰——就是这边这个长相有趣的家伙——颁奖，真是太荣幸了，”卡里略说道。

“罗杰所处的境界，是我们之中极少数人能够想象的。”

人们常说，伟大的运动员在谈论自己的运动和成就时往往很吃力。随着日光渐暗，费德勒起初确实有些如此，他略显僵硬地列举了自己参加过的大满贯赛事和一些职业生涯数据。但随着演讲的进行，情感开始涌现（正如他预料的那样），他打破了这种刻板印象。他将自己的运动描述为“一件复杂而美丽的事情”。

当他打球时，这确实如此。这就是为什么在仪式开始前数小时，名人堂的场地就已经挤满了人，而这类仪式在夏季体育日程中通常是被忽略的。那是

向所有帮助他们成为巨星的人致敬。

这是自 2022 年拉夫尔杯（Laver Cup）上费德勒与拉斐尔·纳达尔那场盛大的告别双打赛以来，出现最密集的“RF”帽子场景。

“我仍在给网球写我的情书，”他在一段充满泪水且对所有陪伴他走过旅程的人表达感激的演讲接近尾声时说道，“这不是告别。”

但每个人似乎都在追问的那个答案，就落在卡里略（Carillo）精彩的表演（其中包括一首献给她在职业生涯中见证其演变的宿敌关系的诗）与费德勒动情的点名致谢之间。

谁将引导他入选？

去年，塞雷娜·威廉姆斯在引导玛丽亚·莎拉波娃入选时让所有人大吃一惊。那是一个出人意料的转折。威廉姆斯和莎拉波娃在职业生涯期间关系一直很紧张。

费德勒在球员时代并没有太多紧张的关系，候选人也很多。拉斐尔·纳达尔自然是所有人的首选猜测。去年在法网的纳达尔致敬仪式上，费德勒、诺瓦克·德约科维奇和安迪·穆雷都出席了。

然而，出现的是一个更合适的人。米尔卡·费德勒（Mirka Federer）走向麦克风，代表他们通过网球和生活所建立的伙伴关系——作为夫妻，作为父亲和母亲，而且根据费德勒在演讲中的说法，还是教练、击球伙伴和造型师。

她很少在公开场合发言。但她的表现就如同经常如此一样自然。

“我们相遇时，他一个 ATP 冠军都没有，”她面无表情地开玩笑说。

她回忆起坐在前排的安迪·罗迪克，在辛辛那提公开赛决赛输给费德勒后曾说过：“我不敢相信我输给了一个女朋友帮他热身的家伙。”

她拥有全场最好的位置来见证他的球员生涯，并讲述了他如何在职业生涯最后 12 年里坚持带着两对双胞胎孩子随行参赛的故事。

“这些价值观支撑他走过了生命的每一个章节，”她说。

接着轮到费德勒发言。他很久以前就让自己感到惊讶，因为他成为了那些敢于在公开场合表达情感的体育明星之一。他对此感到挣扎。他在前几晚的一次采访中表示，尽管这种脆弱感能让人们看到除了那个看似毫不费力就能获胜的“冰火冠军”之外的另一面，但这种前景依然让他紧张。

这也是为什么这次入选名人堂的仪式与纽波特（Newport）以往经历过的任何仪式都不同。

“名声从未是目标，”费德勒告诉观众，“目标是与我爱的人一起做我热爱的事。”

他回忆起自己在巴塞尔担任 13 岁球童时的经历，腿上的酸痛，以及在网球还是白色的时代，用父亲的木质球拍学习这项运动。

“这就是我的年龄，”他说。

在提到多年前去世的两位教练彼得·卡特（Peter Carter）和彼得·伦德格伦（Peter Lundgren），以及提到坐在他面前的童年偶像斯特凡·埃德伯格（Stefan Edberg）加入并指导他时，他哽咽了。在提到陪伴他 18 年的教练塞弗林·卢蒂（Severin Luthi）时，他又一次哽咽。

随后，无论他是否愿意，那些情感开始倾泻而出。

这不像他在 2025 年达特茅斯学院毕业典礼上的主旨演讲，那时充满了关于跌倒后如何站起来的教训。他前几天说他不想教课。但实际上他确实教了，因为他进行了一番点名致谢，其诚挚程度让任何奥斯卡获奖感言都相形见绌。

“我需要纸巾和太阳镜。我需要一切来保护我，”他在声音颤抖、泪水滴落时说道，“这太混乱了。”

是的，这位在生活和赛场上似乎总能毫不费力地轻盈前行的球员和个体，在演讲中显得磕磕绊绊，因为他正走向那个注定最艰难的部分——他称之为“关于米尔卡的部分”。

“我们手牵手，冲破重重障碍，”他谈到妻子时说道。

费德勒解释说，在他 4,040 盘竞争激烈的单打比赛中，他一直有一个简单的计划。

“我试图展现我对这项运动的热爱，”他说，“这对我很重要，我也希望它对你们同样重要。”

这一点他已经做到了。

他将这项运动描述为“一座压力的火山”，但同时也向他所怀念的轻松时刻致敬——更衣室里的情谊，以及在比赛前最后一刻还在打牌的时光。他敦促球员们保持一颗年轻的心，像他当年那样奋斗，他说要“在比赛中创造我们从未见过的东西”，“不断地变得更好，更好，更好。”

最后，他向那些像他一样、依然在街道上用粉笔画出球场打球的孩子们致意。他承诺，他将永远透过他们的眼睛来看待这项运动。

他非常熟悉那些眼神。因为这个周末，人们正是带着这样的眼神，前往新英格兰的一个小镇，观看一位伟大球员的最后一次表演。

在资格赛中，比决赛更能上演的，是更多关于喜悦与绝望的场景

FRANK FRANKLIN II / 美联社 美国公开赛的资格赛对参赛者的经济生存至关重要。

作者：JAMES HANSEN 《The Athletic》

周五正午刚过，曾感受过颈间奥运金牌的分量、肩负过大满贯决赛压力的郑钦文，在斯塔迪姆 17 号球场的绿色亚克力场地上瘫坐在地，发出了欣喜的欢呼。

James Hansen 是《The Athletic》的高级执行编辑。

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在一场因周四雷雨而推迟在法拉盛草原公园举行的比赛中，2024年巴黎奥运会冠军以 6-4, 3-6, 6-0. 击败了俄罗斯选手 Elena Pridankina。这场胜利是 Zheng 本周的第三场胜仗，使她成功进入今年第四个大满贯赛的正赛抽签。

对于这位来自中国的 23 岁选手来说，在奥运光环的余晖中，以及此前闯入 2024 年澳大利亚公开赛决赛的势头下，进入正赛似乎是理所当然的事情。然而，随后而来了持续的右肘伤病。手术。康复。每次复出后又迅速陷入停赛。世界排名跌至第 121. 位。早早出局的失利让她在寻找回归之路时倍感挣扎。

球场边的工作人员。轮到他流泪了。

在纽约，这一切都爆发了。

对于参赛者来说，这也可能决定他们在追求体育和经济生存之路上能否成功。参赛者中既有崭露头角的新秀，有处于职业生涯底层的人员，也有那些因为伤病、状态下滑、倦怠或任何阻碍而试图重新找回状态和自我的名将。

上周，在比莉·简·金国家网球中心，喜悦、绝望、胜利与灾难的场景交替上演。这部分赛事在整个赛程中处于一个奇特的位置。资格赛是美国公开赛将其冠名为“球迷周”的核心。观众可以免费入场。这是一种有趣且便捷的观赏顶尖网球赛的方式，尤其是在主赛票价飞涨的今年。

资格赛第一轮出局可获得 $32,000 ——这远不足以支撑一年的巡回赛开支。第三轮被淘汰可获得 $66,000. 但如果能获得正赛第一轮的席位呢？那将获得 $140,000. 因此，在周四和周五，每个进入正赛的小组胜者所获报酬是输者的两倍多。这带来了巨大的压力。在资格赛中，网球运动带来的情感波动可能比大满贯决赛还要剧烈。

问问 Chris O'Connell 和 Zsombor Piros 就知道了。32, 岁的 O'Connell 在几年前曾闯入前 100 名，并摆脱了资格赛的残酷竞争。在经历了一段时间的直接入围后，这位澳大利亚选手今年发现自己回到了资格赛。他在温布尔登第三轮出局。

26, 岁的 Piros 今年首次获得了参加资格赛所需的排名积分。这位匈牙利选手在温布尔登第二轮出局。

[...OMITTED...]

周五，他们在第三轮相遇。在激烈的第二盘末段，奥康奈尔在领先一盘的情况下，通过调度让皮罗斯四处奔波，随后打出一记深至球场底角的内出正手球，从而获得了一个高压球机会。只要将球扣死，他就能以 5-4 领先，并凭借发球局重返他渴望的位置。

他舒展身体，击球，球进了。但与此同时，他的左脚踝在身下扭曲折断。

奥康奈尔坐了起来。他向团队示意。他先是行走，随后蜷缩，最后跛行至球场边。他踢了球拍，脱掉鞋子，坐在场边痛哭。训练师赶到了。奥康奈尔进行了平衡练习以检查关节强度。

各种抉择在他脑海中回响。尝试坚持发球赢下比赛，他或许能进入正赛，获得额外的 $74,000 以及一些恢复时间。但他也可能加重伤势，导致赛季提前结束，让自己陷入更糟糕的境地。在这一切发生时，皮罗斯坐在一旁等待。

奥康奈尔决定继续比赛，但他已不再是之前的状态。在进入抢七局后，他无法挡住皮罗斯。奥康奈尔没有进行第三盘比赛，而是选择了退赛，跛行到场边，沉思于那些被夺走的一切。

皮罗斯首次进入大满贯正赛，他走向教练和支—

另一位澳大利亚选手特里斯坦·斯库尔凯特在 10 分决胜盘中击败了加拿大的利亚姆·德拉克塞尔，比赛结束时他仰面瘫倒在地上，随后用毛巾盖住头，掩面而泣。克里斯蒂娜·柳托娃——首位在 2010 年代出生并赢得巡回赛冠军的 WTA 球员——在获得首个大满贯资格后，看向支持团队的眼神中，难以置信多于喜悦。

还有比安卡·安德烈斯库，这位 2019 年美国公开赛冠军在经历了一系列伤病挫折后，一直在女子网球的第二梯队中艰苦奋斗，以重建她的排名和信心。她深知在胜利边缘扭伤脚踝是什么感觉。2025 年，在她家乡举办的加拿大公开赛上，当她面对两届大满贯单打冠军巴博拉·克雷吉科娃并持有赛点时，她就遭遇了这种情况。

安德烈斯库同时地大笑与大哭。她设法赢下了那场比赛，但未能及时恢复以参加下一场。

周五下午，她以领先一盘和一个破发局的优势面对斯洛文尼亚选手塔玛拉·齐丹塞克。随后一切再次出错。在第二盘中，安德烈斯库请求医疗暂停，训练师检查了她的生命体征。在第三盘中，脚踝伤势让她无法覆盖全场。她在场边几乎落泪。她坚持到了最后，但齐丹塞克保持了冷静，比赛结束时，安德烈斯库在训练师的陪同下离开球场。

类似的场景也将出现在正赛中。会有伤病，会有不幸，会有喜悦，也会有悲伤。但在资格赛——这个处于“球迷周”的轻快氛围与残酷竞争之间的过渡空间里，网球运动的情绪被推向了顶峰。

冰球

分析

喷气机队的困境：守门员是否仍是核心？

作者：MURAT ATES 和 JESSE GRANGER The Athletic

关于康纳·赫勒拜克（Connor Hellebuyck）未来的一个关键问题仍未得到解答，无论温尼伯喷气机队（Winnipeg Jets）是完成一笔重磅交易，还是让他们的 1 号守门员再效力一个赛季。

作为 2025 年哈特奖（Hart Trophy）得主（联盟最有价值球员）以及三届维齐纳奖（Vezina Trophy）得主（NHL 最佳守门员），赫勒拜克究竟能达到什么样的水平？

即便赫勒拜克休赛期的整体情况已为人所知，但探讨具体细节依然至关重要。他在离队访谈中对球队的发展方向提出了批评，随后在球队寻求未能实现的交易机会期间保持沉默。周五，赫勒拜克的经纪人发布了他的声明，公开确认了其交易请求。

他的队友们预计他会参加训练营。他们只是在谈话时不再表现得 100% 确定赫勒拜克将永远留在喷气机队。

“我希望赫勒能回来为我们效力，”乔什·莫里西（Josh Morrissey）本月早些时候告诉 The Athletic，“他是世界上最好的守门员。但无论发生什么，或者没发生什么，那都取决于他、他的经纪人和俱乐部。”

“在事情发生之前，他就是一名喷气机队球员，是一个好朋友，我们很期待他的回归，”喷气机队队长亚当·劳里（Adam Lowry）说道。

而未被言明的部分是，赫勒拜克在去年并不是世界上最好的守门员

赫勒拜克正接近历史性的衰退年龄。

赛季——至少在为喷气机队效力期间并非如此。

赫勒拜克的扑救率仅为 .895，因接受一次小型膝盖手术缺席了约一个月，且在连续两个赛季领跑联盟后，其“高于预期扑救进球数”最终仅排在第13位。即便在意大利奥运会上为美国队夺金期间表现强势，但仍有理由质疑赫勒拜克的地位。

他的这个赛季是一个偶然，还是膝盖关节镜手术恢复过程的一部分？或者这是一个信号，表明赫勒拜克应该被贴上“买家慎入”的标签——无论对于在休赛期签下斯图尔特·斯金纳的喷气机队，还是对于那些寻求冠军拼图的争冠球队而言。

33 岁的赫勒拜克已远超典型守门员的身体巅峰期，历史告诉我们，剧烈的下滑可能即将到来。从统计数据来看，NHL 守门员的表现巅峰在 26 到 30 岁之间，平均而言 27 岁时的数据最好。守门员通常在 31 和 32 岁左右趋于联盟平均水平，随后则会逐渐——且往往是剧烈地——衰退。

对于预测赫勒拜克的未来来说，这并非好兆头。但我们见过许多顶尖守门员（他显然属于这一类）在 30 岁中后期依然表现出色。

自 1981 年奖项评选标准更改以来，赫勒拜克是四位获得三次或更多次维兹纳奖（Vezina）的守门员之一。另外三位在 33 岁之后都延续了其统治力。

帕特里克·罗伊在 35 岁时率领科罗拉多雪崩队夺得斯坦利杯，并凭借在季后赛的惊艳表现赢得康·斯迈斯奖；在 36 岁时，他仍是维兹纳奖的入围者。马丁·布罗德尔在 33 岁后赢得了两次维兹纳奖，并且

穆拉特·阿特斯和杰西·格兰格为《The Athletic》报道 NHL 赛事。

直到 37 岁之前，他每赛季的出场次数仍高达 75 场。多米尼克·哈塞克在 33 岁那个赛季赢得了哈特奖和维兹纳奖，随后又赢得了两次维兹纳奖和两次斯坦利杯。从统计学上讲，你可以认为哈塞克和布罗德尔的最佳赛季出现在 34 岁。

更近期的例子是，马克-安德烈·弗勒里在 36 岁时赢得了维兹纳奖，而谢尔盖·鲍勃罗夫斯基在 35 岁时是维兹纳奖的入围者。

有些守门员天生体质不同，而赫勒拜克正符合这种模子。他是同代守门员中荣誉最多的，也是少数仍能承担高强度工作的“苦力”之一，曾五次在 NHL 出场次数中领跑，且每赛季经常出战 60 场以上。尽管在 11 月和 12 月期间缺席了两位数的场次（约一个月），赫勒拜克上赛季仍设法完成了 57 场首发（并列联盟第五）。

这让我们想到了另一个潜在的危险信号：在上赛季膝盖手术后的 43 场 NHL 比赛中，赫勒拜克并未展现出往日那种惊人的状态。

从历史上看，押注于一名在受伤后难以恢复最佳状态的高龄球员通常是明智的，但这并不一定意味着赫勒拜克的顶尖守门员时代已经结束。这与坦帕湾闪电队的安德烈·瓦西列夫斯基三年前经历的情况类似。

2023 年 9 月，瓦西列夫斯基接受了背部手术，导致他缺席了 2023-24 赛季的前 20 场比赛。回归后，瓦西列夫斯基立即承担起苦力角色，为坦帕湾队在接下来的 17 场比赛中首发 15 场，但情况并不太理想。那个赛季，他的扑救率（.900）和高于平均扑救进球数（-11.99）均创下职业生涯新低。

但在 2024 年经历了一个完整的休赛期后，瓦西列夫斯基恢复了顶尖状态。在随后的两个赛季中，他拥有联盟最佳的 .917 扑救率，实现了令人印象深刻的 46.61 个高于预期的扑救进球，并再次赢得维兹纳奖。

赫勒拜克给了我们充分的理由相信他可以走类似的道路，而最好的例子莫过于他在奥运会上的英勇表现。手术之后，他在金牌争夺战中成为了场上表现最好的球员。

最终的下滑不可避免，但赫勒拜克（Hellebuyck）的比赛风格使其能够比大多数球员更优雅地面对衰老。这个位置给身体带来了巨大的压力，但他不像普通门将那样过度透支体力。赫勒拜克依靠世界级的阅读能力和预判来提前占据位置。在大多数情况下，他的移动冷静且高效。

他对比赛的理解不会消失，随着年龄增长，他应该能够弥补身体素质上的任何下滑。只要不需要过于频繁地做出奇迹般的杂技式扑救，他应该能够毫无问题地将这种状态维持到 30 岁后期。

赫勒拜克的合同还剩五个赛季，该合同于 2023 年与温尼伯队签署，年均价值 $8.500 万，而他的完全禁止交易条款将在 2027 年 7 月 1 日转变为 10 支球队批准的交易名单。签约斯金纳（Skinner）为喷气机队争取了寻找合适交易的时间，但其他球队可能需要等到自己的门将表现失常，才会感到有压力去进行交易。

在赫勒拜克职业生涯的这个阶段，确实存在其巅峰期已过的风险。然而，任何趋势都存在特例，而如果说赫勒拜克在人生的大部分时间里一直是什么，那么他就是一个特例。在他这个罕见的案例中，拥有地球上最强门将的潜在回报使他值得一赌——无论他在哪里履行合同的剩余期限。

康诺尔·赫勒拜克（Connor Hellebuyck）已请求交易，他上赛季的统计数据平平，但在美国队夺金的比赛中表现出色。 DAVID ZALUBOWSKI / 美联社

棒球

凯特尔·马特（Ketel Marte）在 6 月对阵道奇队时击出再见本垒打后的样子。这是本赛季亚利桑那球员击球力度第六强的球。 RICK SCUTERI / 美联社

权衡行为、金钱与胜场

在8月的一场对阵红袜队的比赛中，马尔特拒绝离开酒店房间，这让主教练托雷·洛武洛感到被背叛。

作者：肯·罗森塔尔（KEN ROSENTHAL）

《竞技网》（The Athletic）

凯特尔·马尔特（Ketel Marte）转向亚利桑那响尾蛇队的休息区，甩掉球棒，带着一丝极浅的微笑摇了摇头，仿佛在说：“别惹我。”

这一时刻是响尾蛇队本赛季最戏剧性的瞬间之一，它完美地解释了为什么球队管理层拒绝放弃他，即便他在不恰当的时机缺席球队。

坦纳·斯科特（Tanner Scott）的快球时速为97英里。马尔特击出的再见本垒打让响尾蛇队在6月初与洛杉矶道奇队的主场系列赛中打成平手，该球的出球速度为113英里——这是本赛季亚利桑那球员击球力度排名第六的球。

马尔特还占据了出球速度前五名的席位，更不用说他击出了球队最远的一记本垒打，距离为452英尺。他击球斯科特的那记强攻距离为431英尺，但这再次证明了他的鼓舞人心的天赋如何能让一支球队兴奋起来。当队友们欣喜地在主垒将他围住时，马尔特高举双臂。脱身后，他用双手向观众飞吻。

这就是球队所渴望的庆祝方式，也是这种方式促使他们降低标准以迁就某些球星。

马尔特，32, 是棒球界顶尖的二垒手之一。但他最近的失误——在争冠关键期未能出席一场比赛，随后在治疗膝伤期间在赌场放松——再次引发了人们的担忧。

马尔特的一些行为可能源于他在场外处理的个人事务。但体育界许多人仍在问：为什么响尾蛇队能容忍他的行为？

答案并不复杂。

“他是一名极具天赋的球员，”总经理迈克·哈森（Mike Hazen）上周表示，“在某种程度上，你愿意忍受的事情与为了获得能赢得比赛的产出水平之间存在一种平衡。我们的业务就是赢得棒球比赛。”

马尔特在心态正确时，能以较低的价格提供顶尖的产出，因为他在2025, 4月签署了一份为期七年、价值$116.500 万的合同延期协议，其中包含$46 million的递延支付。

而当响尾蛇队考虑交易他时——就像他们在上个休赛期所做的那样，因为知道马尔特作为一名拥有10年服务年限（其中连续五年在同一球队）的球员，将在4月获得完整的禁止交易保护权——他们并没有收到对方为一名拥有改变比赛能力的强力左右开弓击球手提供的、他们认为公平的价值。

在别无选择的情况下，响尾蛇队会对马尔特进行处罚。当他在8月17, 拒绝离开酒店房间参加在芬威公园的一场比赛时，球队短暂地将他列入限制名单，连续第二个赛季无薪停职。他那一晚的行为让他的坚定支持者之一、主教练托雷·洛武洛感到被背叛。

“这就像是被一个你真正关心的人撕碎了心，”洛武洛说，“我觉得我理应得到更好的对待。”

洛武洛并不是唯一一个受到马尔特行为影响的穿制服的人。

肯·罗森塔尔是《竞技网》的高级MLB记者。丹尼斯·林（Dennis Lin）和强尼·弗洛雷斯（Johnny Flores）参与了报道。

马尔特是一名三届全明星球员，他的行为也给队友们带来了干扰，其中许多人像洛武洛一样，起初只担心他的健康状况。

响尾蛇队当时在争夺国家联盟第三张外卡，直到比赛开始前的一刻，他们仍抱有希望，期待马尔特能加入。最终，红袜队以11-1大胜。

在波士顿缺席比赛三天后，马尔特向

凯特尔·马尔特迫使亚利桑那队进行了一种令人遗憾的分析。

洛武洛和海曾与他的经纪人查里斯·埃斯皮诺萨-达什在亚利桑那州斯科茨代尔举行了一次会议。随后，亚利桑那响尾蛇队将他从限制名单移至伤病名单。预计马尔特最早将于周一重新加入球队。

洛武洛对马尔特表示失望，但同时也表达了同情，他在某个时刻说道：“我热爱凯特尔·马尔特。我与他的关系不会改变。”

马尔特通过埃斯皮诺萨-达什拒绝就本文发表评论。

马尔特的下一步是与记者交谈并向队友道歉。响尾蛇队除了欢迎他回归外几乎没有其他选择，因为他们深知他对球队的重要性。但当他再次表示抱歉时，他们会在多大程度上认真对待？

马尔特在 2025. 年，在斯科茨代尔的家中遭遇盗窃后，因缺席全明星赛休息后的前三场比赛而向俱乐部道歉。不久之后，《亚利桑那共和报》报道称，队友及组织内部的其他人员对他“倾向于请假”的行为“私下抱怨”。

海曾表示，响尾蛇队不会轻视此类问题。

“更衣室里发生的事情对我们来说极其重要，”海曾说，“我们并非对此视而不见。我们一直在讨论这件事。”

几名因坦诚而获得匿名权的响尾蛇队球员表示，他们对最近这次马尔特引发的闹剧感到精疲力竭。

据一名球员称，一种普遍的情绪被这样总结：“典型的凯特尔。直接离开。事实就是这样。”

球迷、记者甚至队友通常并不了解球员在个人生活中所承受的痛苦。马尔特的母亲埃尔皮迪亚·巴尔德斯在 2017 年 7 月的一场车祸中去世，这属于公开记录。但马尔特近期经历的两次心碎之痛则并非公开。

据一名与其关系密切且未获其授权公开发言的人士透露，马尔特在 2025 年春季失去了外祖母。该人士表示，他目前还面临着另一位至亲离世的打击。

因此，在响尾蛇队对阵红袜队的系列赛首场比赛前，当他把自己关在波士顿的酒店房间里时，僵硬的膝盖并非他唯一的不快之源。

据多名了解情况的人士透露，响尾蛇队知道马尔特在哪里。他们通过埃斯皮诺萨-达什与他沟通。但直到比赛开始前，包括经纪人在内的任何人都不知道他是否会前往球场。

“当他感到沮丧时，他会退缩，”洛武洛说，“这就是一个典型的例子。”

那位与其关系密切的人士表示，马尔特现在意识到，未能现身是错误的。

8月 21, 日晚上，当响尾蛇队在蔡斯球场对阵辛辛那提红人队时，他出现在斯科茨代尔的一家赌场，这同样显示出其判断力有问题，但并未违反任何规定。当时正在进行膝盖康复训练的马尔特并不被要求必须在球场。但一名因坦诚而获得匿名权的队友称此举是“一记耳光”。另一人则说：“这简直是在挑衅大家。”

对于组织内部的一些人来说，马尔特在关键时刻缺席比赛的历史让他几乎没有获得信任的空间。但在 2023, 和 2024, 9月下旬的两次缺席中，原因均来自身体问题。

2023 年，响尾蛇队最终赢得了外卡并晋级世界大赛，马尔特在季后赛中出战全部 17 场比赛，打击率为 .329，上垒率加长打率（OPS）为 .914。2024 年，他们以一场比赛之差错失季后赛。而上个赛季，在马尔特缺席全明星赛休息后的时间后，部分球员对他的不满在《亚利桑那共和报》的文章中浮出水面。

然而，其他队友认为对马尔特的批评过于苛刻。当他的家被盗时，马尔特正身在故乡多米尼加共和国，这是自外祖母去世以来他首次回乡。游击手杰拉尔多·佩尔多莫在打断洛武洛的一次新闻发布会为马尔特辩护时情绪激动。

“我不想以队友的身份发言，我想以兄弟的身份发言，”佩尔多莫当时说道。“他只是想打棒球。”

亚利桑那响尾蛇队的人员称赞马尔特是个勤奋的人。他们表示，他的日常行为并没有造成干扰。然而，洛武洛最近表示担心马尔特可能缺乏有效的支持系统。认为管理层对他过于宽容并非没有道理。但俱乐部官员对此予以反驳。

本质上，响尾蛇队愿意接受马尔特每年出现一两次的小波动，以换取他在出场时的表现。

在过去的四个赛季中，马尔特平均每赛季出战 137 场，今年仍有可能达到这个总数。球队渴望那些表现超出薪水的球员，因为他们能提供盈余价值。马尔特拿着一份低于市场价的合同，经常能提供这种类型的红利。

在过去的三个赛季中，马尔特共赚得 $3800 万。根据 Fangraphs 的美元指标（将替代球员胜场数转换为基于球员在自由市场中可赚取金额的美元量表），他的价值是该金额的三倍多——总计 $122.300 万。

本赛季并非马尔特进攻表现最好的赛季。他的 .314 上垒率将是他自 2016 年以来的最低值。他的 .760 O.P.S. 比其职业生涯平均水平低 57 个点。然而，尽管缺席了 16 场比赛，马尔特以 21 支本垒打并列球队之首，并以 67 次打点领跑全队。响尾蛇队官员认为，如果没有他，球队的表现会糟糕得多。

马尔特最初拥有一份包含 5 支球队的禁止交易名单，其中包括奥克兰运动家、纽约洋基、匹兹堡海盗、旧金山巨人以及圣路易斯红雀。现在，作为一名 10-and-5 球员，他拥有完整的禁止交易保护权，有权否决任何交易，这实际上使他能够选择自己的下一个目的地——如果他还想离开的话。

据说马尔特在亚利桑那州感觉很舒适。他为什么不舒适呢？

“他想被人们如何记住？”一名响尾蛇队人员说道。“在某种程度上，这关乎他自己，关乎他希望留下什么样的遗产。”

“你可能有一份包含 10 件事的待办清单，然后突然之间，又冒出了 6 件新事情。”杰夫·哈夫利，海豚队教练

REBECCA BLACKWELL / ASSOCIATED PRESS

新任主教练分享职位的挑战与教训

作者：迈克·琼斯 (MIKE JONES) 《竞技报》(The Athletic)

大多数 NFL 助理教练都渴望有一天能领导自己的球队。

尽管被委以专业领域的职责，但协调员们经常会思考随更高职衔而来的重大决策。随后，那些足够幸运地成为主教练的人，才真正发现自己处于掌控地位。

从首席助理到足球主教练的跨越被证明是非常巨大的，而且在某些方面，这些助理教练发现，除了实际开展工作之外，没有任何事情能让他们为这次飞跃做好充分准备。

在这个休赛期，有 10 支球队更换了主教练，其中 6 个职位由新任主教练担任。

亚利桑那红雀队聘请了洛杉矶公羊队的进攻协调员迈克·拉弗勒 (Mike LaFleur)。巴尔的摩乌鸦队聘请了洛杉矶闪电队的防守协调员杰西·明特 (Jesse Minter)。布法罗比尔队将进攻协调员乔·布雷迪 (Joe Brady) 提升为主教练。克利夫兰布朗队聘请了乌鸦队的进攻协调员托德·蒙肯 (Todd Monken)。拉斯维加斯突袭者队聘请了西雅图海鹰队的进攻协调员克林特·库比亚克 (Klint Kubiak)。而迈阿密海豚队则聘请了格林贝包装工队的防守协调员杰夫·哈夫利 (Jeff Hafley)，他在 2020 到 2023 年间担任波士顿学院的主教练，但从未在 NFL 执教。

自从去年冬末被聘用以来，这些教练一直努力为他们的首个赛季奠定基础。大多数人在接手工作时都有一个愿景，但在许多方面，他们是在实践中学习，且学习从未停止。

在这里，拉弗勒、明特、布雷迪、库比亚克和哈夫利揭开帷幕，分享一些经历、惊喜以及学到的教训，以及他们将在赛季开始后如何应用这些经验。（布朗队未安排蒙肯接受采访。）

问答内容经编辑以缩短篇幅并提高清晰度。

您如何描述从协调员到主教练的这次跨越？您又是如何兼顾这一切的？

拉弗勒（LaFLEUR）：这确实是一次跨越，毫无疑问，但很有趣。如果你愿意的话，可以把它看作一场新的冒险。让我获得这份工作的最大原因是什么？嗯，显然有一些人际关系方面的因素，但核心是进攻教练的身份，对吧？

……有些日子你只想锁上门，只看橄榄球，只处理进攻方面的事情，准备好完善我们的战术体系，研究联盟中不同的防守阵型以及趋势走向。但你不能一直锁着门，所以我认为这就是最大的跨越所在。

你知道情况会是这样，但有时你会觉得：“我不想让任何人进来”，但你猜怎么着？我必须打开那扇门，然后我在其他地方寻找更多时间。

布雷迪（BRADY）：我认为这与从四分卫教练到进攻协调员的跨越并没有太大区别。显然，你需要平衡更多的事情，每个人都期待你做出决定。但实际上——从进攻协调员的角度来看，进攻端的所有人都看着你。是的，你现在必须处理更多其他领域、办公楼其他部门的事情。这种转变在于确保每个人都在沟通，并且使用你的语言。

对我来说，这可能不是最难的，因为我以前在这个办公楼里工作过。所以我对系统的运作流程有更好的感觉……但我现在是日复一日地摸索，解决所有问题。

明特（MINTER）：在时间管理和制定一个你认为对每个人都最好的时间表方面，这是一个巨大的跨越，而这几乎是不可能的。你尝试从这样的角度来看待它：“什么能给球队每天进步提供最好的机会，专注于橄榄球，而不用担心所有其他琐事？”你尝试自己处理很多这类事情，以免干扰他人。我认为你应该尝试雇佣一支优秀的员工团队，你可以将你的哲学传达给他们，而不需要回头去进行微观管理。

库比亚克（KUBIAK）：这是一个巨大的挑战，但我认为最大的挑战还在后面，那就是管理比赛以及管理整个周的比赛计划。所以这还有待观察。在休赛期本身，我雇佣了许多我信任的优秀人才，这让生活变得轻松多了……我信任他们，而且我认为只要团队中拥有你可以

（Mike Jones 为 The Athletic 报道 N.F.L. 赛事。Joe Buscaglia 参与了报道。）

依靠的人，就会非常有帮助，因为有太多的工作要做，绝对不是一个人能完成的。

哈夫利（HAFLEY）：我在 B.C. 被雇佣时，刚满 40 岁，当时我可能还没准备好。我不知道是否有人在第一次担任主教练时能真正准备好，因为总会有一些事情突然出现，你会想：“天哪，我不敢相信作为主教练我还得做这个。”在大学里，由于要处理的事情更多，情况可能更甚。但我现在绝对感觉准备得更充分了。

这已经不是我第一次雇佣员工团队，也不是我第一次坐在员工室的前排，并在整个橄榄球队面前发言……我不会做太多比较，说什么“经历过且做过了”，因为这是全新的。这是 N.F.L.，它有所不同。所以仍然有很多是我必须学习的，并且将继续通过经验和依靠他人来学习。

在你的办公桌上出现过的最荒唐的事情是什么，而你之前完全不知道这属于主教练的职责范围？

明特（MINTER）：我们收到的一些球迷来信。比如，我被邀请参加一些我从未见过、完全不认识的人的婚礼和各种活动。他们只是死忠的乌鸦队球迷，所以，你知道，这挺有趣的。我会写封便条表示祝贺，但显然，我不会出现在某个陌生人的婚礼上。就是这类事情。在你真正坐上那个位置之前，你意识不到聚光灯下的生活会是什么样子。

哈夫利（HAFLEY）：我渐渐意识到，每天都会出现一些你没预料到的事情。你可能有一份包含 10 件事的待办清单，然后突然之间，又冒出 6 件新事。有人走进你的办公室说：“这件事需要你处理。一名球员刚刚发生了这种情况。我们需要你处理。我需要你和这个人谈谈。” 如此如此，没完没了，你只能每天尽力而为，尝试完成尽可能多的工作。

在我的第一次尝试中，我觉得自己好像什么都没完成。每隔两分钟就会出件事，以至于你晚上睡觉时会想：“天呐，我该怎么搞定这些？” 然后你学会了每天尽力而为。第二天总会有工作要做；依靠你雇佣并信任的员工，并进行授权。我现在绝对学会了如何做得更好。然后你醒来，继续攻坚克难。

罗布·卡尔 / 盖蒂图片社 “让球队感受到你的个性。那是让你走到今天这个位置的原因。” 杰西·明特，乌鸦队教练

职业橄榄球

大卫·理查德 / 美联社 “无论你是成功还是失败，都要确保在整个过程中做你自己。” 乔·布雷迪，比尔队教练 “我必须雇佣许多我信任的优秀人才，这让生活变得轻松多了。” 克林特·库比亚克，突袭者队教练

卡罗琳·卡斯特 / 美联社 大卫·J·菲利普 / 美联社

“这无疑是一个巨大的跨越，但很有趣。如果你愿意的话，可以称之为一次新的冒险。” 迈克·拉弗勒，红雀队教练

库比亚克（KUBIAK）：老实说，我认为我没想到的事情是，当我们的幕僚长马特·卡普罗问我想要人们在飞机上的什么位置坐时。我之前真的从未考虑过这个问题，还有“飞机的着装要求是什么？” 在我看来，这两件事可能对比赛没什么影响。所以这件事有点离谱，但没错，就是这些组织管理上的事情，当你是一名协调员或位置教练时，这些很重要，但你从未需要思考过。

布雷迪（BRADY）：这个问题我得小心回答。惊喜很多，但现在没有什么能让我感到惊讶了…… 有很多你想不到的[事情]，但我传达给整个办公大楼的基本信息是：“不要假设任何事情。” 所以，我们要确保向他们准确地展示，或者明确地告知我们必须穿什么，必须做什么，必须在什么时间出现在哪里，因为你会开始意识到，比如，“等等，我不知道我得说那个。”

拉弗勒（LaFLEUR）：有人会问你想要什么样的笔，白板想要放在哪里？就像，给我一支能用的笔就行。在墙上给我弄个白板。比如，我真的不在乎。请根据你的专业判断来决定。我有其他更重要的事情要做。但真正最荒唐的事情是，大约两个月前，我的办公桌上有一个橄榄球，上面写着：“你能签这个吗？” 我叫我的助手杰进来，问他：“这是给谁的？” 他看着我，说：“给你父亲。他不想直接问你。”

关于从协调员转型为总教练，您收到的最好的建议是什么？是谁给您的？

库比亚克（KUBIAK）：那是我父亲给我的。在我整个职业生涯中，他一直告诉我：“事情总会办成的。”你并不总是知道接下来会发生什么，而且你可能没有足够的时间去处理某件事。但他会说：“它会办成的。”他在丹佛与迈克·麦考伊（Mike McCoy）共事了很多年，他也对迈克说过同样的话。坦白说，这是一个非常好的建议，因为当你看着待办事项清单时，你只需要一次处理一件，并且知道最终事情一定会办成。无论你是否准备好，比赛都会进行，球也会开出。所以这句话一直铭刻在我的心中。

布雷迪（BRADY）：做你自己。你能处于这个位置是有原因的。无论你是成功还是失败，都要确保在整个过程中保持真实，因为你不会希望在经历这个过程且没有成功后，对自己说：“好吧，我迷失了方向。我试图改变我的本色，试图用不同的方式做事。”所以，忠于自我。坦白说，很多人都这么说过。一些我不认识的总教练联系了我，还有一些我一直依赖的人。但基本上最大的信息就是：指导你的教练组，然后确保不要改变你的本色。

明特（MINTER）：吉姆·哈博（Jim Harbaugh），他在我过去四年的成长以及为担任这个职位做好准备方面对我产生了重大影响，他的建议就是做你自己。“你已经准备好了。如果我不认为你能够获得真正的成功，我不会告诉人们你准备好了，也不会给你打气。”所以，我认为这很有意思，因为当你获得这份工作时，你首先想到的几乎是必须尝试取悦很多人，但到头来，你必须忠于你自己，忠于你的信念，向球队传达你为什么相信某些事情。我认为当你建立起这种联系，解释清楚并沟通之后，他们才会真正理解并认同。

拉弗勒（LaFLEUR）：收到的建议很多，但在那些我认为与我最亲近的人之中，有一个一致的建议——这个建议来自我的兄弟，但也来自很多其他人，那就是：“不要试图在一天之内把所有事情都做完。”这在第一个月里非常适用，当时你正在面试人员、组建员工团队、了解球员……了解选秀，了解自由球员，尝试制定你的战术体系。

这就好比如果你从大局来看，就像我们的球员一样，如果他们把这看作是一个 17 场比赛的赛季，那会让人感到压力巨大。但如果你把它看作是：“嘿，伙计，我们明天 1 点有训练，”噢，天哪，我们都能应付这个，对吧？我们可以应付一次训练。所以这在某种程度上是一样的，就是保持单一的专注，在特定的时刻，然后就这样一点点地啃下来。

哈夫利（HAFLEY）：让我印象深刻的一件事——而且这实际上适用于每一个将成为总教练的人——就是，当你是一名助理甚至是一名协调员时，你会收到很多建议，对吧？如果你是一名助理并与你的协调员交谈，你会说：“我喜欢这个战术。我们为什么不运行这个？为什么不这样做？”或者像，“嘿，你想怎么组织训练？噢，我认为我们应该增加一个时段，或者我认为我们应该增加一个红区训练时段。”就这样，建议接踵而至。

一旦你成为主教练，面对的就是一个接一个的决定，你必须准备好迅速做出决断，不能在所有事情上犹豫不决。你不能在所有事情上拖延，因为甚至可能有另一个部门在问你：“嘿，这件事你想怎么处理？旅行怎么安排？在这里想吃什么？营养方案怎么制定？”这时，这不再是建议。做出决定，果断执行，然后继续前进。我不记得是谁告诉我的，但我应该记住。

您还会向明年上任的新手主教练传授哪些有价值的知识？

明特（MINTER）：两件事：在聘请工作人员时要非常勤勉。聘请你认识的人或曾经为你工作过的人很容易。但要真正确保教练组的领导岗位在哲学理念上与你自己一致——包括他们的执教方式、教学方式、与球员的沟通方式以及运作方式；确保这些岗位有时能抵消你自身的强项或弱项，但与此同时，在构建球队和塑造身份的过程中，要保持一致的特质和主题。然后我想再次强调：你能处于这个位置是因为你做出了非常出色的成绩。你赢得了这个权利，所以要坚定地做你自己。让球队感受到你的个性。这就是让你走到今天的原因。在让你成功的领域继续精进。如果你是个进攻型教练，就做一个出色的进攻型教练；如果是防守型，就做一个出色的防守型教练。在让你获得这个职位的优势上加倍下注。

哈夫利（HAFLEY）：我只想告诉他做你自己。不要试图成为我，不要试图成为你之前的那个主教练。借鉴从他人那里学到的东西，我明白这必然会发生。在前进的过程中，你的脑海中会响起那些声音——我也经历过。但要记得你是谁。忠于自己，忠于你的身份和你所信仰的东西，因为当情况变得困难时，你必须对自己诚实，而这种诚实会发光。不要试图成为除你自己以外的任何人。这就是你让自己处于这个境地、获得这份工作的原因。

库比亚克（KUBIAK）：最重要的事情是拥有一支你信任、愿意与之共赴战场且会支持你的团队。我对我们目前的这组人非常有信心。只是要处理的事情实在太多了。你只需要那些能够传达你的信息、挑战球员并让球员变得更好的成员。所以，我的建议是不要在招聘过程中操之过急。

布雷迪（BRADY）：我只能谈谈我到目前为止的经验，对吧？我还没有主持过比赛，也没有参加过比赛，但我认为：“不要认为任何细节小到不需要沟通。”我认为过度沟通至关重要……有时，我进入团队会议时会想：“我需要跟他们强调这个吗？”但如果我必须问自己这个问题，那么我可能确实需要，因为如果这件事在以后出现问题，我会对自己感到愤怒。所以，我认为早期要过度沟通，并始终向他们展示什么是标准，什么不是标准，不要仅仅凭假设。

拉弗勒（LaFLEUR）：你获得这个机会是有原因的，所以只要做你自己。你从曾任职的领导和共事的人那里学到了哲学理念，但你不是他们。你是你自己……如果不够真实，人们一眼就能看穿。

分析

弗吉尼亚的老将与南加州大学的孩子们共同成为焦点

作者：曼尼·纳瓦罗（MANNY NAVARRO） 《竞技报》（The Athletic）

随着大学橄榄球碗分区（FBS）八场比赛拉开赛季序幕，北卡罗来纳大学教练比尔·贝利切克（Bill Belichick）成为了周末大学橄榄球赛中最大的赢家，但除此之外还有其他的起伏。

赢家

成年人的足球

许多教练和项目在休赛期研究并模仿印第安纳大学的全国冠军方案：选择有成熟产出记录的高年级球员，而不是将所有筹码押在年轻的潜力上。弗吉尼亚大学在 34-8 击败北卡罗来纳州立大学的比赛中，尽早地证明了为什么这是一个好主意。

在增加了 29 名在其他球队累计出场近 23,000 次的转会球员后，骑士队拥有 Power 4 联盟中经验最丰富的阵容。而北卡罗来纳州立大学的阵容经验则排在倒数第六。两者的差距显而易见。

弗吉尼亚大学的进攻协调员德斯·基钦斯意识到，北卡罗来纳州立大学无法阻止他的资深进攻线或四分卫博·普里布拉通过冲球推进。在 60 分钟的比赛中，弗吉尼亚大学冲球 57 次，仅传球 11 次，并掌控了超过 38 分钟的球权。

来自密苏里大学的转会球员普里布拉冲球 110 码，完成 9 次传球，传球码数 155 码并获得两次达阵。他发挥了自己的优势。弗吉尼亚大学最终以 258 码的冲球码数结束比赛，并且在四次选择在第四档保留进攻权的尝试中全部成功。

基钦斯因拒绝将明显的优势复杂化而值得称赞。而更大的赢家是弗吉尼亚大学决定构建一支能够压制年轻阵容的高年级球员阵容。

赢家

安德鲁·拉克选择的四分卫

在斯坦福大学需要他面对夏威夷大学完成一次逆转之前，四分卫戴维斯·沃伦就已经对“反击”有所体会。他在高中时期战胜了白血病。他以自由球员身份进入密歇根大学，在 2024 年赢得了首发四分卫的位置，随后在金刚狼队陷入困境且他遭遇前交叉韧带撕裂后，转会回到家乡加利福尼亚州进行最后一次尝试。

周六，夏威夷大学在 23-7 落后的情况下连续在第四节得分 20 分，随后沃伦带领红衫军在一次 7 档、60 码的进攻中反超比分。他在这次进攻中 5 传 5 中，推进 58 码；全场比赛他 34 传 22 中，推进 310 码，获得一次达阵且无拦截。这为教练塔维塔·普里查德赢得了执教后的首胜，普里查德是由斯坦福大学总经理拉克聘请的。

普里查德知道被低估的斯坦福四分卫能成就什么。19 年前，在他首次首发且被视为落后 41 分的劣势方时，他带领斯坦福大学以 24-23 击败了南加州大学，在比赛仅剩 49 秒时投出了一次第四档达阵传球，成为了大学足球史上最大的冷门之一。

击败夏威夷大学并非冷门，但红衫军在沃伦带领下的进攻表现比一年前更好，当时他们的得分排名第 122 位（场均 18.8 分）。

输家

加利福尼亚主场观众

高效首秀 弗吉尼亚大学的新四分卫博·普里布拉（Beau Pribula）在对阵北卡罗来纳州立大学的比赛中，冲球110码，传球155码。

谁会对大学橄榄球的回归不感到兴奋？弗吉尼亚大学的球迷倾巢而出——62,779人的观众规模创下了18年来的首次主场售罄，而这场比赛原定于在巴西举行。佛罗里达州立大学在对阵新墨西哥州立大学的主场揭幕战中几乎售罄，看台上有65,915人（容量为67,277人）。

RYAN M. KELLY / GETTY IMAGES

西海岸呢？也许没那么兴奋。南加州大学在洛杉矶纪念体育场对阵圣何塞州立大学，观众稀少。这场比赛是在南加州大学与圣母大学的宿敌之战未能在2026年重启后才排定的。

为了公平起见，当时天气很热。非常热。

根据AccuWeather的数据，开球时的温度达到了94度，体感温度高出10度，且体育场大部分区域没有遮荫，氛围就像一个户外空气炸锅。南加州大学报告的最终出席人数为51,144人（容量为77,500人）。

WILLIAM LIANG / ASSOCIATED PRESS

斯坦福大学的理由是什么？在海岸线北端对阵夏威夷大学的揭幕战开球时，气温为76度。公布的出席人数为23,222人——比2025赛季的平均人数少约5,000人。斯坦福体育场的容量为50,424人。

ETHAN MILLER / GETTY IMAGES

突破之星 右侧的特伦特·莫斯利（Trent Mosley）在南加州大学的胜利中接球7次，获得118码并完成一次达阵。 标志性胜利 左侧的亨特·蒂普顿（Hunter Tipton）和马库斯·斯托克斯（Marcus Stokes）在孟菲斯大学在一场重要的“6组”（Group of 6）比赛中击败内华达-拉斯维加斯大学后庆祝。

获胜者

大学橄榄球

南加州大学的新生班级

南加州大学排名第一的招募班级在揭幕日并没有等待未来。他们在以42-26击败圣何塞州立大学的比赛中立即产生了影响。

34名入学者中有13人出现在开局的双深层深度图（two-deep depth chart）中，15人在进攻、防守和特勤组中完成了大学首秀。

特洛伊人队在所有三个接球手位置、紧端锋和防守端锋位置上都由新生首发。特伦特·莫斯利、凯登·迪克森-怀亚特（Kayden Dixon-Wyatt）、特隆·贝克（Tron Baker）和马克·鲍曼（Mark Bowman）——整个首发接球手和紧端锋组——共计接球18次，获得214码，并完成了南加州大学所有的两次接球达阵。

作为一名四星级招募球员，莫斯利贡献了突破性的表现：接球7次，获得118 yards和一次达阵，此外在两次弃踢回攻中获得56码。三星级招募球员贝克接住了所有4次目标传球，获得45码。新生跑卫沙恩·奥尔斯顿（Shahn Alston）增加了30码和一次达阵。

防守端锋卢克·瓦夫尔（Luke Wafle）贡献了两次擒抱，一次半次损失码擒抱（tackle for loss）以及一次传球拦截。他还给四分卫带来了压力。埃尔伯特·希尔四世（Elbert Hill IV）、塔拉诺亚·伊利（Talanoa Ili）和马登·里奥丹（Madden Riordan）各完成了两次擒抱。

这些新生不仅仅是占据了位置；他们证明了自己配得上这些位置以及部分外界的炒作。

获胜者

迈阿密大学2027年招募班级

马里奥·克里斯托巴尔（Mario Cristobal）的球队将于周五晚上在斯坦福大学开始赛季，但飓风队2027年招募班级的一颗巨星在周六向全国观众展示了实力。

A'mir Sears 将其级别从2028年调整为2027年，因为他认为自己已经准备好加速前往迈阿密大学的进程。

在克里斯托巴尔和飓风队名宿迈克尔·欧文（Michael Irvin）在场的情况下，Sears 在ESPN播出的比赛中拦截了三次传球并接到了两次达阵，帮助迈阿密哥伦布高中以33-28爆冷击败排名第一的毕肖普-戈曼高中（Bishop Gorman）。

Sears 拒绝被与特拉维斯·亨特（Travis Hunter）相比较，表示他想创造自己的传奇。但面对全美排名第一的球队拦截三次传球并两次得分，并不会让这些比较消失。

本地特招球员

比利契克赢得了一场关键比赛，而一名出人意料的球员在其中发挥了巨大作用。北卡罗来纳大学通过从宾州州立大学、特拉华大学、里士满大学和佛罗里达大学引进转会球员，重建了其防守线。然而，其揭幕战的明星却是一名来自北卡罗来纳州罗利市、没有排名的特招球员（walk-on）。

泽维尔·刘易斯在周六比赛前，大一赛季的职业生涯记录为：0次首发，167次防守出场，8次擒抢和0.5次擒杀。在他首次首发中，这位身高6英尺、体重260磅的大二球员在北卡罗来纳大学以15-10爆冷击败德克萨斯基督教大学的比赛中，贡献了7次擒抢、4.5次造成损失的擒抢、2次擒杀以及一次对四分卫的施压。北卡罗来纳大学全队共完成了6次造成损失的擒抢和3次擒杀。

刘易斯在罗尔斯维尔（北卡罗来纳州）高中时曾担任防守端锋、防守截锋、近端锋和跑卫，并帮助球队进入了州冠军赛。在转会门户和N.I.L. era, 北卡罗来纳大学在揭幕战中最大的惊喜，竟是一名简单地挺身而出的本地特招球员。

输家

庆祝警察

大学橄榄球在2026年进入了一个更合理的处罚体系。进攻方干扰接球的罚码从15码减少到10码，而针对“瞄准（targeting）”的禁赛现在仅针对重复违规者或极其严重的撞击。

这些是合理的改动。但我并非支持所有的变化。

在以15-10输给北卡罗来纳大学的比赛第三节中，德克萨斯基督教大学的跑卫杰里米·佩恩通过7码推进获得了一次首攻，他似乎在鼻子下方短暂地抹了一下，然后指向球场前方，这是传统的首攻庆祝动作。为此，他被判了15码的不体育行为处罚。

德克萨斯基督教大学不仅没能跨过中场线，反而被迫后退。两次进攻后，四分卫杰登·克雷格被擒杀并掉球。北卡罗来纳大学利用这个失误踢进一个射门，将领先优势扩大到5分。

我不认同这次判罚。佩恩并没有嘲讽对手，也没有做出任何更严重的肢体信号——包括枪击手势或割喉动作——而这些动作本应触发自动处罚。但他向鼻子方向的短暂动作依然让他承受了代价高昂的罚码。

N.C.A.A.在使处罚更成比例方面值得称赞。但如果普通的橄榄球情绪仍被视为敌对行为，那么重写规则手册的作用就十分有限。在嘲讽他人与短暂享受首攻之间，必须留有空间。佩恩的这次处罚毫无道理。

赢家

查尔斯·哈夫的搬家公司

现在宣布孟菲斯大学是“6强组（Group of 6）”进入大学橄榄球季后赛（College Football Playoff）的最热门球队还为时过早，但孟菲斯虎队取得了一场选拔委员会在12月可能会记住的结果。

孟菲斯大学在内华达-拉斯维加斯以27-21获胜，这让美国联盟（the American）在面对一个曾连续三次进入山西会议（Mountain West）冠军赛的项目时取得了一场重要胜利。一个更大的机会在9月12日等待着他们：前往博伊西州立大学，那是重建后的Pac-12领先竞争者之一。如果在那场比赛获胜，孟菲斯大学将拥有在两个最有可能挑战美国联盟保底名额的会议中，击败知名球队的客场胜绩。

让孟菲斯大学的开局更令人瞩目的是，教练查尔斯·哈夫构建这套阵容的速度之快。虎队增加了81名新成员——61名转会球员和20名大一新生——而从新任阿肯色大学教练瑞安·西尔弗菲尔德最后那支8-5的球队中，仅有四名首发球员回归。

哈夫从南密西西比大学带来了18名球员，在他离开马歇尔大学后的唯一一个赛季里，那里的老鹰队战绩为7-6。周六有九人首发，其中八人在防守端。这些前金老鹰球员贡献了53次擒抢和孟菲斯大学六次擒杀中的四次，而跑卫杰林·卡特（同样是转会球员）以97码冲球和一次达阵领跑孟菲斯大学。

这是转会门户时代中，一种奇怪的新版“连续性”的最新例证。哈夫只是更改了南密西比大学最有用球员们的地址，而他们已经在揭幕之夜准备好交付成果。

分析

北卡罗来纳大学揭幕战，比利奇为第二年奠定不同基调

CHARLES McQUILLAN / GETTY IMAGES PETER MORRISON / ASSOCIATED PRESS

作者：DAVID UBBEN

The Athletic

在比尔·比利奇教练的第一季大部分时间里都在应对公开的尴尬之后，北卡罗来纳大学橄榄球队在第二年的揭幕战中，爆冷击败了一支在去年曾以 34 分之差战胜北卡焦油战士队的球队。

周六在都柏林举行的比赛中，焦油战士队以 15-10 险胜德克萨斯基督教大学。北卡队的防守在多次陷入被动的情况下依然没有崩溃，凭借两次射门得分、一次安全分，以及一名资深四分卫比利·爱德华兹（Billy Edwards Jr.）和新任进攻协调员鲍比·佩特里诺（Bobby Petrino）提供的勉强足够的进攻火力取得了胜利。

“很高兴能以正确的基调开启这个赛季，”爱德华兹说道。他在威斯康星大学的 2025 赛季——这是他大学生涯四个落脚点中的第三个——因膝伤而提前结束。“我们还有很多东西需要清理，但至少我们可以在胜利的记录单中进行。”

德克萨斯基督教大学在赛季首场比赛中被视为拥有 9½ 分优势的热门球队，但由于 11 次犯规导致 100 码损失、红区执行力糟糕以及第四档进攻尝试失败，从而丢掉了比赛。在泥泞湿滑的球场上，北卡罗来纳大学虽然丢了两次掉球，但在总码数上以 322-281 领先于长角蛙队。

在去年于北卡主场举行的揭幕战中，当德克萨斯基督教大学连续得分达到 41 分左右时，比利奇时代开启之初的兴奋感已演变成焦油战士队始终无法摆脱的笑柄。几周后，在查佩尔希尔，他们让一支最终战绩为 7-6 的克莱姆森大学队在第一节就取得了 28-3 的领先，这同样没有起到任何帮助。

虽然仍有许多需要证明的地方，但在经历了另一个充满干扰的休赛期（包括总经理迈克尔·隆巴迪被停职处理）之后，周六的揭幕战为比利奇执教的第二年奠定了截然不同的基调。这次的赛程更加艰难，包括与圣母大学和迈阿密大学等队的比赛，但周六的亮相展现了一种在去年 4-8 战绩赛季第一个月中所缺失的基础能力。

防守组在协调员史蒂夫·比利奇（Steve Belichick）因病休假的情况下作战，但在下半场针对德克萨斯基督教大学的跑球进攻加强了防守，且在某些时刻，其冲传让德克萨斯基督教大学的

比尔·比利奇教练（左起第二位）依靠比利·爱德华兹（最左侧）带领焦油战士队在爱尔兰的赛季揭幕战中击败德克萨斯基督教大学。

进攻线感到尴尬。

进攻端虽然不具爆发力，且在红区表现挣扎，但成功拿下了 19 次第一档进攻，且推进球的次数多于停滞的次数。在雨水浸透的球场上，焦油战士队仅犯规 4 次，损失 25 码，表现优于失误频出的德克萨斯基督教大学队。

击败德克萨斯基督教大学并不意味着整个赛季的成功，但这一次，北卡罗来纳大学没有在休赛期的期待感中以自焚开局。相反，在一个几乎没有任何乐观因素的休赛期之后，焦油战士队给出了乐观的理由。

大学橄榄球将于明年回到爱尔兰，匹兹堡大学将与威斯康星大学在 8 月 27 日进行比赛。

埃内斯·坎特-自由（ENES KANTER FREEDOM）：这位前 NBA 球员笨拙地介入了关于跨性别体育的争论。 MICHAEL REAVES / GETTY IMAGES

索菲·坎宁安（SOPHIE CUNNIGHAM）与凯特琳·克拉克（CAITLIN CLARK）：克拉克（右）因未支持队友的跨性别立场而受到批评。

LM OTERO / ASSOCIATED PRESS 苏·伯德（SUE BIRD）：这位 WNBA 的伟大球员表示，她希望克拉克在谈论重要议题时能“做得更好”。 LINDSEY WASSON / ASSOCIATED PRESS

运动员激进主义的变迁：迷失的指南针

评论

见 D1 页

在当时，大多数社会成员还没有准备好倾听卡佩尼克（Kaepernick）的声音。十年后，体育界正在应用一些连卡佩尼克这个案例都没有教过的教训，这颇为讽刺。这位四分卫失去了他的职业生涯，因为正如他曾经所说：“如果我视而不见，那将是我个人的自私。”这种情怀如今已演变成一句“我要利用我的平台”的口号，而这些话语剥离了让卡佩尼克的行为如此大胆的部分。

正因为他拒绝视而不见，他才愿意失去自己的橄榄球生涯。他的抗议行为——他选择单膝下跪而非坐下，因为前绿贝雷帽成员兼 N.F.L. 球员内特·博耶（Nate Boyer）建议这样做更显尊重——开启了一个奇怪的时代：充斥着嘈杂的声音、空洞的信息，以及被认可的“小组项目式”运动员激进主义，旨在分裂与仇恨的时代里传递美德信号。而当阴云散去，人们便对其社会正义的姿态进行“后撤步”式地否认。每当阴云重现，人们就越发清楚，同理心仍在持续萎缩。

随后，注意力经济接管了一切，释放出太多为了自我提升而畅所欲言的运动员，而非少数为了改善社会而勇敢发声的人。后者在发声时，对随之而来的代价持有恰到好处的恐惧。而前者看到的只有增强自身影响力所带来的好处。

在现代的运动员激进主义中，卡佩尼克形单影只。他远非深受爱戴，但他的立场经受住了时间的考验。过去 10 年里的知名运动员们地对待这份本应被视为珍贵遗产的东西时失策了。凭借其自负，这些追逐影响力的人将他的勇气变成了一个模板，却从未询问原版之中究竟是什么使其值得效仿。他们利用自己的平台，让自己精通于大胆的措辞，但一旦涉及到实际行动，他们几乎成了文盲。

“关键在于在乎”

今年早些时候，我询问前芝加哥公牛队后卫克雷格·霍奇斯（Craig Hodges），他是否希望更多运动员能站出来反对不公正现象。他的回答引发了我的深思。

“这取决于你是否在正确的环境下长大，”霍奇斯说道。他在1992年打了最后一场NBA比赛，当时他31岁，其职业生涯的终结部分归因于他的社会活动。“当约翰·卡洛斯（John Carlos）和汤米·史密斯（Tommie Smith）举起拳头时，他们采取的立场是发自内心的。如果你是在向权力说真话，那就去做吧，我会坐在后面，吃着爆米花，像看电影一样看着。但如果你是在放大自我而非放大问题？那我没兴趣。如果你在阻碍事业的发展，那么你是否恰好为该事业带来了一点关注就无关紧要了。”

我们的电话中断了。两分钟后，他回拨了电话，说话时就像没有被中断过一样。

“你得想想当今运动员所拥有的自由和财富规模，”霍奇斯说。“伙计，这是资本主义与人们之间的较量。在乎他人是他们的责任吗？从个人角度来看，不是。但比起大多数人，他们是否拥有更大的机会去尝试改变世界？是的。但这不能是他们认为‘应该’做的事情。这不是一项职业成就。伙计，这关乎是否在乎他人。”

社会活动与言论不同。卡佩尼克（Kaepernick）将体育界从冷漠状态中惊醒。他实际所做的事情是狭窄且具体的。他是一个孤独的狼，有着明确的关切和绝不偏离的计划。他在每场比赛前两分钟的爱国主义时间窗口内进行示威，并且愿意冒一切风险来引起人们对他所主张事业的关注。但在随后的几年里，许多人得出了错误的结论：“看看我的平台价值有多高！”

勒布朗·詹姆斯（LeBron James）作为他那一代人中最具影响力的偶像，将这一教训贯彻得比任何人都深，而且他也做了很多好事。他在2020年创建了“不仅仅是为了投票”（More Than a Vote）。他资助了家乡俄亥俄州阿克伦市一所面向高风险青少年的学校。他经常批评特朗普总统。但尽管他的影响力如此广泛，当问题与他的商业利益发生冲突时，勒布朗实践的是一种选择性的人道主义。

当被问及前NBA总经理达里尔·莫雷（Daryl Morey）在2019年支持香港抗议者的推文时，勒布朗表示莫雷“要么是被误导了，要么是对情况并不真正了解”。当他国内的社会关怀与他对中国的模棱两可形成对比时，这番话引起了反感，因为他所在的联盟在中国的电视转播收入高达数十亿美元。他在安全且有利可图时利用自己的平台，而在涉及金钱复杂化时则选择了沉默。

消费中立

即便在表态时，詹姆斯也非常精明，他会等待公众情绪要么倾向于他，要么不太可能造成持久损害的时刻。这与其说是伪善，不如说是对时代精神的谨慎驾驭。言论自由从来不是免费的，即便你是出于诚意地使用它。

很少有人能比 W.N.B.A. 超级巨星凯特琳·克拉克（Caitlin Clark）更好地说明目前的困境。她不想卷入其中。曾作为球员工会领导人积极参与社会正义事业的苏·伯德（Sue Bird）表示，克拉克在谈论重要问题方面会“变得更好”，这将其沉默定义为一种可以随着成长而消失的羞怯。这是一种关于“喂养这台机器”之需求的进步观点。这是一种要求：要么利用平台，要么被视为未能履行与名声相随的某种义务。

保守派的观点几乎截然相反。克拉克在印第安纳狂热队的队友索菲·坎宁安（Sophie Cunningham）上个月在接受 ESPN 采访时表示，她支持将跨性别运动员排除在女子体育项目之外，这引发了一场至今仍在持续的激烈争论。

“我认为我来到这里是为了传递爱。但我也认为，”坎宁安在 ESPN.com 的一篇特写报道中说道。该报道刻画了她的完整人格，但最终被简化为一个单一的观点。

“……爱就是真理，就是诚实，”

当然，记者立即转向克拉克询问她的立场。她回避了，声明这应该是“联盟和管理机构与运动员共同努力寻找解决方案”的事情。评论员们消费她的中立，其中最刻薄的是梅根·凯利（Megyn Kelly），她称克拉克为懦夫。对于克拉克来说，这一定是一次令人眩晕的经历。那些渴望超级巨星为其文化战争背书的评论员将她的沉默称为道德失败，而其中一些人正是那些在之前的新闻周期中坚持认为运动员应该闭嘴的人。

汤米·史密斯（TOMMIE SMITH）和约翰·卡洛斯（JOHN CARLOS）：1968年，这两位奥运选手在举起拳头时冒了所有风险。 LEBRON JAMES：当他对中国（一个为 N.B.A. 创造数十亿美元收入的国家）表达矛盾态度时，其人道主义精神受到了质疑。

这种剧烈的反差揭示了目前混乱的对话。在体育与社会的交汇点，过去是由运动员决定何时加速。而现在，其他所有人都在鸣笛，催促他们向自己的方向移动。“平台”不再关乎运动员是否有信念，而在于运动员是否能被武器化。

这就是骗子创造价值的方式。这就是埃内斯·坎特·自由（Enes Kanter Freedom）和罗伊斯·怀特（Royce White）这两位前 N.B.A. 球员通过笨拙地介入跨性别体育争论来寻找受众的方式。这也是过去 10 年来变化最大的地方。体育界充斥着通过令人厌恶的噱头加速对话死亡的劣迹之辈。每个议题都演变成一场维持体面的挣扎。对话过于嘈杂，无法产生成果。无论是在反抗还是在助长，愤怒让我们所有人成为了瘾君子。

然后还有亚伦·罗杰斯（Aaron Rodgers）。作为一名从未停止表态的名人，他使这个故事变得更加复杂。不幸的是，那些其实并不是真正的立场。他只是试图通过让对方疲惫和损耗来解决他的不满。

他关于疫苗的争端至今已持续五年，最近在 ESPN 的《帕特·麦卡菲秀》（The Pat McAfee Show）中进入了最新篇章，他在节目中称安东尼·福奇博士为“彻头彻尾的懦夫”，随后又称其为“彻头彻尾的罪犯”。他抨击福奇在国会讨论其应对 Covid-19 疫情的方式时，反复援引宪法第五修正案（拒绝作证）。罗杰斯在原则层面谈论这一切：身体自主权、对机构权威的怀疑。但他的手段充满了他口口声声鄙视的那种空洞口号。他将冲突伪装成关切，尽管他的表演已令人厌倦，但他总能找到舞台。

当今体育界值得思考的问题是，言论究竟是一种带有代价的行为，还是为那些乐于在劣质内容上浪费时间的观众提供的一种可再生资源。卡佩尼克在了一个赛季中采取了行动，而这让他付出了职业生涯的代价。罗杰斯则花了五年时间重新审视其反疫苗立场，这对他而言毫无代价，且每当他决定发起攻击时，都能在麦卡菲的节目中获得一段独白机会。

这些平台上的噪音比以往任何时候都多，但人们却很难听清任何人究竟在说什么。不，这并不是在要求运动员闭嘴打球。但或许现在我们可以看到“单膝下跪”的价值。

注意力经济并不奖励信念，也不奖励信念的缺失。它奖励任何能够概括冲突的东西。它会从任何足够诚实、足够愚蠢或足够具有破坏性且能持续提供内容的人那里攫取素材。

毫无意义的表态

因此，当运动员给出模棱两可的回答时，可能并非因为他们缺乏卡佩尼克那样的勇气。而可能是因为，在现有的选项中，真诚发声的可能性已被刻意剔除，导致表演——或者谨慎的沉默——成了几乎仅剩的应对之策。

我们该走向何方？我不想假装自己知道答案。但在卡佩尼克单膝下跪十年后，他依然比他的同行们站得更高。

这个问题也比运动员本身更严重。在过去的几年里，各大联赛和赞助商一直在摸索，在不损失收入的前提下，他们究竟能容忍多少程度的激进主义。答案在不断缩小。2020年乔治·弗洛伊德事件后的巅峰期——端区标语、联赛认可的宣传活动、企业的团结声明——此后已被逐步削减。赞助商选择了退缩，多样性计划被拆除。

幸存下来的是那些成本最低、最安全、最泛泛的姿态：一分钟的默哀，或者一个配合新闻周期的社交媒体帖子。将其视为体育界的“我们需要所有人”化（“It Takes All Of Us”-ization）吧。说了话，但什么也没说。与三年前相比，那些成本高昂且具有针对性的激进主义，如今生存空间已大幅萎缩。

PAT McAFEE SHOW / ZUMA PRESS WIRE / CAL SPORT MEDIA，经由美联社 亚伦·罗杰斯（AARON RODGERS）——《帕特·麦卡菲秀》（The Pat McAfee Show）为这位四分卫提供了一个平台，让他能够重新申辩其所有反疫苗立场。

凯里·欧文（KYRIE IRVING）——2021年，抗议者在布鲁克林的巴克莱中心集会，支持一名拒绝接种新冠疫苗的球员。 JOHN MINCHILLO / 美联社

自行车赛

波加查在事故中多处受伤，退出西班牙自行车赛

作者：克里斯·马歇尔-贝尔（CHRIS MARSHALL-BELL）

《竞技报》（The Athletic）

来自斯洛文尼亚的自行车运动员塔代伊·波加查（Tadej Pogacar）在西班牙自行车赛第8赛段发生事故后退出比赛，他遭受了脑震荡、左锁骨移位骨折、稳定的C7颈椎骨折以及多处擦伤。

波加查是阿联酋航空-XRG车队的车手，他在前七个赛段中赢得了3个冠军，且在总成绩上领先于移动星车队的恩里克·马斯（Enric Mas）3分50秒。他在该赛段还剩20英里时发生事故。

周六，他在主车群中排在第20位左右时摔倒，事故发生在西班牙西马特-德-拉-瓦尔迪尼亚（Simat de la Valldigna）的中间冲刺点之后不久。

视频显示，他似乎试图避开路面上的一块石头，导致其摔倒。Visma-Lease a Bike车队的本·图莱特（Ben Tulett），以及Netcompany-Ineos车队的搭档奥斯卡·昂利（Oscar Onley）和卡洛斯·罗德（Carlos Rod。

克里斯·马歇尔-贝尔（Chris Marshall-Bell）是一位专注于自行车运动和调查报道的自由记者及播客主，他为《The Athletic》撰写了本文。

riguez，也卷入了这次事故，但似乎没有受伤。

这是 27 岁的波加查（Pogacar）自 2023 年在比利时的一场单日赛——列日-巴斯通-列日赛（Liège-Bastogne-Liège）中折断手腕以来，首次在比赛中弃赛。

U.A.E. 车队的体育经理约克森·费尔南德斯·马钦（Joxean Fernández Matxin）表示：“不幸的是，这种摔车事故在自行车运动中时有发生。起初他想继续比赛，但我们发现他的肩膀疼痛。我们决定他不能继续。他当时只说：‘很痛，很痛。’在这种情况下，你必须做出决定。”

这次摔车之所以令人震惊，除了终结了波加查的西班牙大环赛（Vuelta）并可能影响他的 2026 赛季外，还在于他此前如此频繁地避开了伤病。在过去的四年里，他曾多次摔车，或在千钧一发之际化险为夷。

其中包括 2022 年在斯潘德勒斯山口（Col de Spandelles）下坡时与他永恒的环法对手约纳斯·温格高（Jonas Vingegaard）发生的著名事件；2024 年环意赛（Giro d'Italia）中的跌落，以及去年的白色公路赛（Strade Bianche）、巴黎-鲁贝赛（Paris-Roubaix）和环法赛中的摔车，随后在 3 月的米兰-圣雷莫赛中又摔了一次；此外在环法和环意中还发生过其他险些出事的情况。就在这次西班牙大环赛弃赛的前几天，他在一个狭窄且棘手的下坡路段打滑冲出了路面。

这是 27 岁的塔代伊·波加查（Tadej Pogacar）自 2023 年在比利时的列日-巴斯通-列日赛中折断手腕以来，首次在比赛中弃赛。 JOSE JORDAN / AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES

位置选择是波加查通常能够规避和躲避导致比赛终结的摔车的关键。“他陷入尴尬境地的次数较少，因为他总是处于领先位置，那里的视野要开阔得多，”2022 年至 2023 年期间在 U.A.E. 车队与其共事的队友乔治·本内特（George Bennett）说道。

而且通常情况下，即使他摔车，也与周六的情况不同，他几乎总是能选择完美的着陆点，从而避免滚下山坡、掉进沟渠或陷入其他危险之中。这是专家级的单车操控能力，是通过多年练习磨练出的技术和直觉。

“这就是自行车运动的现实——它会给你带来好的，也会给你带来坏的，”马钦说。“现在我们必须陪伴其他车手以及塔代伊。最重要的是，我们希望他能快速康复，伤势并不严重，并且能够迅速恢复。我们必须在这些糟糕的时刻支持他并陪伴在他身边。”

“这给团队其他成员带来了动力。他为我们赢得了如此多的胜利，我希望现在车队能为他赢得许多胜利。”

波加查计划参加的下一场比赛是 9 月下旬在蒙特利尔举行的世界锦标赛。作为现任世界冠军，波加查能否争取他的第三次连续彩虹衫？

在一段视频中，他似乎在试图避开路面上的一块石头。

“我们将看看医生的说法，并在报告出炉后做出决定和结论，”马钦在周六表示。

U.A.E. 车队的医疗总监阿德里安·罗图诺（Adrian Rotunno）在周六的一份声明中列出了波加查的伤情，并表示没有其他重大伤势，也没有神经系统后遗症。波加查需要进行锁骨手术，但由于脑震荡预防措施，手术将被推迟。

天气报告

大都市预报

今日

最高气温 80。天气将较为潮湿，云量与阳光交替，下午将有零星阵雨。风力微弱且风向多变。

今晚 ......潮湿并有阵雨，最低气温 70。天气将保持潮湿，天空大部分时间多云。该地区将有阵雨。风力保持微弱且风向多变。

明日 ......下午有雷阵雨，最高气温 84。下午将出现多变的云量并伴有雷阵雨。任何雷阵雨都可能引发闪电洪水和破坏性阵风。

周三 .....潮湿并有雷阵雨，最高气温 83。天气将相当多云且潮湿，并伴有雷阵雨。任何雷阵雨都可能引发闪电洪水和破坏性阵风。

周四

周五 ......周四有雷阵雨 周四云量将多于阳光，并伴有雷阵雨。最高气温 85。 周五将出现云量与阳光交替，下午有几场阵雨。最高气温 80。

重点：风暴将抵达西北地区

从周二晚间到周四，一场风暴将推进至华盛顿州和俄勒冈州地区，在西北地区带来降雨和阵雨。虽然降雨可能对面临干旱的地区有所裨益，但此次风暴可能会引发洪水。随着风暴向内陆演变，华盛顿州、俄勒冈州、爱达荷州、北加利福尼亚州、北内华达州和蒙大拿州西部的气温可能会比近期有所下降。

AccuWeather 气象预报

全国预报

今天从内布拉斯加州到纽约将出现零星雷阵雨，主要集中在下午。任何持续到夜晚并覆盖爱荷华州、明尼苏达州和威斯康星州的雷阵雨都可能产生局部破坏性阵风。

在中央公园，截至昨日下午 1 点的 13 小时内。

纽约市地区< / td><>昨日< / ><>今日< / ><>明日< / >< / tr><><>纽约市< / ><>76 / 67 0< / ><>80 / 71 Sh< / ><>85 / 72 T< / >< / ><><>布里奇波特< / ><>79 / 59 0< / ><>78 / 70 Sh< / ><>79 / 71 T< / >< / ><><>考德威尔< / ><>75 / 59 0.02< / ><>79 / 69 < / ><>86 / 71 T< / >< / ><><>丹伯里< / ><>76 / 55 < / ><>77 / 69 < / ><>82 / 69 T< / >< / ><><>伊斯利普< / ><>79 / 59 0< / ><>79 / 70 < / ><>83 / 71 T< / >< / ><><>纽瓦克< / ><>77 / 63 0.03< / ><>80 / 71 < / ><>87 / 74 T< / >< / ><><>特伦顿< / ><>78 / 56 < / ><>81 / 68 < / ><>89 / 70 T< / >< / ><><>白平原< / ><>77 / 60 < / ><>77 / 68 < / ><>82 / 70 T< / >< / table>

降水量（单位：英寸）

横跨俄亥俄河谷的高压系统促使从德克萨斯州到中大西洋地区出现极端高温和高湿度，尽管东南部出现的零星雷阵雨可能会在一定程度上降低下午的气温。

城市

C......多云< / td><>S......晴< / >< / tr><><>F......雾< / ><>Sn......雪< / >< / ><><>H......霾< / ><>SS......阵雪< / >< / ><><>I......冰< / ><>T......雷阵雨< / >< / ><><>PC......局部多云< / ><>......微量< / >< / ><><>R......雨< / ><>W......有风< / >< / ><><>Sh......阵雨< / ><>-......不可用< / >< / table>

在国家的另一端，横跨落基山脉的雷阵雨可能会带来破坏性的阵风和山洪。内华达州、北加利福尼亚州和俄勒冈州干燥且有微风，将导致火灾风险升高；而风暴将在夜间开始移向西北地区，给该地区带来降雨。

<><>美国城市< / >< colspan="2">昨日< / >< colspan="2">今日< / >< colspan="2">明日< / >< / ><><>奥尔巴尼< / ><>78 / 60< / ><>0.02< / ><>79 / 67< / ><>T< / ><>79 / 67< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>阿尔伯克基< / ><>93 / 67< / ><>0< / ><>92 / 67< / ><>T< / ><>90 / 67< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>安克雷奇< / ><>59 / 47< / ><>0.08< / ><>57 / 42< / ><>PC< / ><>59 / 43< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>亚特兰大< / ><>90 / 74< / ><>0< / ><>92 / 74< / ><>T< / ><>96 / 74< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>大西洋城< / ><>82 / 73< / ><>0.02< / ><>81 / 74< / ><>Sh< / ><>87 / 76< / ><>C< / >< / ><><>奥斯汀< / ><>99 / 75< / ><>0< / ><>98 / 74< / ><>S< / ><>100 / 76< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>巴尔的摩< / ><>89 / 71< / ><>0.03< / ><>90 / 72< / ><>S< / ><>98 / 74< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>巴吞鲁日< / ><>92 / 75< / ><>0.04< / ><>90 / 75< / ><>T< / ><>92 / 73< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>伯明翰< / ><>93 / 74< / ><>0< / ><>93 / 73< / ><>PC< / ><>96 / 74< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>博伊西< / ><>76 / 53< / ><>0< / ><>89 / 66< / ><>S< / ><>85 / 59< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>波士顿< / ><>86 / 66< / ><>0< / ><>75 / 66< / ><>S< / ><>72 / 64< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>布法罗< / ><>70 / 63< / ><>0.23< / ><>76 / 70< / ><>Sh< / ><>82 / 69< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>伯灵顿< / ><>71 / 56< / ><>0.06< / ><>78 / 60< / ><>PC< / ><>73 / 65< / ><>R< / >< / ><><>卡斯珀< / ><>81 / 52< / ><>0< / ><>85 / 59< / ><>T< / ><>82 / 58< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>夏洛特< / ><>90 / 70< / ><>0.04< / ><>94 / 73< / ><>PC< / ><>96 / 74< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>查塔努加< / ><>93 / 73< / ><>0< / ><>95 / 73< / ><>S< / ><>97 / 73< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>芝加哥< / ><>87 / 73< / ><>0.14< / ><>90 / 73< / ><>PC< / ><>91 / 75< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>辛辛那提< / ><>91 / 70< / ><>0< / ><>93 / 71< / ><>S< / ><>94 / 71< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>克利夫兰< / ><>78 / 68< / ><>0.19< / ><>85 / 73< / ><>PC< / ><>87 / 74< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>科罗拉多斯普林斯< / ><>89 / 61< / ><>0.04< / ><>81 / 58< / ><>T< / ><>84 / 60< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>哥伦布< / ><>88 / 70< / ><>< / ><>90 / 71< / ><>C< / ><>93 / 71< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>康科德（新罕布什尔州）< / ><>82 / 55< / ><>0.01< / ><>83 / 59< / ><>S< / ><>68 / 59< / ><>R< / >< / ><><>达拉斯-沃思堡< / ><>101 / 80< / ><>0< / ><>101 / 80< / ><>S< / ><>99 / 80< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>丹佛< / ><>89 / 62< / ><>0.05< / ><>85 / 60< / ><>T< / ><>84 / 61< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>德斯

德梅因< / td><>89 / 75< / ><>0.36< / ><>91 / 73< / ><>T< / ><>95 / 73< / ><>PC< / >< / tr> <>底特律< / ><>78 / 69< / ><>0.26< / ><>86 / 72< / ><>C< / ><>88 / 72< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>埃尔帕索< / ><>102 / 76< / ><>0< / ><>99 / 76< / ><>S< / ><>99 / 76< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>法戈< / ><>80 / 62< / ><>0.10< / ><>86 / 56< / ><>S< / ><>85 / 60< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>哈特福德< / ><>84 / 61< / ><>0.05< / ><>82 / 67< / ><>Sh< / ><>78 / 64< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>檀香山< / ><>89 / 77< / ><>0.07< / ><>89 / 76< / ><>Sh< / ><>89 / 77< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>休斯顿< / ><>98 / 76< / ><>0.04< / ><>96 / 78< / ><>PC< / ><>87 / 77< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>印第安纳波利斯< / ><>87 / 69< / ><>0.02< / ><>92 / 71< / ><>PC< / ><>95 / 73< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>杰克逊< / ><>95 / 72< / ><>0< / ><>95 / 74< / ><>PC< / ><>96 / 75< / ><>T< / >< / >

<><>杰克逊维尔< / ><>89 / 74< / ><>0.15< / ><>86 / 74< / ><>T< / ><>88 / 75< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>堪萨斯城< / ><>97 / 76< / ><>0< / ><>99 / 74< / ><>T< / ><>101 / 78< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>基韦斯特< / ><>89 / 83< / ><>0.42< / ><>90 / 83< / ><>R< / ><>90 / 82< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>拉斯维加斯< / ><>102 / 81< / ><>0< / ><>99 / 76< / ><>S< / ><>98 / 78< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>列克星敦< / ><>92 / 70< / ><>0< / ><>93 / 72< / ><>S< / ><>95 / 73< / ><>S*< / >< / table>

昨日东部时间下午 4 点止 16 小时内的最高 / 最低气温及降水量（单位：英寸）。今日及明日的预期天气状况。

<><>非洲< / ><>昨日< / >< / ><><>阿尔及尔< / ><>93 / 72 0< / >< / ><><>开罗< / ><>95 / 72 0< / >< / ><><>开普敦< / ><>63 / 49 0< / >< / ><><>达喀尔< / ><>88 / 81 0< / >< / ><><>约翰内斯堡< / ><>72 / 45 0< / >< / ><><>内罗比< / ><>80 / 50 0< / >< / ><><>突尼斯< / ><>100 / 80 0< / >< / table>

<><>小岩城< / ><>98 / 72 0< / >< / ><><>洛杉矶< / ><>89 / 70 0< / >< / ><><>路易维尔< / ><>95 / 73 0< / >< / ><><>孟菲斯< / ><>98 / 78 0< / >< / ><><>迈阿密< / ><>91 / 80 0.20< / >< / ><><>密尔沃基< / ><>86 / 73 0.04< / >< / ><><>明尼阿波利斯-圣保罗< / ><>87 / 73 0.04< / >< / ><><>纳什维尔< / ><>95 / 72 0< / >< / ><><>新奥尔良< / ><>87 / 78 0.06< / >< / ><><>诺福克< / ><>86 / 73 0< / >< / ><><>俄克拉荷马城< / ><>102 / 73 0< / >< / ><><>奥马哈< / ><>94 / 75 0.04< / >< / ><><>奥兰多< / ><>91 / 76 0.82< / >< / ><><>费城< / ><>86 / 72 0.08< / >< / ><><>凤凰城< / ><>104 / 79 0.15< / >< / ><><>匹兹堡< / ><>86 / 67 < / >< / ><><>波特兰（缅因州）< / ><>79 / 57 0.05< / >< / ><><>波特兰（俄勒冈州）< / ><>74 / 55 0< / >< / ><><>普罗维登斯< / ><>85 / 64

0.02< / >< / ><><>罗利< / ><>89 / 70 0.04< / >< / ><><>里诺< / ><>86 / 57 0< / >< / ><><>里士满< / ><>89 / 70 < / >< / ><><>罗切斯特< / ><>72 / 61 0.14< / >< / ><><>萨克拉门托< / ><>89 / 56 0< / >< / ><><>盐湖城< / ><>77 / 61 0.04< / >< / ><><>圣安东尼奥< / ><>99 / 79 0< / >< / ><><>圣迭戈< / ><>82 / 70 0< / >< / ><><>旧金山< / ><>69 / 58 0< / >< / ><><>圣何塞< / ><>78 / 57 0< / >< / ><><>圣胡安< / ><>88 / 78 0.93< / >< / ><><>西雅图< / ><>69 / 54 0< / >< / ><><>苏福尔斯< / ><>94 / 69 0< / >< / ><><>斯波坎< / ><>71 / 48 0< / >< / ><><>圣路易斯< / ><>95 / 72 0< / >< / ><><>圣托马斯< / ><>88 / 81 1.03< / >< / ><><>锡拉丘兹< / ><>75 / 62 0.09< / >< / ><><>坦帕< / ><>91 / 76 0.52< / >< / ><><>托莱多< / ><>81 / 68 0.23< / >< / ><><>图森< / ><>97 / 74

0.23< / >< / ><><>塔尔萨< / ><>103 / 79 0< / >< / ><><>弗吉尼亚海滩< / ><>84 / 72 0< / >< / ><><>华盛顿< / ><>90 / 75 0.02< / >< / ><><>威奇托< / ><>105 / 75 0< / >< / ><><>威尔明顿（特拉华州）< / ><>85 / 70 0.02< / >< / table>

98 / 76 S< / td><>96 / 76 S< / >< / tr><><>87 / 66 P< / ><>84 / 64 S< / >< / ><><>95 / 75 S< / ><>96 / 77 S< / >< / ><><>97 / 79 S< / ><>96 / 79 P< / >< / ><><>91 / 79 T< / ><>92 / 81 T< / >< / ><><>90 / 74 T< / ><>86 / 72 T< / >< / ><><>89 / 68 PC< / ><>87 / 70 PC< / >< / ><><>95 / 73 S< / ><>96 / 76 < / >< / ><><>86 / 78 T< / ><>89 / 77 T< / >< / ><><>92 / 75 S< / ><>94 / 76 < / >< / ><><>101 / 73 S< / ><>100 / 74 S< / >< / ><><>92 / 71 T< / ><>95 / 73 < / >< / ><><>89 / 76 T< / ><>88 / 76 T< / >< / ><><>84 / 73 < / ><>92 / 75 < / >< / ><><>95 / 80 T< / ><>103 / 85 T< / >< / ><><>85 / 72 < / ><>90 / 72 T< / >< / ><><>76 / 59 S< / ><>68 / 59 R< / >< / ><><>84 / 60 < / ><>75 / 59 < / >< / ><><>79 / 66 Sh< / ><>74 / 64 T< / >< / ><><>94 / 74 < / ><>97 / 75 < / >< / ><><>87 / 58 S< / ><>79 / 51 S< / >< / ><><>94 / 74 < / ><>96 / 74 S< / >< / ><><>74 / 68 T< / ><>81 / 68 T< / >< / ><><>81 / 57 S< / ><>76 / 55 < / >< / ><><>83 / 63 T< / ><>85 / 67 T< / >< / ><><>99 / 78 S< / ><>100 / 76 S< / >< / ><><>81 / 69 < / ><>80 / 68 S< / >< / ><><>70 / 60 < / ><>71 / 57 Sh< / >< / ><><>73 / 60 < / ><>74 / 59 < / >< / ><><>88 / 79 R< / ><>91 / 79 R< / >< / ><><>76 / 65 < / ><>94 / 57 < / >< / ><><>90 / 63 < / ><>87 / 66 T< / >< / ><><>80 / 66 < / ><>85 / 54 < / >< / ><><>99 / 76 < / ><>101 / 79 < / >< / ><><>88 / 82 R< / ><>91 / 81 Sh< / >< / ><><>77 / 68 T< / ><>81 / 68 T< / >< / ><><>91 / 77 T< / ><>90 / 79 T< / >< / ><><>88 / 72 < / ><>91 / 71 < / >< / ><><>89 / 71 T< / ><>94 / 72 T< / >< / ><><>102 / 78 S< / ><>102 / 78 S< / >< / ><><>88 / 75 S< / ><>91 / 77 < / >< / ><><>92 / 76 S< / ><>96 / 79 S< / >< / ><><>104 / 75 S< / ><>102 / 74 S< / >< / ><><>85 / 70 < / ><>92 / 73 < / >< / table>

<><>今天< / ><>明天< / >< / ><><>91 / 76 < / ><>91 / 75℃< / >< / ><><>93 / 76 < / ><>95 / 76 < / >< / ><><>64 / 46 S< / ><>67 / 50℃< / >< / ><><>90 / 82 T< / ><>90 / 81 < / >< / ><><>74 / 50 < / ><>78 / 51 < / >< / ><><>75 / 56℃< / ><>77 / 58 < / >< / ><><>98 / 78 < / ><>97 / 75 < / >< / table>

大都市历书

亚太地区< / td>< colspan="3">昨日< / >< colspan="3">今日< / >< ="3">明日< / >< / tr><><>巴格达< / ><>111 / 87< / ><>0< / ><>< / >< ="3">102 / 79 PC< / >< ="3">105 / 80 S< / >< / ><><>曼谷< / ><>93 / 79< / ><>0.22< / ><>< / >< ="3">88 / 80 Sh< / >< ="3">93 / 81 T< / >< / ><><>北京< / ><>92 / 62< / ><>0< / ><>< / >< ="3">87 / 63 S< / >< ="3">86 / 61 S< / >< / ><><>大马士革< / ><>86 / 70< / ><>0< / ><>< / >< ="3">93 / 67 S< / >< ="3">96 / 67 S< / >< / ><><>香港< / ><>88 / 81< / ><>0.98< / ><>< / >< ="3">87 / 79 Sh< / >< ="3">88 / 79 R< / >< / ><><>雅加达< / ><>92 / 77< / ><>0< / ><>< / >< ="3">93 / 77 T< / >< ="3">93 / 78 T< / >< / ><><>耶路撒冷< / ><>81 / 69< / ><>0< / ><>< / >< ="3">84 / 67 S< / >< ="3">87 / 69 S< / >< / ><><>卡拉奇< / ><>86 / 79< / ><>0< / ><>< / >< ="3">88 / 78 W< / >< ="3">88 / 78 PC< / >< / ><><>马尼拉< / ><>84 / 77< / ><>0.25< / ><>< / >< ="3">90 / 80 R< / >< ="3">91 / 80 R< / >< / ><><>孟买< / >< ="3">88 / 82 < / >< ="3">89 / 81 R< / >< ="3">87 / 80 R< / >< / table>

<><>昨日< / ><>0.00< / >< / ><><>纪录< / ><>1.87< / >< / ><>< ="2">过去 30 天< / >< / ><><>实际< / ><>8.49< / >< / ><><>正常< / ><>4.43< / >< / ><>< ="2">过去 365 天< / >< / ><><>实际< / ><>43.51< / >< / ><><>正常< / ><>49.52< / >< / table>

<><>气压< / ><>湿度< / >< / ><><>最高 ...... 30.23 凌晨 2 点< / ><>最高 ...... 67% 凌晨 2 点< / >< / ><><>最低 ...... 30.18 正午< / ><>最低 ...... 54% 凌晨 1 点< / >< / table>

冷却度日数

新德里< / td><>95 / 83< / ><>0.04< / ><>95 / 81 PC< / ><>92 / 78 R< / >< / tr><><>利雅得< / ><>115 / 83< / ><>0< / ><>113 / 87 S< / ><>111 / 84 S< / >< / ><><>首尔< / ><>84 / 73< / ><>0.02< / ><>75 / 72 Sh< / ><>82 / 73 Sh< / >< / ><><>上海< / ><>91 / 81< / ><>0.27< / ><>92 / 79 R< / ><>88 / 79 < / >< / ><><>新加坡< / ><>90 / 80< / ><>0.13< / ><>91 / 81 T< / ><>92 / 81 < / >< / ><><>悉尼< / ><>75 / 49< / ><>0< / ><>71 / 52 PC< / ><>81 / 62 S< / >< / ><><>台北市< / ><>92 / 79< / ><>0.34< / ><>93 / 80 T< / ><>88 / 78 < / >< / ><><>德黑兰< / ><>99 / 79< / ><>0< / ><>100 / 73 PC< / ><>96 / 70 PC< / >< / ><><>东京< / ><>77 / 70< / ><>0.13< / ><>86 / 76℃< / ><>89 / 77 PC< / >< / table>

<><>欧洲< / >< colspan="3">昨日< / >< colspan="3">今日< / >< colspan="3">明日< / >< / ><><>阿姆斯特丹< / ><>70 / < / ><>64< / ><>1.18< / ><>67 / < / ><>58< / ><>< / ><>69 / < / ><>57< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>雅典< / ><>91 / < / ><>73< / ><>0< / ><>92 / < / ><>75< / ><>S< / ><>94 / < / ><>77< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>柏林< / ><>81 / < / ><>64< / ><>0< / ><>79 / < / ><>58< / ><>T< / ><>73 / < / ><>54< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>布鲁塞尔< / ><>72 / < / ><>63< / ><>0.01< / ><>70 / < / ><>57< / ><>< / ><>70 / < / ><>55< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>布达佩斯< / ><>88 / < / ><>55< / ><>0< / ><>92 / < / ><>65< / ><>S< / ><>84 / < / ><>57< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>哥本哈根< / ><>66 / < / ><>61< / ><>0.47< / ><>66 / < / ><>56< / ><>< / ><>68 / < / ><>57< / ><>< / >< / ><><>都柏林< / ><>66 / < / ><>55< / ><>0.14< / ><>64 / < / ><>54< / ><>PC< / ><>68 / < / ><>58< / ><>< / >< / ><><>爱丁堡< / ><>63 / < / ><>55< / ><>0.54< / ><>67 / < / ><>53< / ><>PC< / ><>65 / < / ><>53< / ><>< / >< / ><><>法兰克福< / ><>81 / < / ><>66< / ><>0< / ><>73 / < / ><>55< / ><>< / ><>75 / < / ><>53< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>日内瓦< / ><>84 / < / ><>59< / ><>0< / ><>80 / < / ><>52< / ><>S< / ><>80 / < / ><>55< / ><>< / >< / ><><>赫尔辛基< / ><>68 / < / ><>59< / ><>0.14< / ><>67 / < / ><>55< / ><>< / ><>67 / < / ><>52< / ><>< / >< / ><><>伊斯坦布尔< / ><>82 / < / ><>68< / ><>0< / ><>85 / < / ><>70< / ><>S< / ><>86 / < / ><>70< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>基辅< / ><>81 / < / ><>64< / ><>0.20< / ><>83 / < / ><>64< / ><>T< / ><>82 / < / ><>57< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>里斯本< / ><>81 / < / ><>68< / ><>0< / ><>80 / < / ><>64< / ><>S< / ><>79 / < / ><>63< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>伦敦< / ><>73 / < / ><>61< / ><>0< / ><>72 / < / ><>53< / ><>PC< / ><>73 / < / ><>57< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>马德里< / ><>91 / < / ><>57< / ><>0< / ><>94 / < / ><>63< / ><>S< / ><>96 / < / ><>61< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>莫斯科< / ><>72 / < / ><>50< / ><>0.07< / ><>73 / < / ><>57< / ><>PC< / ><>77 / < / ><>60< / ><>C< / >< / ><><>尼斯< / ><>84 / < / ><>70< / ><>0< / ><>84 / < / ><>70< / ><>S< / ><>84 / < / ><>72< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>奥斯陆< / ><>66 / < / ><>57< / ><>0.14< / ><>70 / < / ><>54< / ><>C< / ><>68 / < / ><>53< / ><>< / >< / ><><>巴黎< / ><>77 / < / ><>61< / ><>0< / ><>75 / < / ><>57< / ><>R< / ><>74 / < / ><>55< / ><>PC< / >< / ><><>布拉格< / ><>79 / < / ><>61< / ><>0< / ><>77 / < / >

55< / td><>S< / ><>73 / < / ><>53< / ><>PC< / >< / tr> <>罗马< / ><>93 / < / ><>75< / ><>0< / ><>91 / < / ><>67< / ><>S< / ><>91 / < / ><>66< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>圣彼得堡< / ><>64 / < / ><>59< / ><>0.10< / ><>71 / < / ><>58< / ><>Sh< / ><>71 / < / ><>59< / ><>Sh< / >< / ><><>斯德哥尔摩< / ><>66 / < / ><>55< / ><>0.02< / ><>67 / < / ><>52< / ><>PC< / ><>68 / < / ><>53< / ><>< / >< / ><><>维也纳< / ><>88 / < / ><>59< / ><>0< / ><>83 / < / ><>62< / ><>Sh< / ><>81 / < / ><>58< / ><>R< / >< / ><><>华沙< / ><>79 / < / ><>52< / ><>0< / ><>78 / < / ><>59< / ><>Sh< / ><>70 / < / ><>56< / ><>T< / >< / table>

<>< colspan="2">燃料消耗指数，追踪当日平均气温高于 65 度的幅度< / >< / ><><>昨日< / ><>7< / >< / ><><>本月至今< / ><>332< / >< / ><><>本季至今（自1月1日起）< / ><>1092< / >< / ><><>本季至今正常值< / ><>1038< / >< / table>

<><>北美洲< / >< colspan="2">昨日< / >< ="2">今日< / >< ="2">明日< / >< / ><><>阿卡普尔科< / ><>88 / 78< / ><>0.05< / >< ="2">89 / 78 T< / >< ="2">91 / 79 < / >< / ><><>百慕大< / ><>88 / 82< / ><>0.04< / >< ="2">87 / 79 < / >< ="2">87 / 80 S< / >< / ><><>埃德蒙顿< / ><>59 / 50< / ><>0.01< / >< ="2">71 / 46 S< / >< ="2">79 / 49 < / >< / ><><>瓜达拉哈拉< / ><>74 / 62< / ><>0.14< / >< ="2">81 / 60 T< / >< ="2">81 / 61 T< / >< / ><><>哈瓦那< / ><>90 / 74< / ><>0< / >< ="2">93 / 73 R< / >< ="2">92 / 73 T< / >< / ><><>金斯敦< / ><>90 / 81< / ><>0< / >< ="2">94 / 81 T< / >< ="2">93 / 81 T< / >< / ><><>马提尼克< / ><>91 / 79< / ><>0.10< / >< ="2">91 / 78 T< / >< ="2">92 / 76 R< / >< / ><><>墨西哥城< / ><>70 / 55< / ><>0< / >< ="2">76 / 57 Sh< / >< ="2">74 / 58 R< / >< / ><><>蒙特雷< / ><>86 / 70< / ><>0< / >< ="2">94 / 71 < / >< ="2">95 / 71 < / >< / ><><>蒙特利尔< / ><>72 / 63< / ><>0.09< / >< ="2">75 / 59 S< / >< ="2">71 / 63 R< / >< / ><><>拿骚< / ><>88 / 77< / ><>0.05< / >< ="2">91 / 80 T< / >< ="2">90 / 82 T< / >< / ><><>巴拿马城< / ><>86 / 75< / ><>0.01< / >< ="2">86 / 76 R< / >< ="2">88 / 75 R< / >< / ><><>魁北克市< / ><>73 / 54< / ><>0.09< / >< ="2">72 / 51 S< / >< ="2">71 / 56 Sh< / >< / ><><>圣多明各< / ><>86 / 76< / ><>0.04< / >< ="2">89 / 76 R< / >< ="2">89 / 75 R< / >< / ><><>多伦多< / ><>70 / 66< / ><>0.14< / >< ="2">73 / 68 Sh< / >< ="2">84 / 70 T< / >< / ><><>温哥华< / ><>61 / 57< / ><>0.03< / >< ="2">70 / 56℃< / >< ="2">71 / 57 < / >< / ><><>温尼伯< / >< ="2">81 / 63 < / >< ="2">79 / 54 W< / >< ="2">77 / 57 S< / >< / table>

<><>南美洲< / ><>昨日< / ><>今日< / ><>明日< / >< / ><><>布宜诺斯艾利斯< / ><>61 / 55 0< / ><>64 / 51 S< / ><>62 / 53 < / >< / ><><>加拉加斯< / ><>90 / 78 0.04< / ><>92 / 78 R< / ><>92 / 77 R< / >< / ><><>利马< / ><>76 / 67 0< / ><>75 / 70 < / ><>77 / 68 < / >< / ><><>基多< / ><>64 / 50 0< / ><>68 / 44 R< / ><>70 / 46 < / >< / ><><>累西腓< / ><>82 / 79 0< / ><>85 / 79 S< / ><>86 / 79 S< / >< / ><><>里约热内卢< / ><>82 / 73 0< / ><>81 / 74 < / ><>80 / 68 R< / >< / ><><>圣地亚哥< / ><>64 / 43 0< / ><>69 / 43 < / ><>70 / 46 < / >< / table>

<><>本月日平均偏离正常值...... -0.4°< / ><>今年日平均偏离正常值...... -0.3°< / >< / table>

水库水位（纽约市供水）

昨日< / td><>89%< / >< / tr> <>预计正常值< / ><>85%< / >< / tr>< / table>

休闲预报

太阳、月亮与行星

下弦月< / td><>新月< / ><>上弦月< / ><>满月< / >< / tr><><>Sep. 4< / ><>Sep. 10< / ><>Sep. 18< / ><>Sep. 26< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">11:26 p.m.< / >< / table>

<>< rowspan="3">太阳< / ><>RISE< / ><>6:22 a.m.< / >< rowspan="3">月亮< / ><>S< / ><>10:03 a.m.< / >< / ><><>SET< / ><>7:30 p.m.< / ><>R< / ><>8:55 p.m.< / >< / ><><>NEXT R< / ><>6:23 a.m.< / ><>S< / ><>11:15 a.m.< / >< / ><>< rowspan="2">木星< / ><>R< / ><>4:16 a.m.< / >< rowspan="2">火星< / ><>R< / ><>1:43 a.m.< / >< / ><><>S< / ><>6:27 p.m.< / ><>S< / ><>4:45 p.m.< / >< / ><>< rowspan="2">土星< / ><>S< / ><>9:25 a.m.< / >< rowspan="2">金星< / ><>R< / ><>10:15 a.m.< / >< / ><><>R< / ><>8:59 p.m.< / ><>S< / ><>8:57 p.m.< / >< / table>

航海

范围从蒙托克角到新泽西州桑迪胡克，延伸至20海里，包括长岛海峡和纽约港。

风向为东北风，风速约为5节。纽约港和长岛海峡的波高在1英尺或以下，开阔海域约为2英尺。阵雨期间能见度受限。

高潮时间

<><>大西洋城< / ><>10:05 a.m.< / ><>10:24 p.m.< / >< / ><><>巴尼盖特入口< / ><>10:19 a.m.< / ><>10:40 p.m.< / >< / ><><>The Battery< / ><>10:43 a.m.< / ><>11:03 p.m.< / >< / ><><>海滩海文< / ><>11:42 a.m.< / ><>---< / >< / ><><>布里奇波特< / ><>1:43 a.m.< / ><>2:01 p.m.< / >< / ><><>城市岛< / ><>1:29 a.m.< / ><>1:46 p.m.< / >< / ><><>火岛灯塔< / ><>11:10 a.m.< / ><>11:30 p.m.< / >< / ><><>蒙托克角< / ><>11:51 a.m.< / ><>---< / >< / ><><>北港< / ><>1:47 a.m.< / ><>2:06 p.m.< / >< / ><><>波特华盛顿< / ><>1:38 a.m.< / ><>1:57 p.m.< / >< / ><><>桑迪胡克< / ><>10:24 a.m.< / ><>10:44 p.m.< / >< / ><><>希内考克入口< / ><>10:22 a.m.< / ><>10:40 p.m.< / >< / ><><>斯坦福< / ><>1:46 a.m.< / ><>2:04 p.m.< / >< / ><><>塔里敦< / ><>12:09 a.m.< / ><>12:32 p.m.< / >< / ><><>威利茨角< / ><>1:31 a.m.< / ><>1:47 p.m.< / >< / table>

<>< rowspan="3" colspan="2">趋势< / >< ="2">温度< / >< ="2">降水量< / >< / ><>< ="2">平均值< / >< ="2">平均值< / >< / ><><>低于< / ><>高于< / ><>低于< / ><>高于< / >< / ><>< rowspan="4">过去< / ><>10天< / ><>< / >< / ><><>30天< / ><>< / >< / ><><>90天< / ><>< / >< / ><><>365天< / ><>< / >< / table>

图表显示了近期温度和降水量趋势与过去30年的对比情况。

海滩与海洋温度

今天该地区大部分地区将保持干燥，天空局部有阳光，但从罗德岛到马里兰州将出现云层与阳光交替，并伴有零星阵雨。从康涅狄格州向南地区将较为潮湿。最高气温在70多度中段至80多度高段之间。

The New York Times

Today, humid, sunny, cloudy, rain in the afternoon, high 80. Tonight, cloudy, humid, a shower, low 70. Tomorrow, cloudy, a storm, high 84. Weather map appears on Page D8.

MONDAY, AUGUST 31, 2026

Prices in Canada may be higher

VOL.CLXXV .... No. 60,993

\$4.00

A U.S. Court Reliably Aids Trump's Aims

Justice Dept. Is Bringing Cases to Texas Judge

By ZACH MONTAGUE and MATTATHIAS SCHWARTZ © 2026 The New York Times Company

President Trump's Justice Department had a problem. Judge after judge was rejecting its demands that hospitals across the country turn over internal records of transgender care provided to children.

By the end of April, federal judges in Boston, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Los Angeles and Seattle had either quashed or substantially pared the administration's demands that hospitals send patient records to the federal government.

But the administration did not give up. Instead, in April, it went to the Northern District of Texas' Fort Worth courthouse, where nearly all cases go directly to the district's chief judge, Reed O'Connor, or a second judge, Mark T. Pittman, who was appointed by Mr. Trump.

There were no hospitals in Texas that offered the transgender care at issue — state lawmakers banned gender-affirming care for minors in Texas in 2023. But the Justice Department asked the Texas court to enforce a subpoena to the Rhode Island Hospital, arguing that its nationwide investigation of such medical care was “being carried out in the Northern District of Texas.”

That was enough for Judge O'Connor, an appointee of President George W. Bush who has built a reputation as a conservative stalwart and became the district's chief judge last August.

He granted the motion, clearing the way for the hospital to turn over a variety of personal data, including the names and Social Security numbers of minors who had received treatment.

"The subpoena's demands are reasonable," he wrote.

Most of the country's 94 district courts assign cases randomly across all of their judges.

Northern Texas, where Judge O'Connor sits, does things its own way. It assigns cases to judges based on the courthouse within the district where the lawsuit is initially filed. Some courthouses are staffed by just one or two judges, meaning litigants can easily engage in “judge shopping” — filing their case in a particular courthouse and knowing to a certainty or near-certainty which judge will decide it.

In four of Northern Texas' seven courthouses, one judge appointed by Mr. Trump hears all of the cases. In a fifth courthouse, all the cases go to Judge O'Connor. In a sixth — Fort Worth — 90 percent of the caseload is split between Judge O'Connor and Judge Pittman.

Of the district's nine active-status judges, eight were appointed by Republican presidents — six of them by Mr. Trump. There are other districts in the country

Continued on Page A13

ICE Widens Focus to Those With No Criminal Record A surge in immigration arrests includes spouses of U.S. citizens, those who had entered legally and were pursuing asylum, and others with temporary legal status. Page A12.

Note: The chart shows ICE arrests of people the agency recorded as having a past criminal conviction, criminal charges or neither. Violent crimes were determined based on categories from the National Crime Information Center.
July arrests were highest along the southern border

Note: The map shows arrests by state and territory, and by ICE field office in California, New York and Texas, where more detailed data is available.

Local partners are carrying out a growing share of ICE arrests

The number of people held in ICE detention ticked back up this summer

ALBERT SUN AND ALLISON McCANN/THE NEW YORK TIMES

In Spain, 10 P.M. Was Dinnertime. For Many, It's Now Bedtime.

By JONATHAN WOLFE

MADRID — For generations, dinnertime for the Terrazas family, as in many households in Spain, was late. It usually began after 10 p.m. and often stretched past midnight.

But now, Antonio Terrazas, a tax adviser in Madrid, says his family sits down to eat around 9 p.m. When they dine out, they're also eating earlier, and have noticed their friends are, too.

"At first it was strange. We'd look at each other like, ‘Madre mía, who would believe that we'd be seated at a restaurant and eating at 9 o'clock?” Mr. Terrazas said. “But not anymore.”

In Spain, known for its night-owl energy, a quiet revolution appears to be unfolding in one of its best-known cultural institutions: the late-night dinner.

Spaniards have long eaten later than people elsewhere in Europe, a tradition that many see as part of the national identity. By custom, families gather around their dinner tables late at night and restaurants remain filled long past the time when much of the industrialized world has turned in.

Spain held fast to the practice even as experts debated whether it was a drag on the economy, producing a work force that was more tired and less productive

Continued on Page A7

EMILIO PARRA DOIZTUA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Bucking tradition, reservations in Spain are often at 9 or (gasp) 8.

Deportees Flown to Africa Tell of Shackles and Agony

10 Detainees Say They Experienced or Saw Abusive Treatment by ICE Agents

This article is by Emmanuel Akinwotu, Pranav Baskar, Genevieve Glatsky and Hamed Aleaziz.

MARSHALL, Liberia — Leonardo Sánchez wailed in pain for hours on the deportation flight from Louisiana to West Africa, he and six other detainees said.

He'd been cuffed around his wrists and ankles. A chain around his waist dug into his grossly protruding abdomen — the result of years-old wounds and surgeries that doctors said left his intestines barely inside his body.

Mr. Sánchez, a 49-year-old Cuban, begged for medical attention from several of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents on the aircraft.

“I was in pain, crying like a little kid,” he said. But the agents wouldn’t remove his chains or let him use the toilet, he and other detainees said. He wet himself.

Like many of the more than two dozen deportees on the flight with him, Mr. Sánchez said he did not know where he was being taken. Several panicked when they suspected it was Liberia, after one saw it written on a paper held by an ICE official in Louisiana.

When some protested, they were beaten by agents, five of the deportees said. Some were slammed to the ground or struck with blows, several said. One showed cuts along his wrists and bruises around his neck, which he said he received after resisting getting on the plane. Another said some deportees were left screaming in pain.

The planeload of deportees, which arrived in Liberia this month, carried the first of 1,200 people expected to be sent to the West African country by the United States over the next year. The arrangement is one of the largest in a growing number of deals the Trump administration has made to send deportees — including people with court orders protecting them from being sent back to their home countries — to nations halfway across the world where they have no ties.

In recent weeks, the White House has pushed to expand these so-called third-country deportation efforts and increase the number of people expelled from the United States, according to a U.S. official. Last month, ICE arrests jumped to nearly 50,000, and the administration has focused on deporting people who have been able to remain in the country for years with court orders protecting them from being sent home, another official added.

The New York Times interviewed 10 of the deportees on the flight to Liberia, all of whom described a harrowing journey that included months in detention in the United States and a panicked 14-hour expulsion to Africa, in which agents wrestled and shackled frightened detainees.

Several spoke on the condition of anonymity for fear of reprisals. All of them said they experienced or witnessed what they described as abusive or violent treatment by

Continued on Page A8

How 47 States Cornered Meta On Teen Safety

By CECILIA KANG and ELI TAN

WASHINGTON — Six days before the start of a federal trial over online child safety, C.J. Mahoney, Meta's chief legal officer, traveled to Nashville on Aug. 6 to meet with lawyers for about a dozen states. He wanted to broker an enormous settlement, two people familiar with the conversation said.

Meta had already suffered losses in court this year over claims it created addictive products that harmed young users. Mark Zuckerberg had endured a full day of grilling on the witness stand during one of those trials. ("You're mischaracterizing this," he kept repeating.) He was likely to be questioned again at the federal trial in California, in which a coalition of states had sued Meta, arguing that the company had contributed to a national child mental health crisis.

Over bagels and coffee in an Art Deco office on Tennessee's Capitol grounds, Mr. Mahoney presented his terms, which Mr. Zuckerberg had personally approved, according to four people familiar with the negotiations. Meta would pay the states up to \$19 billion and make changes to its platforms to improve teen safety. Some of the payment would be withheld unless all states joined and other social media companies also settled.

For the state attorneys general in the room, the offer was intriguing. They had been negotiating with the Silicon Valley giant for months with little progress, the people said. On Tuesday, 47 states — two had dropped out of the lawsuit — along with the District of Columbia and several territories agreed to a settlement worth roughly \$17 billion.

"There's a saying here in Tennessee," Jonathan Skrmetti, the

Continued on Page A11

Germany Seeks To Curb Access Of Its Far Right

By CHRISTOPHER F. SCHUETZE and JIM TANKERSLEY

BERLIN — Government leaders across Germany are publicly and privately exploring ways to curb the power of the far-right Alternative for Germany party, or AfD, if it wins control of a state government in elections on Sept. 6.

The officials' efforts, detailed in interviews and in statements by top officials, include attempts to throttle the routine sharing of certain classified information with state-level intelligence services should the AfD win control of them. They also involve less onerous measures aimed at policy matters. The planning is driven partly out of fear that AfD officials could pass national secrets to Russia, to which the party maintains close ties.

The AfD is poised to win the most votes in Sept. 6 elections in the state of Saxony-Anhalt in Germany's east. If it secures enough seats to form a governing coalition by itself, it will become the first far-right party since World War II to hold power in Germany.

Governing a state would typically grant a party access to national secrets, including about intelligence and security.

Many officials seeking to curb the AfD's power see it as a threat to German democracy and national security, and say their plans are necessary to safeguard the country. Protection of democracy is a particularly sensitive issue in Germany, which after World War II designed its institutions to prevent extreme parties like the Nazis from ever returning to power.

The AfD's rival parties consider it extreme. No other major party in Germany will work with it to form a government at the state or national level, a collusion that is

Continued on Page A7

NATIONAL A9-13, 16

Threat to Sending Ballots If the Postal Service is allowed to carry out curbs on mail voting, the rule could affect battleground races. PAGE A16

World's 'Salad Bowl' Is Wilting

After the cyclosporiasis outbreak cut demand for lettuce, California growers are mulching their crops. PAGE A9

INTERNATIONAL A4-8

Democratic Socialists on Tour The success of progressive candidates in the United States is inspiring Latin American leftists struggling after a string of regional losses. PAGE A4

U.S. Attacks Iranian Island The strike, the first in a month, appeared to be limited rather than a resumption of large-scale bombing. PAGE A6

OBITUARIES B7-8

A Singer and a Scamp Jaye P. Morgan made a splash on the charts in the 1950s and became a bawdy game-show regular. She was 94. PAGE B8

BUSINESS B1-6

Building India's Dream City The chief minister of Andhra Pradesh State has envisioned a brand-new, world-class capital, and with 25,000 workers, he is constructing it. PAGE B1

The New Petroleum Partner President Trump's Venezuelan oil deal relies on an influential, divisive businessman whose family company is tied to the government. PAGE B1

An Elusive Threat to Livestock Traps in the Southwest to trace screw-worm flies, which can be deadly to cattle, are turning up empty. Is that good news, or bad? PAGE B1

ARTS C1-6

Love in a Cynical Age The British romantic comedy “Finding Emily” pokes fun at a range of stereotypical Gen Z behaviors. PAGE C1

Tackling Nonfictional Crime The novelist Michael Connelly says the Zodiac killer is also responsible for another famous unsolved case. PAGE C1

SPORTS D1-8

How Athletes View Activism Ten years after Colin Kaepernick's bold gesture, the former N.F.L. quarterback stands alone in his approach. PAGE D1

On Edge Before the U.S. Open Qualifying matches, which are free to fans, represent a quest for financial survival for the competitors. PAGE D2

OPINION A14-15

Lindsey Smith Taillie

PAGE A15

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Quote of the Day

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TODD HILL, a project engineering manager for a major automaker, on the appeal of microcars, with gas tanks that hold around five gallons. Page B2.

The Story Behind the Story

MARÍA JESÚS CONTRERAS

A Case for Unplugging, Temporarily

How do we balance our desire for modern conveniences with our nostalgia for our pre-internet past?

By MELISSA KIRSCH

The cursed island town in the horror-comedy series “Widow’s Bay” is so remote that there’s no Wi-Fi, and cell service is unreliable. This means residents are left to landlines and walkie-talkies to communicate. These limitations not only add to the feeling of creepy isolation, but they also dispense with the modern challenge of depicting smartphone usage onscreen. When Mayor Tom Loftis wants to talk to someone, he must call them using the multi-line phone in his office or the rotary model affixed to his kitchen wall.

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Nostalgia for outmoded technology is bittersweet: We can't imagine life without present-day conveniences, but things were so much simpler before! Our understanding of the world was slow to update. We said we'd meet at the restaurant at 6, and you couldn't switch the location at the last minute or change the time if you were running late. We settled on the route we'd take to drive from A to B, no GPS to change it with a few seconds' notice because of the traffic jam ahead. No moment-to-moment updates from friends, no impulse-Googling the name of that shampoo or tomorrow's weather, no asking Claude. Our brains contained a certain amount of knowledge, and we didn't add to it without time and effort.

For a recent article in The New York Times, Kera Bolonik wrote about the mix tape, that relic of another era, which “took time, thought, careful listening and a level of physical coordination beyond what goes into the making of a Spotify playlist.” Good mix-tape-makers were experts in manipulating the pause and record buttons on the hi-fi, engaging with the equipment to create a tangible artifact. Unlike a playlist, tapes were material, present in the landscape. It made sense that something so meaningful took up room in the world.

"You have to imagine a space where music was a rumor," the writer Jonathan Lethem told Kera. "You might hear something and not be able to know what it was, and no one can tell you, and it's driving you crazy."

In the Shazam-less past, you'd hear a song and have no way to instantly entrap it. You'd live with the memory of the song you heard, hoping to catch it again on the radio. I remember becoming enamored of a song I heard on the radio in France in 1995 and telling my boyfriend back home that I'd heard the best new David Bowie track. There was no new Bowie album that we knew about, but we asked the clerks in every record store about it all the same. It would be six months before it came out in the States, and we discovered it wasn't a Bowie song at all, but "A Girl Like You" by the Scottish musician Edwyn Collins. I put

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it on every mix tape I made that year.

There's a whole universe of pared-back gadgets for those who miss the simplicity of old tech: dumbphones, internet-connected typewriters, screen-free digital cameras. There are apps that take a long time to send texts. But there's something unsatisfying about using tech to address over-technification. Perhaps the answer lies in the technology that has persisted in its unimprovable simplicity: A pad and paper have never failed to save my journal entries or added formatting I didn't ask for. I treasure my wristwatch that I never have to charge, the digital alarm clock that shows me the time from across the room.

I no longer have the dual-cassette boom box on which I made countless mixes, but Maxell released a Bluetooth cassette player this year. I don't love the idea of buying something new in order to capture the magic of something old, but that something old might be worth pursuing. As Kera wrote: “More than just relics, mix tapes are portals to specific moments. Perhaps even more than old photos, they reanimate the past.”

Top Trending Headlines Online

'I Made a Mistake': El-Sayed Apologizes for Comment About Synagogue Attack Dr. Abdul El-Sayed, the Democratic Senate nominee in Michigan, apologized to a group of Jewish Democrats on Saturday for a statement he made in March about an attack on a synagogue near Detroit. He said he should not have used a phrase — “hurt people hurt people” — in a video statement he issued soon after a man drove his truck into the synagogue, Steve Friess and Tim Balk reported.

Milo Yiannopoulos, Right-Wing Agitator, Deported Home to U.K. The British provocateur and early supporter of President Trump who backed mass deportations was himself deported to Britain on Friday, according to a statement from the Department of Homeland Security. He had been arrested on Thursday by Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers at the New Orleans airport after overstaying his visa, Mack Liederman and Hamed Aleaziz reported.

Pilgrims to Flood-Stricken Nepal Sought the Divine at Sacred Mountain The trip to Mount Kailash, a sacred, snowcapped peak in the Himalayan region, is a once-in-a-lifetime trek that can take months of planning, a small fortune and untold physical fortitude. The goal for those who make the journey is to take a step toward spiritual awakening on God's doorstep, Lauren McGaughy, Georgia Gee and Sejal Govindarao wrote. Floodwaters ravaged the region, killing hundreds and leaving thousands unaccounted for.

Opinion | I Study Successful People. They Have One Habit in Common. Heroic tales of self-made Americans abound. But, “without exception, every high performer I’ve studied credits a host of supporters for success. Research has found that a willingness to ask for help is crucial to achievement,” Angela Duckworth, a psychologist and author, wrote in a guest essay.

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BUTCHER FINED \$50; CATS CAN'T KILL RATS

August 31, 1946. A butcher in Manhattan with a rodent problem was arraigned the previous day for violating the city's sanitary code, The Times reported. The butcher, B. W. Reiner, admitted in court that rats had invaded the basement storeroom of his shop at 1103 Lexington Avenue from a local subway stop. The rats were apparently so large that his feline companions were unable to kill the rodents. "I can get a pistol permit from the Police Department and shoot them," Mr. Reiner suggested in court as a means of eliminating the vermin. "When I was with the Navy in China, I fired at many a rat, and I can tell you they're pretty hard to hit," the judge replied. Mr. Reiner was ultimately fined \$50 and "told to get an exterminator," according to The Times.

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Facts of Interest

In the summer, the Salinas Valley in California grows 70 percent of U.S. lettuce. With Shoppers Leery of Lettuce, World's ‘Salad Bowl’ Is Wilting A9

Motown Records' first big hit, "Money (That's What I Want)," in 1959, reached No. 2 on the Hot R&B Sides chart and No. 23 on the Billboard Hot 100. Janie Bradford, 87, 'Original Motown Family' and Co-Writer of Label's First Hit B8

Right-wing candidates have won all seven of the presidential elections in Latin America since President Trump took office. At Latin American Event, Democratic Socialists Are Toast of the Party A4

More than 25,000 people are working on any given day to erect Amaravati as the new capital city for Andhra Pradesh, a state of 50 million people in India's south. Building India's City of the Future B1

At the U.S. Open, a loss in the first round of qualifying earns \$32,000, and elimination in the third round earns \$66,000. But a berth in the first round of the main draw earns \$140,000. In Qualifying, More Scenes of Joy and Despair Can Unfold Than in a Final D2

The home of the artist Robert Indiana, the Star of Hope, a 19th-century former Odd Fellows lodge on Vinalhaven, an island off Maine, is on the National Register of Historic Places. Robert Indiana's Star of Hope Home Is for Sale C3

Over 100 million people have made music with Suno, an artificial intelligence music generator, each producing an average of 42 songs per month, the company says. Music Industry Deals With Handling A.I. B3

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It was one of those perfect Queensland summer days. Marko was back in Australia for a few weeks only. We drove to one of his favorite Gold Coast beaches. We swam, we laughed, we strolled along the shore. Shaking off the sand, we walked to the surf club with views of palm trees and rolling waves. We drank local beer and savored fresh oysters and prawns. “Thank you,” I said as he paid the bill. “Sometimes you have to treat the woman who gave you life to a nice lunch,” he replied with a grin. — ALEKSANDRA ERAC-ZGANEC

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Here to Help

Vanessa Friedman Answers Your Style Questions

I started wearing bright red lipstick when I started working, and I have never stopped. It was part of my dress code and professional identity. Now I am wondering if it looks harsh and makes me seem outdated. How do you know when to say goodbye? — LEE, TIBURON, CALIF.

Red lipstick is, like the white T-shirt or the little black dress, a basic building block of identity — and has been since 3500 B.C.

That was when Queen Puabi of Mesopotamia applied a compound of white lead and crushed red rocks to her mouth, starting a vogue for red as a symbol of power — political, sexual or supernatural — that continues to this day.

Red lipstick “represents so many things people are eager to convey: power, assurance, authority, conviction,” Rachel Felder, the author of “Red Lipstick: An Ode to a Beauty Icon,” told me.

Little wonder Cleopatra was a fan, as was Queen Elizabeth I, the suffragist Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Marilyn Monroe and the Vogue editor Diana Vreeland.

So I am not surprised that red lipstick became your go-to cosmetic at work — and a sort of professional uniform.

Still, not all power reds are the same. That means that while there is no need to abandon your signature cosmetic entirely, especially if it has become a part of your personal brand, it may be time for a tweak.

“Sometimes even the staples that you’ve sworn by for ages have an expiration date,” Felder said.

That could simply be because doing the same thing day in and day out can start to feel rote rather than celebratory over time. And it's fun to experiment with something new.

Bobbi Brown, the founder of a signature cosmetic brand and Jones Road, said the first question you need to ask yourself

when you look in the mirror is, “How does it make me feel?” If the answer is “unapolo-getically me!” then don’t worry about it. But if it is “bored or unsure or stuck in a rut,” perhaps reassess. Change doesn’t have to be seismic.

“Before abandoning red altogether, it’s worth trying a shade that’s less intense than a classic crimson lipstick, like a more muted shade that leans toward burgundy, or a tinted lip balm that leaves a sheer wash of ruby or scarlet,” Felder said.

She likes MAC Macximal Sleek Satin lipstick in Dubonnet, a burgundy-skewed red; Ilia Balmy Tint Hydrating lip balm in Heartbeats; and Chanel Rouge Coco Baume Satin lip balm in In Love. And she suggests using “a single swoosh for a nice thin layer of color rather than layering it on.” To that end, she also recommends Dior’s Bagatelle lipstick, which has what the brand calls “a veil finish.”

Alternately, she said, simply adding a layer of clear lip balm or Vaseline under your usual lipstick creates a softening effect. Brown likewise proposed trying “a rose or sheer red stain” for a lighter result.

The point is to think about it this way: You aren't necessarily saying goodbye to an item that has become a part of you. You're just saying hello to some others.

Every week in the Ask Vanessa column, The Times's chief fashion critic, Vanessa Friedman, answers a reader's fashion-related question. Send your questions to openthread@nytimes.com.

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International

The New York Times

Darializa Avila Chevalier is a democratic socialist and candidate for the House in New York's 13th Congressional District.

Claire Valdez is a candidate for the House in New York's Seventh Congressional District and an ally of Mayor Zohran Mamdani.

"It's a conversation and listening," Adam Hamawy said about the event. He identifies as progressive but not democratic socialist.

At Latin American Event, Democratic Socialists Are Toast of the Party

PHOTOGRAPHS BY ANITA POUCHARD SERRA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Participants at the Panamerican Congress in Montevideo, Uruguay, during a break at the annual meeting of leftist political leaders from across the Americas.

‘We won because we built a campaign rooted in building a coalition.’ DARIALIZA AVILA CHEVALIER, about how Latin Americans might learn from democratic socialists’ steps to bolster a movement.

Success of Progressives In the United States Inspires Leftists Abroad

By JACK NICAS

MONTEVIDEO, Uruguay — Left-wing politicians from across the Western Hemisphere gathered in Uruguay recently to lick their wounds from a string of election losses and strategize on how to counter growing aggression from the Trump administration.

There were ex-presidents and expected presidential contenders, national lawmakers and campaign strategists, best-selling authors and protest leaders. But perhaps the toast of the August weekend — viewed by the group as the inspiration for a path forward — were the democratic socialists from the United States, fresh off their primary victories.

Those candidates — Darializa Avila Chevalier and Claire Valdez of New York, Chris Rabb of Pennsylvania and Dr. Adam Hamawy of New Jersey — were all special guests at the Panamerican Congress in Montevideo, an annual meeting of leftist political leaders from across the Americas. (Dr. Hamawy identifies as progressive but not democratic socialist.)

They received a standing ovation, were asked for selfies and were repeatedly cited by fellow attendees as examples on how the left can succeed in the current political moment.

Their victories “give us hope that if this can be fought from within, it can also be fought from the outside,” said Gabriel Boric, the former president of Chile, who was succeeded in March by a hard-right politician aligned with President Trump.

Mr. Boric, 40, a former protest leader, said the left had been failing to make the case to the working class that it was best positioned to help them, but the democratic socialists in the United States were showing they could.

"There is a tendency in our movement to constantly talk about the right and all the evils it represents, instead of convincing and giving hope to the people," he said in an interview. "Now that debate is happening in the United States."

The warm welcome for the primary winners was a sign of how, even on the international stage, many people frustrated by the march of the global right are pinning their hopes on the progressive wing of the Democratic Party despite its limited success.

It was the first official foreign trip for the progressive candidates since they won their primaries. (All are safe bets to win congressional seats, so campaigning has slowed.)

The trip signaled their interest in Latin America amid the Trump administration's pressure campaign in the region. Yet, in interviews, they declined to speak with much substance about Latin America, aside from calling for an end to the

U.S. trade embargo on Cuba. They all had focused almost exclusively on Gaza as a foreign policy issue in their campaigns, and they said the trip was educational for them. That also meant they appeared uneasy with the idea that other attendees were looking to them as teachers.

“I don’t think we’re really telling them anything; it’s a conversation and listening,” said Dr. Hamawy, a former U.S. Army veteran who served in Iraq. “They do see a little hope in at least the United States is not a monolith, and they see that there are partners in the U.S. who have a better view of the future.”

The left in Latin America will take any help it can get. Right-wing candidates have won all seven of the region's presidential elections since Mr. Trump took office, and those leaders and others have worked to align their governments with the Trump administration.

The U.S. government also captured the leftist autocrat Nicolás Maduro in Venezuela and has exerted control over the country while pressuring the Communist government in Cuba with an oil blockade that has led to widespread suffering for the nation.

The remaining leftist governments are in Brazil, Mexico, Uruguay and Nicaragua, which is run by an authoritarian government. Brazilians will vote in October whether to swing to the right, and Mexico has strengthened its ties with the Trump administration.

Ms. Avila Chevalier, who is expected to win the district that represents parts of Harlem and the Bronx, said that the region's leftists might be able to learn from democratic socialists' efforts to build a movement against the odds.

“We’re building an infrastructure for progressive movements almost from the ground up,” she said. “We won because we built a campaign rooted in building a coalition, building people power and making sure that we were actually responding to what people need.”

David Adler, an American activist who organized the meetings, said that Latin America had often inspired leftist movements in the United States, but the reverse was now happening.

"For the first time in my life, I feel like there's actually a lot that the United States — and recent experiences that we've had in this primary season in particular — can teach our friends here in the south," he said. He cited messages about affordability that were working with voters.

The U.S. delegation at the event was largely from the progressive wing of the Democratic Party. Also present were the foreign policy advisers of Senator Bernie Sanders and Mayor Zohran Mamdani of New York, as well as Representatives Jesus Garcia of Illinois and Pramila Jayapal of Washington.

Ms. Jayapal, who is on the House Foreign Affairs Committee, said that if Democrats were in control, they would seek to investigate the Trump administration's moves toward Cuba and Venezuela, as well as its airstrikes on boats it says are carrying drugs.

“I’ve been collecting a lot of ideas through this conference about different places where we would want to weigh in,” she said.

Gabriel Boric, the former president of Chile, was succeeded by a hard-right politician.

Pramila Jayapal said she had been “collecting a lot of ideas” through the Uruguay conference.

Tibet Missing: More Than 260 From Overseas

By LILY KUO and PEI-LIN WU

More than 260 foreign citizens from 23 countries are among the hundreds of people missing in Tibet after last week's devastating flood, the Chinese authorities said on Sunday, offering their most detailed accounting yet of those caught in the disaster on their side of the border.

The largest groups of missing foreigners were 104 Nepalis, 49 Indians, 33 Latvians, 18 Americans and 15 British citizens, according to Xinhua, China's state news agency. In total, 546 people remained missing.

The death toll in Tibet, a region of China, has reached 16 people, the agency said, citing a news conference by the regional government.

In Nepal, 734 people had been confirmed dead as of Sunday morning, and nearly 2,500 remained missing, according to the country's disaster relief authorities.

Tibet, which Beijing annexed in the 1950s and has been the site of protests and self-immolations by Tibetans calling for more autonomy, is one of the most tightly controlled parts of China. Since the flooding struck along the border between Nepal and Tibet on Wednesday, China has released few details about those affected on its side. Chinese social media platforms have censored much of the content not published by state news outlets, including photographs and videos of the disaster posted by bystanders and hikers.

The Chinese authorities often tightly control information after major disasters, seeking to manage public opinion and prevent discussion from turning into anger or criticism of the government.

Chinese officials on Sunday presented their most detailed

Chinese authorities provide a clearer post-flood picture.

timeline yet of how the disaster unfolded. Remote-sensing data and field analysis indicated that a glacier on Langtang Lirung, a peak in Nepal, broke off at an elevation of 17,000 feet at about 10 a.m. on Wednesday, according to Su Pengcheng, a professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment.

The ice fell about 4,000 feet, eroding the mountainside and forming what Dr. Su described as a “massive landslide.” The debris traveled at high speed for 13 miles before striking Gyirong Port, a border crossing between Nepal and China. Dr. Su said the disaster affected 172 acres and destroyed 27 buildings at the crossing.

Chinese rescue workers arrived at the leveled border crossing on Friday afternoon, more than 50 hours after the landslide struck. Destroyed roads, rainfall and the threat of further flooding have made the site difficult to reach.

The Chinese Embassy in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, said on Sunday that China had dispatched helicopters and rescued 94 Chinese nationals.

China's leader, Xi Jinping, pledged on Friday to help Nepal with rescue efforts. The Chinese Embassy said in a Facebook post that China had sent five tunnel experts to a damaged hydropower station in Nepal and would soon send four more.

Mujib Mashal contributed reporting.

This article is by Sajal Pradhan, Mujib Mashal and Atul Loke.

BHARATPUR, Nepal — Five days after an angry deluge tore through the mountain passes of Nepal, family members arriving after long journeys looked for something — anything — that could identify their loved ones amid the hundreds of mangled bodies.

In one hall in the downstream city of Bharatpur, men and women stared at a small television screen, watching a slide show of recovered remains in complete silence.

Next door, another government hall turned makeshift morgue housed the 270 sets of remains whose photos had been flashing on that screen. Nearly all remained unidentified.

Bharatpur, over 100 miles from where the floods first hit, had no capacity to preserve the corpses that washed up to its riverbanks, and could not keep them any longer. They were being transported to a forest for a mass burial before darkness took over the city.

At the burial spot, security forces in protective gear offloaded the bodies one by one onto stretchers, as cameras documented each step. Nearby, rows of metal numbered signs stuck into concrete-filled pots — the markers for each grave — awaited.

Only a fraction of the missing are turning up among the dead, underscoring a bleak reality: The death toll is likely to keep rising.

As of Sunday night local time, nearly 800 bodies had been found. More than 2,500 people were still missing, when the initial 72 hours after a disaster are usually seen as critical to a rescue operation.

The devastating flood swept through northern Nepal and Tibet on Wednesday after part of a glacier sheared off a mountain face, and its fall created such seismic force that officials initially believed it was an earthquake. The massive wall of water and mud it created swept up villagers, hydropower workers and hundreds of tourists and travelers from nearly three dozen countries on religious pilgrimages. Tens of thousands of people remain in need of relief, with entire towns wiped out, and roads, bridges and communication lines destroyed.

The bulk of the ongoing rescue

Binod Ghimire contributed reporting from Kathmandu.

Officers at a mass burial of unidentified victims in the Devghat forest area of Bharatpur, Nepal, on Sunday. The city had received over 270 sets of remains of flood victims.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY ATUL LOKE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

With Thousands Still Missing, Nepal Turns to Mass Burials

Clockwise from top left: A toy lay in the mud at Devghat; relatives of victims outside a makeshift morgue in Bharatpur; and security forces moving bodies to the mass burial site on Sunday.

effort has focused on the tunnels of several major hydropower projects in Rasuwa, which saw some of the earliest and fiercest damage in Nepal, and in Nuwakot, just downstream.

Through a night of rain, the army had tried to drill its way to tunnels buried under debris and mud. By Sunday afternoon, with support from Indian rescue teams, they had managed to find an opening to one tunnel, which they found brimming with water, according to Brig. Gen. Raja Ram Basnet, the army spokesman. A second tunnel has proved more difficult to locate an opening to, he said.

"The Nepali Army has been using thermal drones to search for signs of life," he said. "But there have been no indications of sur-

vivors so far."

The force of the deluge was such that nearly a dozen bodies were swept hundreds of miles away and found in India.

When the remains started washing up on the riverbanks of the Chitwan district, dozens of miles downstream from where the floods first hit, the officials were immediately overwhelmed.

Nepal is a deeply poor country, with limited infrastructure. The morgues in Chitwan have the capacity for storing just over three dozen bodies, Police Chief Rameshwor Poudel said.

With no good alternatives, district officials turned to the government hall in Bharatpur. Since it only had one air-conditioner, they tried to procure dry ice. They set up a help desk and a visitor hall.

And they photographed the remains, so the loved ones who were beginning to trickle in could identify their missing.

But the bodies had been in water for so long. The monsoon heat did not help. And the freezers the foreign minister had appealed for from his international counterparts were not materializing immediately.

Only about a dozen bodies were identified and handed over to their families for burial. More remains kept coming.

"We're still finding 15 to 20 new bodies every day," said Anil Thapa, a senior traffic cop helping at the makeshift morgue. "This will keep going on for months."

On Saturday, the district authorities announced that they would begin burying the remains after a thorough process of documentation that includes taking photographs, recording distinguishing marks or clothing articles found on the corpses, and collecting DNA samples.

In a lush forest glade, a 10-minute drive away, they buried 93 bodies late Saturday, and another 100 the next day.

During the closing hours of the mass burial on Sunday evening, Biresh Kumar Sah, 17, reached the town's makeshift morgue after an eight-hour bus ride.

He was studying in the Nepali capital when he first heard that the flood had hit his hometown, Siraha. His father, a math teacher, and his younger brother, who studied at the same school, were missing.

"The first day I tried to ignore it. I hid the information from everyone," he said. "I wanted to still have hope."

On the second day, he posted online that his father was missing.

“His colleague reached out and let me know he had seen my father and my brother being swept by the flood,” he said.

“I know they’re gone,” he added. “But I still have hope.”

His aunt, standing behind him, said the family would have to accept the emerging facts and prepare to hold final rites.

Biresh interjected, rolling his eyes.

“I don’t know these rites,” he said. “I feel wretched.”

Ramesh Dahal, 31, who had also looked at the photos on the screen, said he had reached Bharatpur after first checking all the hospitals in Kathmandu where the wounded had been taken.

He was looking for his 21-year-old nephew, Suman Dahal, a guide who had been leading a group of trekkers in Rasuwa.

Mr. Dahal said he had initially remained hopeful, after hearing reports that some people had fled to higher ground in the jungles as the floods descended.

Maybe they had felt the earthquake-like force of the falling glacier that had created the flood, and gone somewhere safe, he speculated. "Maybe they heard a siren from China," he said.

But with each passing day, he said, he was coming to accept the reality.

"Now I feel there's perhaps 0.1 percent chance to even to find his body," he said.

With Bridges and Roads Inaccessible, Rescue Workers Test Aid Delivery by Drone

By ANUPREETA DAS

BIDUR, Nepal — The deadly flood and landslide that struck Nepal last week snapped bridges and roads and yanked out utility poles, abruptly cutting off transportation and communication for thousands.

As the search for more than 2,500 people continues, there's also a rush to move food and other essentials to survivors on either side of the Bhotekoshi and Trishuli Rivers. There are about 10,000 households affected by the disaster, according to the United Nations.

One idea to deliver the aid: drones.

On Saturday afternoon, about a dozen private drone operators, army volunteers and police officers gathered on a patch of open ground in Devighat, an area in the central Nepali town of Bidur, to test whether the devices could be used to deliver critical supplies across the Trishuli River.

They were testing a drone that was roughly the size of a large dining table when its propellers were extended. It could carry up to 220 pounds.

Some of the testers were experienced commercial drone pilots who had dropped off packages high in the Himalayas. But the group trod cautiously, loading the drone with a payload of around 130 pounds before its first twirl in the sky.

The packages included rice, instant noodles, clothing and sanitary pads. Light rain slowed the work of attaching the goods to the drone with ropes and carabiners.

Drones of this size and capacity, which cost thousands of dollars, can climb thousands of feet, but the drone in the test flew much lower to the other side of the river. It did not land there but hovered as testers offloaded the goods. A round trip took about three minutes.

After its first successful trial, the testers congratulated one another. They ran the test a few more times, and their methods worked.

Volunteers, drone pilots and police officers readied supplies in Devighat, Nepal, on Saturday.
ATUL LOKE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Aiming to reach those near the Bhotekoshi and Trishuli Rivers.

They now plan to take their findings to the authorities, who can assess whether this type of drone delivery could accelerate humanitarian relief. Several other types and sizes of drones are already in use, including to deliver emergency rations to remote areas.

Speed is critical. The flood destroyed more than 35 bridges and damaged around 25 miles of roads, including sections of critical highways.

Nepal's finance minister, Swarnim Wagle, told Reuters that more than \$4 billion could be needed to rebuild the destroyed infrastructure. To restore some connectivity, Nepal has requested portable bridges from other countries to assist with its emergency operations.

War in the Middle East

Squeeze on Gasoline in Iran Has Its Leaders Fearing Unrest

VAHID SALEMI/ASSOCIATED PRESS

ELKE SCHOLIERS/GETTY IMAGES
Iran, despite its crude oil reserves, falls short in refining capacity and heavily subsidizes fuel. Clockwise from top: a gas station in Tehran last week; an oil storage facility in western Iran after it was hit by an Israeli strike in June; ships near the Strait of Hormuz.
ARASH KHAMOOSHI/POLARIS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

This article is by Shirin Hakim, Leily Nikounazar and Yeganeh Torbati.

Lines of cars waiting to fill up at Iran's gas stations, even in the middle of the night, have become a common sight in recent weeks, Iranians said in interviews, as war and a U.S. blockade have strained fuel supplies.

The Iranian government is struggling with how to respond and is wary of reducing expensive subsidies, a move that would raise fuel prices and that has prompted large-scale protests in the past.

Though Iran is rich in crude oil, its refining capacity has long been insufficient to meet the country's gasoline demand, officials and experts say. The shortfall — just over a tenth of the gasoline consumed per day, according to government figures — is usually made up by imports. Now those have been all but cut off by the continuing U.S. naval blockade of Iran's southern ports.

Domestic production of gasoline has also decreased since the U.S.-Israeli war, officials say, as strikes have damaged Iranian refineries and limited their capacity.

Iranians reached in several cities, including Tehran, Isfahan and Bandar Abbas, said they had seen long lines at gas stations in recent days.

“Even when you pass through the streets around midnight, like 2 or 3 in the morning, you will see that there is a huge line of cars standing and waiting in line,” said Reyhaneh, 30, an unemployed teacher in the city of Mashhad. Like others reached in Iran, she asked that her last name not be used for fear of retribution.

The prospect of increased fuel prices is compounding difficulties for Iranians, as the war enters its seventh month with no clear resolution in sight. Iranians are already facing 80 percent inflation over this time last year, the central bank has said, as well as widespread job losses caused, in part, by the war and a government-imposed internet shutdown.

The U.S. blockade has been aimed in part at pressuring Tehran to loosen its grip on the Strait of Hormuz, a vital shipping waterway in the Persian Gulf that Iranian forces effectively closed early in the war. The bottleneck has caused an increase in the price of fuel globally, including in the United States.

Last week, the U.S. government announced additional sanctions on Iran and Iran-linked entities, hoping the measures would force the Islamic republic to make concessions.

The situation has left the Iranian government with few options. In 2019, a sharp increase in gasoline prices set off mass protests that the authorities put down with violence.

Economic discontent also caused nationwide demonstrations early this year. Officials are keenly aware that raising gas prices now could set off a new round of protests.

Iran's Parliament speaker and lead negotiator with Washington, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, said this month that though gasoline consumption had to be reduced, raising prices was a mistake. Iran's “enemy” plans to exploit the issue to create unrest, he claimed, while not specifying what the government should do instead.

Amirhossein Khaleghi, an economist in Iran, said, “When the government lacks sufficient legitimacy and resources, and especially in the middle of a war, the question is how we can continue with the current situation when we no longer have the resources to sustain it.”

Iranian officials have acknowledged some of the scale of the crisis and the effects of U.S. pressure, but they have still sought to project defiance.

"We are facing war," President Masoud Pezeshkian said in an interview with Iranian state television on Friday. "The enemy has targeted our oil and gas resources, and our production has fallen. We are standing firm in the war, but we have to help increase the country's resilience."

Ayatollah Mojtaba Khamenei, Iran's supreme leader, issued a statement on Friday acknowledging “economic and livelihood challenges,” while warning officials not to publicize or highlight government weaknesses, so as to avoid benefiting Iran's enemies.

On Sunday, he released a longer statement warning that those enemies — implicitly, the United States — were seeking to turn “cultural, social, economic, political and geographic differences into pretexts for creating division” that could later be used to impose foreign domination on Iran. “This servant advises all members of the nation not to allow any discord to arise among themselves in any way whatsoever,” he said.

The gasoline issue is just one of several arenas in which the government has struggled to provide basic services and align supply with demand. Iran's electricity usage also exceeds what its infrastructure can deliver.

In his interview, Mr. Pezeshkian urged Iranians to reduce their consumption and said he leaves his office lights off and uses a fan instead of air-conditioning.

In Iran, the government has long provided cheap energy to help make life somewhat manageable even as prices for other goods skyrocket.

The government subsidizes gasoline at different tiers based on consumption, with some gas offered at less than one cent per liter at current exchange rates. There are quotas on how much can be bought at each price, and those quotas have been curtailed in recent weeks.

So far the government has appeared resistant to raising fuel prices. But while Mr. Pezeshkian has pledged that the price of gas at the cheapest tier of quotas will not increase, he said those consuming beyond a set amount could pay as much as double.

ARASH KHAMOOSHI/POLARIS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Even in large cities, public transit is inadequate, and people depend on cars and taxis to get around.

"If we raise the gasoline price recklessly, we will create problems for people," Mr. Pezeshkian said, while lamenting that the government had been subsidizing fuel so deeply.

The looming crisis, though exacerbated by recent events, is the culmination of many longstanding problems.

Because fuel prices in Iran are so much lower than in neighboring countries, some of the subsidized gasoline is smuggled abroad for profit, officials and experts have said. The government has appeared unwilling or unable to stop the trade.

And even in large cities, public transit is inadequate to meet people's needs, forcing them to rely on their own cars and taxis to get around.

Until that confluence of problems is addressed, said Reza Gheibi, an economic analyst in London, changes like restructuring the quotas “would, at best, change the way the shortage is distributed — not the shortage itself.”

The recent cuts to quotas for fuel have forced many Iranians to buy unsubsidized fuel, and they often must line up for hours as gas stations offer fewer of those pumps.

Soheil, an engineer in Isfahan, said that his city had relatively ample gasoline availability. And yet, he added, “even here, the queues at gas stations are getting longer and longer.”

U.S. Attacks Iranian Island In Hormuz

By ERIC SCHMITT

WASHINGTON — U.S. forces attacked two Iranian rocket launchers attempting to disperse sea mines into the Strait of Hormuz on Sunday, according to U.S. Central Command.

The attack was the first by the United States against Iran in a month and appeared to be limited rather than a resumption of large-scale American bombing. But Iran vowed it would retaliate, raising the risk of renewed military strikes by both sides.

Capt. Tim Hawkins, a spokesman for Central Command, said that Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps forces had been observed preparing to launch rockets armed with mines from Larak Island into the waters of the surrounding strait, a vital shipping waterway for oil and gas.

As of last week, U.S. forces had cleared the mines that Iran had planted in the strait, according to Adm. Brad Cooper, the head of Central Command.

The Revolutionary Guards said the attack “will be responded to with punishment on the aggressor,” according to Iran’s state broadcaster. The Iranian news agency Tasnim said that two people had been killed in the strike, a claim that could not be immediately confirmed. The Pentagon did not immediately respond to requests for comment

The Trump administration has urged commercial vessels to make the passage, with the U.S. Navy guiding them through the southern part of the strait in Omani waters.

U.S. military officials have said that Navy ships as well as Air Force jets and Army helicopters are monitoring the strait closely and are prepared to attack Iranian forces that threaten commercial ships transiting the waterway.

Passing through the strait remains perilous. Two seafarers have been killed in the last two weeks, and another is missing. In total, there have been at least 71 attacks on ships since the start of the war, and 19 sailors have been killed.

In June, Iran and the United States signed a deal to reopen the

Targeting launchers, officials say, in the first strike in a month.

strait, and for three days more than 60 ships passed through daily. But the agreement fell apart, and U.S. forces reimposed a blockade on Iranian ports. Iran has sought to assert its control by creating a new system in which it charges ships for passage through the strait, which was previously free.

The turmoil has forced many shipping companies to bypass the strait. Saudi Arabia, the region's biggest oil producer, has shifted to export more crude via the Red Sea.

The strike on Sunday was the first the Pentagon has acknowledged against Iran since Central Command stuck dozens of targets inside Iran on July 29, including command centers, missile and drone facilities and coastal surveillance sites.

Larger-scale bombings by both countries have transitioned into a pause of military operations, and the Trump administration has focused instead on a series of new economic sanctions against the government in Tehran.

Jenny Gross contributed reporting.

Israeli Settlers Menace Palestinians in West Bank; Netanyahu Offers Rare Rebuke

By AARON BOXERMAN and PRANAV BASKAR

Dozens of Israeli settlers burst into a Palestinian man's house in the occupied West Bank over the weekend, trapping and attacking people inside, the Israeli military and Palestinian witnesses said. It was the latest in a series of assaults by Israeli extremists that have drawn international condemnation.

The attack took place near the Palestinian town of Qusra in the northern West Bank, where groups of Israeli settlers recently besieged the homes of several other Palestinians, including an American citizen. Violence has snowballed in the Israeli-occupied territory over the past several months, with Palestinians saying the Israeli authorities frequently look the other way.

But the intensity of Saturday's assault drew a rare condemnation from Benjamin Netanyahu, the Israeli prime minister, who has largely played down the attacks as the actions of a small minority.

The Israeli military said soldiers were sent to both Qusra and nearby Jalud after reports of violent clashes and Israeli rioters hurling stones toward Palestinians. Dozens of rioters had “barricaded themselves” inside a Palestinian house, the military said, leading Israeli forces to remove the attackers and confiscate their vehicles. It was not clear whether any Israelis were arrested.

The house's owner, Luay Beyrouti, 29, said that around noon on Saturday, a handful of settlers had approached the structure, throwing stones. Mr. Beyrouti's family does not live in the house at the moment; he had gone there along with several other Palestinians to renovate it.

Later, dozens more settlers arrived in cars, surrounding the house before breaking in and trapping him and the other Palestinians who had been working there, he said.

A separate attack unfolded about four miles away in the Palestinian town of Jalud. A group of masked Israeli settlers attacked and injured reporters with NBC News who were interviewing a Palestinian woman driven out of her home, the outlet said. Settlers in a car approached the group as they were walking down a hill, hitting them with sticks and throwing rocks, according to NBC, which said three of its staff and the woman were hurt.

Members of Israel's right-wing, pro-settler government have frequently argued that concerns about settler violence are overblown, and officials have sometimes signaled their support for Israelis accused of attacks.

But on Saturday, Mr. Netanyahu said the attackers were not only “breaking the law” but also harming Israel’s reputation abroad, causing “immense harm to the law-abiding settler community” and damaging “Israel’s standing in the world.”

“I expect law enforcement authorities to arrest the rioters and bring them to justice as soon as possible,” Mr. Netanyahu said.

Isaac Herzog, Israel's president, a largely ceremonial post, said the events were “reprehensible” and “cast a stain on Israel's image.” He called on Israeli law enforcement “to root out this unacceptable phenomenon and bring the perpetrators to justice.”

Attacks by Israeli settlers against Palestinians have risen sharply in the West Bank since the war in Gaza began three years ago. Israeli rights groups argue that few are prosecuted for the assaults, and that extremists have largely acted with impunity. Yesh Din, a rights monitor, said just 3 percent of investigations tracked by the group between 2005 and 2025 led to full or partial convictions.

This month, two other families in Qusra were trapped by Israeli settlers for days in their homes, despite Israeli military promises to remove the rioters. Mike Huckabee, the U.S. ambassador to Israel, condemned the attackers as “Israeli terrorists” and said he had asked the Israeli military and police to act.

When Mr. Beyrouti's house was attacked on Saturday, he and other local Palestinians who were there said they repeatedly called the Israeli authorities, hoping for help.

When soldiers arrived, they fired tear gas, he said, forcing them to flee to the roof to try to avoid choking. The Israeli attackers ultimately retreated, but at least some remained in the area, said Mr. Beyrouti, who was wounded in his arm during the clashes.

An Israeli police spokesman did not respond to questions about whether any of the Israeli assailants had been arrested. But Mr. Beyrouti said that the soldiers instead briefly detained him and the other Palestinians with him.

“I said this was my house, and they didn’t listen,” Mr. Beyrouti said. “They told me I was forbidden to be there. I told them that the settlers attacked us. They told me to shut up.”

In a statement, the Israeli military confirmed handcuffing several Palestinians who it said had thrown stones during the episode, including at Israeli soldiers. The military said it had used “proportionate force” against one who resisted. The statement did not say whether the soldiers detained any of the Israeli attackers.

On Saturday evening, Mr. Beyrouti returned to the site with his brother Yazan Beyrouti to give testimony to Israeli police investigators who arrived on the scene, the two men said. Both said they believed that the attackers were unlikely to be prosecuted.

"At the end of the day, the judge and perpetrator belong to the same side," said Yazan Beyrouti, 24. "And the army, when it comes, doesn't protect us."

Germany Tries to Rein In Far Right Closing In on State Win

From Page A1

known in Germany as “the firewall” and that the AfD has long assailed.

Boris Pistorius, Germany's defense minister, told the tabloid news outlet Bild this summer that he would not pass classified information to an AfD government. He cited the AfD's closeness to President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia, whom party leaders have praised.

“Their affinity for Putin is impossible to overlook,” Mr. Pistorius said. “To seriously believe that we should carelessly let this information fall into the wrong hands, I think it’s obvious that must not happen.”

In the eyes of the AfD and its supporters, those efforts are an attempt to trample the will of voters and thwart its policy agenda, which includes deporting migrants and banning gay Pride flags in schools.

“It’s not democratic, not political and not proper — it’s just kind of dirty,” Ulrich Siegmund, the AfD’s candidate for governor in Saxony-Anhalt, said in an interview on the Austrian populist channel ServusTV.

AfD officials in Saxony-Anhalt did not respond to repeated emailed requests for comment on the efforts to curb the party's power should it win.

In many cases, the planning to try to curb the AfD is happening secretly, in fear that discussions will be leaked to the press and feed the party's narrative that the German federal government is obstructing voters' will.

Interior ministers in other states have circulated ideas for restricting the power of an AfD government should it take shape, including by denying its officials access to certain information with security implications, according to Georg Maier, the interior minister of the state of Thuringia in central Germany.

“I believe it’s a real problem, and that it’s a threat to national security if it happens,” he said in an interview.

Mr. Maier, a sharp critic of the AfD, declined to publicly detail the steps interior ministers were contemplating.

Federal intelligence services have labeled the AfD as suspected of being right-wing extremist. It also maintains connections to Russia, an increasingly hostile adversary. Elected officials from the AfD have set off a political furor by seeking to reveal national security secrets, some of which relate to Germany's support for Ukraine, that could benefit Russian military planning. German officials have accused Russia of sabotage, cyberattacks and other efforts to undermine German social cohesion.

The AfD is leading the polls in two states, Saxony-Anhalt and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, that will vote next month. Both lie in the former East Germany, an AfD stronghold, where party leaders have harnessed social media and local organizing to appeal to voters frustrated by economic stagnation, immigration and cultural change.

The AfD appears close to an

Ulrich Siegmund, AfD's candidate for governor in Saxony-Anhalt, west of Berlin.

outright majority of seats in Saxony-Anhalt. That would allow it to form a government without the help of any other party, bypassing the firewall. Federal intelligence classifies the AfD in Saxony-Anhalt as confirmed extremist. Its potential ascent has some officials contemplating extreme steps under German law.

The country's Constitution was written by survivors of the Nazi era after the war. To prevent extremist forces from taking power again, it allows the federal government to take over state police forces if the country's "free democratic order" is in danger.

Sven Hüber, a high-ranking police union official with no public party affiliation, compared a possible AfD takeover in Saxony-Anhalt to the ascent of the Nazi party in the 1930s. In a letter in a police union newsletter, he reassured officers that the union would help members who refused to carry out illegal orders from “undemocratic” ministers.

AfD allies struck back. Mr. Hüber was forced to resign from the union this week after a far-right news platform published a report accusing him of acts of violence during his time as an East German border guard in the 1980s. In a statement, Mr. Hüber called the accusations “defamatory and slanderous” and said he had taken legal action in response.

Government officials elsewhere are publicly contemplating less drastic measures to respond to an AfD win.

A group of ministers from other German states is considering a change that would stop a potential AfD state government from blocking some educational funding. The money requires unanimous approval by representatives from each state.

Saxony-Anhalt's governing coalition also passed a law this spring meant to stop any one party from vetoing judicial appointments or blocking the appointment of a governor it does

not like.

The law allows parties that do not finish first in an election to band together to nominate a head of the legislature. Previously, only the first-place party could nominate a candidate for the state legislature to approve. The change could allow mainstream parties this fall to elect their own choice to run the state if the AfD wins but fails to secure a majority.

State leaders in Saxony-Anhalt, including the center-right governor, Sven Schulze, took pains to say it was not targeting a single party. In an interview, Mr. Schulze said the democratic way to stop the AfD was at the ballot box.

Changing a range of rules to single out the AfD and block it from power “would be a capitulation, and I won’t go along with that,” he said.

Recently, Mr. Schulze adopted another tactic in a bid to win elections: He embraced parts of the AfD's message.

Mr. Schulze echoed a longtime AfD call to remove terrorism suspects from Germany even if they are citizens, after a German-born man killed a woman and injured 29 people near a Berlin Pride event last month. The attacker had unsuccessfully tried to join the Islamic State terrorist group.

“We simply can’t allow people to live here who don’t accept our culture,” Mr. Schulze said.

In Spain, 10 P.M. Has Been Dinnertime. For Many, It's Now Bedtime.

One possible factor in Spain's shift was the coronavirus pandemic, which ruptured the routines of both customers and restaurants.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY EMILIO PARRA DOIZTUA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

From Page A1

than it could be.

But evidence suggests that Spain is moving dinnertime up.

CoverManager, an online platform that manages reservations for thousands of Spanish restaurants, reports that half the dinner bookings now are for before 9 p.m., compared with 27 percent a decade ago. TheFork, a similar platform, said its 8 p.m. bookings in Spain had nearly tripled from 2019, while 10 p.m. reservations had halved.

In Spanish homes, too, there are subtle signs of a shift. A government survey conducted in 2024 in the Catalonia region suggests that people there are starting their evening routines, including dinnertime, moderately earlier compared with 2010. National data are not yet available, so experts said it was too early to draw broader conclusions.

While the reasons for the change are not entirely clear, Marta Junqué Surià, the director of Time Use Initiative, a nonprofit based in Barcelona that advocates policies around sleep and wellness, pointed to the pandemic, which ruptured old routines, and suggested more people were seeking the health benefits associated with earlier mealtimes.

“We are heading toward more biological rhythms that allow us to eat better and, above all, get better rest,” Ms. Junqué said.

Mr. Terrazas, 58, a father of two, said that he and his wife simply wanted better sleep. "It's been a positive change," he said.

'Late Dinner Is Dying'

The New York Times asked CoverManager, which handles online bookings for about 16,000 Spanish restaurants, to analyze the roughly 330 million reservations it had recorded in the country over the past decade.

The data show a clear pattern, said Thomas Jeanjean, chief executive of Hospitality Tech Group, which owns CoverManager: “The late dinner is dying.”

The typical dinner out in Spain today begins an hour earlier than before the pandemic, according to the data.

Later reservations are increasingly rare: 10 p.m. seatings made up 15 percent of dinner bookings last year, down from 30 percent in 2016. Tables for 11 p.m. accounted for 1.9 percent, compared with 5.7 percent in 2016.

“Dinnertimes have moved earlier,” Mr. Jeanjean said, “and the curve is still bending.”

The late dinner hasn't disappeared: People typically eat an hour later on weekends and about 20 minutes later in the summer than in the winter, the data indicates, and 9 p.m. remains the most popular reservation time.

Carlos Barragán contributed reporting from Madrid.

'I've found that when I suggest meeting early — say, at 8 or 8:30 — people never say no.' SOL FAUQUIER, above.

TheFork, which works with more than 12,000 restaurants in Spain, said that surging foreign tourism was one factor in the shift, though it noted that about 70 percent of its reservations come from Spanish phone numbers.

CoverManager said tourists weren't driving the change, noting that users with Spanish numbers, who accounted for around 90 percent of its reservations, were booking tables for around an hour earlier than a decade ago.

Spanish society is transforming, having added more than a million foreign-born workers since 2018, many from Latin America. But in a country of 50 million people, the turn toward earlier dining is “a homegrown change of habit,” Mr. Jeanjean concluded.

A Pandemic Pivot

Dining late is a relatively modern Spanish custom. During World War II, the dictator General Francisco Franco pushed clocks on the Spanish mainland forward an hour. Spain never reverted, meaning its official time runs ahead of its geographic position.

Late dining was also reinforced by the poverty of the postwar years, Ms. Junqué said, when many people worked two jobs, eating dinner only after their second shift. The Spanish workday, often punctuated by a long afternoon break, ends later than elsewhere in Europe.

The coronavirus pandemic, which prompted a nationwide 11 p.m. curfew in October 2020, encouraged people to dine out earlier and contributed to a revival of tardeo, the custom of eating, drinking and socializing in the late afternoon, according to bookings by CoverManager. Sometimes, experts say, Spaniards now replace dinner with tardeo.

After pandemic restrictions eased, many restaurants kept the earlier schedules to save on labor and operating costs, said José Luis Álvarez Almeida, the president of Hostelería de España, a business confederation representing the hospitality sector.

'Not the Spanish Spirit'

In conversations this summer, many Spaniards said they were eating earlier than in years past. All seemed to have their own reasons — age, young children, a desire for better health or more energy in the morning.

Nacho Calvo Vila, 53, a restaurant owner in Barcelona, said he made the change around five years ago to improve digestion and get better sleep. Now he goes to bed around 10, his old dinner-time. Better rest has helped him make healthier decisions around his diet, temper his anxiety and regulate his emotions, he said.

“Sleep is fundamental,” he said. “I think it’s one of the biggest areas where mind-sets are changing, especially here in Spain.”

Out for drinks with colleagues in Madrid, Sol Fauquier, 46, said she now preferred to dine at 8 p.m. and suspects others want to eat earlier, too, but social pressure discourages people from being the first to suggest it.

“I don’t really face any resistance — quite the opposite,” she said. “I’ve found that when I suggest meeting early — say, at 8 or 8:30 — people never say no.”

Her colleague Isabel Cano, 23, interjected that dining so early was “unthinkable” and “not the Spanish spirit.”

If someone invited her to dinner at 6:30, Ms. Cano said she'd tell them to wait. "Like, just have a muffin."

A Happier Country?

Experts argue that Spain could reap a host of benefits if people ate and went to bed earlier.

It would be “a more productive, healthier and happier country,” Ms. Junqué said. She cited studies showing that, in countries where people sleep more, “productivity increases and the mental health of the population is better.”

In 2013, a parliamentary commission found that Spaniards were getting about an hour less sleep than the European average, and linked worker fatigue to lower productivity and absences on the job.

But official measures to encourage earlier dinnertimes appear likely to face resistance. When Spain's left-leaning labor minister, Yolanda Díaz, suggested in 2024 that a late-night culture that pushed restaurants to remain open past midnight was “madness,” Madrid's conservative regional president, Isabel Díaz Ayuso, retorted that the national government preferred Spaniards to be “bored and at home.”

Ms. Junqué argued that even if late dining fades, what it means for Spaniards to sit at the table with family and friends would not.

“We love being around people and socializing,” she said. “Our Spanish culture is going to remain exactly what it is.”

Hunt Is Underway After Shooting at Swiss Rave Kills One and Wounds 5

By CHRISTOPHER F. SCHUETZE

BERLIN — The Swiss police were looking for one or more people who killed one woman and wounded five others at a rave in Switzerland on Sunday.

The shooting happened just after a dance party at a horseracing track in Aarau, in the country's north. A number of shots were fired, the police said, but on Sunday afternoon it was still unclear how many perpetrators were involved.

Also unknown is the motive behind the shooting, Col. Michael

Leupold of the cantonal police said on Sunday night. The police do not yet know whether it was an act of terrorism, some kind of targeted criminal act, or another type of mass attack, he said.

“We are pursuing these three possibilities intensively; all three are equally likely based on the current state of investigation,” Colonel Leupold said.

He said that officers were searching the entire country, but that the risk for people in the area was believed to be no higher in the canton of Aarau than elsewhere in the country, since they believe the perpetrator or perpetrators have fled.

The shooting happened early Sunday as the rave, which had as many as 3,000 visitors, was winding down, the police said. The music had already ended, but more than 100 revelers were still at the site.

A 22-year-old Italian woman living in Switzerland died at the scene, and four men and a woman, aged 24 to 27, were wounded, according to the police. The police had earlier said all the victims

were Swiss.

Officers found bullet casings corresponding to two different calibers of weapons, the police said during a news conference on Sunday night. One type of casing was probably from a handgun or small machine gun, while the other corresponded to an automatic rifle.

The police said that some witnesses claimed to have seen two shooters, but they considered that information unverified.

The army dispatched a special forces unit to the scene and a helicopter to help in the manhunt.

Switzerland, which has a universal army draft, allows most men who have undergone basic training to keep their army weapons at home to help in domestic defense. However, most are not allowed to keep ammunition there.

On Sunday morning, the organizers of the rave released a statement on Instagram.

"The cowardly attack on the guests at the Aarau rave has broken our hearts," they wrote. "A rave should always be a place of joy and love."

Icelanders Vote ‘No’ On Restart Of E.U. Talks

By AMELIA NIERENBERG and EGILL BJARNASON

REYKJAVIK, Iceland — Icelanders voted against resuming negotiations on joining the European Union, officials said Sunday, after an unusually divisive debate ripped through the Nordic nation of 400,000.

The “no” side received 52.8 percent of the vote in a national referendum held on the issue, according to results announced on Sunday by the national election authorities. They said 82.6 percent of eligible voters cast ballots in the referendum on Saturday.

RUV, the national broadcaster, said it had been the highest voter turnout in any Icelandic election since 2009.

The decision was a setback for the 27-member European Union, which has been pitching itself as a progressive and pragmatic alliance in an uncertain world. With Iceland, the bloc would have expanded its presence in the Arctic with a wealthy nation.

“Iceland remains one of the E.U.'s closest and most trusted partners,” a spokesperson for António Costa, the president of the European Council, said in a statement, adding that the bloc respected the result.

Even politicians who had pushed to reopen E.U. talks celebrated the referendum as a sign of Iceland's healthy democracy.

"The fact that we got people to the table on a matter like this is extremely important," Prime Minister Kristrun Frostadottir said on Sunday, speaking to reporters in Reykjavik, the capital. She favored resuming the talks.

Complex issues were at play in the referendum.

In interviews before Saturday, voters said their main concern was how to keep Iceland prosperous, stable and safe in an increasingly unsettled world. Many people who said they planned to vote “no” said they were worried that joining the bloc could threaten the country’s control of its valuable fishing industry, as well as its sovereignty on other issues.

“Iceland fought for independence,” said Andrea Gunnarsdottir, 36, a food blogger in Reykjavik. “And we should keep it.”

Some people who planned to vote “yes” said they were worried about Iceland’s economy in general and wanted to see what the negotiations would bring. Inflation is high. So are interest rates. Some said joining one of the world’s largest economies — and potentially adopting its currency, the euro — could be a savvy move for long-term stability.

Eirikur Bergmann, a politics professor at Bifrost University, said the “yes” side had made a measured, tactical argument about seeing what could come of the talks without articulating a vision for why Iceland might want to join the European Union

“What was the higher goal?” he said. “That was never explained.”

The “no” side, though, he said, was much better able to leverage the country’s national identity, because fishing has long had such an important place in the country’s self-image.

“Fisheries became a symbol of Iceland’s sovereignty,” Professor Bergmann said.

The results showed a sharp geographic divide. Voters in and around Reykjavik favored restarting talks. In the rural rest of the country, most Icelanders voted against it.

Other potential “yes” voters saw the bloc as a stabilizing protector as they face a changing geopolitical reality in the Arctic, where superpowers are vying for dominance.

Icelanders were rattled this year by President Trump's threats against Greenland, the country's closest neighbor. He even confused Iceland with Greenland in a major speech.

Icelanders also seethed at reports that Billy Long, the pick to be the new American ambassador to Iceland, had joked that the country could become the 52nd state. Mr. Long quickly apologized.

Although few Icelanders had said in interviews before the referendum that they thought Mr. Trump would ever threaten them, his erratic moves led some to worry about the strength of NATO. Iceland belongs to NATO but is the only member without its own military.

Margret Einarsdottir, a law professor at Reykjavik University, said security concerns had been her main reason for voting “yes” to talks, but not for many of her countrymen.

That, she said, was frustrating, and surprising. “We are just in denial,” she said. “We just don’t think anything bad could ever happen in Iceland because it never has.”

Amelia Nierenberg reported from Reykjavik, and Egill Bjarnason from Husavik, Iceland. Jeanna Smialek contributed reporting from Brussels.

Rebels in Niger Briefly Seize Control of Airport

By SAIKOU JAMMEH

DAKAR, Senegal — Explosions at the capital's airport, gunfire near the presidential palace and other clashes threw the West African country of Niger into confusion over the weekend, as renegade soldiers assaulted key sites and the authorities fought to keep control.

Niger's Ministry of Defense said it was not immediately clear who led the attacks on Saturday, or what their aims were. The government, in a brief statement, did not identify them or mention a death toll.

But the attacks on power centers left Niger's ruling junta deeply shaken. It was only three years ago that a military commander ousted Niger's democratically elected president in a coup, and Islamist militants have repeatedly attacked the country's main airport this summer alone.

As of early Sunday morning, President Abdourahmane Tchiani — the general who led the 2023 coup — was believed to be inside the presidential palace, and his presidential guards were thought to have wrested control of the airport.

Because of the scale of the fighting, analysts said the attackers may have been members of Niger's special forces.

The Ministry of Defense said that a strategic military base called Air Base 101, which hosts Russian mercenaries and some Italian forces, was one of the “sensitive sites” attacked in the area of the capital, Niamey. That status of the base early Sunday was not immediately clear.

The operation began around 1 a.m. and continued until morning," said a former Nigerien diploma, speaking on condition of anonymity because of potential reprisals by the government. The diplomat said that the attacking soldiers had for a time seized the airport and reportedly held Russian mercenaries hostage at the air base.

The Ministry of Defense said that the “prompt response” of security forces made it possible to “contain this disturbance” and to “gradually regain control” of the contested sites.

Three analysts said that while the capital was far from stable, it appeared the authorities were slowly gaining control.

"The situation remains very uncertain and evolving," said Beatrice Bianchi, an adviser for the Sahel-Sahara Security Strategies Centre, a research group based in Dakar. "But the latest information we have is that the presidential guard forces have the upper hand, and a lot of the mutineers who had barricaded themselves inside Air Base 101 have been killed," she added.

Niger's military leaders, like those in the neighboring countries of Mali and Burkina Faso, seized power in the name of a lack of security and promising to end jihadist insurgencies that have engulfed much of the region in recent years. Many of these leaders have cut ties with longstanding Western partners, including France, and embraced Russia instead.

But the Sahel has still spiraled into violence.

Niger is hemmed in by threats along virtually all of its borders, from Libya in the north, to Nigeria in the south, and Burkina Faso to the west. A range of extremist and militant groups operate in the region, including Boko Haram, Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM), Islamic State Sahel

It was unclear who led a fight, officials said, or what the goal was.

Province (ISSP) and Islamic State West Africa Province (ISAWP).

Focusing on two of those in the country's west could lead to neglecting threats coming out of Libya, said Héni Nsaibia, a senior West Africa researcher at the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project. And focusing on elements from Libya could lead to overlooking groups like Boko Haram in the Lake Chad Basin, he said.

“They are always trying to kind of do a Whac-a-Mole, being everywhere at the same time,” he said. “That has really contributed to kind of weakening them and also stretching the forces.”

In June, militants from JNIM, an Al Qaeda affiliate, attacked the main airport in Niamey, killing at least 11 soldiers and two civilians. It was the second such strike on the facility in six months. In January, militants from the Islamic State in the Sahel launched a coordinated assault on the same airport.

Analysts say the main trigger for the recurring coups and mutinies is the failure of the governments to address the jihadist and separatist insurgencies, which continue to inflict heavy casualties on the military.

The violence and its toll have worsened since the coup, analysts said, adding that anger was rising about the government's handling of the conflict.

"When a soldier gets killed and doesn't get even the basic honors or acknowledgments, it also creates a lot of nuisance among the rank and file," Mr. Nsaibia said. "The authorities hush up things or conceal the truth for the general public."

That simmering anger in the military has fueled speculation about the motives in this weekend's attacks. Mr. Nsaibia said he was reluctant to call it an attempted coup, as opposed to a mutiny or an attempt “to kind of destabilize the regime.”

But Ms. Bianchi said she would classify it as a coup attempt.

"The line between the two are tight," she said. "There are mutinies in the past. But none got to this level of violence."

At Least 8 Killed as Ferry Capsizes Off Cyprus Coast

By LEO SANDS and BEN HUBBARD

A passenger ferry carrying 267 people capsized off the northern coast of Cyprus on Sunday, leaving at least eight people dead and prompting a search to rescue the remaining passengers.

Most passengers had been rescued, but 18 people were still missing, said Tufan Erhurman, the president of the part of northern Cyprus that has declared itself an independent Turkish republic, in a briefing late Sunday reported by Anadolu, Turkey's state-run news agency.

Four of the victims had been identified, Mr. Erhurman added, and the search for survivors was continuing by local and Turkish search and rescue teams.

The ferry had left the Cypriot port of Kyrenia (known as Girne in Turkish) for Tasucu, in southern Turkey. The Turkish Interior Ministry said it was carrying 259 passengers and eight crew members when it began taking on water about four miles from Kyrenia.

Vice President Cevdet Yilmaz of Turkey described the vessel as a “catamaran-type” boat. “I extend my condolences to the passengers on board, the crew and our nation,” he said on social media.

The Interior Ministry said in a statement that the search effort by Turkish and northern Cypriot

Ephrat Livni contributed reporting.

forces involved helicopters and naval units.

“We are deeply saddened,” said Unal Ustel, the prime minister of northern Cyprus, according to his office’s Facebook page. “There has been loss of life, and there are injured people.”

No information was immediately available about the nationalities of those aboard the ship. Passengers on such routes are predominantly residents of northern Cyprus, many of whom carry Turkish or Cypriot passports, and Turks from mainland Turkey.

In an interview with Anadolu, Mr. Ustel said the ferry's departure had been delayed by a day because of bad weather. "It was hit by a first wave at sea, and while the captain was trying to recover, the vessel began taking on water after a second wave hit," he told the outlet.

The captain and seven crew members were detained as part of an investigation into the vessel, Mr. Ustel said in a later statement published by Anadolu, calling it “the biggest maritime disaster Cyprus has experienced.”

The Turkish military occupied territory in northern Cyprus in 1974 amid violence between the ethnic Greek and Turkish populations on the Mediterranean island. In 1983, northern Cyprus declared itself an independent Turkish republic, a move that is not recognized by any country except Turkey.

Deportees on a Flight to Africa Tell of Shackles, Agony and Abuse by ICE Agents

MATTHEW JACOBS/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
A U.S. deportation flight at the Monrovia, Liberia, airport this month. Some detainees resisted getting off the first flight, last month.

CARIELLE DOE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
CARIELLE DOE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
PAOLA DOS SANTOS, on the treatment of another woman.
'They tied her like she was a cattle.'

CARLOS TÉLLEZ-SANCHEZ, a deportee now held in Liberia.

From Page A1

ICE officials during the course of their deportation or while in detention in the United States.

'They said we have freedom to move around, but I don't feel free.'

“They didn’t treat us like people, like human beings,” said Carlos Téllez-Sanchez, a deportee from Venezuela who was expelled to Liberia. “They can say or do anything to you and there’s nothing you can do.”

The White House, Department of Homeland Security and State Department said in statements

that the only deportees being sent to third countries are those who cannot be returned to their home nations or refuse to go back. "As, Secre-"As Secretary Rubio has

said, we remain unwavering in our commitment to end illegal and mass immigration," said Tommy Pigott, a State Department spokesman.

When the flight arrived this month in Liberia's capital, Monrovia, Mr. Sánchez, the Cuban national, and three others said they refused to disembark, afraid of being abandoned in an unfamiliar country.

They said they were forced onto the tarmac by ICE officers who yanked and twisted their handcuffs, pinned them to the ground and pressed their knees directly onto their necks.

Mr. Sánchez said the federal agents knocked him to the ground and knelt on his bulging abdomen, leaving him in agony, his pants still damp with urine. Other deportees began shouting, “‘You abuser! If he dies, it’s on you!’” Mr. Sánchez and three other deportees said.

The Department of Homeland Security said that no detainees were refused access to the bathroom, that Mr. Sánchez was reviewed and declared fit to fly by medical staff, that his medical needs were addressed on the flight, and that agents did not kneel or press on his abdomen.

It did not address the deportees' other allegations of abuse.

Mr. Sánchez said he was carried back, crying in pain, onto the flight in Liberia with the others. Then, they were taken to Equatorial Guinea, one of at least 35 countries with which the United States has struck deportation deals, most of them in Africa.

“Basically, they treated us like we were wild animals,” said Carlos Rodríguez, another Cuban national on the flight. “Like beasts.”

The Freezer

Three of the deportees, including Paola Dos Santos, a 21-year-old Brazilian national who was deported to Liberia, said they suffered “psychological torture” from ICE officials while detained in the United States.

Ms. Dos Santos, who said she was detained for 15 months in two separate U.S. facilities, recounted

Emmanuel Akinwotu reported from Marshall, Liberia; Pranav Baskar from New York; Genevieve Glatsky from Bogotá, Colombia; and Hamed Aleaziz from Washington. Mattathias Schwartz and Carielle Doe contributed reporting.

detainees' routinely being denied medical care, including pregnant women. One woman who pleaded for information about her son, who had been separated from her, had her hands and ankles tied together, Ms. Dos Santos said: "They tied her like she was a cattle."

The Department of Homeland Security said that detainees receive “comprehensive medical care” from the moment they enter ICE custody, including dental, mental health services and prenatal and postnatal care.

Some of the deportees said they were constantly moved from facility to facility, and sometimes kept in detention centers where up to 50 people shared a single toilet. Many said they were held for days in a painfully cold room without beds that they called the freezer.

Mr. Téllez-Sanchez, the deportee from Venezuela, said that late last year he was working at a car dealership in Dallas and looking forward to the birth of his son. He'd been in the United States for five years after a judge granted him an order protecting him from being sent back to his home country, he and a lawyer working with him said. Then in December, he was arrested on a routine visit to renew his work permit.

When he tried to explain to immigration officials that he had a court order preventing his deportation, he said, an ICE agent told him to shut up.

He said he witnessed constant verbal abuse by ICE officials while in detention.

While parts of the deportees' accounts could not be independently verified, The Times was able to confirm certain details with lawyers and government officials.

"The whole time, I cooperated," Mr. Téllez-Sanchez said. "I got a lawyer, I started a legal case. I didn't want to risk it, I wanted to do the right thing."

He added, "They didn't care."

In eight months of detention, he was moved more than six times, he said.

Alma David, the lawyer working with him, said that constantly moving deportees between states was a common tactic by ICE to prevent detainees from starting legal challenges.

“It’s a kind of psychological warfare,” she said.

Deportees are often confused when they are arrested while trying to renew their work permits or asylum papers, unaware that ICE officials are targeting people who have protection orders like Mr. Téllez-Sanchez, Ms. David said.

The administration's rapid deportations to third countries are being contested in the courts. In February, a judge declared the policy unlawful, but an appeals court has allowed the government to continue the deportations while it reviews the case.

Now, the Trump administration is increasing deportations by sending people “to countries like Liberia where they have zero ties, don’t speak the language and simply cannot imagine surviving,” Ms. David said.

'Shoot Off Your Feet'

Mr. Sánchez, the Cuban man who was writhing in pain on the flight to Liberia, said he had arrived in the United States in 2010 under the Cuban Adjustment Act and worked as a welder, building windows and doors.

In 2018, he was stabbed and shot in the stomach during a robbery in Miami that left him in a coma for 40 days, he said. Doctors who reviewed pictures of his abdomen said they appeared consistent with his descriptions of what happened to him.

Early last year, he said, he received a one-year probation order following a traffic stop that resulted in a conviction for cocaine possession. He said he completed 40 hours of community service and paid a \$3,200 fine. The Department of Homeland Security said Mr. Sánchez was a criminal who “received due process and was ordered removed from the United States” in May.

When the flight landed in Liberia, deportees said, ICE agents called their names one by one to exit the plane, and those who resisted were forcibly removed. Mr. Rodríguez, one of the Cubans, said he had four officers on top of him at once.

Several deportees who resisted disembarking said they got back on the plane after being told they would be returned to the United States.

Instead, they were taken to Equatorial Guinea, loaded into a van, left at a hotel and barred from leaving. They are under constant watch by guards carrying automatic weapons, they said in phone interviews.

“They told us: ‘If you try to escape, we’re going to shoot off your feet,’” said Darwin Hernández, also from Cuba.

The doctors who reviewed pictures of Mr. Sánchez's abdomen said that his condition did not appear to be life threatening, but that the thin layer of grafted skin holding in his intestines was extremely vulnerable, susceptible to injury and should be repaired through surgery.

When he finally saw medical staff in Equatorial Guinea, Mr. Sánchez said, doctors there told him that the country lacked the equipment needed to treat him. They gave him a simple painkiller, he said.

Life in Liberia

In Liberia, where most of the deportees were taken, Mr. Téllez-Sanchez, the Venezuelan, is trying to make sense of his new surroundings.

He and a few others occasionally take short walks, leaving the partly built three-story hotel they were placed in by the Liberian government. Outside, over half a dozen security guards and Liberian officials stand watch.

“They said we have freedom to move around, but I don’t feel free,” Mr. Téllez-Sanchez said. “I’m not a criminal. I don’t deserve what has happened to me.”

Liberia said that none of the deportees it has taken are criminals, and that they would be allowed to apply for residency in the country.

Officials from the International Organization for Migration, a U.N. agency, said in a statement that they had provided assistance to the deportees, and would help send them back to their home countries or find “other available pathways.”

Many of the deportees are now trying to figure out what to do — settle in an unfamiliar African nation or return to countries where they fear persecution?

Mr. Téllez-Sanchez, who fled Venezuela in 2019, said he hoped to be allowed back in the United States, but was not so optimistic: "Maybe it won't be possible."

For now, he said, he just wants to see his family, including the newborn son he has yet to hold.

The New York Times

With Shoppers Leery of Lettuce, World's 'Salad Bowl' Is Wilting

PHOTOGRAPHS BY MINH CONNORS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Church Brothers Farms, a large family-owned business, has been growing produce in the Salinas Valley in California since 1999. Lettuce sales began to drop in July, but have started to pick up lately.

Like many U.S. farms, Church Brothers made a tough decision to abandon healthy crops. Workers, left and above right, must wear special clothing in the food-processing plant in San Juan Bautista. The plant has cut workers' hours and laid people off this summer. Wholesale lettuce prices remain at break-even costs.

Farmers in California, Not Tied to Outbreak, Mulch Millions of Heads

By SOUMYA KARLAMANGLA

SALINAS, Calif. — At a Church Brothers Farms production facility, where conveyor belts rumble with giant heaps of chopped romaine and red cabbage, the company has slashed workers' hours and laid off employees this summer. Some assembly lines in the plant in San Juan Bautista, Calif., near the agricultural heartland of the Salinas Valley, were not operating at all last week.

Fresh produce sales fell nationwide after a major outbreak of cyclosporiasis, an illness that causes severe diarrhea. More than 17,000 people have been sickened so far, and two have died, according to federal health officials.

The largest cluster of cases was linked to iceberg lettuce grown in Mexico, and greens from the Salinas Valley have not been implicated by federal officials. Yet demand for the valley's lettuce has plummeted all the same, said Raymond Gonzales, vice president of processing plant operations at Church Brothers.

“Even though all this product is from the U.S.,” Mr. Gonzales said, waving a gloved hand at pale green leaves churning through cold water, “the consumer just sees it as lettuce.”

Like many American farmers, Church Brothers made a tough decision in recent weeks to abandon healthy crops. If there is not a market for the produce, it often makes more financial sense to use the greens to re-fertilize the land than to shell out for the labor costs for harvesting.

Jeff Church, the company's chief operating officer, said Church Brothers had lost hundreds of thousands of dollars in discarded greens. He estimated that the company had returned an extra 3.9 million heads of lettuce to the soil over the past six weeks as demand dropped.

“We just couldn’t use it,” said Mr. Church, 54.

The amount of romaine and iceberg lettuce produced for sale this summer in the United States has been the lowest in a quarter century, according to shipping data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. And wholesale prices for lettuce remain at break-even costs, even though so little is available for sale, the data shows.

Nowhere has the economic impact been felt more than in the Salinas Valley, an agricultural region about 100 miles south of San Francisco that marketers have long called the Salad Bowl of the World.

The area is perhaps best known nationally for the John Steinbeck novels set here, such as “Of Mice and Men” and “East of Eden.” But the Salinas Valley has also been prized for generations for its temperate weather and fertile soil, which allow it to grow strawberries, broccoli and, in the summer, 70 percent of the nation’s lettuce.

So produce scares are nothing new. It took years for spinach sales to recover after a deadly E. coli outbreak in 2006. But questions about the origins of the

'I even had one reporter tell me they were not going to have a Caesar salad.'

NORM GROOT, executive director of the Monterey County Farm Bureau, noting that romaine lettuce, the kind typically used in a Caesar, had never been connected to cyclospora.

largest-ever U.S. outbreak of cyclospora, a parasite in human feces, seems to have made customers particularly cautious, avoiding berries and several types of fresh vegetables that were never linked to the outbreak.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has confirmed only one source — iceberg grown in Mexico by the produce behemoth Taylor Farms. But health officials say they are investigating at least six other clusters for which sources have not yet been publicly identified.

“I even had one reporter tell me they were not going to have a Caesar salad,” said Norm Groot, executive director of the Monterey County Farm Bureau, who pointed out that romaine lettuce, the kind typically used in a Caesar, had never been connected to the parasite.

At Church Brothers, a large family-owned business that has been growing produce in the Salinas Valley since 1999, lettuce sales began to drop in July, around the time the C.D.C. announced a link between cyclospora and Taco Bell lettuce. It didn't help that Taylor Farms, whose Mexican-grown lettuce was implicated, is based in Salinas, linking the outbreak to the valley in customers' minds.

Sales have begun to pick up as the outbreak starts to subside, Mr. Church said. Yet he is now struggling to determine how much to plant in the coming months.

Mr. Church, wearing a vest in the Salinas morning fog last week, contemplated the math as he watched workers harvesting iceberg lettuce strip off outer leaves with knives before wrapping the heads in plastic to sell to Walmart.

If local farmers plant too little, fearing more losses, there will be a lettuce shortage in the winter. But if Mr. Church plants a typical amount, he could be forced again to do what farmers call discing, in which they dispatch a tractor with steel blades, or discs, to chop up healthy produce and plow it back into the soil.

Daniel Sumner, an agricultural economics professor at the University of California, Davis, said it was unclear how long customers would avoid leafy greens, given how fast information travels on social media and a larger lack of

trust in institutions.

Just last week, farmers were upset about a meme of the scariest Halloween costume: Taylor Farms shredded iceberg lettuce. The Washington Post published an opinion column last week arguing that Americans should permanently stop eating lettuce.

"It's a really tough moment," said Dave Puglia, president and chief executive of Western Growers, an agricultural trade association representing produce farmers in California and other Western states. "There's a lot of very good, fresh produce that's being plowed back into the ground."

Mr. Puglia said the drop in sales linked to this outbreak — close to 30 percent — had been higher than for other recent disease outbreaks.

And while America has a very safe food supply system, there are risks inherent to lettuce, he said, since it's largely grown outside and is eaten raw. Leafy greens are among the leading sources of food-borne illness in the United States.

In Salinas, a city of 159,000 residents where Main Street is lined with brick buildings featuring Art Deco entryways, hand-painted tomatoes and heads of lettuce grace the public trash cans. Looming as one of the tallest buildings in downtown, across from the National Steinbeck Center, is the headquarters of

Taylor Farms, a major employer.

The mayor of Salinas, Dennis Donohue, said he was keeping an eye on local economic indicators, such as sales tax revenue, to see how the produce sales slump could ultimately affect the city's finances. But ups and downs are the nature of the agriculture business, said Mr. Donohue, who previously ran a small specialty vegetable company.

“Things tend to bounce back,” he said. As far as eating lettuce, even customers in Salinas remain wary.

Melanie Waltrip, who co-owns Small-ey's Roundup Restaurant, a 50-year-old steakhouse with deep red booths, said her servers were still fielding questions about the safety of consuming their green salads, typically served as a side with ribs or pork chops.

But Jeff Birkemeier, 46, who co-owns Amapola Kitchen in downtown Salinas, said his most popular menu item, a Chinese chicken salad made with romaine, remains a best seller. He said that employees of Taylor Farms, who work across the street from his cafe, often stop by for lunch.

"My customers in general are people that have grown up in this type of agricultural hotbed for their whole lives, and they just kind of take it all in stride," he said.

As Federal Case Stalls, ICE Agent Accused in Shooting Leaves Texas Jail

Julio C. Sosa-Celis, left, was shot while attempting to flee ICE agents in January. His roommate, Alfredo A. Aljorna, escaped injury.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY JENN ACKERMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

By ERNESTO LONDOÑO and MITCH SMITH

BROWNSVILLE, Texas — Federal prosecutors in Minnesota were preparing to file civil rights charges last week against an ICE agent accused of shooting and wounding an immigrant from Venezuela in January, according to three people with knowledge of the case.

But those plans unraveled, and the agent, Christian Castro, walked out of a Texas jail where he had been held for three months.

Such charges would be rare, and a sign that the Trump administration was willing to hold federal agents accountable as officials face criticism over a number of shootings during a nationwide immigration crackdown, including two in Minnesota that killed U.S. citizens.

In Mr. Castro's case, time was of the essence. He was set to be released on Thursday from a South Texas jail where he was being held on separate state charges filed by Minnesota prosecutors in the shooting of the Venezuelan man, Julio C. Sosa-Celis. Officials worried that Mr. Castro, a deportation officer for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, might flee to Mexico if freed.

But the plans to file federal civil rights charges before Mr. Castro left jail, which would have required sign-off from Washington, fell apart in the final hours for reasons that remain unclear. A Justice Department official said in a statement that the agency had “not yet reached a conclusion on this matter and will never rush an investigative process and the thorough review of all evidence.”

The U.S. attorney's office in Minnesota declined to comment.

Although federal charges could still be filed, Mr. Castro left jail early Thursday without restrictions. With no federal charges and no agreement from Texas to extradite Mr. Castro on the state counts, it remains unclear whether he will ever appear in court as a criminal defendant.

“Mr. Sosa-Celis put his trust in federal prosecutors in Minnesota who promised him, as a victim and a witness, that they would finally pursue justice by indicting Christian Castro,” said Robin Wolpert, a lawyer for Mr. Sosa-Celis, who said she was told by prosecutors early last week that charges were imminent.

Pretti, U.S. citizens who were killed in separate incidents. The other shooting, which received far less attention and resulted in relatively minor injuries, took place on a dimly lit residential street on Jan. 14 after the car that Mr. Castro and his partner were pursuing steered into a snowbank.

The driver of that car, Alfredo A. Aljorna, ran toward the nearby duplex where he lived. His roommate, Mr. Sosa-Celis, was standing outside. After a scuffle with an agent on the front lawn, the men fled inside. State prosecutors have said that Mr. Castro fired a single shot through the front door and struck Mr. Sosa-Celis on the leg.

At first, the Trump administration rallied behind Mr. Castro. Mr. Sosa-Celis and his roommate, neither of whom had legal status in the United States, were described as “violent criminal illegal aliens” who engaged in a sustained assault with a broom and shovel. The men were charged with assaulting or impeding an officer, a felony punishable by up to eight years in prison.

But weeks later, the Trump administration made a stunning reversal. After reviewing surveillance video of the incident, prosecutors concluded that Mr. Castro had likely lied about the events leading up to the shooting. The charges against Mr. Sosa-Celis and Mr. Aljorna were dropped. And the two officers at the scene were suspended and placed under investigation.

The State Charges

“Lying under oath is a serious federal offense,” Todd Lyons, who at the time led ICE, said in February. The agents, he added, could face federal criminal charges. No charges have been filed against Mr. Castro’s partner, who did not fire his weapon and who has not been publicly identified.

Months passed with no word about the status of that federal investigation.

Then in mid-May, the top county prosecutor in Minneapolis, Mary Moriarty, announced that she was forging ahead on her own. She charged Mr. Castro with four counts of second-degree assault and one count of falsely reporting a crime.

It is rare for federal agents to face state criminal charges for on-duty conduct, and the Trump administration has argued that any prosecution of agents should take place in federal courts. If Ms. Moriarty succeeded in trying Mr. Castro, it had the potential to become a template for local officials elsewhere to seek criminal accountability for federal officials.

At first, the case proceeded as most do. An arrest warrant was issued, and Mr. Castro was arrested by Texas Rangers. When Mr. Castro did not agree to return to Minnesota, Gov. Tim Walz of Minnesota, a Democrat, submitted an extradition request. But the process stalled when Gov. Greg Abbott of Texas, a Republican, did not act on the request.

By last week, the clock was ticking in Texas. State law limits detentions on extradition warrants to 90 days, meaning Mr. Castro would be freed on Thursday if nothing changed.

In Minneapolis, federal prosecutors were preparing to charge Mr. Castro with multiple counts of violating civil rights and making false statements. Doing so could have rendered the extradition battle moot.

There was one major problem: Mr. Castro was in Texas.

But as the days went by, no charges emerged.

The impasse led to a federal courtroom on Tuesday in the border city of Brownsville, Texas, where Minnesota officials asked a judge to force Mr. Abbott to act on extradition before Mr. Castro was released.

The lawyers for Minnesota noted that Mr. Castro had made hundreds of phone calls in jail to a woman in Mexico with whom they said he had a romantic relationship. Minnesota officials told the judge that they feared Mr. Castro could flee there.

Texas officials argued that the governor needed more time to determine whether Mr. Castro qualified as a fugitive under the law since he had returned to Texas at the direction of his employer and before charges were filed.

The judge, Fernando Rodriguez Jr., a Trump appointee, sided with the Texans, clearing the way for Mr. Castro's release.

Outside court, the bitter partisan politics shaping the case spilled onto social media.

Keith Ellison, Minnesota's Democratic attorney general, posted that “Abbott is playing with constitutional fire” and “turning Texas into a sanctuary state for violent criminals.”

Mr. Abbott fired right back.

“You guys are such bad lawyers,” the governor responded. “You showed up unprepared, uninformed & unpersuasive.”

Federal prosecutors' preparations to charge Mr. Castro were described by Ms. Wolpert; Frederick J. Goetz, a lawyer for a roommate of Mr. Sosa-Celis who has been classified as a victim in the case; and a third person who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive information.

Three people were shot by agents during the campaign, including Renee Good and Alex

Minneapolis was in chaos when Mr. Castro and another ICE agent began chasing a car through the city's snowy streets in mid-January. Mr. Castro was about 1,400 miles from his home station near the Texas-Mexico border.

The Federal Uncertainty

Ms. Wolpert added that “it is devastating to Mr. Sosa-Celis to learn that his trust in our justice system appears to have been broken once again.”

The Shooting

He was one of thousands of agents dispatched to Minnesota last winter after the Trump administration accused Democrats there of resisting immigration enforcement. Officers arrested thousands of immigrants, clashed repeatedly with residents and engaged in conduct that alarmed federal judges.

As Mr. Castro walked free, his next steps seemed far from clear.

He could travel to Minnesota and turn himself in. He could hunker down in Texas. He could run for the border. And, at any point, federal prosecutors could decide whether to move forward with charges.

The civil rights charge that prosecutors had been weighing, deprivation of rights under color of law, can carry a lengthy prison term upon conviction. A Justice Department official said that when civil rights charges are weighed, federal prosecutors must consult and work cooperatively with the agency's civil rights experts in Washington.

A police camera provided video evidence contradicting the federal authorities' initial account that an ICE agent had been attacked.

The statute, which can be used when government officials abuse their authority to deprive someone of their rights, has been filed against police officers in high-profile cases, including the murder of George Floyd in 2020 and the 1991 beating of Rodney King in Los Angeles.

Mr. Aljorna's lawyer, Mr. Goetz, said in a statement that "it appears that political considerations have derailed the federal prosecution." Under federal law, crime victims are generally required to be informed of the status of the investigation and about the filing of any charges.

“Earlier this week I believed the federal prosecution of Christian Castro would proceed without fear or favor,” Mr. Goetz said. “I have serious concerns that this is no longer the case.”

Attempts to reach Mr. Castro for comment while he was in jail and after his release were not successful. It was not clear if any lawyer was representing him in the Minnesota case.

It is difficult in any era to convict a law enforcement officer in an on-duty shooting, and President Trump's Justice Department has been especially deferential to officers in the field.

But the Trump administration has been distancing itself from Mr. Castro for months.

Asked about Mr. Castro after his release from jail, the Department of Homeland Security disclosed one new detail last week: His suspension was without pay.

Relative of Afghans Who Aided U.S. Military Is Among Group of Deportees to Africa

By MIRIAM JORDAN and HAMED ALEAZIZ

A deportation plane carrying about 70 foreign nationals, one of an increasing number of flights that have sent thousands of immigrants to countries where they have no ties, left for the Central African Republic last week, according to advocacy organizations.

On board was a 24-year-old Afghan whose father, brother and sister worked alongside U.S. forces, said AfghanEvac, a U.S.-based group that assists Afghan allies, the American Civil Liberties Union and a person familiar with the operation who spoke on condition of anonymity.

Deporting relatives of Afghans who aided the U.S. military during its 20-year campaign in Afghanistan breaks a longstanding American commitment to protect wartime allies. Thousands of Afghans fled with their families after the Taliban overthrew the U.S.-backed government in Kabul five years ago.

Under the Biden administration, many received special visas or asylum. Immigration judges granted others “withholding of removal,” which allows noncitizens not granted asylum to remain in the United States because they would face grave danger if returned to their country.

But under its immigration crackdown, the Trump administration has sought to strip hundreds of thousands of people of their protected statuses. Last July, following a Supreme Court ruling that stayed a district court decision while an appeal plays out, the administration began signing accords with third countries to accept deportees.

About 19,000 people have been sent to Mexico even though they have no ties to the country. Overall, 23,000 have been sent to countries they are not originally from, according to Human Rights First and Refugees International, groups that track third-country deportation flights.

Friday's flight was the third since June to the Central African Republic, a country enduring a civil war, according to Human Rights First, which tracks deportation flights.

"Sending people who won protection in immigration court to a conflict zone is a callous and deliberate strategy by this administration to force people to abandon their claims and rights," said Sarah Mehta, deputy director of immigration policy and government affairs at the American Civil Liberties Union.

Khalil, the 24-year-old deported on Friday, was granted withholding of removal last year by an immigration judge who found his fear of persecution credible, according to his lawyer, Alma David.

Several members of Khalil's family assisted the U.S. military, according to his lawyer and family. A brother, who lives in New York, served as a database administrator for the Afghan National Army, which collaborated with the U.S. mission. Another brother, a pilot trained by the United States, was killed fighting the Taliban in 2020.

After Kabul fell in August 2021, the family fled to Pakistan, and the Taliban raided their house in search of them, according to interviews with two brothers who now live in the United States.

Khalil, identified only by his first name at the request of his lawyer out of concern for his safety, traveled to the United States in the hopes of joining his brothers in 2024. Khalil was detained after crossing the border and applied for asylum.

Marine Col. Zachary Schmidt, who supervised Khalil's brother Najib during the U.S. military campaign, testified at Khalil's asylum hearing. He told the judge that he had seen texts and handwritten letters from the Taliban to Khalil's brother, threatening the family because of work he performed in support of the U.S. mission.

“I firmly believe that if this young man is forced to return to Afghanistan he will be killed,” he said of Khalil in an interview. “The United States made a commitment to protect the people who helped us, and that includes their families.”

Najib, the brother, said in an interview that he had left Afghanistan in 2014 and applied for a special status granted to Afghans who assisted the United States as well as petitioned for asylum. (He has since obtained a green card.)

“We paid the price of serving the U.S. government; my brother was killed,” he said. “Now the situation with Khalil is very, very unfair. He could get killed immediately” if forced to return to Afghanistan.

The Department of Homeland

Security did not respond to questions about the deportation of relatives of Afghan allies.

In a statement, the department said, “For operational security and the safety of our personnel, we would never disclose information about our deportation flights. We are applying the law as written. If a judge finds an illegal alien has no right to be in this country, we are going to remove them.”

Among those deported Friday were about 20 Afghan nationals, according to advocacy organizations and a person familiar with the operation. Another 10 were Iranians. Others were from Nepal, Nicaragua and other countries.

"Iranians who can't go back to a war zone and Afghans who fear deportation to the Taliban are going to be essentially under house arrest, in an unstable country," said Ms. Mehta of the A.C.L.U. "This is not immigration policy; it's cruelty."

The first third-country flight departed for South Sudan in July 2025.

“We’ve seen a dramatic escalation in third country deportations to countries in Africa,” said Savi Arvey, director of policy, refugee and immigrant rights at Human

Rights First.

Friday's flight took off from the Dallas area, according to Human Rights First. It was scheduled to make stops in Senegal and Sierra Leone before landing in the Central African capital of Bangui.

The Trump administration has increasingly relied on third-country agreements with impoverished, troubled countries to deport nationals whose countries refuse to accept them, or whom a judge has found would be in peril if repatriated.

Many of the countries, such as the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of The Congo, appear on State Department advisories warning against travel there.

"These countries are not committed to providing these men and women any protection or long-term status," said Ms. David, Khalil's lawyer. "These people are going to end up back in the very country where a judge has determined they are more likely than not to face severe harm."

Until then, the deportees are often confined in ramshackle housing, according to advocates, and they receive no legal status, work authorization or legal support.

The 47th President

As Losses Mounted, 47 States Cornered Meta on Teen Safety

From Page A1

state's attorney general, said in one of the meetings with nearly all the state attorneys general, encouraging them not to get greedy. "Pigs get fat, and hogs get slaughtered."

The settlement, one of the largest agreements between a company and a group of states embroiled in litigation, was announced on Wednesday. This account of how it came together is based on a dozen interviews with state leaders, former and current Meta executives, court documents and trial testimony.

For years, Meta, which owns Instagram and Facebook, seemed to have an impenetrable defense against child safety lawsuits. The company's aces were Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, a 1996 law that protects platforms from liability over what users post on their sites, and the First Amendment, which protects free speech.

But concerns have mounted globally over the harmful effects of social media on children. Australia last year became the first country to bar children under 16 from using social media, and many other countries carried out

The company finally agreed to limit how much young users can be on its apps.

or are considering similar rules.

In the United States, a flood of online child safety lawsuits have been filed since 2022, and the plaintiffs focused on a new argument claiming that social media sites designed their products in a harmful way that violates consumer protection and other laws.

The suits accused the companies of knowingly creating sites that were as addictive as cigarettes, taking a page from a strategy used against Big Tobacco in the 1990s. Suddenly, relying on Section 230 didn't look so safe.

At Meta, concern was growing about the cases, according to two people familiar with thinking inside the company.

In January, Meta hired Mr. Mahoney, a veteran litigator who had been general counsel at Microsoft. Mr. Mahoney, who reports directly to Mr. Zuckerberg, took the position of chief legal officer in part because he was attracted to the prospect of negotiating a settlement, one of the people familiar with Meta's thinking said. He had negotiated complex deals in the past, most notably in 2020 when, as deputy U.S. trade representative, he was a lead negotiator of the Trump administration's trade deal with Canada and Mexico.

Just days after starting his new

Cecilia Kang reported from Washington, and Eli Tan from San Francisco.

job, Mr. Mahoney called Attorney General Phil Weiser of Colorado and Mr. Skrmetti of Tennessee, the lead negotiators for states, to begin settlement talks, four of the people familiar with the conversations said. Mr. Mahoney, who is based in Silicon Valley, flew out to meet them separately in their states. He wanted to explore a grand settlement that would end federal and state cases brought by all of the nation's attorneys general.

The two sides had held previous talks. But the tenor of the conversations changed because Mr. Mahoney seemed so clearly interested in reaching a resolution.

But a roadblock immediately became apparent because Meta was reluctant to make some changes to its products, three of the people said. That was a non-starter for many of the state attorneys general.

“We brought these suits because we wanted to protect kids and we wanted to reform the platforms,” Mr. Skrmetti said in an interview. Forcing changes to the platforms “is really the most significant part here.”

Every attorney general was familiar with an instance of a child's facing harm from social media, Mr. Weiser said in an interview. "The shared commitment to do something was rooted in the pain that all of us recognize, the fears that all of us had," he added.

The talks dragged. But within weeks, Meta received a harsh reminder of the potential problems ahead.

A young woman identified as K.G.M. took the stand at a trial that began in late January, making accusations that social media companies had created features on their platforms like infinite scroll that had led to her anxiety and depression.

The defendants — Meta, Snap, TikTok and YouTube — had argued in pretrial hearings that the case should be scrapped because of Section 230. But the judge, Carolyn B. Kuhl of California Superior Court of Los Angeles County, ruled that the case was about product liability, not speech.

The five-week trial was deeply embarrassing for Meta. Mr. Zuckerberg testified for the first time about child safety in front of a jury. He was grilled about allowing millions of underage users on Instagram. Parents who said their children were harmed by social media packed the courtroom. Internal documents presented as evidence showed Meta's employees comparing themselves to drug pushers.

PHOTOGRAPHS BY NOAH BERGER/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Parents who cite social media's influence in the deaths of their children were outside the court during Meta's trial in Oakland, Calif.
Paul W. Schmidt, right, a lawyer for Meta, after the company reached a \$17.1 billion settlement agreement on Wednesday.
Shannon Stevenson, the solicitor general for Colorado, which brought Meta to trial with California, Kentucky and New Jersey.

The stakes were getting higher, as Meta and California, Colorado, Kentucky and New Jersey geared up for trial this summer in U.S. District Court for the Northern

Simultaneously, New Mexico's attorney general was trying a case in state court charging Meta with violating consumer protection laws.

Within two days in March, Meta lost both cases. The decisions raised questions about reputational harm that future trials could inflict.

District of California in Oakland. The states had accused Meta of violating consumer protection laws and child privacy protections, seeking roughly \$200 billion in penalties and changes to the company's platforms.

Mr. Skrmetti and nearly all the other states attorney general had also filed their own cases.

But in the ongoing talks, Meta still wasn't meeting all the states' demands on safety features.

On the eve of the Oakland trial, Meta made a last-ditch effort to kill the case. The company asked the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit on July 22 to throw out the social media addiction cases, invoking legal protections under Section 230.

As Meta waited for a decision from the Ninth Circuit, Mr. Mahoney trekked to Tennessee with his \$19 billion offer. He left without a deal, but talks continued.

On Aug. 10, the appeals court ruled against Meta. Suddenly the talks sped up, four of the people said. With their new leverage, the states began daily negotiations with Meta's lawyers in person in Nashville and over video calls, to get final concessions, one of the people said.

As part of the deal, the company agreed to more safety measures. The growing list of platform changes included stopping teenage users from endless scrolling, and imposing a two-hour daily limit on use of Instagram and Facebook. Meta also said it would limit teen use between midnight and 6 a.m. and silence notifications during school hours of 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.

Meta proposed paying more and increasing limits on how much young users could use its platforms if other social media companies, like TikTok and YouTube, agreed to similar controls for their apps — something that Meta said would keep it from being singled out.

The company wanted to avoid going to trial, and had made it a condition that all the states needed to sign on. But on a video call to discuss the proposed settlement on Aug. 11, some state attorneys general asked if the money was enough and how it would be divided, five people with knowledge of the conversations said.

The states came up with an equation to divvy up the fund based on the size of their populations and the individual charges brought against Meta in each case.

The states' case in Oakland went to trial two weeks ago while they were still negotiating with Meta. On Sunday, the Colorado and Tennessee attorneys general presented a final settlement deal to the other states. They emailed the document with instructions to sign by Tuesday at 6 p.m.

That day, Adam Mosseri, the head of Instagram, testified in Oakland. The states' plan to call Mr. Zuckerberg to testify was looming.

On Tuesday, every state signed except Texas, Florida and New Mexico, ending the trial. New Mexico had already won its case, and Meta settled with Texas on Wednesday for about \$1 billion, offering safety guardrails for young users similar to the multistate agreement.

“Section 230 and the First Amendment are not impenetrable shields to holding Meta accountable,” California’s attorney general, Rob Bonta, said in a call with reporters on Wednesday. The states’ settlement shows the limits of the abilities of those laws “to deliver justice and accountability” to “the people, children, families who’ve been harmed by misconduct.”

Mr. Mahoney said in a statement on Wednesday that he was proud of the agreement and the power it gave parents to protect their children.

“But its success depends on all other social media platforms following Meta’s lead,” he said.

Meta still faces thousands of other suits filed by teenagers, families and school districts. The next major personal injury trial is scheduled to be heard in California Superior Court of Los Angeles County in October.

Meta said it was confident it could win the case.

Progressives Balk at Pick of Pro-Israel Democrat Atop House Panel on Middle East

KENNY HOLSTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Representative Jared Moskowitz of Florida was chosen as ranking member on a subcommittee overseeing Middle East policy.

By ANNIE KARNI

WASHINGTON — A backlash is underway within Democratic ranks after House leaders named a vocally pro-Israel Democrat to their top slot on a key panel that oversees Middle East policy, the latest reflection of bitter divisions in the party over support for the Jewish state.

Democrats on Tuesday chose Representative Jared Moskowitz of Florida to serve as the ranking member of the Foreign Affairs Committee's Middle East and North Africa Subcommittee, elevating a lawmaker facing a tough re-election race who has called for "unwavering support" for Israel. Mr. Moskowitz has backed continued U.S. aid to Israel even as many Democrats have turned against it, and aggressively condemns critics of the Jewish state. The selection put Mr. Moskowitz in line to lead the panel should Democrats win control of the House in November.

Leaders also placed two other staunchly pro-Israel Democrats on the committee, Representatives Debbie Wasserman Schultz of Florida and Wesley Bell of Missouri, who like Mr. Moskowitz have been heavily backed by the American Israel Public Affairs Committee.

Progressives immediately condemned the moves, calling them tone-deaf and a sign that Democratic leaders have failed to grasp how voters in their own party have shifted on the issue of Israel

and Gaza.

"Don't put Israel hawks out of touch with our voters in charge of our Middle East policy," Representative Ro Khanna, Democrat of California, warned party leaders on social media.

Some Democrats pushed back, noting that Mr. Moskowitz trounced the progressive Democratic primary challenger in his South Florida district, who described himself as anti-Zionist.

But others asserted that the move was badly out of step with the party's base.

In a series of irate posts, Benjamin J. Rhodes, a former top foreign policy adviser to President Barack Obama, wrote that Democrats were “showing zero regard for the vast majority of their own voters,” adding that their “disregard for war crimes and voter concerns could not be clearer.”

A New York Times/Siena national poll conducted in May found that 74 percent of Democratic voters opposed providing additional economic and military support to Israel, and a Pew Research Center poll in April found that eight in 10 Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents had an unfavorable view of Israel.

The furor underscored the shift underway among Democrats over support for Israel — once seen as a prerequisite for anyone who wanted a future in politics, but now regarded by many in the party as a major liability. It also reinforced the looming challenge

Polls show a growing majority of Democrats have an unfavorable view of Israel.

that Representative Hakeem Jeffries, the New York Democrat and minority leader, who is in line to be speaker should his party win the House, will face trying to govern a caucus in which Israel has become a major fault line.

Last month, when Mr. Jeffries called for a “major reset” between the United States and Israel, progressives took it as a positive sign that he was finally moving in their direction on a high-priority issue that has starkly divided the party.

But the selection of Mr. Moskowitz, who initially said he would oppose a resolution to rein in President Trump's war powers in Iran before changing his mind, appeared to have alienated them anew.

The Council on American-Islamic Relations, a Muslim advocacy organization, said in a statement that the appointment of Mr. Moskowitz was “an insult to the American people and a desperate attempt to shield Israel from accountability.”

An overwhelming majority of Democrats “want to spend American taxpayer dollars here at home, not on bombing children overseas," the organization said, adding that Congress should "reflect the will of the American people, not the wishes of AIPAC or Benjamin Netanyahu's racist, genocidal government."

A spokesman for Mr. Jeffries declined to comment.

If Mr. Moskowitz were to become the chairman of the subcommittee next year, he would decide hearing topics and choose witnesses, moves that help frame the issue and set the tone for the debate about Israel. Progressives said they feared that with someone like Mr. Moskowitz leading the panel, it would not address issues such as settler violence and humanitarian aid in Gaza.

While the appointment drew outrage from progressives, top House Democrats regarded it as a politically wise move given that Mr. Moskowitz faces a challenging re-election campaign in a district that has been redrawn to lean more conservative. They also noted that it represented no real ideological change from the way the panel is currently organized.

The current ranking Democrat on the Middle East panel, Representative Brad Sherman of California, is also staunchly pro-Israel. Mr. Sherman was willing to give up his position at the request of Mr. Moskowitz, who currently leads a different subcommittee but said the move would help him with pro-Israel Jews in his re-election campaign, according to two people familiar with the arrangement. Democrats who sit on the committee agreed to the change.

Some moderate Democrats said the backlash to Mr. Moskowitz's appointment had been manufactured by the left.

"Are Democrats trying to tell other Democrats that supporters of the U.S.-Israeli relationship aren't welcome in leadership positions — and who is next?" said Representative Josh Gottheimer, a centrist Democrat from New Jersey and a staunch supporter of Israel. "Is this a new litmus test for committee chairs? Moskowitz is beyond qualified."

He called the progressive outrage “selective” and politically misguided, noting that it was coming as many in the party are encouraging pro-Israel Democrats to swallow their concerns about Abdul El-Sayed, the nominee for Senate in Michigan who is a vocal critic of Israel.

"This election should be about affordability and Trump's corruption, and they want to make it about Jews and Israel," Mr. Gottheimer said.

The decision cheered center-leaning Democrats and some donors, who said it indicated that Mr. Jeffries would not allow the party to be taken over by the demands of the Democratic Socialists of America.

Mr. Moskowitz, on social media, expressly thanked Mr. Jeffries for giving him “this important responsibility to help lead Democrats policy in the Middle East.”

The 47th President

SPENCER PLATT/GETTY IMAGES

Left, federal agents patrolled the halls of an immigration court in New York City in July; right, demonstrators outside a courthouse in Danbury, Conn., last week.
TED SHAFFREY/ASSOCIATED PRESS

ICE Arrests Surge as It Targets People Lacking Criminal History

DAVID GUTTENFELDER/THE NEW YORK TIMES

A protester is arrested in Minneapolis in January. Data shows ICE's activities have shifted since the public outcry there early this year.

Majority Swept Up In July Are Accused Of Civil Violations

By ALBERT SUN and ALLISON McCANN

A surge in immigration arrests this summer has swept up thousands of people who had not previously been the focus of President Trump's mass deportation campaign. They included people married to U.S. citizens, people who had entered legally and were pursuing an asylum claim, and others with a temporary legal status that the administration pushed to revoke.

A majority of the immigrants arrested in July were people who were accused of violating civil immigration laws but who had not been charged with or convicted of a crime, an analysis of newly released federal data shows. The share with a past violent criminal conviction fell to less than 4 percent.

Overall, immigration arrests rose to record highs with 43,000 ICE arrests in June and 49,000 in July. Two fatal shootings involving Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents, in Texas and Maine, drew outrage but did not meaningfully slow the pace of arrests.

A representative for the Department of Homeland Security said that the administration was keeping its promises to arrest and deport criminals and that anyone in the country illegally was a target for enforcement.

The new data contains details on every ICE arrest through Aug. 5 and offers the fullest picture yet of how the agency's activities have shifted since public backlash forced a retreat from the aggressive tactics seen in Minneapolis early this year. It was obtained by the Deportation Data Project, an academic group, through a public records lawsuit and was analyzed by The New York Times.

After his confirmation this

Andrea Fuller contributed reporting.

spring, the secretary of homeland security, Markwayne Mullin, promised quieter but more effective enforcement. ICE now appears closer than ever to meeting a recent goal of 2,000 daily arrests.

“They have more officers, more money, more detention space, more local partners and better systems,” said Claire Trickler-McNulty, a former senior ICE official. “And they’re finally putting all the pieces together to build out this deportation machine.”

Immigration arrests are near all-time highs in almost every state. Even sparsely populated Montana and Vermont had spikes, with arrest rates more than doubling.

But the surge was strongest in Florida and Texas, two states with large unauthorized immigrant populations and leaders friendly to the Trump administration's crackdown.

ICE is making more than 380 arrests a day in Texas and more than 230 a day in Florida, with each state up by more than 100 arrests a day from the spring.

All the same, the increase has affected states led both by Republicans and by Democrats. In New Jersey and New Mexico, arrests have doubled, even though both states passed laws this year that restrict government cooperation with ICE.

ICE appears to be hitting new arrest records in a couple of ways: The agency has hired thousands more agents — growing to 29,000 employees in June, up from about 21,000 when Mr. Trump took office, according to data from the Office of Personnel Management. And it has relied more on state and local law enforcement partners.

ICE has rapidly expanded a program to deputize local police officers to arrest immigrants. The share of people detained through the program, known as 287(g), is now around 14 percent, the data shows.

Florida has tallied at least 15,000 arrests through the program under Mr. Trump, the data shows, and Texas has notched nearly 10,000. But the program has been particularly important in smaller states like Wyoming and West Virginia, where ICE's presence is more limited. The share of 287(g) arrests in both states is now more than 50 percent.

Under Mr. Mullin's tenure, the number of people in ICE detention initially declined but has slowly ticked back up.

The agency has not yet reached its stated goal of 100,000 detention beds, but with several new detention facilities opening this fall — and the possibility of reviving a plan to convert warehouses into detention centers — it appears poised to expand detention significantly in the next year.

Deportations have averaged well over 1,000 people a day since last summer, and there are signs that they are picking up speed. The number of deportation flights began rising in the spring, and in July reached a record of at least 329 flights out of the country, according to ICE Flight Monitor, a tracking effort run by Human Rights First.

Judge Rules Trump Violated Rights of Foreign Students at Stanford

JIM WILSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES

The ruling was a win for The Stanford Daily, which said its First Amendment rights were violated.

By CHRIS CAMERON

WASHINGTON — A federal judge in California has ruled that the Trump administration violated the constitutional rights of international students when it sought to deport them for criticizing Israel's war in Gaza.

In a 90-page ruling on Friday, Judge Noël Wise found that the key legal foundations that the Trump administration had relied on to arrest and deport foreign students were unconstitutional, because Trump officials had wielded them to target students who used their freedom of speech to express opinions that the government did not like.

“In the United States,” Judge Wise wrote, “free speech, including the freedom to criticize the government and its leaders, is not a sign of our democracy’s fragility. It is evidence of its strength.

“That strength is diminished when members of our society — citizens and noncitizens alike — must self-censor and ‘behave’ or suffer the government’s retaliation,” she wrote. “This downward spiral is antithetical to our Constitution that recognizes our right to speak freely. Here you can simultaneously hate the content of a person’s speech and love the country that cherishes the freedom to allow it.”

Judge Wise, who was appointed to the Northern District of California by President Joseph R. Biden Jr., effectively declared that a section of immigration law frequently invoked by the Trump administration violated the First and Fifth Amendments, reasoning that the provision was vague and allowed the secretary of state to remove noncitizens for speech and other activities protected by the First Amendment.

Conor Fitzpatrick, the chief supervising attorney at the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression, which brought the lawsuit, celebrated the ruling.

"Today's ruling proves that free speech isn't a privilege, but the inalienable right of every man, woman, and child," he said in a statement.

The ruling follows another court victory for students targeted by the Trump administration last year. A federal judge in Massachusetts appointed by President Ronald Reagan ruled in September that Trump officials had violated the First Amendment as part of a broader strategy to stamp out campus activism. Judge Wise relied heavily on the reasoning of that court, which found that the Trump administration singled out “pro-Palestine and anti-Israel speech for a campaign of speech-chilling retribution.”

In California, lawyers from the free speech group brought their lawsuit on behalf of The Stanford Daily, a student newspaper at Stanford University. They argued that several of its staff members had been forced to self-censor or quit the paper out of fear that the government could retaliate for what it published.

In court filings, the newspaper, which is open to all students and has more than 150 members, said it had weathered resignations and withdrawn stories by noncitizens who were concerned that publish-

Threats of deportation for criticizing Israel are found to be unconstitutional.

ing content about Israel or the conditions in Gaza could leave them vulnerable to deportation.

The climate of fear at Stanford that the lawsuit described followed a series of arrests last year, when the Trump administration began targeting student activists, including Mahmoud Khalil and Rumeysa Ozturk, over their speaking out against the Israeli government and the mounting death toll in Gaza.

In those and other cases, immigration agents arrested the students after Marco Rubio, the secretary of state, invoked the challenged provision, deeming the students a threat to U.S. foreign policy interests. In each case, Mr. Rubio personally signed off on the decision to revoke a student visa or render a lawful permanent resident deportable after determining that those interests were at stake.

Gas Stations Trump Pushed Are Tied to Suit Over Payment

By JESUS JIMÉNEZ

Last month the Trump administration promoted a chain of gas stations that were lowering prices in the Northeast because “they love the U.S.A.” Now, a new lawsuit claims that some of the fuel sold by the gas stations came from a dealer that never paid for it.

The chain of gas stations, called the Freedom Fuel Network, had lowered gas prices at 25 stations in the Philadelphia area, President Trump said in July. But a lawsuit filed this month in federal court claims that the Freedom Fuel Network was able to sell its gas at lower prices because some of the fuel derived from a dealer that had not paid for the gas.

The lawsuit was filed by the Georgia-based Mansfield Energy against KRSM, a company based in New Jersey, and its president, Syed Kazmi. From May 21 to July 7, KRSM picked up 11 million gallons of fuel worth nearly \$4 million from a fuel supply terminal in Pennsylvania, the suit claims.

Then, KRSM sold that fuel to gas stations that were part of the Freedom Fuel Network, which was able to sell gas at lower prices than its competitors did, the lawsuit claims.

“KRSM was able to sell such fuel for such low prices and garner such publicity because it never

A company claims it never received money for fuel it supplied.

paid plaintiff for such fuel," the lawsuit says.

Urs Broderick Furrer, a lawyer representing Mansfield, said in a statement that Mr. Kazmi had picked up the fuel from Mansfield's account.

“Despite the fact that the last delivery was more than five weeks ago, KRSM has not paid one dollar towards the \$4,000,000 that KRSM owes Mansfield,” Mr. Furrer said. Some of that gas, Mr. Furrer said, was delivered to at least 10 locations that are listed on Freedom Fuel Network’s website. The lawsuit does not name the Freedom Fuel Network as a defendant, and does not detail how much of the unpaid fuel was received from KRSM.

Mauro Tucci, a lawyer representing Mr. Kazmi, said in an email, “KRSM disputes the allegations in this case, which is an accounting dispute over fuel invoices mis-priced by Mansfield Oil.”

According to the lawsuit, because of a data error, Mansfield did not receive information it needed to send invoices to KRSM until early July. After some discrepancies with invoices, the lawsuit says, Mansfield submitted draft requests to KRSM's account in late July and was later told by its bank that KRSM had refused the drafts.

During phone calls with Mansfield between late July and early August, Mr. Kazmi said that KRSM would pay for the fuel, but payment had yet to be received, the lawsuit claims.

The lawsuit does not detail how Mr. Kazmi was connected to the Freedom Fuel Network or who owns it. A trademark application filed with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in July does not name owners for the Freedom Fuel Network.

"The Administration has had zero contact or dealings with the defendant: KRSM Inc or Sayed Kazmi," a White House spokesperson said.

President Trump said in a post on Truth Social on July 1 that gas prices were falling, but “not as fast as they should be.” Ahead of the July 4 holiday, the Freedom Fuel Network planned to lower gas prices at 25 stations across the Greater Philadelphia area, Mr. Trump said.

“This Retailer is taking the lead, and others should follow,” Mr. Trump said. “They are doing this because they love the U.S.A.”

The Trump administration did not provide additional explanation for why gas stations in the Freedom Fuel Network were able to sell gas at a lower cost. On July 7, the White House posted a video on social media at a Freedom Fuel Network gas station that sold gas for \$3.47 per gallon in Philadelphia, where the cost of a gallon of gas reached \$3.99 that week.

Less than two weeks later, the national average for a gallon of gas reached \$4, as the war with Iran rekindled. Yesterday, the national average for a gallon of gas was \$4.08, according to the AAA motor club.

Abortion rights protesters in Amarillo in 2023, the year a Texas ruling called mifepristone illegal.
MERIDITH KOHUT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Outside the Supreme Court. Seeking the release of transgender care records, officials tried Texas.
RHIANNON ADAM FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

A Federal Court in Texas Has Reliably Aided Trump's Agenda

U.S. COURTS/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS
Judge Reed O'Connor became the chief judge of the Northern District of Texas last year. Below left: Senator Chuck Schumer and other Democrats backing the Affordable Care Act in 2018, the year Judge O'Connor invalidated it. The Supreme Court overturned the ruling. Ken Paxton, below right, has been involved in cases before the judge.

LAWRENCE JACKSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
CHRISTOPHER LEE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

From Page A1

where more of the judges are Trump appointees, but very few assign cases the way Northern Texas does. And most fall outside the jurisdiction of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, widely considered to be the country's most conservative appellate court, which hears appeals from Texas, Louisiana and Mississippi.

For years, conservative interest groups and the Texas attorney general's office have filed lawsuits in Northern Texas, taking advantage of the district's unusual case-assignment rules. Now, with Mr. Trump back in office, Judge O'Connor's district has emerged as a destination for the Justice Department, as well.

A spokesman for the Justice Department declined to comment about the practice. Judge O'Connor did not respond to requests for comment.

In quick succession this year, Judge O'Connor has struck down Biden-era rules regarding ghost guns and immigration courts. He has also issued several rapid-fire orders allowing the Trump administration to reach sweeping legal settlements with opponents who appeared to actually share the federal government's ideological goals.

Legal scholars have stressed for years that Democratic administrations and states have also availed themselves of districts with a high concentration of judges seen as more liberal. But many draw a distinction between the more prevalent practice of “forum shopping” — that is, filing in a region where groups of judges have been generally considered friendly — and that of effectively filing directly to an individual judge.

Kevin Wagner, a political science professor at Florida Atlantic University, said the precision of venue shopping in Texas was unusual, having reached the point where litigants could achieve not just a “favorable” venue but even a “predictable” one.

The administration's efforts to get major cases with nationwide consequences in front of Judge O'Connor come even as it condemns other judges for going beyond their remit.

Justice Department officials and Republicans in Congress have taken to calling trial court judges who exercise too much unilateral power “rogue judges.” But those criticisms from Mr. Trump’s supporters about judicial overreach are seldom aimed at judges who issue sweeping rulings that support his agenda.

Assigning major cases by geography as opposed to a random draw “undermines the appearance of impartiality,” said Nancy Gertner, a retired federal judge and a lecturer at Harvard Law School, who has been critical of the Trump administration. She said the recent attacks on the judiciary’s credibility by the political branches made it “all the more important that the standards for case assignment are fair.”

Balls and Strikes

In 2016, he struck down guidance crafted by the Obama administration directing schools to allow transgender students to use bathrooms consistent with their gender identity. In a ruling blocking the rule nationwide, he found any government guidance that included that “the definition of sex includes gender identity” to be illegal.

Judge O'Connor, a 61-year-old former federal prosecutor who spent time as a congressional aide before he was nominated to the bench in 2007, has emerged as a reliable skeptic of federal actions that cut against conservative orthodoxy. In 2015, he issued orders blocking paid family leave for gay couples and striking down a 1960s-era ban on interstate handgun sales.

In 2018, Judge O'Connor invalidated the entirety of the Affordable Care Act, writing that the law amounted to an illegal tax. Even some conservative scholars described the ruling as an overreach, and the Supreme Court later voted, 7 to 2 to overturn it.

In recent years, the Supreme Court has rejected other rulings from Judge O'Connor, including one limiting gun regulations, and another in which he declared that a federal law giving preference to Native American families in adoptions of Native children was unconstitutional.

Born in Texas, Judge O'Connor graduated from the University of Houston and received a law degree from the South Texas College of Law Houston in 1989.

He served nearly a decade as an assistant U.S. attorney in the Northern District of Texas, and was detailed by the Justice Department to serve as counsel to the Senate Judiciary Committee in 2003, advising Senator Orrin Hatch, Republican of Utah and the panel's chairman. In 2005, he was sent to assist an immigration-related subcommittee, this time working under Senator John Cornyn, Republican of Texas.

“Throughout his legal career and time on the federal bench, Judge O'Connor has called balls and strikes to help preserve our independent judiciary and uphold our Constitution, and Texas is better off for it,” Mr. Cornyn said in a statement.

During Judge O'Connor's 2007 confirmation hearing, Senator Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island voiced concern about judicial nominees who he perceived to be feigning independence, only to hand down rulings in line with what he called their “political orthodoxy.”

In response, Judge O'Connor said he would follow in the path of judges who are “loyal only to the Constitution” and “call the cases as they see them.”

A Familiar Bench

Judge O'Connor's recent prominence is tied to how the Northern District of Texas assigns its cases.

Judge O'Connor now serves as the sole federal judge in Wichita Falls, Texas, hearing every case brought in that division. He also covers cases in the Fort Worth division, where for a time he was the only judge.

All cases filed in the Abilene, Lubbock and San Angelo divisions are heard by Judge James Wesley Hendrix, another Trump appointee. And yet another Trump appointee — Judge Matthew J. Kacsmaryk — handles every case in the

Amarillo division. In 2023, Judge Kacs-maryk issued a well-known ruling against the legality of mifepristone, an abortion drug, after an anti-abortion group incorporated in his district a few months before filing the suit there.

Miles T. Armaly, an associate professor of political science at the University of Mississippi who coauthored a study on judge shopping in May, said the district's power and popularity were linked to its position under the Fifth Circuit, which has upheld several of Judge O'Connor's most contested rulings.

Even so, the circuit has jumped ahead of the Supreme Court in scrutinizing others, including rulings on Biden-era pistol brace regulations and a dispute between Elon Musk's social media platform X and the liberal watchdog organization Media Matters.

Even after the Supreme Court's decision last year curtailing the power of individual judges to block federal policies nationwide, Mr. Armaly said, single-judge divisions remain an important tool for litigants with political goals that extend outside the district.

The new limitations on nationwide injunctions took “one of the tools out of the tool kit,” he said, “but the construction project is still the same.”

Particularly under the second Trump administration, the Fifth Circuit has also emerged as a pipeline of contested decisions that the Supreme Court has increasingly been forced to untangle. It also stands out as the most reversed appeals court.

Alexander Gouzoules, an associate professor at the at the University of Missouri School of Law, said the combination of factors in Texas that allows litigants to choose a judge with known views and survive an appeal has increasingly encouraged people seeking an “outlier result” to file there over the past decade.

“Any one of these problems might be solvable on its own,” he said. “But when they’re combined with each other, there is a sort of exponential effect on the kind of destabilizing outcomes it produces.”

Single-judge divisions have sparked bipartisan complaints.

In 2021, a report on patent filings noted that litigants were funneling 20 percent of all patent lawsuits nationwide to a single judge in the Western District of Texas. The study prompted Senator Thom Tillis, Republican of North Carolina, and Senator Patrick Leahy, Democrat of Vermont, to write a letter demanding a review; their concerns were later cited by Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr.

Complaints grew so loud that in March 2024, the Judicial Conference of the United States, the administrative and policy-making arm of the federal judiciary, adopted new, nonbinding policy guidance advising judicial districts to randomly assign cases when major federal policies with nationwide implications were at stake.

"The random case-assignment policy deters judge shopping," said Judge Robert J. Conrad Jr., who heads the federal courts' Administrative Office, in an announcement. "It promotes the impartiality of proceedings and bolsters public confidence in the federal judiciary."

The proposed changes were not well received in Texas.

Two weeks later, the Northern District's chief judge at the time, David C. Godbey, announced that the judges of the district had met and decided not to adopt the change.

Judge O'Connor added his voice later that year, denouncing the Judicial Conference's recommendation as an attack on his district, in a speech to the conservative Federalist Society.

He complained that the conference's comments were hypocritical, criticizing the Justice Department under President Joseph R. Biden Jr. as “a frequent forum shopper.” And he lamented the Judicial Conference’s decision as bowing to “external political criticism” from “so-called commentators and elected political officials” that he said were intent on “undermining the judiciary.”

“Make no mistake about it: This pressure remains,” he said. “It remains a constant source of pressure and will not ease up any time soon.”

The two sides swapped roles this year when Mr. Paxton, who is running for Senate in Texas with Mr. Trump's endorsement, sued the federal government in Wichita Falls in June over a 2024 Biden-era rule that allows immigration judges to suspend some deportation proceedings. America First Legal, a group co-founded by Stephen Miller, a senior White House adviser and the architect of much of Mr. Trump's immigration policy, helped represent Texas.

One-Day Orders

With Mr. Trump's return to the White House, the administration has repeatedly filed crucial matters in Judge O'Connor's divisions.

Again, the two sides were ideologically aligned but formally on opposite sides in a lawsuit. Together, they presented an agreement that removed immigration judges' discretion to block deportations under certain circumstances. On the day the lawsuit was filed, Judge O'Connor signed off on the settlement with a brief order.

Last summer, the Justice Department sued Texas in Wichita Falls, where Judge O'Connor handles every case. The lawsuit challenged a first-of-its-kind Texas law that granted in-state tuition to undocumented students. Texas lawmakers had in recent years tried unsuccessfully to repeal the statute, which was adopted on a bipartisan basis in 2011.

But Judge O'Connor approved the settlement the same day, accepting a contested view that the two-decade-old law was “invalid.” The Fifth Circuit last year declined to block the settlement, but has not yet issued a final ruling on an appeal filed by a group of individuals and nonprofits.

Instead, Ken Paxton, the Republican Texas attorney general and a close ally of Mr. Trump, made no effort to defend the law, instead working with the Justice Department to draw up a hasty legal agreement to strike it down. Outside groups argued that the proposed agreement was an abuse of the court system because the federal government and the state of Texas were on the same side.

"Dirty Pool"

In the case of the hospital subpoena, a Rhode Island state agency filed a new suit asking the federal court in Rhode Island to halt the out-of-state demands from Texas.

After considering the chain of events, Judge Mary McElroy, a Federal District Court judge in Rhode Island, upbraided the Justice Department, accusing its lawyers of a “crusade to obtain transgender children’s medical records,” and of fleeing her court “in favor of a distant forum that D.O.J. deems friendly to its political positions.”

During a hearing, she described the tactic of “shopping” the case to Texas as “dirty pool” and granted a motion to quash the subpoenas.

The Justice Department told her it had good reason to base the investigation in North Texas. In May, Judge O'Connor ruled it was “necessary and prudent” for Rhode Island Hospital to turn over the documents to him personally, in case the Justice Department ultimately prevails at the conclusion of the complicated litigation.

An appeals court for Rhode Island has deferred to Judge O'Connor, for now. Oral arguments in the appellate case are scheduled for October. In the meantime, the hospital has begun turning over records, which it noted would take “a period of months.”

Engineering that outcome, in Judge McElroy's view, is why the Justice Department took the case to Northern Texas in the first place.

“You chose Judge O'Connor in Texas,” she told a Justice Department lawyer in court in May. “Let’s just admit that.”

More National news appears on Page A16.

Americans now bear arms not just for trips into the woods, but also for trips to the store.

The New York Times

Something Has Changed About the U.S. and Guns

Harel Shapira

An associate professor of sociology at the University of Texas at Austin and the author of the forthcoming book “Basic Pistol: Living and Dying by the Gun in America.”

DURING the Covid-19 pandemic, my father told me he was thinking about buying a gun. Like many Americans, he felt a vague but powerful sense that the social order was on the brink of collapse. His nightly news was filled with stories of hospitals at full capacity, empty shelves at grocery stores, gas shortages and Black Lives Matter protests turning violent. My father had lost his trust in the government's and the police's ability to protect him. Increasingly, he feared his fellow Americans.

ALEXIS BEAUCLAIR

At a glance, my father looks like the last guy who'd ever want a gun. He is Jewish, an immigrant, a politically liberal city dweller. He didn't grow up around guns. Most of all, he believed America needed stricter gun control laws. In fact, on many occasions, my father had referred to gun owners as crazy. But I had spent the previous five years studying American gun culture, and I had seen firsthand that my father's position was not so unusual.

The first firearms class I took was in a remote part of central Texas. I had expected to find myself surrounded by men from one of Texas' many red suburbs or rural towns. Instead, all seven of us had made the two-hour drive from Austin, the state's liberal bastion. Even more surprising to me: Four students were women.

All were there because they were worried about their safety. These students didn't seem to want to learn how to shoot a gun; they felt they had no choice but to learn how to shoot a gun. And nationwide, there were many more like them.

The percentage of Americans who own guns has remained mostly stable over the past quarter-century, but the reasons people give for owning them have changed strikingly. Up until the late 1990s, people bought guns primarily for hunting or for sport. In 2023, however, the most recent year for which statistics are available, more than 70 percent of gun owners said that a major reason for their owning a gun was protection. Americans now bear arms not for trips into the woods but for trips to the grocery store or to pick up their children from school.

Those gun owners are an increasingly diverse group. Between 2021 and 2024, 11.2 million Americans bought a gun for the first time. Nearly half were women, a fifth were Black, and another fifth were Hispanic, much closer to the demographics of the nation as a whole than gun owners of the past. In 2000, only a third of Americans believed having a gun at home made people safer. Today, almost twice as many — a significant majority — express this view.

As the number and the demographics of people who own guns have expanded, so too has our legal right to kill someone in self-defense. Historically, Americans' right to use lethal force without a duty to retreat was restricted to defending themselves in their homes. But since 2005, "stand your ground" laws, which expand that right to most public spaces, have spread across the country. In my home state of Texas, you can kill someone if you believe it is necessary to prevent the person from committing other crimes such as sexual assault or robbery. Texas also allows you to kill someone to recover something that person stole from you, if you "reasonably believe" it's the only way to get it back.

Throughout my firearms training, my instructors taught us to shoot only when we think our life or the life of a loved one is in danger and that taking down the “bad guy” is the only viable option. They seemed to be counseling restraint — but the list of circumstances they enumerated as life-threatening was far longer than any I would have drawn up previously. As for holding fire, the reasons I was given were rarely about avoiding a terrible mistake or sparing a life, but rather about sparing myself the financial costs, time and stress of an investigation and legal proceedings that could ensue if I pulled the trigger.

RESEARCHERS AND POLITICIANS on the left often cite statistics showing that guns do not make people safer, or that America's cities are in fact safer now than they have been in a long time. Objectively, these statistics are correct. Research shows that states with higher gun ownership rates usually have higher levels of gun violence; that women who live in a home with a gun face increased risks of violence; that access to firearms greatly increases the risk of suicide, the leading cause of gun death.

What these researchers and politicians don't seem to get — but my firearm instructors certainly did — is that people don't experience the world as a statistic. They don't process risk and safety like a computer.

Owning a gun is an emotional choice, and these days, for more and more kinds of Americans, it feels like empowerment. It feels like taking back control in a chaotic world.

It's a vision of safety as a personal responsibility, not a public good. The political right may have arrived there first, but the left has quickly caught up. It was Kamala Harris, not Donald Trump, who went out of her way during the last presidential election to mention that she owned a Glock and that she would not hesitate to shoot someone who broke into her house.

Seeing all this up close has led me to some ideas that as a liberal academic I would once have considered unthinkable. I still believe it should be harder for people to get their hands on a gun, but to my amazement I now agree with the National Rifle Association that the political left focuses too much on regulation.

For decades, the N.R.A. has said, “Guns don’t kill people, people kill people.” It’s usually referring to criminals or mass shooters

— the “bad guy with a gun” who commits homicide in cold blood. The slogan suggests the problem is not the weapon in this criminal’s hands, but rather the person’s mindset, his intention and the culture of violence and lawlessness that produced it.

Make no mistake, the N.R.A. is not saying so in good faith. It isn't lobbying for policies that could reduce poverty, even though financial desperation can fray communities and push people toward criminal activity, and it isn't lobbying for better access to mental health care, which could help prevent suicides. Addressing either of those factors could do a lot to lessen gun violence without intruding even a millimeter on the Second Amendment. The organization seeks only to shift scrutiny away from the guns, the organization and the politicians and businesses it supports.

But the N.R.A. is right to say that to understand gun violence, we need to look beyond the guns. Limiting people's access to them is, for now at least, a political nonstarter. So instead of pathologizing gun owners or telling them they should not be allowed to have weapons, what if we focused on the broader social conditions and cultural contexts that make people — the bad guys and the good guys, too — feel desperate enough to take their own lives, or scared enough that they feel they need to be ready to kill in order to live?

My father didn't end up buying a gun, and it's in part because of the conversation we had. I started by listening to his concerns and taking them seriously. I didn't talk down to him and I didn't tell him he was wrong. But we talked about how the news media often exaggerates the prevalence of violent crime, and we discussed simpler strategies for keeping safe. That helped him feel more empowered, more in control.

I also told him that through my research about gun owners, I had met many people who turned to guns to feel safer and more empowered but ended up experiencing the opposite. They started to focus more acutely on danger and to see it in more places than they had before.

The more dangerous the world appears to someone with a weapon, the more weapons they may feel they need to have. From the narrow view of a gun sight, danger can appear like a bottomless pit, and safety always out of reach.

China Just Passed a Major Test

Michal Meidan

The head of China energy research at the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies.

WHEN the Iran war began in late February, China looked vulnerable. The world's largest crude oil importer, China in recent years de-- “portel, China in recent years depended on imports for more than 70 percent of its consumption, with around half coming from the Middle East. The throttling of the Strait of Hormuz, months after the United States had disrupted global oil flows from Venezuela, seemed to present Chinese leaders with one of their greatest strategic fears: a crippling oil shock they could not control.

Instead, President Trump's war on Iran has been a welcome revelation for China, which absorbed one of the most severe oil supply disruptions of the modern era, demonstrating that years of preparation had mitigated a huge vulnerability and potential source of U.S. leverage over Beijing in a geopolitical confrontation.

China was self-sufficient in oil until 1993, when the escalating needs of its booming economy turned it into a net importer. Oil imports soared in the years that followed, prompting President Hu Jintao to warn in 2003 that hostile powers could seek to control the Malacca Strait, the sea lane in Southeast Asia through which much of the country's imported oil travels.

Beijing responded with a wide-ranging strategy to reduce that exposure. It diversified supply sources to limit the share of oil coming from the Middle East and began to build up what are now estimated to be the world's largest crude oil stockpiles, roughly equal to those of the United States and Japan combined. China has pushed aggressively to shift passenger cars to electric power from fossil fuels, making it, by far, the world's largest market for electric vehicles today, and it is extending that effort to trucks. Electricity generation relies almost entirely on domestic energy sources such as coal, nuclear, hydro and, increasingly, wind and solar.

That long-term strategy has been put through a real-world stress test by the Iran war — and, so far, it has passed.

The Hormuz disruptions drove oil prices up. But unlike during a 2021 Chinese coal shortage, when the government instructed importers to urgently secure energy supplies, it didn't hit the panic button this time. Flows of oil to China plunged as importers slashed purchases. The country fell back on its stockpiles while restricting exports of transport fuels to keep more at home. Higher fuel prices also appear to have

Beijing's ability to weather the Iran war's oil shock marks its arrival as an energy power.

pushed many Chinese drivers to use public transportation, taxis or ride-hailing services, much of which run on electricity.

As a result, while some governments in Asia were forced to take painful emergency measures such as rationing fuel, raising prices and reducing public services, China's economy was not materially disrupted. Its purchasing restraint in global oil markets also eased pressure on prices, sparing the world an even bigger oil shock and, ironically, softening the domestic political fallout for Mr. Trump by limiting the pain at the U.S. pump.

China's ability to weather the Iran war's oil disruptions came as a surprise to many. It shouldn't have; this is exactly what the government has spent years preparing for. Chinese leaders see energy as a source of national and geopolitical power on par with industrial, technological and military strength. In 2021 they called for China to become an “energy powerhouse” — less reliant on fossil fuels yet still able to provide abundant and reliable power to the economy. Even before the war began in February, Communist Party-controlled media said achieving that goal was critical for China in “gaining the initiative in great-power competition” — an unmistakable reference to the contest with the United States in power-hungry industries like advanced manufacturing, data centers and artificial intelligence.

China's latest energy plan, adopted this year, reflects that ambition. It calls for developing more renewable energy, as well as nuclear and hydropower, while retaining coal — long the backbone of China's power system — as a critical backstop. The country is also investing heavily in new transmission lines to move power from resource-rich regions to the cities and factories that need it, in batteries and other storage capabilities and in grid upgrades to keep electricity supplies steady.

The United States has great energy advantages of its own. It remains the world's unrivaled oil and gas power, with abundant domestic supplies, the capacity to process and export them at enormous scale and large strategic reserves. But its electricity system is struggling to keep pace with rapidly rising demand from a new wave of power-gobbling industries.

For decades, oil leverage seemed to rest with countries that controlled supply — OPEC, Russia and other major exporters, as well as U.S. shale producers — and could move prices by tightening or loosening the taps. The Hormuz crisis has shown that China is becoming a new type of energy power: an oil importer so large that it is able to influence global oil prices and withstand external disruptions.

China's dependence on imported oil remains substantial, but the geopolitics of energy are shifting from control of oil flows to control of electrified industrial systems. China has a clear head start in that transition, one that strengthens its hand in the industrial and strategic competition with the United States.

This Is Looting by Another Name

Francisco Berzunza A Mexican historian.

ROB FARMER

MEXICO CITY

THIS spring, hundreds of thousands of visitors to Mexico City's Museum of Modern Art experienced the ardor of two of Frida Kahlo's masterpieces in a

2. We of Paul Kin's master pieces in a temporary exhibit: "Diego on My Mind," depicting Kahlo with Diego Rivera's portrait emblazoned on her forehead like a third eye, and "Self-Portrait With Monkeys," showing her surrounded by four monkeys amid dense tropical foliage.

It was a rare chance for Mexicans to see these two celebrated paintings at home. For about two decades, they have largely been either out of sight or on display overseas. Soon after the exhibition closed, the two Fridas were on a plane to Spain — with no sense of when they would return for good.

These paintings, alongside works by Rivera, Rufino Tamayo, José Clemente Orozco and other artists who have helped define Mexico's modern visual identity, belong to the Gelman Collection, perhaps the greatest private collection of 20th-century Mexican art in the world.

Early this year, the Spanish bank Santander announced that it had taken over these paintings' long-term management and would relocate them to a cultural center in Spain, despite Mexican heritage laws intended to keep works of major cultural importance in the country. The news caused an uproar in Mexico.

The fight about these priceless works — where they should remain and who can have access to them — is really a battle over cultural patrimony and national sovereignty, and it's one the Mexican government seems to have forfeited. Instead, I, alongside other artists, scholars, lawyers and journalists, have been fighting to keep the collection where it belongs.

I belong to a generation of Mexicans that grew up with Frida Kahlo fatigue, weary of seeing her face plastered everywhere, on keychains, on mugs, on votive candles. She seemed to belong less to us than to the foreigners who loved her more. Then, in 2010, I happened upon a retrospective of her work in Berlin, where I encountered her Gelman paintings for the first time. I had never seen them in person, and they were extraordinary. I understood that Kahlo hadn't become foreign at all; she'd simply painted herself, and a nation, onto the world stage. As she became universal, Mexicans became universal, as well.

But Kahlo, despite her fame, wasn't all that prolific: She created only around 200 works, of which roughly half are in Mexico and only a handful are owned by the Mexican state. Recognizing their national importance, a 1984 presidential decree sought to safeguard public access to the few Kahlo works that remained in Mexico by designating them artistic monuments and barring their permanent export. Alongside other protected works, they can leave the country only temporarily.

Nearly 20 of those Kahlos ended up in the Gelman Collection. Having fled from Europe to Mexico amid the upheavals of World War II, Jacques and Natasha Gelman made a fortune producing films during the golden age of Mexican cinema, at the height of Frida and Diego's fame in the 1930s and 1940s. As the couples became good friends, the Gelmans bought their work, adding it to a growing personal collection that soon spanned hundreds of paintings, drawings and more.

The Gelmans clearly imagined the collection's future as public. Understanding its national significance, Ms. Gelman stipulated in her will that the collection was to remain intact and accessible to the public in a museum or cultural center in Mexico. When she died, in 1998, the executor of her will, the American curator Robert Littman, released a statement in which he acknowledged his responsibility for ensuring that the collection be “exhibited in its entirety at an institution in Mexico, which has to be determined.”

But the collection, under Mr. Littman's supervision and assisted by successive Mexican governments, instead embarked on a long sequence of mostly international exhibitions, generating revenue for a foundation established by Mr. Littman. Over the years, Kahlo's popularity continued to grow, and the collection continued to gain global recognition — and market value. Mr. Littman became embroiled in a series of legal disputes surrounding the collection, amid questions over Ms. Gelman's mental fitness at the end of her life and whether her final wishes were properly carried out. (Those disputes were ultimately resolved in his favor. Mr. Littman's lawyer did not respond to requests for comment.)

Then, in its January announcement, Santander revealed that it would be managing part of the collection, including 10 Kahlo

Some of Mexico's greatest works of art are being held by a foreign bank.

paintings, which it said had already been sold to Marcelo Zambrano, a real estate developer from the northern city of Monterrey, in 2023. The whereabouts of the rest of the collection are unknown.

Per an agreement between Santander and the Zambrano family, the works would be used as collateral for a loan worth at least \$150 million to Mr. Zambrano and have a “permanent, but dynamic” presence at the Santander Foundation’s new museum in Spain, an ocean away from their original home. (In a statement, the Santander Foundation said that the arrangement was “in full compliance with Mexican law.”) Some of the greatest works of art ever made in Mexico are being held, quite literally, as security by a foreign bank.

Even more scandalous is the fact that the Mexican government, which is responsible for safeguarding such monuments, facilitated the operation. Just one day before the bank approved the loan, the head of Mexico's National Institute of Fine Arts and Literature signed a renewable five-year agreement with Santander and the Zambranos to oversee the international display of the protected works, in an arrangement a Santander official described as "flexible."

Although Mexican government and bank officials insist these paintings will return to Mexico in 2028, there is no legal obligation to keep them in the country long term, nothing to prevent authorities from issuing one temporary export permit after another. President Claudia Sheinbaum's government, which presents itself as the defender of Mexico's sovereignty, seems perfectly willing to surrender a matter of national concern to foreign interests.

This shouldn't come as a surprise to observers of Morena, Mexico's governing party. For much of the 20th century, the state operated as Mexico's greatest cultural patron — building museums, commissioning art and assembling collections. But Morena has made clear, through routine slashes of the country's arts and culture budget, that it is not interested in playing that role. The International Committee for Museums and Collections of Modern Art recently expressed “serious doubts” about the Mexican state's “ability to guarantee the conservation and access to heritage, even if there are laws specially designed to safeguard it.”

If Mexico allows these works to be permanently exiled across the Atlantic, it will be diminished in the eyes of the world. Is our history so easily fragmented and reduced to financial assets? Are we so powerless to protect our own heritage? How can we claim geopolitical strength if we are incapable of keeping our own treasures?

Kahlo's story doesn't have to end this way. Mexico's government might have abdicated its role as a cultural steward, but Mexico's civil society can and must step up and provide the resources, institutions and imagination necessary to protect works of national importance.

Frida Kahlo took what was most private — her body, her pain, her love, her obsessions — and painted it into works in which millions came to recognize themselves. She belongs to the world, indeed. But she belongs, first and foremost, to Mexico.

LETTERS

ICE's 'Arbitrary, Cruel' Treatment of Haitians

TO THE EDITOR:

Re “Devices Have Haitians in Ohio Feeling Shaken and Shackled” (front page, Aug. 23):

Where is the outrage? More than 100 Haitians living in Springfield, Ohio, are now wearing ICE-issued ankle monitors 24 hours a day. The monitors, bulky and constantly blinking, act more like shackles.

The article tells the story of Jonas Julien, a 35-year-old Haitian man who is a husband and father. Mr. Julien was given Temporary Protected Status — now ended by the Trump administration — with an asylum petition and approved work permit until 2029. Mr. Julien is law-abiding and works 12-hour shifts at his job.

Our nation was founded and built largely on slave labor. We shackled millions of Africans and packed them like sardines in “coffin ships,” where up to one-third died in transport. Now our ICE agents turn to the shackles again.

The explicit message to our Haitian community is: You are unwelcome, unworthy of human dignity and dangerous. Our president and his hateful minions follow a tried and true formula: Denigrate the immigrants' culture and vilify them. Claim that they are dirty and carry diseases, that they will eat your pets, steal your jobs and hurt your family, and that their religious beliefs are evil.

What has happened to us that we have become so hardened to these daily injustices and the way our government treats others so inhumanely?

been paying a private prison giant, GEO Group, to drastically increase the number of immigrants subjected to 24-hour GPS monitoring.

Last summer, ICE secretly adopted a new rule directing personnel to slap GPS monitors on immigrants “whenever possible.” Since then, nearly 50,000 people have been forced into a system of constant electronic surveillance. It’s an arbitrary, cruel and costly extension of the administration’s for-profit detention playbook.

As immigration attorneys, we've seen the consequences of these devices. Our clients regularly report burns, shocks and bruises. The devices are also prone to malfunction, interfering with work schedules and leaving people in a constant state of fear that they'll be found noncompliant and possibly detained. One of our clients, a pregnant woman who worked as a cleaner, was fired because of the stigma of her ankle monitor.

GPS monitors are ICE's most expensive and intrusive form of supervision. The administration's expanded use of these devices with no individualized justification benefits no one — except for the private prison companies raking in the profits.

SARAH DECKER F. EVAN BENZ WASHINGTON

MICHAEL J. BLYTH STATEN ISLAND

TO THE EDITOR:

TO THE EDITOR: Haitian residents of Springfield, Ohio, aren't the only ones being shackled with ankle monitors. Since 2025, the Trump administration has

Renaming Lake Ontario

TO THE EDITOR:

Re “Trump Orders Lake Ontario to Be Named Lake America” (news article, Aug. 28):

President Trump has re- named Lake Ontario, calling it Lake America. But he picked the wrong shared body of U.S.-Canadian water to re- name. If he really wanted to aptly leave his mark, he should have renamed Niagara Falls. America Falls!

Ms. Decker is a senior staff attorney at the Robert & Ethel Kennedy Human Rights Center. Mr. Benz is a managing attorney at the Amica Center for Immigrant Rights. Their organizations have filed a class action lawsuit challenging the use of GPS monitors.

ASHLEY ADAMS ROSLINDALE, MASS.

The Times welcomes letters from readers. Letters must include the writer's name, address and telephone number. Those selected may be edited, and shortened to fit allotted space. Email: letters@nytimes.com

Democrats, Rebrand

TO THE EDITOR:

Re “In a Florida Upset, Door Knockers Lift the Left” (front page, Aug. 20):

Angie Nixon's primary victory in Florida shows the power of old-fashioned organizing. When voters know who the candidate is and what is at stake in an election, labels lose some of their sting.

But a primary is not a general election. Democrats still have a branding problem, and it keeps costing them. Phrases like “defund the police” and “democratic socialism” may have started as policy shorthand, but too often they have become political liabilities: easy to distort, hard to defend and unlikely to win over voters Democrats need to persuade.

So call me a Social Justice Democrat — someone who believes that fairness, human rights and equity can strengthen, not replace, a capitalist economy.

MICHELLE SCHIMEL PORT WASHINGTON, N.Y. The writer was a member of the New York State Assembly from 2007 to 2016.

Big Food Is Winning the War for America's Diet

Lindsey Smith Taillie

A professor of nutrition at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and a director of the U.N.C. Global Food Research Program.

A S A nutrition scientist, I was thrilled when I heard that the federal government was set to publish a definition of ultraprocessed foods this month. As many legislators have told me, the lack of a standardized definition is the biggest barrier to regulating ultraprocessed foods — like ice cream, soda and cookies — which make up more than half our diets and are linked to Type 2 diabetes, heart disease and dementia. A federal definition would create the foundation for policy that could reshape Americans' diets and health.

Releasing the definition would have been a major win for Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s Make America Healthy Again movement — though many Americans could have applauded the move whether or not they agreed with Mr. Kennedy's broader agenda.

But instead of releasing the definition on the expected day, the government announced that it had been sent to the Office of Management and Budget for review. This can be either the last step before a policy becomes official or a public health purgatory where it stalls indefinitely. Given the food industry's prior success at delaying rules at this stage, I worry that in this case it will be the latter.

Indeed, it appears the food industry was the culprit behind this last-minute change of plans. Bloomberg News reported that major food company executives argued to the White House that releasing a definition of ultraprocessed foods would confuse customers and increase grocery costs — a claim that is far from certain. The Consumer Brands Association, a top industry lobbying group, said in a written statement: “We are confident that this definition won't move forward once the president is made aware of it and the disastrous consequences it will have on his affordability agenda."

Just last year, we saw the food industry forestall regulations by using a seemingly similar strategy. The U.S. Department of Agriculture was poised to issue tougher rules to reduce salmonella contamination in raw poultry — until meat industry groups asked President Trump to withdraw the proposal, claiming it would raise food prices. The U.S.D.A. complied a few months later.

These events showcase a unique tension between health agencies, Mr. Kennedy's MAHA agenda and a president who favors industry deregulation. Mr. Kennedy has named ultraprocessed foods as a root driver of chronic illness and called for an overhaul of the American food system. He has promised multiple times, including on Joe Rogan's podcast and in congressional testimony, that the federal government would release a definition of ultraprocessed foods, to be followed by policies like front-of-package labeling. Achieving those goals would require regulating the food industry, clashing with Mr. Trump's anti-regulatory agenda and the administration's steep staffing cuts to the Food and Drug Administration and the U.S.D.A., the agencies responsible for creating and putting into effect new food rules.

The food industry is using tactics here that are similar to those they have used for decades. Companies have aggressively lobbied to block states from creating their own definitions of ultraprocessed foods, calling instead for a national standard — no doubt because the industry knows federal enforcement is often slower and easier to influence. The industry is likely to bring lawsuits over any legal definition. In late July, an investigation by Lighthouse Reports found that since 2010, food companies have filed 239 lawsuits in six countries, including the

PHOTO ILLUSTRATION BY ROB FROGOSO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Trump's dislike for regulation clashes with MAHA.

United States, against policies like front-of-package labeling and restrictions on junk food marketing to children. The industry has spent some \$1.15 billion over 23 years on federal lobbying — more than tobacco, alcohol or gambling — and donated major sums to campaigns on both sides of the aisle.

These actions can create a chilling effect on policymakers, who may not want to alienate donors or deal with expensive legal fights.

The companies contend that singling out foods based on how much they are processed would lead to the government targeting some traditionally healthy products such as hummus, yogurt and bread. They would prefer it if instead regulations focused on the amount of sugar, salt or refined carbohydrates in foods — in which case, they could avoid penalties by making tweaks to existing food formulations, rather than creating entirely different products.

There are reasonable solutions to this co-nundrum. In May, an independent panel of food experts, which I jointly chaired, recommended classifying ultraprocessed foods based on whether they contain industrial ingredients almost never found in a home kitchen — while carving out exemptions for foods like whole grain breads that meet strict nutritional criteria. This approach works because it identifies ultraprocessed foods using information already available on food packages, and — crucial for addressing industry arguments — allows for truly healthy products to be exempt from regulations that follow.

Right now, Big Food is stalling serious food reform through lobbying. But there is still hope that we can win the battle for our diets. Polling shows that a majority of Americans, Republicans and Democrats alike, support action on ultraprocessed foods, such as clearer front-of-package labels, restrictions on marketing to kids and reduced availability in schools. The MAHA movement has demonstrated the demand for better food standards. The federal government should finalize and publish a strong, science-based definition of ultraprocessed foods. Barring executive action, Congress should move to pass its own definition.

Such a move would be a critical first step toward improving American diets.

2026 Election

FREDERIC J. BROWN/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
BRIAN SNYDER/REUTERS

HANNAH SCHOENBAUM/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Voting drop boxes in, clockwise from top left, Boston; Los Angeles County; Southfield, Mich.; and Salt Lake City. Even if permitted to proceed with new rules, it is unclear the Postal Service would have time to carry out the plan ahead of the coming election.
EMILY ELCONIN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Postal Service Could Narrow Mail-In Voting

Judge Temporarily Blocks Rule Prone To Skewing Vote

By REID J. EPSTEIN

WASHINGTON — Voting by mail would become much more difficult, if not impossible, for tens of millions of Americans if the U.S. Postal Service is allowed to carry out a restrictive rule governing mail voting that President Trump has demanded.

The effects would likely be greater for Democratic voters, who vote by mail in higher numbers than Republicans, and in states where mail voting is universal or nearly so. Mail voting may not happen at all in states that resist the Trump administration's demands for voter data.

The rule would particularly affect people in rural areas and older voters, who tend to cast ballots by mail in greater numbers. It could also deeply affect states where some of the most competitive races for House, Senate and governor will determine control of Congress and state governments.

Michigan, where 37 percent of votes were cast by mail in 2022, would be one epicenter, with hard-fought statewide contests and multiple battleground House races. California, which mails ballots to all voters, is expected to be central to Democratic efforts to win a majority in the House.

The rule is being challenged in several lawsuits, and it is on hold temporarily following a federal judge's ruling on Thursday. The administration is appealing. Even if the Postal Service is permitted to proceed, it is unclear that it would have time to carry out the plan ahead of an election that is fewer than 70 days away.

For instance, the rule requires states to upload a list of voters to a federal mail ballot portal that is not yet online. Nearly two dozen Democratic-led states and Washington, D.C., have sued to block the proposed rule and said they will not comply with it.

If the agency were to move ahead, state and local officials would shoulder enormous costs in what would need to be a herculean effort to prepare election offices and educate voters in time for the midterm elections in November.

The most dramatic aspect of the proposed rule is a plan to deny services for election mail entirely in states that do not turn over voter data, which federal officials say they want to use to identify noncitizens on state voter rolls. The policy would upend mail voting in any state that does not comply, but the effects would be measurably greater in the smaller number of states that rely heavily on mail voting.

More than one in three Democrats voted by mail in 2024, compared with about one in four Republicans, according to estimates by the States United Democracy Center, which examined voting data in 32 states where it was available.

"It's not that complicated," said Marc Elias, the Democratic election lawyer, who said the new policy was a blatant effort to disenfranchise Democrats. "The administration knows that Democrats are more likely to vote by mail than Republicans. Donald Trump has demonized voting by mail and made that differential even greater."

Injecting Chaos

It is far from certain that the rule could be enacted this year, given outstanding legal and logistical challenges with fewer than 10 weeks before Election Day. North Carolina, where a highly competitive Senate race could help determine control of the chamber, is set to mail ballots to some voters starting next week. More states will soon follow.

President Trump, who voted by mail himself in Florida's primary this month, created the current uncertainty by signing an executive order in March that called on the Department of Homeland Security to compile state-by-state citizenship lists that could be used to help determine voter eligibility.

Last week, the Supreme Court ruled that the lawsuit was premature because the Postal Service had not yet finalized its rule. Now that the agency has done so, though, and a lower court has weighed in, the justices will likely be asked to rule again in the coming weeks, this time on the constitutionality of the plan.

Elections officials from both parties have said that forcing the counties and municipalities that run the nation's elections to carry out new rules in such a short time frame would inject chaos into the nation's voting processes and could halt mail voting altogether.

Small-town clerks would have to purchase new machines to print the bar codes required under the new rule. All mail ballots — including some that in the past may have been hand-delivered from a local elections official to the local post office — would now have to be routed through a big-city mail sorting center, since only major hubs are able to process the new bar codes.

"People need to understand the changing of an election is somewhat like changing the course of an aircraft carrier. You can't do it on short notice," said Alan Hays, a supervisor of elections and a Republican in Lake County, Fla., where Mr. Trump received 62 percent of the vote in 2024. "Putting such an awesome responsibility on the U.S. Postal Service, with the track record that organization has, on such a short notice is unwise at best."

The effects would vary across jurisdictions.

In Wisconsin, throwing a wrench into mail voting would cause far more chaos in the state's rural communities than in its more liberal cities, said Ann Jacobs, a Democratic member of the Wisconsin Elections Commission.

Cities would be able to extend in-person early-voting hours to accommodate a decrease in mail voting, while the state's far-flung townships would likely have fewer resources and staff to extend voting hours.

“We have clerks who are running the elections out of their homes until Election Day,” Ms. Jacobs said.

Michigan: a Case Study

No state in the country is home to more critical elections this year or a wider partisan gap in mail voting than Michigan.

The state will administer one of the nation's most competitive Senate races, a contest that is critical to Democratic hopes of taking back control of the chamber. It also has what is expected to be hard-fought, open-seat elections for governor and other statewide offices, along with four battleground House races. Majority control of both chambers of the narrowly divided Michigan Legislature is also up for grabs.

Nearly 2 million Michiganders are now on the state's permanent mail voting list, meaning that each election, officials automatically mail them ballots. And while Michigan voters do not register by party, there is a sizable gap between the number of votes for Democratic candidates and those for Republicans that are processed by mail, according to an analysis by the MIT Election Data and Science Lab.

In the last midterm election in 2022, about 57 percent of ballots cast for Democrats arrived by mail, compared with just 37 percent ballots cast for Republicans, MIT found. The gap was more pronounced in 2024, when Mr. Trump was on the ballot and regularly denounced mail voting on the campaign trail. That year, 60 percent of votes for then-Vice President Kamala Harris arrived by mail, compared with 34 percent of votes for Mr. Trump.

"Anything that obstructs a voter's ability to vote hurts Democrats in Michigan," said Lon Johnson, a former chairman of the Michigan Democratic Party. "The more complications you have, the more people become suspect, the more they fall into Trump's line of argument that voting and democracy is a system can be rigged."

Jim Runestad, a state senator and the chairman of the Michigan Republican Party, said he was not aware of any discussions with Republican campaigns in the state about how they might alter their get-out-the-vote strategy if the rules on mail ballots changed before Election Day.

Mr. Runestad, who said he receives his ballot in the mail and typically returns it to his municipal clerk's office, said he would prefer that people be required to vote in person on Election Day.

"I know that Republicans are more and more turning to mail-in voting in much larger numbers than they ever have before," he said. "What ought to be of concern across the board for everyone is to make sure that there is no mischief."

The effects could also be profound in the eight states, as well as Washington, D.C., that mail ballots to all voters. Washington State has done away with in-person voting entirely. Once voters receive their ballots in the mail, they can either deposit them in a drop box, drop them at a voting center or send them back through the Postal Service.

Even in states that still offer polling locations, Mr. Trump's rules could foment chaos for election administrators who have built systems around mail ballotting. Confusion is likely among voters who have not visited a polling place in years.

In Arizona, where about 80 percent of voters received mail ballots in the last midterm election in 2022, Adrian Fontes, the secretary of state, said he was planning for as much as 85 percent this year. Mr. Fontes, a Democrat, predicted that restricting mail voting in Arizona would create a backlash from Republican retirees who have long voted by mail.

The MIT analysis found that an estimated 62 percent of Arizona Republicans voted by mail in 2024, compared with 75 percent of Democrats.

“Arizona would no longer be a battleground state,” said Mr. Fontes, who is up for re-election this year. “It would turn deep, dark blue. Mail voting was created by Republicans, promoted by Republicans, advanced by Republicans and that’s how Republican voters like to vote. You think they want that convenience and that security taken away from them? Hell no.”

Most Democrats Seem To Dodge One Issue: Trans Rights. Not Him.

Vocal Defender in a Massachusetts Senator

By REID J. EPSTEIN

WASHINGTON — Senator Ed Markey of Massachusetts might be the only high-profile Democrat in America eagerly campaigning as a supporter of transgender rights.

Even as many other top Democrats have grown cagey on the issue, Mr. Markey is offering a passionate defense of transgender athletes as he runs in a primary contest on Tuesday against Representative Seth Moulton, a more moderate challenger.

Mr. Markey has argued in particular that Mr. Moulton “threw trans kids under the bus” when, shortly after the 2024 election, the congressman attributed Democrats’ defeat in part to their position on transgender issues. Mr. Moulton long defended his remarks but expressed some contrition for them this month.

“Trans athletes should be able to play,” Mr. Markey said in an interview this past week. “That reflects Massachusetts and who we are. And Seth Moulton does not.”

Mr. Markey, 80, has staked out his ardent pro-trans rights position at a moment when the rest of his party is grappling with the issue, which President Trump and other Republicans have used as a cultural wedge. Ambitious younger Democrats who are likely to run for president — including Gov. Gavin Newsom of California and Pete Buttigieg, the former transportation secretary — have edged away from defending the participation of transgender athletes in women's and girls' sports.

Other prominent Democrats have sought to defuse the issue by not talking about it or punting responsibility while trying to pivot to more favorable issues like the economy.

Mr. Markey has leaned in. He is, according to Charlotte Clymer, a liberal activist and strategist who is transgender and supports the senator, “the only one who is really talking about this front and center.”

Mr. Markey said that transgender rights had “become a defining issue in this race because Massachusetts voters believe it’s disqualifying if you don’t stand up for human rights everywhere and all the time,” adding, “I believe you can be right, but too soon.”

Backlash, and Apology

The senator's forceful message on trans rights has been fueled by the comments made by Mr. Moulton, who had largely been seen as an ally of L.G.B.T.Q. groups, the day after the 2024 election.

“Democrats spend way too much time trying not to offend anyone rather than being brutally honest about the challenges many Americans face,” Mr. Moulton told The New York Times. “I have two little girls, I don’t want them getting run over on a playing field by a male or formerly male athlete, but as a Democrat I’m supposed to be afraid to say that.”

There was an immediate back-lash.

Mr. Moulton's campaign manager resigned. A city councilor in his hometown hosted a rally in opposition. Mr. Moulton defended his remarks and clashed on the issue with Gov. Maura Healey, the state's first L.G.B.T.Q. governor. He wrote an opinion essay for The Washington Post under the headline, "I'm done with Democratic purity tests."

The drama cemented Mr. Moulton's image as a Democrat willing to buck his own party. He first came to Congress after ousting a longtime incumbent in 2014. Four years later, he led a group of House Democrats who tried and failed to block Representative Nancy Pelosi from becoming House speaker.

So when Mr. Moulton, 47, entered the Senate race last year, he argued that Mr. Markey was too old to seek another six years in Washington — especially when Democrats are still haunted by President Joseph R. Biden Jr.'s failed re-election bid. Mr. Markey and his allies made Mr. Moulton's remarks about trans rights a centerpiece of their attacks against him.

Mr. Moulton has since cosponsored congressional legislation known as the transgender bill of rights, of which Mr. Markey is the original author. At a debate this month, Mr. Moulton also issued a qualified apology for his comments after the 2024 election.

“I deeply recognize your trauma,” he said, addressing “the trans community feeling the weight and the pain” of the Trump administration’s policies. “And I’m sorry if my comments hurt you.”

In an interview two weeks ago, Mr. Moulton said that despite that apology, he was not sorry for the substance of his earlier remarks. He said that Democrats should acknowledge that voters do not want a full integration of trans athletes into youth sports.

"There are a lot of people who agree with Democrats that trans people should be protected, have full rights, and should be able to serve in the military," he said. "But when it comes to competitive sports, they feel uncomfortable. And our party's message to those people has been: You are wrong and you're a terrible person."

He blamed Mr. Markey for injecting a divisive social issue into the primary campaign.

“Markey has tried to weaponize this issue and trans people, using them as a political football to divide voters just like the Republicans are,” Mr. Moulton said.

When asked to name the highest-profile transgender person supporting his campaign, he demurred.

“I don’t know how to answer that question, exactly,” he said. “I know there’s a number of trans people who are involved.”

Beyond State Lines

Dallas Ducar, a Markey supporter who founded a transgender health care clinic in Northampton, Mass., said the senator's position on trans rights was a signal that he was the progressive in the race.

"He is speaking to the around 70-plus percent of Democrats that know and understand that trans people are morally legitimate and

MEL MUSTO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

ERIC LEE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

From top, Senator Ed Markey of Massachusetts and Representative Seth Moulton, who attributed Democrats' defeat in part to transgender issues.

deserving of their civil rights," said Ms. Ducar, who is transgender. "If people were asking the same question about civil rights in the 1960s and '70s, I'd want to be on the side of the progressives."

The available polling suggests Mr. Markey is favored in the primary race. Even Mr. Moulton acknowledged that he was behind, but he said he was counting on a comeback in the campaign's final days.

The winner of the primary will be a heavy favorite in the general election in deep-blue Massachusetts.

Mr. Moulton urged Massachusetts Democrats to think beyond their state lines. He said the state should elect a senator who could appeal to the rest of the country to help the party build a governing majority in Washington.

He argued that it would not advance the progressive cause to have the Democratic Party branded as enthusiastically supportive of trans athletes in sports, when polls suggest that the American public believes differently.

“We need to think more about the entire Democratic team, because we’re in the minority,” Mr. Moulton said. “A lot of politics has become a purity test these days, but I’m not sure that’s good for the party or the country. We’re a democracy. We should be able to have discussions.”

2 WHEELS

Microcars are underpowered and might need frequent repairs, but they also provide whimsy and fuel economy.

5 INTERNATIONAL The Treasury has barred reporters from three major news outlets from this week's Group of 20 meeting.

The new college student aid form is quicker to complete and to estimate aid eligibility, according to early reports.

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The New York Times

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MONDAY, AUGUST 31, 2026 B1

Erecting a new capital city for 50 million people is a vast undertaking in urban planning.

The construction site for a tech hub labeled “Quantum Valley” in Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India. The chief minister of Andhra Pradesh has 25,000 workers building his dream capital with waterways, bike lanes and high-rises.
PRIYADARSHINI RAVICHANDRAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Building India's City of the Future

By MUJIB MASHAL and HARI KUMAR

AMARAVATI, ANDHRA PRADESH — In one corner of the vast construction site, engineers are rerouting water into miles of canals that will spread like arteries around the new urban space.

In another, workers in hard hats are pouring concrete for a state-of-the-art building that will soon host India's largest quantum computer — part of a broader project labeled “The Quantum Valley.”

Here, on what used to be banana groves and vegetable fields on the banks of the sacred River Krishna, the ambition of building India's most livable city of the future is taking shape.

Erecting Amaravati as the new capital city for Andhra Pradesh, a state of 50 million people in India's south, is an enormous task — the largest such exercise in urban planning in independent India. The country's track record brings little confidence. Its major cities, marked by inadequate infrastructure and increasing pollution, have become notorious for failing to meet the needs of their massive populations.

The man who has taken it upon himself to change that is N. Chandrababu Naidu, the state's 76-year-old chief minister. He has an obsessive eye for detail and a history of delivering projects of transformational scale. But he has also had setbacks, losing control of another state capital he helped

For N. Chandrababu Naidu, 76, chief minister of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati is about legacy and redemption.

build decades ago, along with legal battles and a stretch in the political wilderness.

Mr. Naidu has won the support of India's powerful prime minister, Narendra Modi. He has set construction timelines in an effort to make the project an irreversible reality by the time his party faces re-election in 2029.

More than 25,000 people are working at the site on any given day, building a design by Norman CONTINUED ON PAGE B5

Venezuelan Oil Deal Relies on Divisive Partner

By Rebecca F. Elliott, Anatoly Kurmanaev and Edward Wong

The Trump administration's highly unusual deal to develop Venezuela's vast oil resources would have the U.S. government collaborate with an influential and polarizing Venezuelan businessman.

Under the deal that President Trump announced late Friday, the United States would work with Alejandro Betancourt López, whose family controls Venezuela's second largest private oil producer, North American Blue Energy Partners, according to four people familiar with the arrangement.

The federal government is expected to back the development of a significant portion of Venezuela's proven oil reserves through the Pentagon's Office of Strategic Capital, while Mr. Betancourt's company would lead operations, three of the people said. The deal covers 17 oil fields spread across Venezuela.

Venezuela's president, Delcy Rodríguez, backed the deal, saying in a statement late Friday that it would have a “significant im-CONTINUED ON PAGE B5

ADRIANA LOUREIRO FERNANDEZ FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Mismanagement, corruption and U.S. sanctions have impeded Venezuela's production of oil, despite vast reserves.

On Inflation, Warsh Faces Rate Riddle

By COLBY SMITH

JACKSON, WYO. — Kevin M. Warsh cleared a crucial hurdle at his first appearance as the Federal Reserve's chairman at its annual conference in Jackson.

He offered his most comprehensive views to date about the state of the economy. He cleared up confusion about the central bank's commitment to getting inflation down to its 2 percent target after sending mixed messages the month prior. And he acknowledged that the Fed might have "work to do" to make good on that pledge, suggesting a readiness to raise interest rates if price pressures do not ease.

But the path ahead for Mr. Warsh is precarious. Financial markets now see a quarter-point increase at the central bank's next meeting on Sept. 15-16 as more likely than not, leaving Mr. Warsh with a tough decision whether to follow through with action. CONTINUED ON PAGE B4

Fly Deadly To Livestock Resurfaces

By KEVIN DRAPER

In early June, a South Texas rancher detected a case of the New World screwworm fly in cattle in the United States, the first in decades.

In the nearly three months since, 46 more cases have been detected. The fly has been found in cattle, sheep, goats and a handful of dogs across 18 counties in two states. The Agriculture Department is spending more than \$1 billion to fight the fly's reappearance. The flies, however, have been evading those detection efforts.

One of the department's key tools is a sticky flytrap that allows the agency to monitor flies across a vast area. But despite deploying more than 128 screwworm-specific traps and 8,000 exotic fruit fly traps, the agency has yet to catch a single wild screwworm fly — crucial to determining where the outbreak is coming from, accord-CONTINUED ON PAGE B4

AUTOMOTIVE

Tiny, With Enviable Smiles Per Gallon

Microcars are underpowered, noisy and sometimes smoky, but the ‘struggle is what makes it fun.’

DREW SHEPARDSON

PETER TENN

Wheels

By MERCEDES LILIENTHAL

Somewhere between a Matchbox car and your daily driver sits a perfect balance of whimsy and fuel economy.

Microcars are (yes, tiny) lightweight vehicles for economical urban commuting. There's no global definition, but the specs generally go like this: They can seat up to four passengers; they have at least three wheels (otherwise we'd probably be talking about motorcycles); weight limits may depend on legal classifications, but generally they're under 500 kilograms (roughly 1,100 pounds); and their engines are under 700 cubic centimeters, which means they might get 70 miles per gallon or better.

In Portland, Ore., Mark Hatten is the founder of a one-man automotive repair shop, MPH Specialties.

He caught the microcar bug by chance three decades ago. “I was given a 1966 Subaru 360 sedan by a good Japanese friend,” he said. His friend’s work visa was up, and he had to return to Japan. “I could have the car for free, as long as he got to ride in it when he returned 10 years later.”

It sat for eight years. “I didn’t know how to fix it,” Mr. Hatten said. “I thought our relationship would cease.” But he got to work. He found used parts to rebuild the engine; he fixed the brakes. “Once it was driving, it was the most fun car ever,” he said, and added, “I still drive it today, 34 years later.”

There is nothing else like a microcar: "They're challenging and quirky," said Mr. Hatten, who plays unicycle hockey in his spare time. "Check your ego at the door."

They're rare on city streets, and for some good reasons. But still, Mr. Hatten has lost count of how many microcars he owns. "I'm always fixing them," he said, and "they're fragile and easily broken." He added, "Every drive is a race to keep up with traffic." When they work, however, it gives Mr. Hatten a "hit rush of satisfaction."

Microcars are the stars of his YouTube channel — he has his 11 Subaru 360 Super Deluxe cars and a 1962 Messerschmitt KR200 with a bubble top. “I like making people’s heads explode, then drive away,” he said.

They are not for the faint of heart, and it helps if you're good with a wrench. They're underpowered, noisy and sometimes smoky, and they may not have heat or wipers. "The struggle is what makes it fun," Mr. Hatten said.

He is quick to tip his hat to other devotees, too, including personal collectors or those with significant collections. Charles Gould and his Matchbox Motors Microcar, Minicar & Motorcycle Museum in Massachusetts and the Midwest Micro Car Museum in Wisconsin have helped pave the way for many microcar enthusiasts.

In Battle Ground, Wash., Damian Donesky, 38, restored a 1958 BMW Isetta microcar passed down within his family from his great-grandparents. His tiny transporter, Constanteny, was nicknamed after his great-grandfather Constantine. The Isetta has been in the family since the early '60s.

Mr. Donesky, a product designer for Rough Country, which makes aftermarket products for trucks and Jeeps, called himself a longtime “car nerd.”

Mr. Donesky became a mechanic and has preserved his family's automotive treasures. "I have three cars from the family," he said — "my dad's 1952 Willys M38 Army jeep, my great-grandparents' BMW Isetta and BMW 700.

"As a child I used to play on the Isetta outside my great-grandparents' house. I always loved that car, but never really thought I would own it."

His great-uncle passed the Isetta to Mr. Donesky. In 2020, during the pandemic, Mr. Donesky had months of leave for his first child's birth. He started a restoration project, enlisting help from the Isetta Owners Club of Great Britain and Isettas R Us.

Damian Donesky's restored 1958 BMW Isetta, named Constanteeny after his great-grandfather, was an honorary pace car at Portland International Raceway, above left. Todd Hill in his garage, right. He says he doesn't like working on cars, but his “objectively terrible” 1980 Austin Mini is “fun to be in and around.” Below left, Mr. Donesky's BMW Isetta at the Weird & Wacky Car Show. Mr. Hill's Mini, bottom right, which he says can fit four people, corners well, and, despite its lack of speed, feels plenty fast.

'Microcars make larger cars feel excessive.'

Todd Hill, who says a perk of having his minicar is saving on fuel costs with a gas tank that is only five and a half gallons.

Mr. Donesky did the bulk of the drivetrain assembly on the kitchen counter. "My wife didn't want me out in the shop all day after the birth of our first baby and suggested I come inside and work on it," he said. The car was ready in 2022.

The Isetta has one notably quirky feature: Its one door is at the front. That's not all that's unusual. "It shifts with the left hand," Mr. Donesky said, "the shift pattern is backwards. It stops fine, steers OK and moves reasonably well with 13 horsepower."

Mr. Donesky runs a small local race team, Team Fieroline, and competes in the Lucky Dog Racing League. The league's founder, Cathy Fuss, asked if the team would bring the Isetta to Portland International Raceway, in

Oregon, to be an honorary member of the pace car team there. They accepted. Heads turned when the car was on the track.

For Todd Hill, a project engineering manager for a major automaker who lives in New Jersey, the path to microcar ownership was also through a friend. He thought old Minis were cool, but found the idea of owning one intimidating. But during the pandemic, a faraway friend sold him his 1980 Austin Mini.

It helped to know the seller.

The Mini has right-hand drive, but Mr. Hill said he had found that it was “not only fun to drive, it was fun to be in and around — the tiny size and cheerful design make everyone smile.”

"I didn't really want to fix up an old car," Mr. Hill added, "but the engine died, and one thing led to another. I ended up rebuilding much of the car."

Mr. Hill doesn't necessarily enjoy working on cars. His Mini isn't his only vehicle. That adds flexibility when addressing issues. "I didn't set out to rescue anything," he said. "But in my case, when it broke, I had no choice but to fix it."

“Microcars make larger cars feel excessive,” he said, and while they might not be able to keep pace on interstates, “the tiny size makes parking simple.” There’s another perk in this era of high gasoline prices. “My gas tank is only five and a half gallons,” he added.

Mr. Hill acknowledges his Mini is an "objectively terrible car." But what else is “troublesome and needs lots of tending to?” he asked. “Puppies. Boy, oh boy, are they loads of fun.”

Mr. Hill puts it in terms of “smiles per gallon”: “Will it fit on the sidewalk?” he said. “Yes. Will it fit in the shopping cart return? Yes, with room to spare. Does it corner well? Yes. Does it feel fast? Yes. Very fast. Is it fast? No. Does that matter? Also, no.”

Diminutive dimensions make it as big and heavy as a refrigerator. “It can fit four people,” Mr. Hill said, but joked, “Unlike stuffing them in the refrigerator, they’d be alive.”

This is proof that good things come in small packages. “It’ll even mark its territory” with leaking fluids, Mr. Hill quipped, “just like a puppy. It’s just harder to clean up.”

MERCEDES LILIENTHAL

TODD HILL

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Music Industry Deals With Handling A.I.

By BRENT CRANE

DealBook/

The comedian Bill Stiteler didn't follow a conventional path to pop music stardom. In fact, he doesn't really see himself as a musician at all.

A couple of years ago, Stiteler began creating jokey “realistic walk-up songs” for Major League Baseball players using Suno, an artificial intelligence music generator. The clips helped boost his follower count on Instagram. But his first certifiable hit came when he applied the same irreverent tone to travel and asked Suno to compose a song about a vacation trip.

His A.I.-assisted ode to an island, “The Puerto Rico Song,” has nearly 20 million Spotify streams, millions of views on YouTube and a licensing deal that earns him royalties (he won’t disclose dollar amounts). In June, Puerto Rico’s tourism board flew him out to record a music video. “It’s a wild place to vacation,” his A.I. singer belts. “Slot machines in the bus station.”

Stiteler, 37, has produced dozens of ticklish A.I. ditties about cities, often obscure ones (Altoona, Pa; Morgantown, W.Va; Manchester, N.H.) He writes the lyrics for what he calls his “pseudomusic”; Suno does the rest. “I’m not an artist,” he said. “I’m a fartist.”

The process gives him “such impostor syndrome about this musician stuff,” he added. “Musicians work their entire life. But I make this freaking A.I. Puerto Rico song and it’s smoking, like doing really well.”

The music industry itself has similarly mixed feelings about A.I. tools like Suno, which have set off a debate — and several lawsuits — over how to monetize the growing tsunami of A.I.-created tunes.

"Some folks believe that A.I. music should be eradicated," said Rob Jonas, chief executive of Luminate, a music industry analytics company. "Others believe that music is not about how it's made but how it makes you feel. If A.I. creates the same emotional reaction that organic music does, then it's music."

Suno (Hindi for “listen”) was founded in Cambridge, Mass., in 2022. Since then, around a dozen A.I.-generated songs have appeared on the Billboard charts. Deezer, a European music streaming platform, said last month that A.I.-generated songs accounted for half of its total uploads. Spotify, in partnership with Universal, is allowing users to pay to remix certain songs using A.I.

Over 100 million people have made music with Suno, the company says, each producing an average of 42 songs per month. Two million users pay up to \$30 a month for more advanced features, like splitting a generated track into isolated vocals and instruments. For a few weeks this year, Suno was the most popular download in the music category of Apple's app store. (Apple Music announced this month that it would soon require A.I. music to be tagged as such.)

There are competitors: Udio, Diffusion, ElevenLabs. But Suno, which has raised roughly \$1 billion from the likes of Bond Capital and Union Square Ventures, with a \$5.4 billion valuation, is the clear leader of this emerging industry. Many artists find the rise of such platforms scary. But in the telling of Mikey Shulman, Suno's chief executive, no one should be afraid.

"The purpose of Suno is to allow the whole world to feel creative fulfillment," he said. "In the future, this will be present in a lot of different domains. We do music." (Not all artists are afraid: "It's a new tool for creativity," the hip-hop titan Dr. Dre told The New York Times this month. "I'm embracing it.")

The labels and artists who see Suno as mostly a threat portray A.I. music less as another creative tool than another iteration of Napster-esque thievery. A hacker who breached the start-

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up and shared findings with 404 Media accused Suno of illegally scraping songs from YouTube Music, Genius, Deezer and others. (The hacked data “involved outdated source code that is no longer in use,” Suno told the publication. In a statement to DealBook, a spokesperson said that Suno’s models were “trained on publicly available music files on the open internet.”)

Even before the hack, major labels made similar accusations against Suno. In 2024, the Recording Industry Association of America, on behalf of Sony Music Group, Universal Music Group and Warner Music Group, sued Suno, accusing the company of training its models on copyrighted recordings without permission. Warner settled over a year later; Universal and Sony are still litigating. A parallel R.I.A.A. suit against rival platform Udio has since been settled by Universal and Warner, leaving Sony alone in court.

"Unlicensed services like Suno and Udio that claim that it's 'fair' to copy an artist's life's work, and exploit it for their own profit without consent or pay, set back the promise of genuinely innovative A.I. for us all," said Mitch Glazier, the head of R.I.A.A., in a statement at the time.

In any case, if you can't beat them, join them. In November, Warner announced a partnership with its former litigant. Warner artists, from Ed Sheeran to Charli XCX, can now individually opt in to let Suno use their names, images, likenesses, voices and compositions in A.I.-generated songs. Suno also acquired Songkick, the concert-discovery platform, from Warner as part of the deal. Most significantly, Suno is currently developing a “licensed model,” trained on Warner's catalog.

"We view our participation as the ability to shape the future and protect our artists and songwriters while at the same time creating new opportunities," said the Warner Music Group chief executive Robert Kyncl. "The alternative is to just sit and watch."

Much remains unclear in this first-of-its-kind deal. How do opted-in artists get compensated? What happens if a large share of artists opts out? In August, Suno reached a similar licensing deal with BMG. None of the companies have disclosed financial terms.

Some music businesses are choosing not to engage at all. In January, the indie streaming platform Bandcamp decreed an outright A.I. ban. The platform has no formalized system of identifying offenders. Rather, the company's editorial director, J. Edward Keyes, said, You know it when you see it. "It really is the difference between sugar and artificial sweetener," he said.

But millions use Splenda and Sweet'N Low. Will listeners enjoy artificial music, too? Will they pay for the pleasure? Luminate concluded in a recent report that a majority of Americans they polled “are tolerant — feeling either comfortable or indifferent of A.I. use in music they consume.” Billions of dollars are betting that remains so.

At the same time, said Jonas, "Whilst there may be a lot of A.I. music being created, there's not a lot of it being listened to."

After Stiteler sold the rights to "The Puerto Rico Song," its new owners, the Universal-owned Xploded Music, commissioned a fully human remake. That is the version that now plays on Spotify. Stiteler's Instagram page still features the A.I. original. If you listen carefully, you can hear the difference. Stiteler is pleased with the remake. "When musicians cover it," he said, "it becomes even more awesome."

MATT SMITH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Using the A.I. tool Suno, Bill Stiteler created “The Puerto Rico Song.” It has been streamed on Spotify 20 million times and has millions of YouTube views.

This announcement is neither an offer to purchase nor a solicitation of an offer to sell shares (as defined below). The Offer (as defined below) is made solely by the Offer to Purchase, dated August 31, 2026 (the "Offer to Purchase"), and the related Letter of Transmittal and any amendments or supplements to the Offer to Purchase or Letter of Transmittal and, other than as described below, is being made to all holders of shares. The Offer is not being made to (nor will tenders be accepted from or on behalf of) holders of shares in any jurisdiction in which the making or acceptance of the Offer would not be in compliance with the laws of that jurisdiction. In any jurisdiction where securities, blue sky or other laws require the Offer to be made by a licensed broker or dealer, the Offer shall be deemed to be made on behalf of GDEV Inc. by one or more registered brokers or dealers licensed under the laws of that jurisdiction.

Notice of Offer to Purchase for Cash

Up to \$20,000,000 in Value of its Ordinary Shares (or up to 1,813,236 Ordinary Shares) at a Purchase Price of \$11.03 per Ordinary Share

THE OFFER, PRORATION PERIOD AND WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS WILL EXPIRE AT 5:00 P.M. EASTERN TIME ON SEPTEMBER 28, 2026, UNLESS THE OFFER IS EXTENDED.

GDEV Inc., a British Virgin Islands business company (“GDEV”), is inviting its shareholders to tender up to \$20,000,000 in value of its ordinary shares, no par value per ordinary share (each, a “share”), or up to 1,813,236 shares, at a purchase price of \$11.03 per share, equivalent to the trailing volume weighted average price per share over the 10 trading days prior to August 28, 2026, the last full trading day prior to the commencement of the Offer (the “Purchase Price”), net to the seller in cash, without interest, less any applicable withholding taxes, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Offer to Purchase, dated August 31, 2026, and the related Letter of Transmittal (which, together with any amendments or supplements thereto, together constitute the “Offer”). The Offer is not conditioned upon obtaining financing. The Offer is, however, subject to certain other conditions set forth in the Offer to Purchase and the related Letter of Transmittal.

The Board of Directors of GDEV has approved the Offer. However, none of GDEV, its Board of Directors, Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (the “Depositary”) or D.F. King & Co., Inc. (the “Information Agent”) is making any recommendation to shareholders as to whether to tender or refrain from tendering their shares. Shareholders must make their own decision as to whether to tender their shares and, if so, how many shares to tender. In doing so, shareholders should read carefully the information in the Offer to Purchase and in the related Letter of Transmittal, including GDEV’s reasons for making the Offer. Shareholders should discuss whether to tender their shares with their broker or other financial or tax advisor.

The term “expiration time” means 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on September 28, 2026, unless and until GDEV, in its sole discretion, shall have extended the period of time during which the Offer will remain open, in which event the term expiration time shall refer to the latest time and date at which the Offer, as so extended by GDEV, shall expire. GDEV reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to purchase more or less than 1,816,530 shares under the Offer subject to applicable law. For purposes of the Offer, GDEV will be deemed to have accepted for payment, and thereby purchased, shares validly tendered to GDEV and not properly withdrawn, subject to the proration provisions of the Offer, as, if and when GDEV gives oral or written notice to the Depositary of GDEV’s acceptance for payment of shares in the Offer. Payment for shares tendered and accepted for payment under the Offer will be made only after timely receipt by the Depositary of: as to a DTC participant, (a) either a duly completed agent’s message through the facilities of DTC at the Depositary’s DTC account or a properly completed Letter of Transmittal, and (b) confirmation of book-entry transfer of the shares into the Depositary’s applicable DTC account; or as to a registered shareholder, a properly completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal; and any other required documents by the Letter of Transmittal. Under no circumstances will GDEV pay interest on the purchase price, including but not limited to, by reason of any delay in making payment.

GDEV expressly reserves the right, in its sole discretion, at any time prior to the expiration time and from time to time, to extend the period of time during which the Offer is open and thereby delay acceptance of, and payment for, any shares by giving oral or written notice of such extension to the Depositary and making a public announcement thereof no later than 9:00 a.m., Eastern Time, on the next business day after the last previously scheduled or announced expiration time. During any such extension, all shares previously tendered and not properly withdrawn will remain subject to the Offer and to the right of a tendering stockholder to withdraw such shareholder's shares.

GDEV's Board of Directors has determined that the Offer is a prudent use of GDEV's financial resources given its current capitalization, cash balance and operational business profile, and that the Offer presents an appropriate balance between meeting the needs of GDEV's business and delivering value to its shareholders. GDEV's Board of Directors has also determined that a cash tender offer is an appropriate mechanism to return capital to shareholders that seek liquidity under current market conditions while, at the same time, allowing shareholders to share in a higher portion of GDEV's future potential.

Tenders of shares under the Offer are irrevocable, except that such shares may be withdrawn at any time prior to the expiration time and, unless previously accepted for payment by GDEV under the Offer, may also be withdrawn at any time after 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on October 28, 2026. For such withdrawal to be effective, a written notice of withdrawal must be received in a timely manner by the Depositary at its address set forth on the back cover of the Offer to Purchase. Any such notice of withdrawal must specify the name of the person having tendered the shares to be withdrawn, the number of shares to be withdrawn and the name of the registered shareholder of such shares (if different). If shares have been tendered under the procedure for book-entry transfer set forth in the Offer to Purchase, any notice of withdrawal also must specify the name and the number of the account at DTC to be credited with the withdrawn shares and must otherwise comply with DTC's procedures. All questions as to the form and validity (including the time of receipt) of any notice of withdrawal will be determined by GDEV, in its sole discretion, which determination will be final and binding. None of GDEV, the Depositary, the Information Agent or any other person will be under any duty to give notification of any defects or irregularities in any notice of withdrawal or incur any liability for failure to give any such notification.

The sale of shares by a U.S. shareholder for cash pursuant to the Offer will be a taxable transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. shareholder may vary depending upon the U.S. shareholder's particular facts and circumstances. Shareholders should consult with their tax advisors as to the particular tax consequences of the Offer to them. For a more complete description of certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Offer, including matters pertinent to non-U.S shareholders, see Section 13 (Tax Considerations) of the Offer to Purchase.

The information required to be disclosed by Rule 13e-4 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is contained in the Offer to Purchase and is incorporated herein by reference. GDEV has also filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission an Issuer Tender Offer Statement on Schedule TO, which includes certain additional information relating to the Offer.

The Offer to Purchase and the related Letter of Transmittal will be furnished to record holders of shares as well as to brokers, dealers, commercial banks and trust companies whose names, or the names of whose nominees, appear on GDEV's shareholder list. Participation in the Offer by any shareholder of the Company or other entity that is the subject of sanctions in any jurisdiction could constitute a violation of law.

The Offer to Purchase and the related Letter of Transmittal contain important information that should be read carefully before any decision with respect to the Offer is made.

Questions and requests for assistance may be directed to the Information Agent at its address and telephone numbers as set forth below. Requests for copies of the Offer to Purchase, Letter of Transmittal and other Offer documents may be directed to the Information Agent at its address and telephone numbers set forth below. Shareholders may also contact their broker, dealer, commercial bank or trust company or other nominee for assistance concerning the Offer.

The Information Agent for the Offer is: D.F. King & Co., Inc. 28 Liberty Street, 53 $^{rd}$ Floor New York, New York 10005

August 31, 2026

Fly Deadly to Livestock Resurfaces in Two States

FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE ing to data on the department's dashboard that tracks confirmed screwworm detections and animals that have been infested.

Animals become infested when a female screwworm fly feasts upon and lays its eggs in open flesh and wounds, which could kill if left untreated. Its spread would devastate the cattle industry. Through the 1960s, screwworm was endemic to Texas and the surrounding areas, leading to thousands upon thousands of cases and an estimated \$200 million in annual loss for Texas ranchers, before the fly was eradicated.

To get rid of the flies in the wild, the Agriculture Department releases sterile male flies in areas with known populations of wild flies. Females, which mate only once before dying, will not lay any eggs if they mate with a sterile male fly. Even though the Agriculture Department cares about releasing only sterile male flies, their technique breeds both male and female flies, and sterile female flies are released, too.

In November 2024, screwworm flies were detected in Mexico, and the U.S. Agriculture Department has put different types of traps in place along the border since July 2025. The department says they're an early warning tool to "contain, control and eliminate" the pest before it threatens animals and humans. It is also using more costly drones and helicopters to try to monitor wildlife for signs of infestation.

While screwworm flies that get stuck to the traps die, the goal isn't to kill them but to monitor where they are spreading. The traps are placed in areas that are probable screwworm fly habitats based on data modeling by the Agriculture Department. As of Aug. 11, more than 80,000 flies — like the com-

Efforts to trap the lethal screwworm fly have come up short.

mon green bottle fly or the banded blowfly — had been captured and sent to laboratories for identification, but not a single wild screwworm fly was among them.

With a rate below one new confirmed case per day in animals since the screwworm fly's reappearance in the United States, the lack of wild flies stuck on traps is further evidence there aren't that many of them in the country.

“It’s likely there is only a very small number of fertile flies in the area, rather than a large or growing local population,” an Agriculture Department spokeswoman said in a statement. “If there were large populations of flies, we would be seeing many more cases than we have to this point.”

Entomologists largely agreed and said the department's eradication efforts were directed in the right places, but they warned that because screwworm flies lay hundreds of eggs, just a few undetected infestations could send numbers skyrocketing.

Live cattle imports from Mexico have been suspended for more than a year to help control the spread of the fly, though Mexican cattle were allowed to enter Arizona starting on Aug. 24.uarantine zones are also put in place in the United States whenever a case is detected in an animal.

Even though the traps haven't caught any wild flies, they are providing useful information about how to better deploy sterile male flies, said Phillip Kaufman, head of the Department of Entomology at Texas A&M University.

The main type of trap used is sticky and made out of a hollow plastic tube roughly the size of a jumbo paper towel roll. The traps are covered in swormlure, a particularly noxious combination of 10 chemicals that mimic the smell of decomposing flesh.

"They are incredibly offensive smelling materials," Dr. Kaufman said.

The swormlure attracts screwworm flies to the trap, where they get stuck on the sticky paper. The sticky paper from traps is collected twice a week and brought to laboratories with scientists who are trained in screwworm fly identification.

Scientists must first differentiate between screwworm flies and any other blowflies, the family of insects to which screwworm flies belong, trapped on the sticky paper. Then they determine whether the screwworm fly is male or female, usually by looking at the spacing between their eyes (the eyes of female screwworm flies are farther apart). Finally, they must decide whether the fly is a wild female or a sterile one.

They tell them apart by looking for a speck of fluorescent dust that is put on all sterile flies when they are bred at facilities in Panama and Mexico. Sometimes the dust is visible under a microscope, and sometimes a black light is needed. No fluorescent dust means a wild female fly has been found.

According to Dr. Kaufman, the department has found a number of trapped sterile female flies. The traps are moved around to ensure they are in areas the department deems high-risk and also to avoid trapping sterile flies that are being released.

“If the traps started showing a concentration of wild flies in one particular county, that would influence how many steriles are being released in that county,” said Max Scott, an entomologist at North Carolina State University.

Each week, the Agriculture Department releases 100 million sterile flies across Texas and the U.S. border, and it said it expected to release 500 million a week by this time next year.

Experts cautioned, however, that while sticky traps and swormlure may be the best way to find wild screwworm flies, there are limitations.

Some of that is because the sterile fly efforts have worked so well that improvements on other screwworm techniques, like fly-traps, lagged. Developed in the 1950s, the sterile fly technique had mostly eradicated screwworm flies from the United States by the end of the 1960s. By 2006, the fly had been eradicated from Central America, except for a small area in southern Panama.

It was not as pressing in the United States to improve monitoring techniques when the threat was 2,000 miles away from its southern border, and there hasn't been much research on trapping in the subsequent decades. One of the Agriculture Department's few employees with screwworm fly field experience, who retired a few years ago, was recently rehired. The department announced it would award \$105 million in funding to 40 research projects to help eradicate the screwworm fly.

One limitation is with the swormlure. Its smell is based upon rotting flesh, said Jessica Metcalf, a professor of animal sciences at Colorado State University. But what distinguishes the screwworm fly from other blowflies is that it feeds upon, and lays its eggs in, living flesh.

Therefore, the swormlure may be less effective because it is poorly mimicking the smell that actually attracts screwworm flies.

“That is the hole we are trying to fill with our research,” Dr. Metcalf said. “Is there a difference between wound and carrion?”

IN THE UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA In re: CROWN BOILER CO., LLC, | Chapter 11

Debtor. Case No. 26-20515 (JCM) NOTICE OF EXTENDED DEADLINE FOR FILING OF FILING PROOFS OF CLAIM

THE EXTENDED DEADLINE FOR FILING PROOFS OF CLAIM AGAINST DEBTOR CROWN BOILER CO., LLC IS OCTOBER 5, 2026. PLEASE TAKE NOTICE OF THE FOLLOWING:

PLEASE TAKENOTICE OF THE FOLLOWING: On August 21, 2026, the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania entered an order [Docket No. 475] (the "Extended Bar Date Order"), establishing October 5, 2026 (the "Extended Bar Date"), as the general deadline for all Entities, including Governmental Units, to file proofs of claim against the Debtor, Crown Boiler Co., LLC, for all Claims that arose or are deemed to have arisen prior to the date on which the Debtor commenced its chapter 11 case, February 25, 2026, except as otherwise provided in the Extended Bar Date Order.

The following holders of Claims must file proofs of claim on or before the Extended Bar Date: (a) any Entity (i) whose prepetition Claim against the Debtor is not listed in the Debtor's schedules of assets and liabilities (as amended) [Docket Nos. 44, 49] (collectively, the "Schedules") or is listed therein as "disputed," "contingent," or "unliquidated," and (ii) that desires to participate in the Debtor's chapter 11 case or share in any distribution in the chapter 11 case; and (b) any Entity that (i) believes its prepetition Claim is improperly classified in the Schedules or is listed in an incorrect amount and (ii) desires to have its prepetition Claim allowed in a classification or amount different from the classification or amount identified in the Schedules. If it is unclear from the Schedules whether your prepetition Claim is disputed, contingent, or unliquidated as to amount or is otherwise properly listed and classified, you must file a proof of claim on or before the Extended Bar Date. Any Entity that relies on the information in the Schedules bears responsibility for determining that its Claim is accurately listed therein.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Entity holding or asserting an Asbestos Claim or a warranty claim may, but is not required to, file a proof of claim by the Extended Bar Date.

Proofs of claim must be filed with the Debtor's claims and noticing agent, Omni Agent Solutions ("Omni"), (i) by mail at Crown Boiler Co., LLC. Claims Processing, c/o Omni Agent Solutions, Inc. 5955 De Soto Ave., suite 100, Woodland Hills, CA 91367, or (ii) electronically through Omni's claims portal: https://omniagentsolutions.com/CrownBoiler. All proofs of claim must be received by the Extended Bar Date in order to be accepted as timely.

UNLESS THE COURT ORDERS OTHERWISE, ANY ENTITY THAT IS REQUIRED TO FILE A PROOF OF CLAIM WITH RESPECT TO A CLAIM AGAINST THE DEBTOR BUT THAT FAILS TO DO SO BY THE EXTENDED BAR DATE SHALL NOT BE TREATED AS A CREDITOR WITH RESPECT TO SUCH CLAIM FOR PURPOSES OF VOTING UPON ANY PLAN IN THE CHAPTER 11 CASE AND DISTRIBUTION FROM PROPERTY OF THE DEBTOR'S ESTATE.

KEY DEFINITIONS. As used in this Notice, the terms "Entity," "Governmental Unit," "affiliate" and "Claim" or "daim" have the meanings given to them under Section 101 of the Bankruptcy Code. As used in this Notice, the term "Asbestos Claims" means any Claim (as defined in section 101(5) of the Bankruptcy Code) or any debt, liability, or obligation of the Debtor, whether now existing or hereafter arising, whether known or unknown, whether arising in tort or under contract, warranty, restitution, contribution, indemnity, guarantee, subrogation, or any other theory of law, equity, or admittance, arising out of, resulting from, or attributable to, directly or indirectly; any manner of alleged bodily injury, death, sickness, disease, or alleged disease process, emotional distress, fear of cancer, medical monitoring, or any other alleged personal injuries or harms (whether physical, emotional, or otherwise neither or not diagnosed) are caused by either an additional cause (Chapter 11 Case), cause or an allegedly caused, directly or indirectly, by the presence of exposure to, asbestos or asbestos-containing products or other asbestos-containing materials engineered, designed, marketed, manufactured, fabricated, constructed, sold, supplied, produced, installed, maintained, serviced, specified, selected, repaired, removed, replaced, released, distributed, or in any other way used by the Debtor or any other Person for whose conduct the Debtor (i) has liability or (ii) is alleged to have liability by reason of the Debtor's direct or indirect ownership or control of, conduct of business, or any transaction with such Person, whether seeking compensatory, special, economic, non-economic, punitive, exemplary, administrative or any other costs, fees, injunctive or similar relief or any other measure of damages. Asbestos Claims include (a) any Claims that have been resolved or are subject to resolution pursuant to any agreement and Claims that are based on a judgment or verdict, and (b) Claims of any corporation (as defined in section 101(9) of the Bankruptcy Code), insurer, co-defendant of the Debtor, or predecessor of the Debtor for contribution, reimbursement, subrogation, indemnity, or any other derivative Claims, whether contractual or implied by law (as these terms are not applied to the Debtor's claim), because the provisions of the Debtor must be withdrawn. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term Asbestos Claim shall not include (i) any "demand" as such term is defined in section 524(g)(5) of the Bankruptcy Code,(ii) any Claim that is an obligation of the Debtor to make payments to their general trade creditors or commercial debethoders,(iii) any Claim that arises under a worker compensation act or a self-insured health plan,(iv) and Claim that is an obligation to refund the purchase price of, or to repair or replace, products regularly sold in the ordinary course a trade or business, or (v) any other excluded liability under Treasury Regulation S 1.468B-1(g).

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, a copy of the Extended Bar Date Order, the proof of claim form, and additional information regarding this Chapter 11 Case may be obtained free of charge through Omni's case website or by contacting Omni. The Extended Bar Date Order can also be viewed on the Court's website at https://www.pawb.uscourts.gov/ for a fee. If you have questions concerning the filing or processing of claims, you may contact the Debtor's claims agent, Omni, at (888) 204-0736 (US & Canada) or (747) 293-0189 (International), or CrownBoole Inquiries@OmniAgrt.com. YOU ARE ENCOURAGED TO CAREFULLY REVIEW THE EXTENDED BAR DATE ORDER AND RELATED MATERIALS ON OMN'S CASE WEBSITE. YOU MAY WISH TO CONSULT AN ATTORNEY REGARDING THIS MATTER

BY ORDER OF THE COURT

AGRICULTURE | COURTS | ECONOMY

Court Equates Prediction Markets to Betting

By LAUREN McCARTHY

A federal appeals court has ruled that states had the ability to regulate prediction markets, a win for the states in an ongoing battle with federal regulators over who had authority over popular wagering platforms.

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in San Francisco on Friday rejected Kalshi's request for relief against Nevada's gambling laws, after the state sued the company in February for "unlicensed operations."

Prediction markets, notably Kalshi, have exploded in popularity this year and attracted billions of dollars in trades on topics as varied as elections, sports and reality television. But their surge of success has prompted state pushback.

Now, 20 states are locked in litigation over whether the prediction markets are subject to their gambling laws.

The nationwide legal battle boils down to a debate over whether prediction markets offer swaps, a type of financial contract that is regulated only at the federal level.

Judge Ryan Nelson wrote in the opinion issued on Friday that Kalshi's “sports event contracts were not ‘swaps’ because they were sports bets,” and should be subject to state gambling laws, as a previous federal court had determined. In July, Kalshi had agreed to restrict users in Nevada from wagering on sports, elections and entertainment.

But the ruling contradicted a decision by Philadelphia's Third Circuit in April that said Kalshi's sports event contracts were swaps under the Commodity Exchange Act, which granted them federal pre-emption from state laws.

"The Ninth Circuit has now teed up a circuit split that calls out for resolution by the Supreme Court," said Zach Fulton, a spokesman for the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the

As platforms like Kalshi take off, 20 states act to regulate.

federal agency that oversees the industry. Mr. Fulton said the court “erred today” and accused it of inventing a new exception to the Commodity Exchange Act.

Aaron Ford, Nevada's attorney general, said in a statement that his office was “proud to have defended Nevada’s authority,” adding that “the Ninth Circuit rejected that argument and made clear what we have maintained from the beginning: Sports betting does not become something else simply because a company calls it an ‘event contract.’”

A spokeswoman for Kalshi, Dani Lever, said the company believed that C.F.T.C. regulations did not prohibit sports contracts, despite the court's opinion. “We will be seeking further review,” she said.

Last month, 44 states signed a letter in disagreement, arguing that “sports bets are not swaps, futures or other derivatives, so the C.F.T.C. lacks statutory authority to regulate them.”

The issue of federal versus state control of prediction markets is also pending in the Second, Fourth, Sixth and Seventh Circuit Courts of Appeals.

After Inflation Pledge, Warsh Confronts Rate Riddle

FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE

NATALIE BEHRING/GETTY IMAGES

Another month of benign inflation data will alleviate the pressure on him to raise rates in September. But as the market blowback to his last meeting in July showed, the onus will be on him to explain how doing nothing aligns with his intolerance for elevated inflation.

HAIYUN JIANG/THE NEW YORK TIMES

A rate increase next month would help to underpin the seriousness around Mr. Warsh's inflation pledge. Delivering that just before midterm elections, however, would create an immediate showdown with the Trump administration.

“He has multiple targets on his back,” Maurice Obstfeld, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics and former chief economist at the International Monetary Fund, said on the sidelines of the conference. “It’s a no-win situation.”

A Shift in Tone

Mr. Warsh on Friday sounded like many of his fellow policymakers at the Fed who had grown impatient about the slow pace of progress on taming inflation after half a decade of it overshooting the target. He not only dismissed data that showed easing price pressures this summer, but also suggested that there was not much restraint on an economy that has been growing at a robust pace. He also made clear that with the labor market stable, the Fed's focus was chiefly on tackling inflation.

It is those same views that prompted Alberto G. Musalem, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, to support raising rates last month. Mr. Musalem is not a voting member on this year's policy setting committee, so he was not one of the three who officially opposed July's decision to hold rates steady.

Mr. Musalem, in an interview, endorsed Mr. Warsh's message on Friday, especially his decision to put “a level and a sense of timing” around inflation's retreat before some tightening is required.

Mr. Musalem, who said he was keeping a “very open mind” going into the September meeting, conveyed that there was a solid case for raising rates to squash inflation.

Given his views that there are “both supply and, very importantly, persistent demand forces pushing inflation above 2 percent, I believe that without some restraint on inflation, the probability that inflation will be meaningfully above target 18 months from now is higher than the probability that we’re going to converge to target” by then, he said.

Mr. Musalem noted that while inflation expectations did not indicate a loss of confidence in the Fed's commitment to reaching 2 percent, that conviction was contingent on the Fed's adjusting its policy settings appropriately.

"If we delay action in spite of data, expectations may be affected by that," he said. "Right now, inflation expectations are very anchored because the same markets expect us to raise interest rates by about 75 basis points in the next nine months or so."

Raising rates by three-quarters of a percentage point, the argument goes, would ensure there is some downward pressure on economic activity, helping in part to snuff out price pressures.

Forgoing Forward Guidance

Mr. Warsh had a plea during his speech on Friday that people in attendance who know him well said the public should heed. "Just don't call it forward guidance," the chairman quipped when outlining the contents of his speech.

Many in markets were quick to perceive it exactly as that, however, despite Mr. Warsh leaving himself room to maneuver.

“He was very clear: He is not telling us what he’s doing at the next meeting,” said Kristin

Forbes, a former Bank of England official who is now at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Still, Ms. Forbes conceded that Mr. Warsh was in a “tricky situation” as he contends with markets reading it as such.

“He might feel the pressure to verify what people are saying, and then fall back into that trap or he might feel pressured to not verify what people are saying to show that there is not guidance in a speech like that about the economy,” Ms. Forbes said. “I think he does have enough credibility and wants to do the right thing enough that he will not make a decision just to send a lesson.”

Austan D. Goolsbee, the president of the Chicago Fed, said in an interview that the right decision came down to whether the data showed the most recent bout of inflation, caused partly by the Iran war and President Trump's tariffs, was persistent or just a one-time increase in the level of consumer prices.

"The reason to wait, just in theory, would be if that inflation is going to go away on its own, then you easily could generate a recession and you didn't need to," Mr. Goolsbee said.

So far, the inflation data is “ambiguous,” he said, pointing to the fact that price pressures across the services sector remain elevated. Monthly inflation readings near 0.3 percent are “nowhere near target,” Mr. Goolsbee added. “That’s not evidence that we’re headed back to 2 percent.”

In July, the Fed's preferred inflation gauge, once volatile food and energy prices are stripped out, rose at an unrounded monthly pace of 0.246 percent.

Susan C. Collins, president of the Boston Fed, also acknowledged in an interview that the inflation data was “mixed,” suggesting that higher rates are not a foregone conclusion but remain a real possibility if there is not a discernible improvement soon.

She pushed back on the idea that there is a specific threshold for the monthly pace of inflation she is targeting that will tip her in one direction or another.

“Policy should be based on the trajectory of the economy, and from my perspective, picking a particular number as a threshold for last month's inflation, while that is certainly an important part of the information that we have, it's not the only thing that I'm going to weigh to try to understand the direction,” she said.

"If we are seeing progress, and there's enough uncertainty about a range of different dimensions of policy, I think there is a totally consistent, thoughtful argument for holding in that context."

Based on the distribution of views at the Fed, Mr. Warsh will have the sway to resolve what is likely to be a close call in September.

If the next Consumer Price Index report, scheduled for release on Sept. 11, comes in soft, Mr. Warsh, now having provided a framework for his thinking, could “legitimately stand up” in September and justify holding rates steady, said Donald Kohn, who served as vice-chair of the Fed from 2006 and 2010 when Mr. Warsh was a governor.

“You have to have a good reason not to do it,” Mr. Kohn cautioned about forgoing a rate rise.

Sparking a Showdown

Increasing rates would put Mr. Warsh immediately at odds with Mr. Trump, who has gone to great lengths to pressure the Fed into lowering rates. Mr. Trump handpicked Mr. Warsh for the job, after running an elaborate audition process that hinged on finding someone who would support his views.

The administration's desire for lower rates was on full display this past month when the Treasury secretary, Scott Bessent, embarked on surprise interventions amid a sharp rise in longer-term U.S. government bond yields.

Policymakers at the Fed officially maintain that these inter-

Kevin M. Warsh, the Fed chairman, made clear last week that the central bank's main focus was on tackling inflation. But a rate increase before the midterms would create a showdown with the Trump administration.

ventions do not make their jobs harder, but there are reasons to think that it has some negative impact.

For one, Mr. Bessent's actions have muddied the economic signals that the Fed would otherwise glean from the level of Treasury yields, which reflect heightened policy uncertainty, concerns about the country's debt load and higher growth prospects, among other factors.

Moreover, Mr. Bessent, in making clear that he will take steps to tamp down borrowing costs, has created a situation in which yields are more likely lower than they otherwise would be. If that results in overall financial conditions that are less restrictive, that could make taming inflation more difficult.

"With anything having to do with fiscal policy or debt management, what Treasury does impacts markets and the economy and so impacts what the Fed does, and vice versa," said Patricia Mosser, who previously worked as a top official at the New York Fed and is now at Columbia University. "Going at cross purposes is usually not a wise idea."

Some believe Mr. Warsh, who has a close relationship with the president, will be more effective at managing the fallout in the event that the Fed raises rates. Mr. Trump has chosen so far to place blame on Mr. Warsh's colleagues for not cutting borrowing costs.

The universal message from Fed officials is that they do not feel constrained by political considerations. What would imperil their independence more, they argue, is if they opt against a move that was necessitated by the data.

"The central bank's timetable is not the market timetable, and it's not the election timetable and so we often face tensions with outside bodies," Mr. Goolsbee said.

But defying Mr. Trump just before the midterms will no doubt raise tensions.

"If they can possibly put it off till after the midterms, it would be good for the institution," said Kenneth Rogoff, a Harvard professor who previously served as chief economist at the I.M.F.

“We're clearly in a constitutional crisis at the moment, and if you're trying to preserve Fed independence, are you preserving it better by spitting in his face, or are you preserving it better by laying low and waiting until the winter?”

One Man's Quest to Build India's Most Livable City

FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE

PRIYADARSHINI RAVICHANDRAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
PRIYADARSHINI RAVICHANDRAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

PRIYADARSHINI RAVICHANDRAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
A digital blue print map of the Amaravati Quantum Valley and city, top, and workers at the construction site for the tech hub in Amaravati, above right. The government began pooling 35,000 acres of land from 30,000 farmers for the new city, which was named after a capital of the ancient Andhra kingdom. Quantum Valley is N. Chandrababu Naidu's play for an economic engine and tech identity to propel his new city — much as software did in Hyderabad.

Foster, the celebrated British arch- chitect. The city is laid out in grids and includes about a five-mile stretch of government buildings.

At the center of it all will be a high-spired legislative assembly building surrounded by a freshwater lake. Administrative offices will operate from five high-rise towers, which will accommodate 16,000 employees. The tallest, where the state's chief minister will work, will have a helipad on its roof.

Sixty percent of the new city is expected to be covered by water or greenery, and it will include nearly 2,000 miles of cycling lanes.

Hundreds of millions of dollars have been committed for the 50-acre campus in the city's “Quantum Valley.” Come January, the building will host a 156-qubit IBM quantum computer in the campus's anchor building, which has seismic protection against even the smallest vibrations. Eight towers that will house 88,000 engineers are planned by the end of 2029.

Mr. Naidu lives by the construction site.

When he leaves his residence and turns left toward the make-shift government offices, he sees piles of sewer pipes waiting to go underground, mounds of dirt and scattered machinery. The young bougainvillea flowers in the road dividers are abloom, signaling hope that his city will rise.

The challenges are many: There was a drop of as much as 15 percent in the labor force because workers returned to their home states to cast votes in elections, while fuel prices rose as a result of the war in the Middle East. Mr. Naidu's ambitions will also have to be tested against a routine reality in India — scandals around the failings of newly built infrastructure, from bridges collapsing to an airport flooding.

Vijay Rama Raju V, the official tasked by Mr. Naidu with overseeing the project, said the state is looking to showcase a new standard that modern India can deliver.

“It’s not that money is not there anymore. In India we cannot say that anymore,” he said.

Redemption Project

For Mr. Naidu, Amaravati is at once about redemption and legacy.

In the late 1990s, he helped turn Hyderabad, then the capital of Andhra Pradesh, into a tech hub. He brought in giants like Microsoft and nurtured a local talent pool that has since produced leaders in some of the world's largest tech companies.

But in 2014, the state of Andhra Pradesh was cleaved into two. Mr. Naidu became the chief minister of the newly truncated Andhra Pradesh and Hyderabad went to the newly created state of Telangana.

He has described the loss of Hyderabad as the worst day of his political career. Andhra Pradesh was not only deprived of a major source of revenue, but also an aspirational symbol of technological prowess. The part of the state Mr. Naidu was left in charge of was steeped in debt and lacked a proper city to house its seat of power.

Mr. Naidu was not available to be interviewed during our visit. His son Nara Lokesh, who leads several key ministries in his father's government, described the period as demoralizing.

“You’re just thrown out one fine morning saying ‘get out, it’s not yours anymore,’” he said.

In 2014, the family left Hyderabad by helicopter and landed at the airport in Vijayawada, the region where work on a new capital would eventually begin.

"It was nothing but a tin shed. And I had tears," Mr. Lokesh said about the airport. "It hurt, but that's what gave us that fire, that energy to say 'I will beat them.'"

The government began pooling 35,000 acres of land from 30,000 farmers for the new city, named Amaravati after a second-century capital of the ancient Andhra kingdom. Mr. Naidu was bent on the project despite an expert committee advising him against establishing a concentrated capital and urging him instead to decentralize government. Critics accused him of chasing a vanity project and wasting valuable fertile land. Like many leaders in South Asia, Mr. Naidu admires the city-state of Singapore for its efficiency and productivity. So he sought help from its government on a master plan.

When he faced resistance from some of the farmers, he introduced modest annuity payments until they received smaller but more valuable plots of developed land. He arranged for small groups of them to go to Singapore and visualize his vision of a shiny city that they could not see in their banana groves.

But, for a while, it all fell apart: Mr. Naidu was voted out of office in 2019.

He was accused of corruption and nepotism by his onetime ally, Mr. Modi. While in opposition, the state authorities sent him to jail for weeks in 2023, on charges that were dropped once he returned to power. In the five years that he was out of power, work on Amaravati stopped. His successor floated alternative ideas for a capital city.

Then, Mr. Naidu was returned to office in elections two years ago.

He made up with Mr. Modi, and attained the status of a kingmaker in the prime minister's national coalition, giving him leverage. Mr. Modi helped him pass legislation declaring Amaravati as Andhra Pradesh's undisputed capital city. And Mr. Naidu is using the good graces of New Delhi to bring in billions of dollars in loans to finance the building of the new city's core. His mantra is, “Speed, speed, speed.”

A Leap of Faith

The nearby Quantum Valley is Mr. Naidu's play for an economic engine and tech identity to propel his new city — much as software did in Hyderabad.

Mr. Naidu, left, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi in May. The prime minister had once accused Mr. Naidu of corruption but they have reconciled.
ANI, VIA REUTERS

Late in 2024, months after taking office, he invited a group of scientists from South India's premier technology institution, the IIT Madras, to his residence. The institute's director, V. Kamakoti, appealed to Mr. Naidu's ambitions by pitching what he saw as the technological race of the future: quantum computing.

Classical computing would not be able to meet the demands of the finance, agriculture and pharmaceutical industries, he told Mr. Naidu. While market benefits could be a couple of years away, Mr. Kamakoti said, the world's major powers and largest tech companies were investing.

Mr. Naidu was sold.

"He is taking a leap of faith," Mr. Kamakoti said.

Mr. Naidu wants his new capital city to be an ecosystem for quantum computing, including bringing in academic institutions to create a talent pipeline of quantum experts. He has drawn on lessons from Hyderabad that mastering software was not enough: India needs to start innovating hardware and to shape supply lines.

Last year, clicker in hand, Mr. Naidu gave a lecture that was broadcast to hundreds of thousands of university students across the state.

“Quantum offers India a rare chance to enter early, rather than catch up later,” he told the students. “You are all thinking tomorrow. I am thinking next 20 years.”

Some Reporters Denied Access To G20 Meeting

By BENJAMIN MULLIN

When leaders from the world's most powerful countries gather this week for the Group of 20 finance meeting in Asheville, N.C., they will be joined by throngs of journalists from newsrooms around the globe.

Missing from among them, though, will be several reporters from three of the largest news-rooms in the United States.

The U.S. Department of the Treasury has not granted credentials to individual reporters for The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal and Bloomberg News to cover the event, which will draw finance ministers and central bank governors from the world's biggest economies.

Alan Rappeport, an economic policy reporter who reports on the Treasury Department for The Times, has been excluded from the meeting. Since he began covering the department in 2017, he has attended nearly a dozen G7 and G20 meetings in person.

Matt Grossman, an economics reporter for The Wall Street Journal, was also denied a credential. A spokesman for The Journal declined to comment.

Nicole Taylor, a spokeswoman for The Times, said in a statement that the decision was “not just another disturbing effort by the administration to undermine independent journalism, but a blatant attempt to evade public scrutiny.”

"With the war in Iran, sanctions, the bond markets and inflation on the agenda for the G20 finance ministers, the stakes of this gathering are significant for the global economy and the American people," the statement said.

A spokesman for the Treasury Department said in a statement that the department would be welcoming “nearly 300 members of the media from approximately a dozen countries,” including reporters from NPR, The Washington Post and Al Jazeera.

“Secretary Bessent will participate in numerous media engagements throughout the event, including one-on-one interviews with local and national outlets across the political spectrum,” the spokesman said. “Members of the media will have a high level of access to policymakers throughout the event, and with that access comes a responsibility to report factual information consistent with established journalistic standards.”

The Treasury spokesman added that a reporter from The Times would be in attendance. The department granted a credential to Jim Tankersley, The Times's Berlin bureau chief, who reports on Germany and other parts of Europe.

Dick Stevenson, The Times's Washington bureau chief, sent a letter to the Treasury Department on Thursday asking officials there to reconsider the decision not to credential Mr. Rappeport, a Times spokesman said. So far, they have not reversed their decision.

The decision to exclude individual reporters is the latest example of the Trump administration limiting access to some journalists.

Last year, the Pentagon imposed a restrictive press policy that prompted dozens of journalists from mainstream publications to surrender their press badges in protest. The Times sued the Pentagon, arguing that the new policy violated the First Amendment, and a judge later ruled that it was unconstitutional.

Trump's Venezuelan Oil Deal Is Relying on a Powerful and Divisive Partner

FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE

FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE pact on our nation's revival," and generate more than \$200 billion in tax revenue for the government.

Mr. Trump described the deal as giving the United States “majority control” over a large portion of the country’s reserves, though many of the details of the highly unorthodox arrangement remained unclear on Saturday afternoon and were expected to change as the project gets going.

The deal represents Mr. Trump's most direct foray into Venezuela's oil industry since he sent U.S. Special Forces in January to seize the country's leader, Nicolás Maduro, and began working closely with his vice president, Ms. Rodríguez, who now runs the government.

For Mr. Trump, the deal advances his quest to reshape the global energy market and enhance the U.S.'s energy security, according to a person familiar with his thinking. Mr. Trump believes, the person said, that additional oil from Venezuela would reduce the market power that Middle Eastern countries have and would help stabilize energy prices, which have risen sharply since the U.S. and Israel started attacking Iran in February.

Any meaningful new production from Venezuela will take years to materialize. As a result, the effort will have little immediate impact on global commodity prices, which in turn determine what U.S. consumers pay.

Chevron, the second-largest U.S. oil company, is also in advanced talks to expand its production in Venezuela, which would further expand the U.S. sphere of influence, The New York Times has reported.

Venezuela's proven oil reserves are among the largest in the world, but its energy industry has been decimated by mismanagement, corruption and U.S. sanctions. It produces a little more than one million barrels of oil a day, or about 1 percent of global production, roughly the same share as under Mr. Maduro.

In broad terms, the United States is expected to gain preferential access to cheap Venezuelan oil, a key objective of the Trump administration as it seeks greater influence over oil production in the Americas.

North American Blue Energy Partners, or NABEP, would benefit from the direct backing of the U.S. government, which would make it easier for the company to obtain financing and supplies amid continuing U.S. sanctions against the Venezuelan economy. Working with the Trump administration should also shield the company from the volatility of Venezuelan politics.

The State Department said through a U.S. official that the deal would effectively give the United States 55 percent of the joint venture's output. Neither the White House nor the State Department answered specific questions on Mr. Betancourt's role, his company or the structure of the deal.

In a statement to The Times, NABEP said it looked forward to working with the U.S. government to rebuild Venezuela's energy industry but added that "it would be premature to comment on exactly what role our company will play." Mr. Betancourt declined to be interviewed for this article.

Under the deal, the U.S. government would have the right to acquire shares in NABEP or a related entity through a financial instrument known as a warrant, according to two people familiar with the matter. A warrant allows its owner to buy shares in a company at a predetermined price. Warrants can be traded and can rise and fall in value based on the price of the shares of the company that issued them.

NABEP, which is based in Barbados, according to its website, produces around 200,000 barrels per day. The company plans to take up to \$5 billion in debt to raise output to one million barrels in the next five years, according to a person close to the company.

Mr. Betancourt, 46, rose to prominence in the 2010s, when the

An oil company that has close ties to the Caracas government.

Venezuelan government awarded him and his partners contracts to build numerous power plants across the country even though they had no experience doing that work. The deals earned the investors the moniker “bolichicos,” meaning the “Bolivarian boys,” a reference to the new cohort of businessmen who profited from the government so-called Bolivarian Revolution.

Mr. Betancourt later bought a stake in an oil company called Petrozamora that operated mature oil fields in Lake Maracaibo in western Venezuela. Those fields became the core of NABEP, which has since acquired new fields and raised it production significantly since 2024.

Mr. Betancourt's personal bank accounts have been under investigation for more than a decade by prosecutors in Zurich, but he has not been formally charged in Switzerland.

“Mr. Betancourt has never been charged with a crime in any jurisdiction,” Sara Chouraqui, NABEP’s general counsel, said in a statement.

Since ousting Mr. Maduro in January, the Trump administration has been relying on Mr. Betancourt to help put together commercial ventures and partnerships in Venezuela, a person familiar with the U.S. government's efforts said.

The Trump administration began looking into Mr. Betancourt last year, as it sought out partners who would help it advance U.S. interests after the removal of Mr. Maduro. Washington officials, including Secretary of State Marco Rubio, took a positive view of Mr. Betancourt's record of raising oil production, a rare success story amid the malaise of the industry dominated by state-run oil fields.

That track record made the Trump administration look past the corruption claims that have swirled around Mr. Betancourt for years, according to a person close to the administration.

This year, State Department officials tried to pressure the Swiss government to ease up on investigations into Mr. Betancourt and asked the British government to lift travel restrictions on him, said the person familiar with the U.S. government's efforts. The department also gave Mr. Betancourt a multiple-entry visa to the United States so he could meet with Trump administration officials.

The Washington Post reported earlier on details of the administration's efforts to help Mr. Betancourt.

The Pentagon did not answer specific questions about how its Office of Strategic Capital would work with Mr. Betancourt's company. The office “conducts extensive due diligence and comprehensive legal review of potential transactions to fulfill all applicable legal and regulatory requirements,” Kingsley Wilson, the Pentagon's press secretary, said.

Julie Turkewitz and Simon Romero contributed reporting.

PERSONAL FINANCE

Promises for ‘Delightful’ Fixes to the FAFSA

Officials say that changes will simplify a college financial aid form that's caused stress for applicants.

TILL LAUER

Your Money Adviser By ANN CARRNS

Filling out the FAFSA college student aid form may not yet be “delightful,” as federal officials hope. But after fixes triggered by a notorious technical meltdown three years ago, the online application may start to shed its burden-some reputation.

The FAFSA update for the 2027-28 academic year is undergoing testing and is scheduled to be made widely available to students by Oct. 1, the traditional annual opening date.

“It has changed tremendously for the better,” said Julia Hellmich, senior managing director of the college readiness and alumni support program at KIPP DC, a network of charter schools in Washington. KIPP DC students participated in testing of the new form this month.

The new form can generally be completed quickly, and gives students an estimate of their financial aid eligibility much faster than previous versions did, according to Federal Student Aid officials as well as advocates and parents who have tested it.

A government website was upbeat, telling users, “There’s a lot to look forward to” in the new FAFSA. It said changes, like tweaks to the wording of some questions, “aim to make the applicant experience quicker and more delightful.”

That should be welcome news for families in a year that has brought worrisome changes to the world of student aid, including new borrowing limits on education loans for parents and graduate students.

The FAFSA now has a new feature, added in April for the current, 2026-27 form and kept for the coming October version, that could be off-putting for some students: embedded fraud detection screening, which could require some students to verify their identities on camera while completing the form.

Here's what to know about this year's form.

What is the FAFSA?

The FAFSA, short for the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, is required for students seeking federal financial aid for studies beyond high school. The form collects personal and financial information from students and parents and calculates eligibility for federal aid, including grants, work-study programs and low-cost loans.

Many states and many universities also use the form to divvy up their own need-based aid. About two million high school seniors typically file the form each year, according to the National College Attainment Network, a nonprofit that promotes college attendance. And research shows that high school seniors who complete the FAFSA are

more likely to attend college right after graduation.

Are things expected to go smoothly this year?

Yes, based on early trials of the form, known as beta testing. “It’s 99 percent running smoothly,” said Eddy Conroy, a spokesman for the National College Attainment Network. Several of the group’s member organizations have participated in the testing, which began in early August and expanded to a wider pool of students on Monday.

About 2,300 forms were completed in the first stage of beta testing, according to the Education Department, and larger numbers are going to be processed in the coming weeks.

Live testing of the form before its wide release has become routine as part of the effort to catch potential issues early. In the fall of 2023, during a major overhaul of the form under the Biden administration, serious glitches delayed the form's availability by about three months. The situation improved in 2024 after early testing helped identify problems, but the form was still delayed by a month. Last fall, under the Trump administration, the FAFSA opened to the public on time.

Can I participate in testing?

Early testers were invited by community groups and schools chosen by the Education Department in seven states (Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Mississippi, New York and Pennsylvania) as well as in Washington, D.C., Puerto Rico and the Marshall Islands (which has close ties to the United States).

You can join the latest test phase by submitting a request online at StudentAid.gov. If you are chosen, you'll be notified by email. If you complete the form during the testing period, you won't need to resubmit it later; the forms filed during the test are official FAFSAs.

Financial aid experts say it's fine to wait until October to complete the form. "There's no advantage or disadvantage" to filing it before then, said Sarah Austin, a policy analyst at the National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators — unless you want to cross a task off your to-do list. "If October is a significantly busy month for you, you can absolutely request to participate now," she said.

Leslie Smith, 57, who lives in Washington and is a part-time student, said she and her daughter, a sophomore at American University, had each filled out the form at an event hosted by College Track, a national college readiness and completion program. “I like to get stuff off my plate,” Ms. Smith said. Because she had filled out the form

before, she said, most of her information was already there. It took her less than 15 minutes to complete it.

Once the form opens to the public, it's typically best to submit it as soon as you can, Ms. Austin said. That's because states and colleges may have limited aid and often set priority deadlines for applications, some as early as mid-January. If you wait too long, you may miss out on money for college.

What can I expect from the form this year?

One welcome change is that students and families should get an estimate of their federal aid eligibility within a minute or two of submitting the form, Mr. Conroy said. Previously, they had to wait several days.

That's a significant improvement, he said, because students and their parents often complete the form at evening or weekend workshops. With a swift response, they can discuss the results and head home with a better idea of how much aid they can expect for college, rather than having to follow up again later.

Overall, said Aaron Lemon-Strauss, the former FAFSA program director, the average time to complete a form is now about 10 minutes per person, based on data from the current FAFSA and the beta testing that reflects first-time and returning filers. In the past, he said, it could take an hour or longer.

Manisha Mishra, deputy director of Alabama Possible, a nonprofit antipoverty group that promotes college attendance, said 127 families attended its FAFSA test event on Aug. 20 at a high school in Trussville, Ala. Most completed the form in about 15 to 20 minutes, she said.

At KIPP DC, 175 students participated in testing this year, with 40 percent completing the form at an in-person event. That's an increase from 20 percent last year, when KIPP DC first joined the testing, a spokesman said.

Does the form have new security features?

So-called real-time identity screening tools were added to the FAFSA in April to reduce student aid fraud, the Federal Student Aid department said. Based on the analysis of the built-in tools, participants considered “high risk” would be required to confirm their identities on camera by showing a government-issued ID, like a driver’s license. Factors used to assess risk might include mouse and keyboard movement that suggest automation, and whether the applicant’s location fits with his or her home and school addresses, according to a summary provided during a summit on higher-education fraud in July. The high-risk screening could affect about 3 percent of people filling out the FAFSA, officials have said.

Dear Client, Thieves May Be Eyeing Your Home. No Worries.

A mortgage servicer's letter about an address change leads down a bank rabbit hole and raises questions about deed theft.

ALAIN PILON

How Did This Happen? By RON LIEBER

Welcome back from vacation! Someone may have stolen your home.

That isn't precisely what the paper letter from PNC Bank, my mortgage servicer, said, but it was close.

It had displayed, in large font, a highlighted exclamation point followed by a foreboding message — “We’re confirming changes to your address” — across the top. The letter went on. “We recently received changes to your address information for your account (s), due to an address change request submitted by you or a joint account holder, either to PNC directly or through the U.S. Postal Service.”

My wife and I had made no such request. But in a world where deed theft — the attempt to literally swipe your property out from under you — is rampant, the letter signaled that thieves might be up to no good.

But were they? It was way harder than it should have been to answer that question.

After checking PNC's website and seeing no evidence of an address change, I called the 800 number on the letter, as it instructed me to do. In these sorts of instances, it's best to first make sure that the letter itself is not fake and check that phone number against the company website.

The representative on the phone couldn't explain the letter, saw no evidence of it in her systems and told me I could disregard it. That wasn't reassuring ing, so she told me that I could add a layer of security to my account, but only if I went to a PNC branch.

At 200 Broadway in Manhattan, I encountered Jonathan Villagomez, a patient branch banker. He didn't know about this supposed heightened security feature, and he made one call and then another to track it down.

During the second call, he passed the phone to me. I spent about 15 minutes with a rep trying to sort it out, and the rep eventually said there actually wasn't any additional layer of security. The whole branch adventure had been a waste of everyone's time.

The original rep I spoke to on the phone, before going to the branch, was both right and wrong, according to a PNC spokeswoman I eventually contacted. The bank had sent the letter in error, so it was fine to disregard. Somewhere along the way, something about the absence of our apartment number in one of its records tripped up its systems and led to a belief that someone had changed our address.

But that original rep was wrong that there was any additional available security. We already had two-factor authentication set up (which can keep thieves out of your account if they can't intercept the code that the bank sends in the moment), and that was going to be the best we could do.

The bank spokeswoman said it was working to ensure that its reps “have clear guidance for addressing questions related to incidents such as this.”

Mistakes are inevitable at big banks with millions of customers. So are the resulting scarygrams like the one we got in the mail, though it's good that the bank confirms that the address changes it detects are real and intentional. But there was in fact more we could do to protect our deed, and we went ahead and did it.

Many local governmental bodies, including ours, allow you to set up an alert for any changes to your deed. So we did that by going to a New York City website.

A quick search for the name of your town or county and something like “property protection alerts” should lead you there, though be on the lookout for fake government websites. If there are no alerts in your area, ask your elected officials to add them.

Then there's EquityProtect, which for \$149.99 per year will let you in on a process it has developed that can stop deed theft. The company attaches a kind of lock to your title that creates a roadblock for thieves who are trying to sell your property or borrow against it while pretending they are the legitimate owners.

Jon Dovidio, EquityProtect's vice president of business development, said I was right to send up flares with PNC. He pointed me to a harrowing case in Queens in which the owner of an inherited property got an email from the mortgage servicer about an address change. He contacted the company and discovered that someone had paid off the loan. When he went to the property, he encountered construction workers throwing his childhood photo albums into a dumpster.

I didn't sign up for EquityProtect and probably won't for now, so this is not necessarily an endorsement. Deed theft often occurs when criminals take advantage of older owners or target vacant properties where the owner may have recently died and heirs are delayed or distracted. That's not our situation, but if it was, I'd think hard about whether EquityProtect's offering was worth it.

You or someone close to you might fit this description, though. If you do, don't let your paper mail or email pile up. After all, your next letter could be the real thing.

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MARK LAMBIE/EL PASO TIMES, VIA USA TODAY NETWORK —

Benjamin Alire Sáenz, Novelist Who Felt at Home on the Border, Dies at 71

By JERÉ LONGMAN

Benjamin Alire Sáenz in 2020 in El Paso, where he found his voice, a sense of acceptance and spent much of his working life.

Benjamin Alire Sáenz, the first Latino novelist to win the PEN/Faulkner Award, and who examined — in poetry and prose — identity, belonging and sexuality along the physical, psychic and cultural border between the United States and Mexico, died on July 28 in El Paso. He was 71.

The death, in a hospital, was of complications from a lung disorder, his sister, Gloria Woods, said.

Mr. Sáenz (pronounced "signs") experienced the fluidity of borders in all aspects of his life: in his travels between El Paso and Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, its sister city across the Rio Grande; in the duality of the English and Spanish languages; in the themes he explored as a writer of children's, young adult and literary fiction; and in his complicated life as a one-time Catholic priest who, upon leaving the clergy, married and divorced, then publicly acknowledged at age 54 that he was gay.

Mr. Sáenz occupied “that liminal space; I would call it living in between,” his friend Daniel Chacón, the chairman of the creative writing department at the University of Texas, El Paso, said in an interview.

Writing, Mr. Sáenz often said, provided him with healing salvation from the double trauma of sexual abuse as a boy and substance abuse as an adult. It also brought him clarity, direction and hope during his journey toward self-discovery.

“I write all my books to save my life, I think,” he told Texas Monthly in 2013.

Born on a small farm in New Mexico, he lived most of his professional life roughly 50 miles to the south, in El Paso, where he completed his education and found his voice and a sense of acceptance.

In El Paso, he witnessed and experienced the discrimination and racism directed at Mexican Americans, who make up more than 80 percent of the city's population. It was also a community, he described in a 2023 TEDx talk, that was “too hard-working, too forgiving and too generous to live in anger and rage.”

"I believe that a writer's job is to bear witness, and I want to bear witness that the border is not just a [expletive] metaphor, that we are people," he told Con Safos magazine in 2017.

Most of his two-dozen plus books took place along the U.S.-Mexican border. The two most highly regarded were published in 2012: “Everything Begins and Ends at the Kentucky Club,” a story collection that won the 2013 PEN/Faulkner Award, and “Aristotle and Dante Discover the Secrets of the Universe,” which Time magazine in 2021 named one of the 100 best young adult novels ever written. A film version was released in 2022.

The Kentucky Club is a real-life, prohibition-era bar in Juárez, a few blocks south of the border. Mr. Sáenz's story collection illuminated the lives of marginalized people trapped in the pain of violence and the self-destructiveness of drugs, and those who were searching for grace amid their despair.

“We, on the border, want to live,” he told The Los Angeles Review of Books in 2013. “I write stories of survival. The teller has survived to tell the tale. I am one of those survivors.”

In one story, “The Hurting Game,” Michael, the narrator, discusses his inability to form an intimate bond with a friend, an anxiety that Mr. Sáenz said he himself experienced after being abused. “Some people knew how to love and some people didn’t,” Michael says. “Tom was the former. I was the latter. I didn’t know which one of us had it worse.”

In its first week of publication, "Aristotle and Dante" sold a disappointing 11 copies, Mr. Sáenz said in 2022 on the "Latino USA" public radio show.

Thanks to strong reviews and an audiobook narrated by the "Hamilton" playwright and songwriter Lin-Manuel Miranda, sales of “Aristotle and Dante” eventually surged past one million copies. The book was translated into at least two dozen languages, becoming his best-known and most commercially successful work.

'I write all my books to save my life, I think,' the former Catholic priest said.

"Aristotle and Dante" unfurls with Ari realizing that he is in love with his friend, Dante, and eventually overcoming his fear of acknowledging his feelings, a catharsis that Mr. Sáenz said he, too, needed to experience in order to write both "Kentucky Club" and "Aristotle and Dante."

In 1994, he married Patricia Macias, a family court judge in El Paso. The marriage ended in divorce in 2008 during a turbulent and decisive period in which he entered treatment for drug and alcohol abuse, resolved while in therapy that he was gay, and stopped blaming himself for being sexually abused.

“We feel like we're always a fraud,” Mr. Sáenz said of abuse victims on “Latino USA.” His therapist guided him toward restoration, he said, in part by asking who wrote his books. He said he did, of course — to which his therapist responded reassuringly, “You're not an impostor.”

Benjamin Alire Sáenz was born on Aug. 16, 1954, in the agricultural community of Old Picacho, N.M., and grew up on a farm in Mesilla, near Las Cruces, to Juan and Eloisa (Alire) Sáenz. The fourth of seven children, he said on “Latino USA” that the only thing he had of his own was a toothbrush.

At the age of 5 or 6, he began experiencing sexual abuse from a family member. He never publicly identified the perpetrator and did not comment on how long the abuse continued.

The violence, he said in the TEDx talk, left him “afraid and confused” and searching for “a world that was kinder” than the one he knew. It led him to discover that better world in books. He said he would subsequently lie in the cotton fields outside his home, seeing the shapes of elephants and palm trees in the clouds, and concocting stories in his mind.

He grew up in a Catholic family, and his first calling was the priesthood. He received a bachelor's degree in 1977 from St. Thomas Seminary in Denver, studied theology at the University of Louvain in Belgium and was ordained in 1981.

He left the clergy after three years, explaining in interviews years later that he found it lacking in what he hoped would be its mission of championing social justice and the poor. He also sensed both his sexual awakening and a desire to become a writer, and cited his inability to remain a spokesman for a Catholic Church amid sexual-abuse scandals.

“Too painful,” he told El Paso Inc. magazine in 2021.

He entered the University of Texas, El Paso, received a master's degree in creative writing in 1987, then wrote his first book of poetry, "Calendar of Dust," while on a fellowship at Stanford University. It won an American Book Award in 1992. But El Paso beck-

CINCO PUNTOS PRESS

SIMON & SCHUSTER

From top, his 2012 story collection won the PEN/Faulkner Award and “Aristotle and Dante” was named one of the 100 best young adult novels.

oned and, against the advice of his Stanford colleagues, he returned to the border city.

“I have never felt truly American, but I have always felt home in El Paso,” Mr. Sáenz said in his TEDx talk.

In addition to his sister, he is survived by two brothers, Ricardo and Joe Sáenz.

In 2010, Poets & Writers, a nonprofit literary organization, named Mr. Sáenz one of the world's 50 most inspiring authors. In 2021, he published “Aristotle and Dante Dive Into the Waters of the World,” a best-selling sequel to his original book and that addressed the AIDS epidemic.

Mr. Sáenz completed a final novel before his death, “When the World Was Happy,” which is scheduled to publish in September and is loosely based on the death in 1990 of his 13-year-old niece, Amy Hauser, during a mass shooting at a bowling alley in Las Cruces.

"Our roots of love are deep. Our pain is deep," Ms. Woods, the sister of Mr. Sáenz and mother of Ms. Hauser, said of the family in a text message. "Our love for one another is deeper than our pain."

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Jaye P. Morgan, 94, Hit Singer And Bawdy TV Personality, Dies

By JOANNE KAUFMAN

Jaye P. Morgan, a brash, big-voiced singer who had five top-20 hits over a single year in the mid-1950s — success that led to frequent guest appearances on television series, talk shows and game shows — but whose on-air high jinks sometimes overshadowed her music career, died on Aug. 24 in Longview, Wash. She was 94.

Her death, at a hospital, was confirmed by her nephew Duke M. Spencer, who said the cause was complications from a fall.

Ms. Morgan was in her early 20s when she released in 1953 her version of “Life Is Just a Bowl of Cherries,” a Depression-era song that the crooner Rudy Vallee popularized in 1931. Ms. Morgan’s rendition soon hit No. 26 on the Billboard chart.

RCA Victor signed her in 1954, and she scored her biggest hits in 1955: “That’s All I Want From You,” which reached No. 3 on the Billboard chart; “The Longest Walk,” “Danger! Heartbreak Ahead,” “If You Don’t Want My Love” and “Pepper-Hot Baby.” In 1955, too, she teamed with Perry Como to record the novelty song “Chee Chee-Oo-Chee,” which hit No. 12 on the Billboard chart, and she did a duet cover of “Mutual Admiration Society” with Eddy Arnold in 1956.

Vocally, Ms. Morgan wasn't in the same league as midcentury female pop giants like Doris Day, Rosemary Clooney, Jo Stafford and Patti Page, and she never became a durable jukebox sensation. "But while she didn't have the polish or technique of her bigger rivals — her vibrato could be wobbly and pitchy — what she lacked in style and control she more than made up for in energy and charm," Marc Myers, a music journalist and writer of the Substack newsletter JazzWax, said in an interview for this obituary earlier this year.

“Nothing about her or her voice was pretentious,” Mr. Myers added. “And she had enormous TV presence and an enchanting sunny quality that enabled her to sell the songs she recorded.”

An appearance on Johnny Carson's “The Tonight Show” in the late 1960s opened up a whole new career for Ms. Morgan as a freewheeling kook on talk shows. She waxed ribald with Mr. Carson through the early 1970s and was a familiar presence — in both senses of the phrase — on “The Merv Griffin Show.”

“Being on ‘The Tonight Show’ for five years is like being on the couch — you finally told him ev-

FRANK CARROLL/NBCUNIVERSAL, VIA GETTY IMAGES
In 1970 performing on “The Tonight Show.” She waxed ribald with Johnny Carson.

NBCUNIVERSAL, VIA GETTY IMAGES

Ms. Morgan in 1976 when she was a regularly featured panelist on “The Gong Show.”

A game show regular who developed a reputation as a freewheeling kook.

erything," Ms. Morgan said in an interview with The New York Times in 1981, referring to Mr. Carson.

“They wanted me to come on TV talk shows so I would say something that would be bleeped out,” she added. “When home audiences can use their imaginations, they think you said something much worse than you actually did.”

"The bleeps," she said, "create the fantasies."

Ms. Morgan left nothing to the imagination when, in 1978 — two years into her stint as a panelist on the antic, anarchic game show and talent competition “The Gong Show” — she flashed her breasts during a taping.

“I felt free to do anything I wanted to a certain extent,” she said in an interview for this obituary earlier this year. “I got caught up in doing the show and in the politics of the time, so I took off my blouse.” She was dropped from the show, whose producers edited out the incident before the broadcast.

Ms. Morgan insisted that she had no regrets. “I think it helped my career,” she said. “More game shows called wanting me to be on.”

Mary Margaret Morgan was born on Dec. 3, 1931, in Mancos, a town in the southwestern part of Colorado.

Her father, John Morgan, worked odd jobs as a farm hand, was an ornamental plasterworker, and then forged a career as a musician. Her mother, Josephine (Owens) Morgan, managed the household, which included Mary's sister and four brothers. She also had a half brother and half sister from her father's two previous marriages.

The spotlight found her early. As a toddler, she was presented as the newest member of the Morgan Family, a traveling country-western act that comprised her parents and most of her siblings. The group frequently performed on the radio.

CBS PHOTO ARCHIVE, VIA GETTY IMAGES

"I was 3 when I knew I could sing," Ms. Morgan recalled in the interview for this obituary. "My dad would have me stand in front of him and sing 'Daddy's Little Girl' and other songs that were popular at the time. I couldn't read yet, but someone would sing the lyrics to me, and I learned them quickly."

Jaye P. Morgan in 1954 with different models of CBS microphones. The next year, she scored a batch of hits like “That’s All I Want From You.” Frank DeVol came up with her stage name.

Mary was 13 when her father died; the family troupe disbanded. She attended high school in the Los Angeles area and started singing professionally again. A year after graduating, she began appearing as Jaye P. with an orchestra led by Frank DeVol, a noted arranger and composer.

"My name was Mary Morgan, and at the time there were a lot of singers with the last name ‘Morgan,’” she said. (Their ranks included Jane Morgan and Marion Morgan.) It was Mr. DeVol who came up with Jaye P., a play on the name of the Gilded Age financier J.P. Morgan. “Because of it, people thought I knew a lot about money, or they wanted to borrow money from me,” Ms. Morgan said jok

RECORDS/ALAMY

ingly in the interview for this obit- uary.

In 1954, she became a featured vocalist on “The Robert Q. Lewis Show,” an afternoon variety television program, where her distinctive belting style attracted a national fan base and paved the way to her first Top 10 hit, “That’s All I Want From You.”

Her success led to hosting a twice-weekly, self-titled variety show in the summer of 1956. Later, she appeared in nightclubs and on variety shows like “The Ed Sullivan Show.” She played herself on a 1973 episode of the sitcom “The Odd Couple” and five years later sang “That Old Black Magic” on “The Muppet Show” in a duet with the Muppet band Dr. Teeth and the Electric Mayhem.

"The Gong Show" imbroglio was no deterrent to Ms. Morgan, who continued to perform onstage and in cabarets. In 1984, the critic Alvin Klein wrote in The Times of her work in an Atlantic City casino production of the musical, “The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas”: “Miss Morgan’s vocal powers are in superb estate, her sense of phrasing and musicianship ever present. The performance has generosity and shading.”

That same year, a Times review by Stephen Holden of Ms. Morgan's show at a Manhattan night club noted her "sophisticated musicality," adding that her rhythmically charged reinterpretation of a ballad from the Broadway hit “La Cage aux Folles” “suggested a tougher, twangier Peggy Lee.

“Musically,” the review continued, “there is more to Miss Morgan than she likes to let on.”

Ms. Morgan was married and divorced three times. Her first marriage, in 1954, to Michael Baiano, an actor, ended in divorce the following year. Soon after, she had a short-lived marriage to Chuck Kelly, a singer. Her final marriage was to Artie Kane, a pianist and conductor.

Her son, Paul Kane, died in 2020. She had no immediate survivors.

For all the attention her curious name attracted, Ms. Morgan later reconsidered her willingness to go along with the gambit.

“We thought it would be fun, but it confused a lot of people,” she said. “I didn’t want to be Mary Morgan, but we could have thought of a much better name than Jaye P.”

Janie Bradford, 87, ‘Original Motown Family’ and Co-Writer of Label’s First Hit

JOHN SALANGSANG/INVISION, VIA AP

ABC PHOTO ARCHIVES/DISNEY GENERAL ENTERTAINMENT CONTENT, VIA GETTY IMAGES
Janie Bradford with members of the Oak Ridge Boys in 1974. Ms. Bradford joined Motown in 1959, when it was a fledgling music company owned by Berry Gordy that was still called Tamla Records.

By CLAY RISEN

Janie Bradford, a songwriter who, as a jill-of-all-trades in the earliest days of Motown Records, worked the front desk, arranged contracts and, most notably, helped write the company's first big hit, "Money (That's What I Want)," with the label's founder, Berry Gordy, died on Aug. 21 in Los Angeles. She was 87.

Her family announced the death, at a hospital. No cause was provided.

Ms. Bradford joined Mr. Gordy's fledgling music company in 1959, when it was still called Tamla Records. Officially the front-desk secretary, she did a little bit of everything, including handling contracts and artist relations. But what she really wanted to do was write songs.

One day, not long after she started, she was at her desk when Mr. Gordy breezed in, pen and paper in hand, scrawling lyrics. She asked what the song was about.

“Money,” he said, and read some of the lines: “The best things in life are free / But you can give them to the birds and bees / I need money — that’s what I want.”

Excited, Ms. Bradford blurted out lines of her own: “Your love gives me such a thrill / But your love don’t pay my bills.”

Barrett Strong, a pianist and singer, was working in an adjacent room. He joined the conversation, and the three migrated to a studio. Over the next few days, they added more lyrics, as well as instruments and, finally, Mr. Strong's raw, driving vocals.

Mr. Gordy released the song in 1959 on Tamla, a few months before it became Motown, and then again in 1960 through his sister Anna Gordy's label, Anna Records.

It was Mr. Gordy's first big hit, reaching No. 2 on the Hot R&B Sides chart and No. 23 on the Billboard Hot 100. The Beatles recorded a cover — one of many over the years — in 1963, and included it on their second studio album, "With the Beatles."

In 1979, it unexpectedly returned to the charts, this time as a cover by the English new wave band the Flying Lizards, with monotone vocals by Deborah Evans-Stickland. That version peaked at No. 5 on the U.K. Singles chart.

There was conflict, though, over who would share the riches from the song's publishing royalties. Mr. Strong, originally listed as a co-writer along with Mr. Gordy

Hired for the front desk, she did a bit of everything, including dreaming up lyrics.

and Ms. Bradford, was removed from the copyright registration three years after “Money” was written, then restored in 1987 when the copyright was renewed and removed again the next year — all at the direction of Motown executives.

In a 2013 affidavit, Ms. Bradford said that she had mistakenly listed him as a co-writer on the copyright form in 1959.

The swift success of “Money” allowed Ms. Bradford to spend more time writing songs. She wrote or co-wrote several for Mary Wells, including (with Smokey Robinson) “Your Old Standby” (1963). She and Mr. Strong joined Norman Whitfield in writing “Too Busy Thinking About My Baby,” first recorded by the Temptations in 1966 and then by Marvin Gaye in 1969.

"Janie was one of a special group I have always thought of as the original Motown family — the unsung heroes who believed in the dream before anyone knew what Motown would become," Mr. Gordy said in a statement after her death. "She was one of the people who helped make Motown

what it became."

Ms. Bradford was born on June 2, 1939, in Charleston, Mo., a small city near the confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers, where her father, Richard, was a Baptist minister. Her mother, Elizabeth, managed the home.

The family later lived in St. Louis and Detroit. Among their Detroit neighbors was the singer Jackie Wilson, then beginning his career. Ms. Bradford, an avid poet, asked Mr. Wilson to introduce her to Mr. Gordy, who wrote his songs.

When they met, she told Mr. Gordy that she was something of a songwriter herself — although all she had at that point were poems. A few months later, she was surprised when Mr. Wilson brought Mr. Gordy to her house to hear some of her work.

“I knew there was a difference between poetry and songwriting,” she told the journalist Bill Dahl for his book “Motown: The Golden Years” (2001). “But I went and got my poetry and pretended I thought they were lyrics.”

They were good enough: Two of

Ms. Bradford in 2015. She worked on “Money (That’s What I Want)” not long after starting at Tamla. It was the first big hit for the company.

her pieces became the basis for songs on Mr. Wilson's 1959 album "Lonely Teardrops," and she received writing credit for one of them, "The Joke (Is Not on Me)," along with Gwen Gordy, Mr. Gordy's sister.

Ms. Bradford married Wardene Hobbs in 1972. He survives her, along with their children, Nicole Hobbs and Lance Finney, and two grandchildren.

After Ms. Bradford left Motown in 1984, she worked in public relations and founded a magazine about the music industry, Entertainment Connection. She later started a nonprofit organization, the Heroes and Legends Scholarship Foundation, providing support to students interested in entertainment careers.

She was inducted into the Women Songwriters Hall of Fame this year.

"When other companies talk about family, it's different — Motown really did become a family from Day 1," she told The Detroit Free Press in 2022. "We reach out to each other. We need each other."

Honor your loved ones in our pages.

nytimes@classifiedsplus.com 1-800-458-5522

The New York Times

MATT SOUIRE/FOCUS FEATURES

2 MUSIC

Organ pieces that refuse extremes and demand focus. 3 ART Robert Indiana's Maine home is for sale, counter to his will.

NEWS | CRITICISM

6 ART

6 ART Thieves nabbed priceless Bronze Age treasures from a museum in Spain.

The New York Times

MONDAY, AUGUST 31, 2026 C1

PHILIP CHEUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Did the Zodiac Kill the Black Dahlia, Too?

Michael Connelly, the novelist, thinks so. And he's ready to present ‘completely convincing’ evidence.

By ALEXANDER NAZARYAN

LOS ANGELES – When he was a young crime reporter here for The Los Angeles Times, Michael Connelly admired the detectives who worked a case even after it had gone colder than yesterday's coffee. The ones who were “undaunted and relentless,” as he recently put it, restless and patient at the same time. It's the quality that makes Harry Bosch, the detective Connelly created, such a memorable character.

"A city that forgets its murder victims is a city lost," a captain tells Bosch in one of Connelly's novels. Real cops he came to know liked that saying so much, they turned it into a sign at the cold-case unit at the Los Angeles Police Department headquarters.

When the office moved a few years ago, they gave the sign to Connelly.

"There's this emptiness that comes from knowing that people get away with it," Connelly said during an interview earlier this year in his large, bright writing room, the Hollywood sign visible through a window. He's written more than 40 novels, sold 90 CONTINUED ON PAGE C4

Michael Connelly, a reporter turned best-selling novelist, is host of the podcast “Killer in the Code.”

MUSTAFAH ABDULAZIZ FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
When a Public Pool Becomes a Lightning Rod

At the Volksbühne, Berlin's storied theater, the first production from its new director has triggered fierce debates over race, class and public space. Page 6.

In This Rom-Com, Gen Z Is a Protagonist

A new British film targets young viewers by exploring romance in the digital age.

By MALIA MENDEZ

Rom-com fans often argue that the best movies in the genre are timeless.

But transcending time was not Alicia MacDonald's goal in her feature debut, "Finding Emily," which opened in theaters on Friday. Instead, the release from rom-com royalty Working Title Films, responsible for "Notting Hill" and "Bridget Jones's Diary," deliberately anchored itself in the modern era.

The idea, MacDonald said, was to speak to a specific generation's experience of love and romance.

In “Finding Emily,” one young romantic’s journey to find love might best be described as a comedy of blunders. After a seemingly fated meeting at a college bar, the romantic, Owen (Spike Fearn), asks the titular Emily for her number. Only when he tries to contact her later does he realize it is missing a digit.

Under the guidance of a different Emily, a psychology student with dubious motives CONTINUED ON PAGE C2

Angourie Rice plays the title character in "Finding Emily." The rom-com's actors served as consultants for the film.

HUGH MORRIS | CRITIC'S NOTEBOOK

FRANCO ADAMS
The composer Sarah Davachi, center, performing on the organ. Her new album, “The Will of Tongues,” was recently released.

Manifesto for Listening Closely

Sarah Davachi's new collection of music may inspire you to simply sit and be captivated.

TOO OFTEN THE WAY we take in music is either quick-fire skipping or zoned-out, distracted listening. So there's something subversive about the Canadian composer Sarah Davachi, whose work refuses extremes and forces listeners to pay it their undivided attention.

"There's an ethical component to what I'm trying to do here," Davachi, 38, said in a recent interview. "People have a really hard time listening to — and, more generally, confronting — things that are difficult or uncomfortable. They need more practice in just sitting with things, and not doing something else while they're listening."

Davachi, who lives in Los Angeles, creates long-form acoustic and electroacoustic music in the lineages of Éliane Radigue, Alvin Curran and La Monte Young. In recent years she has released albums prolifically on her label, Late Music, and on Friday, she released another: the enormous “The Will of Tongues,” which runs two hours 19 minutes. It gathers solo and chamber music works written by Davachi in 2024 and 2025, performed with total commitment by Davachi on organ, along with the Chamber Choir of Ireland, the Renaissance flute consort Phaedrus, the Los Angeles brass group Diapason, and the celebrated string players Whitney Johnson, Eyvind Kang and Lucy Railton.

When played in isolated chunks, little about Davachi's music appears experimental. "The Rose Dialogues" (for three string players, organ and tape) builds on the basic principles of a canon, something composers have used for centuries. The organ piece "Canto Solo" is made of familiar building blocks like chord sequences, cadences and resolutions; over 11 minutes, it winds slowly through a pattern of chords that could feasibly go on forever. The album's most conventional work is the choral "Song of the Smile's Fig," which sounds like Renaissance motet, but smudged and slowed.

“Song” is rare in Davachi’s music for using equal temperament, the orthodox way of dividing the Western scale into equal segments. Elsewhere, she explores historical temperaments, which divide the scale into unequal parts, creating inconsistencies in timbre for her to exploit. “Four Narrow Forms,” for organ, uses a “well temperament” designed by Herbert Kellner in 1975. (Kellner sought a less consistent, more colorful tuning system that Bach might have experienced in the time of his “Well-Tempered Clavier.”) Mercurial tunings battle with harmonic stasis; a single chord is built

The composer aims to 'leave the person who's listening to their own devices.'

and sustained in a variety of voicings, producing midrange rumblings and one screeching overtone. The tension between fragility and stability carries through Davachi's minutely detailed textures to an eventual unresolved close.

Davachi thinks architecturally about sound. “My job as a composer is to create the particularities of a certain kind of space,” she said, “then leave the person who’s listening to their own devices.” Her interconnected worlds are like the free range of a desolate role-playing video game. Given the lack of encroachment — any foreign elements disrupting Davachi’s homogenous worlds — the music on “The Will of Tongues” feels natural, even primordial.

There's an experimental streak in her background, too. Davachi's undergraduate degree is in philosophy, and she carried her interest in phenomenology — the study of individual experience and subjective reality — into a musicology doctoral thesis that explored “timbre and the poetics of affect.”

Davachi said that she never seeks to control a listener's experience. Nevertheless, her work carries the expectation of complete attention. A regular feeling while listening to “The Will of Tongues” is getting halfway through a track, realizing your mind has wandered — or that you have opened your phone — and having to start the piece again, feeling that you’ve missed some crucial information. In its steely restraint, the music lays bare our limitations, and makes us work to overcome them.

With compositional interests in duration and pacing, Davachi's structures seem to proceed intuitively, even when building on established classical forms. "Over time, I've been able to lock in and understand what five minutes feels like, or what 10 minutes feels like," she said. "The Will of Tongues" is broken up by three "Interludes," taken from Davachi's series of open scores designed for groups of similar instruments. (Normally, interludes are brief palate cleansers. Davachi's shortest is six minutes long.) Their structures unfold kinetically, with performers given the freedom to take different paths. You can hear musicians working things out, achieving Davachi's desired "consort-like" sound.

In slow-moving, long-form works, changes become events. John Cage's "Organ $^{2}$ /ASLSP," an organ piece that's set to finish in the year 2640, takes this to the extreme, with every additional note that's added to Cage's cluster chord setting off a frenzy. Similar shifts occur on "The Will of Tongues." Seven minutes into the second part of "The Rose Dialogues," a violin gently grates against the mellifluous organ timbre. Toward the end of "The Second Tuning," a form that seems close to expiration is resuscitated. These are the light punctuation marks on Davachi's smooth, unchained sentences.

There is a sadness to Davichi's music, given its power to expose our shortcomings as listeners. But it doesn't admonish. Instead, on “The Will of Tongues,” it encourages, offering a manifesto for listening without distraction.

In This Rom-Com, Gen Z Is a Protagonist

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1 (Angourie Rice), Owen, who's not a student, performs a series of increasingly ridiculous stunts to find his lost love interest. His persistent if excessive efforts land him in the doghouse with a coalition of campus women whose protest turns his love life into a viral spectacle.

Much of the humor revolves around Owen's floundering amid a modern culture that regards his well-intentioned romantic gestures with skepticism. Among other things, the movie pokes fun at stereotypically Gen Z behaviors: crusading, eschewing sincerity, broadcasting opinions online. But it also makes an effort to speak the generation's language with topical themes and age-accurate casting — and TikTok celebrity cameos, to boot.

Rachel Hirons, who wrote the screenplay, said her own college experience informed the story. She recalled how, in that stage of her life, she was zealous and unmoving in her convictions.

“You have essays that you’ve got to write when you’re in university,” the screenwriter said. “You have to have a point of view.” At that age, she said: “You’re so staunch and sure of yourself and your beliefs. That fed the plot really well.”

Hirons said Owen felt like one of the “Manchester lads” she grew up with. They were always amusing “without trying to be or without consciously being, just because they’re not so socially delicate as most people are.”

She added: “They’re kind of funny by nature rather than, like, ‘Here’s a punchline.’”

MacDonald said “there was a satirical element” to the film, but that she sought to ensure it did not make viewers feel alienated. “I’ve always been interested in how you can bring people into the joke,” she said.

She added that she felt “Finding Emily” struck a tone similar to Tina Fey’s speech in the film “Mean Girls.” In it, Fey urges female high school students: “You all have got to stop calling each other sluts and whores. It just makes it OK for guys to call you sluts and whores." Both films, MacDonald said, aimed to earnestly touch on gender politics while retaining their humor.

PHOTOGRAPHS BY MATT SQUIRE/FOCUS FEATURES
Top, Spike Fearn with Angourie Rice in "Finding Emily." Above, the director Alicia MacDonald, center, working with the cast on the set of the movie.

The director said her movie's sensibility and humor were also shaped by its cast members, who she felt strongly should be the same age as their characters. (Fearn and Rice were 23 when “Finding Emily” was filmed.)

MacDonald pointed to “10 Things I Hate About You,” a Shakespearean rom-com that unfolds on a high school campus. Julia Stiles and Heath Ledger, the movie’s stars, were in their late teens when they filmed it.

“I think that’s why it’s one of the iconic ones,” she said, “because it feels real.”

On the set of “Finding Emily,” cast members doubled as MacDonald’s Gen Z consultants. (The director is 41.) She recalled regularly checking with them, “Would you say this?”

The director also tended to leave the camera running, just to see what might happen. Fearn and Rice said several moments of improvised banter made the final cut.

When Fearn held a hometown screening of the movie in Leicestershire, England, one friend told him, “You weren’t even acting in that one.”

As much as Fearn and Rice slipped into their characters, those characters in turn seeped into them. Fearn, who likened Owen's comical moments to scenes from British mockumentaries like "The Office" and "This Country," said he played up the cringe whenever he could.

Feeling very close to Owen, even after filming wrapped, Fearn said he wondered, "Maybe I am really awkward."

Rice said, “When I was playing Emily, I was more spontaneous and more like her.”

Between setups for one party scene, the actress recalled hopping from trailer to trailer, doing tarot readings for fellow cast members. “It was good fun,” she said, like much of her time on set.

“What it’s like watching the movie,” Fearn said, “is how it felt when we were filming it.” Rice agreed.

Five Takeaways From Shakur Trial

The jury is expected to begin deliberations in the case this week.

By ANUSHA BAYYA

The murder case against Duane Keith Davis, who is accused of orchestrating the shooting of the rapper Tupac Shakur, will be in the hands of the jury in Las Vegas this week.

The prosecutors say that on Sept. 7, 1996, Mr. Davis was one of four people in a white Cadillac that pulled up at a red light alongside a BMW carrying Mr. Shakur and his record label boss Marion Knight, known as Suge.

Mr. Davis is charged with acquiring the gun used to shoot Mr. Shakur. Although Mr. Davis is not accused of pulling the trigger, prosecutors claim he was instrumental in the murder. His 2019 self-published memoir about his time as a gang member in Compton, Calif., which said he was in the Cadillac, helped propel the case to trial.

Mr. Davis, 63, has pleaded not guilty to one count of murder with the use of a deadly weapon. Closing arguments are scheduled for Monday. Both sides finished presenting their cases to a jury last week, wrapping up sooner than anticipated after certain witnesses, including Mr. Knight, were not called to testify by either side.

Here are five takeaways from the second week of the trial.

The jurors heard Mr. Davis's voice over and over.

In opening statements, Binu Palal, a prosecutor, told jurors that on the night of a Mike Tyson prize-fight, a feud between record companies on the East and West coasts and their affiliated Compton-based gangs had come to a head. Mr. Shakur's shooting, Mr. Palal said, was a vengeful act. He added, "Remarkably, you will learn that from Duane Davis himself." Jurors have heard recordings of Mr. Davis recounting his role that night to the authorities, documentary filmmakers and YouTube interviewers.

In a 2008 interview and under a proffer agreement, Mr. Davis first gave the authorities an account that most closely resembles what he is being prosecuted for. He recalled being provided a gun by an associate of Sean Combs, the owner of the rival record company that had been at war with Mr. Knight's label, Death Row Records. (Mr. Combs has long denied any connection to Mr. Shakur's death.) Mr. Davis decided to pursue Mr. Knight and Mr. Shakur after an attack on his nephew, Orlando Anderson, he said. After failing to find them at a club, Mr. Davis, his nephew and two other men were heading to a hotel when they spotted the BMW, he said, and Mr. Davis passed the gun to the back of the car; Mr. Anderson shot at the vehicle after another man refused.

Jurors heard Mr. Davis repeat parts of this account in a 2009 interview with law enforcement officials, and again years later as he spoke to the showrunner of a documentary related to the shooting. The details varied; sometimes, he denied knowing who fired the gun. In audio clips played at trial, Mr. Davis's lawyer at the time, Wayne Higgins, can be heard acknowledging that Mr. Davis is prone to boasting, something his current lawyer, Michael Sanft, has echoed in his efforts to paint Mr. Davis's statements as self-aggrandizing exaggerations in the name of making money.

The defense said there was a lack of physical evidence.

Mr. Davis's voice formed the crux of the prosecution's evidence, but Mr. Sanft homed in on the lack of physical evidence tying his client to the crime or to Las Vegas the night of the shooting.

Dan Long, a former Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department detective who testified as a defense witness, described his fruitless efforts to locate the murder weapon and the Cadillac that Mr. Davis and his associates purportedly rode in. Another former member of the department recalled running bullet casings recovered at the scene of the shooting through a system known as the National Integrated Ballistic Information Network, first in 2003 and again in 2023, to see if they matched a weapon on file. Again, one failed to materialize.

Robert Ladd, a retired Compton Police Department detective who once worked in its gang unit, testified last week that Compton residences affiliated with Mr. Davis were searched in the late 1990s amid escalating tensions between the South Side Compton Crips and the rival Mob Piru Bloods gang, associated with Death Row Records. A hotel receipt, a bill from the Monte Carlo casino and a letter from the Excalibur Hotel addressed to Mr. Anderson were recovered that potentially tied Mr.

Davis to Las Vegas, but Mr. Ladd did not know where those items were now.

A former officer described Mr. Davis as a 'shot caller.'

Mr. Ladd described to jurors the mechanics of the 55 or so gangs in Compton at the time, which largely fell into one of two camps: the Crips and the Bloods.

Mr. Davis, a Crip, was at the top of the food chain. “He was a shot caller,” Mr. Ladd testified. “He could tell the younger gangsters what to do.”

Mr. Ladd was one of dozens of officers who encountered the aftermath of Mr. Shakur's death and the gang war that ensued in Compton. He recalled a spate of what he called retaliatory shootings, and said he assumed that the Crips had been responsible for Mr. Shakur's death.

On cross-examination, Mr. Sanft emphasized that none of the four people said to have been in the Cadillac were killed during the ensuing violence, and that Mr. Ladd had no proof that Mr. Davis had ordered any of the shootings.

But Mr. Ladd testified that if, as the prosecutors say, Mr. Davis and his three associates were in the Cadillac that night, Mr. Davis would have been the one to give the order to shoot. "If he tells them not to do it, say, 'Let's handle it back in Compton,' they wouldn't had a shooting," Mr. Ladd said.

CAROLINE BREHMAN/REUTERS

STEVE MARCUS/LAS VEGAS SUN, VIA AP
A former police detective, Dan Long, above, talked about his plans to seek a warrant against the defendant, Duane Keith Davis, top.

A Las Vegas detective was ready to arrest Mr. Davis in 2009.

In 2009, a detective with the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department who had been present for an interview of Mr. Davis in California was prepared to arrest him afterward, that detective testified.

After hearing Mr. Davis admit to acquiring the murder weapon and sitting in the same car as the shooter, the detective said that he felt there was probable cause for an arrest.

The detective's intent, he said, was to "have Mr. Davis arrested for murder."

But the Clark County District Attorney's office paused after hearing audio captured during that interview of a conversation between Mr. Davis, Mr. Davis's lawyer Mr. Higgins and a member of law enforcement, after Mr. Long was asked to leave the room. In the recording, Mr. Davis can be heard asking Mr. Higgins and Daryn Dupree, a former Los Angeles Police Department detective investigating a 1997 murder of another rapper, whether he should tell Mr. Long that he had the gun. "Stay consistent," Mr. Dupree responds. "Cause the story's already been told."

Mr. Long eventually caught wind of a proffer agreement, which would have protected Mr. Davis from being prosecuted based on that conversation. Mr. Long made attempts to contact Mr. Higgins and the U.S. attorney's office in California, where the interview occurred. Nobody replied, he said.

Some potential witnesses have not been heard.

A handful of missing voices, some of whom the defense has claimed offer critical answers to unanswered questions, have loomed over these proceedings.

Those figures include Greg Kading, a former Los Angeles detective who interviewed Mr. Davis in 2008 and later wrote a book about the saga, and Clifford Mogg, a retired homicide detective who helped shepherd the case to trial.

Another potential witness, Corey Edwards, who prosecutors claim was with Mr. Davis in Las Vegas the day of the shooting, was not at his residence when authorities tried to arrest him this month, nor was he at another Compton location when authorities tried again last Monday.

ANSWERS TO PREVIOUS PUZZLES

Robert Indiana's Star of Hope Home Is for Sale

TRISTAN SPINSKI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
LAUREN CASSELBERRY/ASSOCIATED PRESS

The foundation that inherited the artist's historic Maine property is changing its focus.

By MURRAY CARPENTER

For decades, the artist Robert Indiana lived in his Star of Hope, a rambling 19th-century former Odd Fellows lodge that looms over Main Street on Vinalhaven, an island off the Maine coast.

Indiana died in 2018, and his will directed that his home be re-envisioned as a building dedicated to art — his own and work by others.

“It is my intent that my Star of Hope real estate be restored to museum quality for use as an art environment open to the public for visits, classes and lectures and for the continued preservation, promotion, exhibition and use of my collection and real estate,” the will said.

After Indiana's death, the Star of Hope Foundation, which the artist created to protect his legacy and which inherited his estate, began to transform the lodge into a public art space. But now it plans to put the building and another one he owned on the market as the foundation shifts its focus from managing the properties to directly supporting art and cultural initiatives on Vinalhaven.

Last week, the foundation listed the Star of Hope for sale at \$1.4 million and a smaller building, a few doors down, for \$210,000.

Carole Martin, the foundation's managing director, said its goal of supporting art and artists would be better met if it withdraws from property management.

"These properties are not our purpose — supporting artists is," Martin said in an email. "Selling these properties allows us to convert those assets into philanthropic capital and put resources directly into Maine's arts community."

Not everyone is pleased, though, with the foundation's change in direction.

Kevin Lipson, a partner at Venable LLP who represented Indiana's estate in litigation, said the sale does not comport with the artist's will.

"It is a remarkable repudiation of Robert Indiana's testamentary intent," Lipson said. "He wanted and expected a museum of some sort on Vinalhaven and that apparently is not in the cards."

Criticism has also come from a Vinalhaven Facebook group and from others on the island.

"I knew Bob Indiana, and he told me that he wanted that building to be used for art, education and research, and he talked about young people being able to work there, and have space and learn about art," said Marjorie Stratton, who works as the town manager but said these were her personal thoughts. "It just makes me sad that this foundation doesn't seem to be following through with what he told me he wanted that to be."

Indiana was best known for his sculpture "LOVE," with its jaunty slanted O, which became a symbol of the 1960s counterculture. In 1978, he fled New York for Vinalhaven, where he spent the next 40 years in his

Graham Bowley contributed reporting.

home, a local landmark with a widow's walk overlooking a harbor full of lobster boats that opens into Penobscot Bay.

The building is on the National Register of Historic Places, though such a designation does not govern the use of private property. When Indiana died, the paint was peeling and the clapboards rotting, and a blue tarp covered a leaky roof. Since then, contractors for the foundation have stabilized and partly renovated the building.

Photos for the listing show a trim exterior. They also show the once-ornate interior, with tall ceilings and cornice moldings, in varying states of disrepair, with peeling paint and exposed framing and lath.

The estate Indiana left to the foundation is worth tens of millions of dollars, but the aftermath of his death was rife with disputes over whether he had been taken advantage of in his later years and a snarl of legal challenges over royalties.

In 2019, when the foundation held public meetings, Vinalhaven residents raised concerns over the fate of the building. Some worried a museum would attract many more tourists to the island, where the population already more than doubles in the

Robert Indiana, known for his “LOVE” artworks, wanted his home in Vinalhaven, Maine, top, to become a museum. But the foundation that owns it plans to sell the building.

summer. Others thought the foundation's board had insufficient representation from Vinalhaven residents.

By 2021, the foundation said it was collaborating with a local school to celebrate Youth Art Month, and that it had stabilized the building, repaired its mansard roof and restored the windows and doors. But last week, Martin said the building still posed structural and regulatory challenges.

"We are one of many organizations trying to solve a hard problem — how to bring new life to a building that has sat empty for years

— and we believe a sale, paired with direct investment in the island's artists and organizations, is the most honest path forward," Martin said. "We know this decision will be met with mixed feelings, and we respect that."

Elaine Crossman, who knew Indiana and owns a motel and an art gallery on Main Street, said she understood the foundation's decision to sell, though she recognized it was not the popular sentiment on the island. She said it seemed like the renovation had become an expensive quagmire. Crossman said she hoped that under a new owner the building would become vibrant again.

“I would love to see those first-floor store-fronts become available for businesses again,” she said. “I’m optimistic that this is actually a really positive move. My hope would be that this is a big step in the right direction for that group to be able to do some positive work in the community.”

Two Not Touch

Put two stars in each row, column and region of the grid. No two stars may touch, not even diagonally. Copyright © 2024 www.krazydad.com

Brain Tickler

Insert a six-letter woman's name backward in each set of dashes to complete a familiar phrase. 1. WRONG ON SO MA____ LS 2. JUV____ _OURT 3. B____ _LIPPERS

PUZZLE BY WILL SHORTZ

KenKen

SATURDAY'S ANSWER Ports, sport, strop

Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication or division, as indicated in the box. A 4x4 grid will use the digits 1-4. A 6x6 grid will use 1-6.
For more games: www.nytimes.com/games KenKen® is a registered trademark of Nextoy, LLC. Copyright © 2024 www.KENKEN.com. All rights reserved.

1	4	2	3
4	2	3	1
2	3	1	4
3	1	4	2

Crossword | Edited by Will Shortz

ACROSS 1 Part of a dance 5 Sch. with the Daily Bruin newspaper 9 Slightly intoxicated 14 Fancy 15 Worms and such on hooks 16 Be of the same mind 17 Redding with two posthumous Grammys 18 "Sesame Street" character who was once sung to sleep by Andrea Bocelli 19 Ransacks 20 One who regularly drops things 23 The : English :: _ : French 24 Letter after sigma 25 One dining on Friskies 28 Role for Selena Gomez on "Only Murders in the Building" 31 Umbrella-shaped sea creature 34 Director DuVernay 35 Pathetic

36 Examine at length 37 Took shots first, then paid for them later 40 Clothing sizes for shorter women 41 Ski in zigzags 42 "Far out!" 43 Tetra- minus one 44 Newlyweds' getaway 46 Owl sounds 48 Actress de Armas 49 401(k) relative 50 "Need an ark? I Noah guy," e.g. 51 "Tell everyone!" ... or what to do with the starts of 20-, 31- and 44-Across? 58 Inuit for "house" 60 Italian hello 61 Et ____ (and others: Lat.) 62 Tennis locale 63 Pre-Easter observance 64 R-rated, maybe 65 A cube has 12 of them 66 Petrol brand

ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE

PUZZLE BY CHRISTOPHER YOUNGS

8/31/26

67 Easter egg decorating supplies

DOWN 1 Mess maker 2 Attire for the Sugar Plum Fairy 3 Off-ramp 4 Pulverizing tool 5 Alternatives to Lyfts 6 Baby whale 7 In finite supply 8 Lacking a musical key 9 A ____ as old as time 10 Composer Stravinsky 11 Ham on an antipasto platter 12 Solidify 13 "You called?"

21 Sinuous swimmer
22 Swallowed hard
26 Aver
27 Graduate student's project
28 P. Johnson (gay rights activist)
29 Island of Arthurian legend
30 Fruit-resembling mollusk
31 The "one" of a one-two
32 So far
33 Part of the week that workers look forward to: Abbr.
35 Lunch item that might be made with cold cuts, in slang

Play all of our games plus over 10,000 past puzzles for Wordle, Spelling Bee, The Crossword and more online at http://nytimes.com/games. For puzzle talk, visit http://nytimes.com/wordplay.

38 Ginger ____ 39 Cup-and-ball or yo-yo 40 Deep-dish vessel 42 Support staff for a rock band 45 Soothsayer 46 Tint 47 "To victory!" 50 Part of an Instagram post 52 Skin opening 53 Goes bad 54 Gets bronzed at the beach 55 Brand with "anti-aging" products 56 Bibimbap base 57 Pages on a desk calendar 58 "Rocks" at a bar 59 Lead-in to forbid or forsaken

This Week on TV A SELECTION OF SHOWS, SPECIALS AND MOVIES. BY SHIVANI GONZALEZ

From left: Sally Carden, Alix Earle and Ashtin Earle in “Earle Meets World,” on Netflix.
NETFLIX

New and Returning Reality Shows

This summer, “Love Island U.S.A.” viewers went on a 35-episode journey with this year’s contestants — and now, with this reunion special, we get a status update on the romantic relationships, friendships and feuds that formed during the season. Hosted by Andy Cohen and Ariana Madix, the special will feature interviews with the islanders, unseen footage and an airing of dirty laundry. Monday at 9 p.m. on Peacock.

"Jersey Shore" cast members have been fist-bumping together since 2009, when the first iteration of the show premiered. Now "Jersey Shore: Family Vacation," which debuted in 2018, is ending after MTV canceled it this year. The Gym-Tan-Laundry crew might not be gone for long, though. The show's creator, SallyAnn Salsano told The New York Times in May: "I think there'll be another life for the show. Because there has to be; the fans are too loyal." For now, though, its final episode will run after a season of celebrating milestones, including Sammi Giancola's pregnancy. Thursday at 8 p.m. on MTV.

Since the influencer Alix Earle first gained prominence on TikTok, she has competed on “Dancing With the Stars,” begun a skin-care line and been spotted with high-profile athletes. Now Earle is giving a behind-the-scenes look at her life and her large blended family, which includes her sister, three younger half-siblings, her parents, stepfather, and stepmother, Ashley Earle (who was in the headlines as part of the highly publicized 2008 sex scandal involving Governor Eliot Spitzer of New York). The reality series “Earle Meets World” follows the family from ski vacations to parties in New York City to their New Jersey home. The show also teases Alix Earle’s perspective of her feud with the podcaster Alex Cooper. All eight episodes are available now. Begins streaming Friday on Netflix.

25th Anniversary of 9/11

Hosted by Michael Strahan, the documentary special "9/11: United We Stand — 25 Years Later" focuses less on the devastating events and more on how Americans healed emotionally and moved forward. The two-hour special features interviews with athletes, musicians, journalists and others, as well as archival footage that shows how Broadway, comedy, sports and music all became sources of comfort and connection. Tuesday at 9 p.m. on ABC.

In 2021, Netflix released the documenta-

Details and times are subject to change.

ry “Turning Point: 9/11 and the War on Terror,” which chronicled that day, the response from the administration of President George W. Bush and the subsequent invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan. Now a new documentary, “Turning Point: Generation 9/11,” looks at how that day affected those who were children at the time and who grew up in a country profoundly altered by the attacks. All five episodes are available now. Begins streaming Wednesday on Netflix.

In Deep With the Underworld

In the first season of “The Gentlemen,” which premiered in 2024, Eddie Horniman (Theo James) inherits an estate — only to find himself in the middle of a weed empire. Eddie is back for Season 2, alongside Susie Glass (Kaya Scodelario) as they find themselves more deeply ensconced in the criminal underworld and international business, which brings them to Italy. The show has been renewed for a third season, so this won’t be the end of the journey for the dysfunctional duo. All eight episodes will be released at the same time. Begins streaming Thursday on Netflix.

In “Hazardous History With Henry Winkler,” the actor leads trips down memory lane about products in America that once felt normal but, in hindsight, are questionable, such as the cigarette lighters in cars, suspended window cages for babies and water beds. The second season concludes with the episode “Surviving the ’70s,” but you can go back and catch up with his past topics on Hulu, Disney+ or the History streaming platform. Sunday at 9 p.m. on History.

Based on a 2025 novel of the same name, the new series “Marble Hall Murders” follows the previous installments “Magpie Murders” and “Moonflower Murders” with Lesley Manville reprising her role as Susan Ryeland, a literary editor. Ryeland is hired to work on a continuation novel in the Atticus Pünd detective series, written by a troubled young author. In the process, Ryeland becomes a murder suspect. Sunday at 9 p.m. on PBS.

Crime expands to Italy in "The Gentlemen."
MATT TOWERS/NETFLIX

JEOPARDY! CLUE OF THE DAY

FROM SAMUEL JOHNSON'S 1755 DICTIONARY

SELF-EFFACING SAM DEFINED THIS, HIS OCCUPATION AT THE TIME, AS "A HARMLESS DRUDGE, THAT BUSIES HIMSELF IN TRACING" WORDS

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Did the Zodiac Kill The Black Dahlia, Too?

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1

million books. The room is decorated with posters of stars who've played his characters: Titus Welliver as Bosch. Matthew McConaughey as Mickey Haller. Maggie Q as Renée Ballard.

The late nights at the Short Stop, the popular Echo Park cop bar, are long gone; Connelly lives in the Hollywood Hills now, high above the flatlands where much of the action goes down.

But what was true then remains true today. A murder unsolved is a city unmoored.

So when two of Connelly's most trusted collaborators, the retired Los Angeles Police Department detectives Rick Jackson (partly the basis for Bosch) and Mitzi Roberts (the inspiration for Ballard), came to him last year with the claim that an amateur sleuth in West Virginia had solved the most notorious murder in Los Angeles history, there was only one thing Connelly could do: work the case as if he were still a young reporter ravenous for the big scoop.

That investigation resulted in “Killer in the Code,” a podcast whose six-episode second season began this month. The 10-episode first season, which debuted in December, roiled the true-crime community by arguing that a World War II veteran, Marvin Margolis, was responsible for two of the most famous unsolved crimes in California history: the 1947 Los Angeles murder of Elizabeth Short, immortalized as the Black Dahlia, and the five killings committed by the Zodiac throughout the San Francisco Bay Area in the late 1960s.

“I have no doubts,” Connelly said in the run-up to the second season, which focuses on advancing the case against Margolis as if he were still alive. The evidence pointing to Margolis as the killer, Connelly added, was “completely convincing.”

Margolis has been floated before as a suspect in the Short killing, but never with such confidence. And he has never been previously connected with the Zodiac killings. The podcast has infuriated many in the true crime community. Connelly is viewed by some as a carpetbagger and completely out of his depth, duped by bad cryptography and shoddy evidence, the kind of thing Bosch or Ballard would see right through.

“Mike was a fine reporter, but those reporting days are in the rearview mirror,” said Larry Harnisch, a leading Black Dahlia expert who has led the opposition to “Killer in the Code.” Back when Connelly was a reporter for The Times, Harnisch was a copy editor at the paper. He hasn’t taken kindly to what he sees as the novelist’s intrusion on his domain. “I’m not going to sit silently and let them do it, because it’s a scam,” Harnisch said.

Despite the criticism, Connelly retains a conviction that he has the right guy, dismissing Harnisch and other detractors as a “small incestuous group” peddling “disproved” theories.

“I knew that, going into this, I would put my reputation on the line,” Connelly said.

“They’re invested in a different theory,” he added, “so to accept our theory, they have to accept that they’re wrong, or they’ve wasted a lot of time.”

The Patron Saint of Lost Souls

The gray goatee, the bulky frame, the raspy voice. Michael Connelly, now 70, may be one of America's most successful writers, but the vibe he gives off is of a cop on the cusp of retirement yet with something still left to prove.

Connelly admits that when he first got involved in the podcast, he did not think it would become something of a second job. (His latest novel, “Ironwood,” was published in May; a new Bosch novel, “The Hollow,” is coming in October.) He would narrate the story of Margolis, and the Black Dahlia-Zodiac link, then go back to writing books. Instead, the story has swallowed him whole.

It all began when he learned that a self-taught investigator in West Virginia claimed to have finally solved one of the Zodiac's cryptograms. "As homicide investigators like to say, it goes where it goes," Connelly said.

He can't just drop it, like a bad first draft. On Friday, he and the rest of the podcast team presented their findings at the Hertzberg-Davis Forensic Science Center, home to the forensics divisions of the Los Angeles Police Department and Sheriff's Department.

What keeps him going is an enduring fascination with Short, the patron saint of every lost soul to wander down Sunset Boulevard. “She was missing something,” Connelly said. “That’s the secret of L.A. Everybody here came from somewhere else because they’ve been missing something. Myself included.”

Born and raised in the Boston area, Short went to California in 1942 in an attempt to reconcile with her estranged father, who was living in Vallejo, a suburb of San Francisco. The effort failed. She bounced between Miami and Santa Barbara, among other places, before coming to Los Angeles in 1946, at 21. Hers was a precarious, itinerant existence, maybe not down-and-out but definitely not moving up.

On the morning of Jan. 15, 1947, a mother pushing her toddler in a stroller through the neighborhood of Leimert Park found Short's naked body in an empty lot. Lurid newspaper accounts of her killing and the investigation that followed tagged her with a nickname that has stuck to this day: the Black Dahlia.

"All murders count, but this one has a haunting resonance because it strikes at the wanderlust in all of us," Connelly said. "Here was a 22-year-old woman who was just trying to see the world, and she ends up crossing paths with a psychopath who had to take great pleasure in destroying her."

Short's torso was severed neatly between the second and third lumbar vertebrae, a complicated procedure that would have required medical expertise. The killer gave her a “Glasgow smile,” cuts extended from

Michael Connelly, right, at home in Los Angeles. From the evidence he has reviewed, below, he is convinced that Marvin Merrill, also known as Marvin Margolis, was the Zodiac killer and the murderer of Elizabeth Short, bottom, the so-called Black Dahlia.

the edges of her lips toward the ears.

There were other indignities, too horrific to describe. And there was the way the legend of the Black Dahlia, the cool seductress courting danger, obscured the fact that Short had been a real woman who felt real pain. "It's Elizabeth's last moments that are so haunting," Connelly added. "What she endured, knowing that she was alone with a monster."

Dozens of men were investigated, none charged. The case has long been cold, but for Connelly it's also frozen, preserved with chilling clarity. “I have a daughter who's just a few years older than Elizabeth Short was,” he said. “Whereas I check on my daughter's whereabouts anytime I want, Elizabeth didn't have a father who cared. She was really on her own.”

Some have depicted Short as a clueless ingénue blinded by the desire for fame. The crime writer James Ellroy published his novel “The Black Dahlia” in 1987, the same year that Connelly arrived in Los Angeles. The “sad little girl and a whore,” as Ellroy calls her, isn’t central to the novel, which focuses on two male detectives, as does the subsequent Brian De Palma film.

"To me, it kind of feels like the media emerged as one of the villains in this story because of what they did to her," Connelly said in one episode of the first season of "Killer in the Code." The podcast takes a sensitive approach to Short's challenging life. But the central question remains: Who was responsible for her death?

Last year, Connelly came across what he thought might be a route to the answer when Jackson and Roberts told him about the work of that West Virginia investigator, a cold-case obsessive named Alex Baber.

Baber's journey to that empty lot in Leimert Park was indirect. He had started out focused on an entirely different crime, wanting to crack the encrypted letters the Zodiac killer had sent to newspapers.

Baber describes his persistence as quasi-pathological: “I will dig until I find an answer one way or another,” he said in the podcast’s first episode. With the help of artificial intelligence, he claims to have solved the so-called Z13 cipher, known for its brevity (13 characters), which he believed would reveal the Zodiac’s name.

Using records available from the Social

HULTON ARCHIVE, VIA GETTY IMAGES

There remains a fascination with the unsolved case of Elizabeth Short's murder 79 years ago in Los Angeles. The podcast 'Killer in the Code' is among the latest to tackle the case in the true-crime community.

PHILIP CHEUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

PHILIP CHEUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Security Administration and the Census Bureau, Baber came up with 71 million potential names that could be solutions to Z13. "One individual's first name could be paired with another individual's surname, provided the character count and corresponding mapping aligned," he explained in an email. All that mattered, at this stage, was that the combination of first and last names fit the cipher. Then, he used A.I. to steadily winnow that cohort, partly by using what was known about the Zodiac's location, age and other characteristics. The lone suspect left standing, Baber said, was a guy named Marvin Merrill, an alias for Marvin Margolis.

Transformed by the War

“Killer in the Code” lacks the rich archival soundscape listeners have come to expect from narrative podcasts. This one is more straightforward, like Connelly himself, who narrates the series in his distinctive growl. Hearing his weary determination, you know exactly how Bosch feels every time the chiefs at Parker Center tell him to go home, pour a drink and forget about a case he’s never going to break.

When it came to the Zodiac cryptograms, Connelly recruited Ed Giorgio, a retired National Security Agency mathematics expert in both making and breaking codes. “I believe that this was a monumental discovery,” Giorgio said on the podcast.

A native of Chicago, Margolis served as a medic in World War II and lived with Short in Los Angeles for a little less than two weeks in 1946. After the murder, he was questioned and cleared. But in 1949, an police department homicide investigator told a grand jury that Margolis was “possibly a very good suspect” in Short’s murder. By then, Margolis was back in Chicago. Not unlike Short, he floated: Atlanta, Kansas, then back to California. Distance and time worked in his favor. He lived for decades before his death in 1993 without facing serious scrutiny.

"Killer in the Code" argues that Margolis

HOPPER STONE/AMAZON STUDIOS was transformed by what he saw at the Battle of Okinawa, where he was a medic. Heavy rain collapsed the field hospital inside a cave where he was working, and Margolis was buried up to his neck for 24 hours, leaving him with what the military described as “battlefield neurosis.”

Titus Welliver in “Bosch,” an Amazon series inspired by a Connelly character.

UNIVERSAL PICTURES

Aaron Eckhart, left, and Josh Hartnett in the 2006 film “The Black Dahlia.”

Robert Downey Jr., left, and Jake Gyllenhaal in David Fincher's "Zodiac."
MERRICK MORTON/PARAMOUNT PICTURES

"The guy had aggression issues from the war," Connelly said.

Margolis was embittered that he never received a Purple Heart for his wartime service. He wrote to the Department of the Navy and the White House in 1987, requesting the medal. “I bled, and fought and rose in the fields of battle when Marines, brave as they certainly were, clawed the earth to reach another inch of depth in their holes,” his letter said. “My soul deserves the recognition. My heirs should be proud.” But the commendation was never granted.

"There are clear indications of a traumatic brain injury based on the symptoms documented in his records," Baber wrote in an email. "Marvin resented the system because he felt it let him down — left him behind."

After the war, Margolis briefly took premed courses at the University of Southern California, where he participated in human dissection. He lived with a former military cryptographer, who would have had access to the kinds of books the Zodiac likely used to create his ciphers years later.

The peripatetic Short stayed with them for 12 days, at the Guardian Arms apartment complex on Hollywood Boulevard. "Police records call him her last known boyfriend," Connelly said of Margolis in the podcast's first season.

A Verdict of Sorts

The first season of “Killer in the Code” arrived at almost exactly the same time as William J. Mann’s new book, “Black Dahlia: Murder, Monsters, and Madness in Midcentury Hollywood,” which argues that Margolis is the most likely killer. Mann came to that conclusion on his own (the Zodiac killer was outside the scope of his investigation).

But many aren't persuaded. The journalist Elon Green, who has written two true crime books about New York, detailed what he saw as the podcast's shortcomings in an article for the site Defector, cheekily titled "Michael Connelly Should Stick to Fake Crime." Green believes that Margolis, who was Jewish, changed his name to Marvin Merrill to avoid the era's rampant antisemitism, not to evade law enforcement. He also unearthed evidence suggesting Margolis was in Vista, near San Diego, when the Zodiac was operating in the Bay Area. And he pointed out that Margolis was "a very real person with very real descendants who will be left to deal with its blast radius," referring to the podcast.

(Connelly has also faced accusations that he was only doing the podcast for financial gain. He said that's far from the case. "I paid for it," he said, and he hasn't recouped his costs.)

The podcast threatens to upend carefully constructed theories that have been unspooled in movies, books, YouTube videos and Reddit threads. David Fincher's 2007 film, "Zodiac," boosted the belief that Arthur Leigh Allen was the killer, though DNA analysis appeared to clear him in 2002. A 2024 Netflix documentary, "This Is the Zodiac Speaking," also points to ALA, as Allen is known online.

Steve Hodel, a former Los Angeles Police Department detective, also believes the Black Dahlia and Zodiac killings were by the same person. That person, in his view, happens to be his late father, Dr. George H. Hodel, a brilliant physician and entrepreneur. "The Merrill proposal does not withstand even basic structural scrutiny," Hodel wrote on his blog of Baber's solution to the Z13 cipher.

None of this has shaken Baber's confidence in his work. "There's nobody in history that comes remotely close to Marvin Margolis," he said. "Nobody."

The second season attempts to prove it. Stephen S. Trott, a former associate U.S. attorney general, deputy Los Angeles County district attorney and a senior judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, says in the second episode that the podcast had produced “sufficient evidence to convince a reasonable jury beyond a reasonable doubt that this was the guy who did both.”

Baber himself might be the weakest link in the case, as Connelly acknowledges.

Short ciphers like Z13 are notoriously difficult to solve, and Baber's solution has antagonized many cryptographers, adding to the pile-on coming from true crime aficionados. David Oranchak, a Virginia software developer who was part of a trio that solved the Zodiac's Z340 cipher in 2020, posted a series of videos dismissing Baber's solution. He also compiled a lengthy brief of what he describes as Baber's history of legal troubles, misstatements and threats.

"The Z13 cipher is mathematically unsolvable because its short length accommodates almost any answer," Oranchak wrote in an email. "Lacking objective proof, Baber's team relies purely on confirmation bias: they assume their suspect's guilt and cherry-pick patterns to validate their key."

"The real story is with Alex Baber and how fundamentally untrustworthy he is," Oranchak added, lamenting that Baber has benefited from "celebrity endorsement."

Baber's suspicions have also been a moving target. He once focused on Lawrence Kane, who is often placed in the top tier of Zodiac suspects alongside Allen.

"I debunked my own theory, my initial theory," Baber said in a video call, explaining his shift. And in a subsequent email, he wrote that he had been "continuously and systematically lied about," and that aspects of his "personal and professional background have been repeatedly manipulated and misrepresented."

Soon, there could be some sort of verdict — on the podcast, at least. Rick Jackson said the police department is testing forensic material that could link Margolis to the Short killing. (The department declined to confirm that.) But physical evidence fades. Suspects die. Cases remain unsolved. Justice goes unserved.

Still, the lure is strong. Filmmakers behind an upcoming documentary series, "Deconstructing Dahlia," said last month that they had found dozens of blood samples behind drywall in the room where they believe Short was murdered. "We know it's not Marvin Margolis," said Kimberly Lupini, one of the producers, and the filmmakers have also ruled out the suspects favored by Steve Hodel (his father George) and Larry Harnisch (a surgeon named Walter Bayley).

Lupini said her team had identified the real Short killer.

“We are more than 100 percent confident,” she said.

She declined to say who that killer was.

She declined to say who that killer was. For Connelly, there's hope that his new burst of attention on the murders will shake a memory loose, yield a new clue, finally expelling a shadow cast over this city of sunlight and spotlights.

"This case is so intrinsic to Los Angeles," Connelly said, sitting at his writing desk, the sun blazing above the Hollywood Hills. "I wanted to be part of solving it."

Berlin Theater Makes a Real Splash

The Volksbühne's new director opened a swimming pool that has stirred up some feelings.

PHOTOGRAPHS BY MUSTAFAH ABDULAZIZ

By JIM TANKERSLEY

BERLIN — Matthias Lilienthal's opening show as director of the famed but troubled Volksbühne theater here did not go to plan early this month. There were critiques of its cost and a backlash to its politics, accompanied by cries of racism and threats of violence.

And for a few days during the first week, the showers didn't work.

Lilienthal's first production — a temporary public swimming pool installed just off the theater's front steps, free to anyone with an online reservation — was meant to signal a new era for a storied institution that has struggled through scandal and stagnated artistically over the last decade. Lilienthal said on a recent afternoon that it was intended as both a "hug" for Berlin and a critique of what he called the city's decaying infrastructure.

Instead, the Volksbad, as the pool is known, became a culture war battleground.

In less than a month of being open, the pool has become a window to the rising power of right-wing online media outlets in Germany, underscored debates over who has the right to cool off in public as a warming world brings increasingly scorching summers to Europe, and revealed fundamental changes in Berlin's working class, which built the Volksbühne more than 100 years ago with a mission of bringing art to the masses.

Lilienthal has been called profligate (for spending 300,000 euros, about \$350,000, of his taxpayer-supported budget on a pool when it could have funded an extra theater production), racist (for scheduling a swimming session exclusively reserved for an organization that serves Black youth) and brilliant (for staging a provocation that produced a revealing reaction).

But in an interview on a recent gray afternoon, watching a trickle of swimmers walk between the now-working showers and the wooden pool deck, Lilienthal rejected all of that. He was pleased with the attention the pool had received, shaken by controversies he didn't expect, and sad, it seemed, for the forces his experiment had stirred.

“It was, in a way, naïve,” Lilienthal said, reclining in a plastic pool chair. “I was born

66 years ago in Berlin, and Berlin was always a clear left-wing city."

Even as recently as the 2000s and 2010s, he said, the city's vibe was “very much ‘everybody can do what he or she wants to do’ — and this is not anymore the case.”

The Volksbühne was born from the German labor movement at the turn of the 20th century, its stone home in the city center built with member dues known as “workers’ pennies.” It sought to bring art to a class of Germans who had largely been excluded from the theater.

The building was heavily damaged in World War II but was rebuilt and reopened as a state-run playhouse in communist East Berlin. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, it flourished under the artistic director Frank Castorf, whose tenure ended in 2017. A decade of scandals ensued. Left-wing activists occupied the theater to protest the appointment of Castorf's replacement, Chris Dercon, who quit after half a year. The next director resigned amid sexual harassment complaints, and the one after him died suddenly.

Lilienthal was a deputy director at the theater under Castorf before forging his own wider career, most recently as director of the Münchner Kammerspiele theater in Munich, where, as his first act, he built pop-up cottages in some of the city's wealthiest neighborhoods. He rented them nightly for almost nothing, as a commentary on high housing prices. He later staged productions spotlighting refugees, at a time when their presence in Germany was coming under political attack.

He agreed last year to return to lead the Volksbühne. This summer, five workers

From top: The Volksbad pool in Berlin; that temporary public pool was the first production by the Volksbühne's director, Matthias Lilienthal, left, and was built in the square in front of the Volksbühne theater, right; its concession stand sells fries. The pool, below, was meant to be a "hug" for Berlin and a critique of the city's decaying infrastructure.

built the Volksbad pool, 82 feet long, 16 feet wide and 4 feet deep, on the square in front of the theater. It has changing rooms and a concession stand that sells fries for 3.50 euros a serving (about \$4).

Lilienthal said the idea had a callback connection to Castorf, who was said to have quipped after taking over the theater: “Either it’s going to be world famous, or they’ll turn it into a swimming pool.”

Lilienthal had grown frustrated with Berlin's delayed trains and poorly maintained schools, he said. When he wanted to take his 9-year-old daughter for a swim, the public pools were often closed.

He was also, again, critiquing Germany for its treatment of migrants. After a summer of brawls at Berlin pools in 2023, some began requiring identification cards for entry, a tracking measure that critics said was directed at migrants. In his Volksbad, Lilienthal declared, no I.D. would be checked. Tickets would be free, but limited, and they were quickly snatched up as soon as they became available.

The big controversy hit mid-August, when the theater reserved its slots one afternoon for an organization called Each One Teach One, which serves young people of African descent. A local politician named Aileen Weibeler, who has stood for office with the center-right Christian Democrats, had hoped to visit the pool that day with a friend. But when she saw the time blocked off for the group, Weibeler, who is white, filmed and posted a short social media video claiming discrimination.

“I didn’t think it was right — and I still Tatiana Firsova contributed reporting.

don't think it's right — that when something is publicly funded with taxpayer money, skin color should be a criterion for admission," Weibeler said in an interview.

The clip went viral, spawning a wave of stories from right-wing and mainstream media outlets and cries of outrage from the Alternative for Germany, or AfD, the surging far-right political party that Germany's intelligence service has labeled extremist. Threats poured in against the swimmers. Liberals called the critics racist. The theater and the group reluctantly canceled the session. Lilienthal and his team hung a huge banner featuring an expletive over the pool for a day, directed at the people who had effectively forced the closure.

Many commentators roasted the decision to offer exclusive access for several hours to Each One Teach One. But the critic Jens Balzer, writing in Die Zeit newspaper, called it part of a successful relaunch. The whole episode was “a play,” he said, that, while predictable, “allowed Matthias Lilienthal to establish himself almost overnight as an unyielding rebel.”

Lilienthal said he wanted to give Black residents a place to swim free of discrimination, in a manner allowed under German anti-discrimination laws. “We wanted a mixed audience,” he said.

The theater's upcoming, cosmopolitan production schedule reflected such an approach, he added, including a Japanese director's production on a stage designed by a Korean visual artist, and eight Black dancers performing the work of two Brazilian choreographers.

The AfD has made deep inroads with the German working class, and Lilienthal pondered whether the backlash to the pool, at the workers' theater, reflected that change in working-class attitudes.

He said Berlin had become a city of government and start-ups, with a downtown that is “one-third influencers” and its heavy industry hollowed out. “So Berlin has no workers anymore,” he said.

And is the pool a work of art?

“It’s not,” he said. “But it’s a public intervention.”

Earlier in the afternoon, Friederike Schwerin, 48, of Berlin, and her daughter Mathilda splashed in the Volksbad under a light drizzle. Schwerin lamented the controversies that had clouded the early weeks of the pool. “I was eager to come” support it, she explained.

Few others seemed to be. Then the drizzle stopped and the pool began to fill with visitors, smiling and splashing.

The showers were working just fine.

Once Again, Thieves Grab Treasures

A heist last week in Spain mimics art crimes that have occurred elsewhere in Europe.

By NINA SIEGAL

In minutes, thieves broke into a small museum in southeastern Spain last week and stole a priceless collection of gold and silver Bronze Age objects known as the Treasure of Villena, according to the local council.

If that sounds similar to the Louvre Museum heist in Paris last year and other recent high-profile art thefts across Europe, that's because it highlights a trend of thefts across the continent that art crime experts say are becoming increasingly quick and violent.

The latest occurred early Thursday at the Museum of Villena, or MUVI, where thieves stole most of a 66-piece Treasure of Villena, a collection of gold bracelets, gold and silver vessels, bronze works, and two iron objects thought to have been made of rare iron from meteorites.

Gabriel García Atiénzar, a professor of prehistory at the University of Alicante, described the collection as “one of the most exceptional prehistoric gold assemblages discovered in Europe and, in my opinion, one of the key archaeological finds for understanding the societies of the Late Bronze Age in the Iberian Peninsula.”

Although some estimates put the trove's value at 1.7 million euros, about \$2 million, David Cérdan, a spokesman for the Villena City Council, said by email that it was invaluable. "It is impossible to put a price on a 3,000-year-old burial hoard," he said.

MUVI is a small municipal archaeological museum founded in 1957 to house materials excavated by the Spanish archaeologist José María Soler in Alicante province. It grew into a larger natural history museum.

On Thursday morning, two alarms went off just minutes apart, Cérdan said — first at 5:16 a.m. at the Municipal Sports Center, about six miles from the museum, and then at the museum at 5:20 a.m.

By the time the first police and Spanish Civil Guard patrols arrived, “there was no one there,” he added. “The theft of the treasure and other valuable items had already taken place, and the thieves had disappeared.”

The thieves swiftly navigated all the museum's security measures, including five levels of alarms, bulletproof glass, a vault, and indoor and outdoor security cameras, according to Cérdan.

Arthur Brand, an Amsterdam-based art detective who has helped retrieve stolen museum items, said the thieves probably had set off the first alarm to distract the police elsewhere while committing the robbery.

The Spanish Civil Guard, which is handling the investigation into the crime, was not immediately available for comment. But the local mayor, Fulgencio Cerdán, told a news conference on Thursday, “We know that there were several people involved, using several vehicles, acting in a coordinated and organized manner.”

Most of the collection's 66 pieces were stolen, the mayor said. Only one crown was left behind, probably dropped while the thieves escaped, he added.

Cérdan, the council spokesman, said, "There is no doubt about the high level of professionalism, the extreme violence, the materials used, and their knowledge of what they were looking for and where it was located."

The heist mimics the sort of increasingly violent art crimes highlighted in a study released last week by Europol, the law enforcement agency of the European Union, based in The Hague. “Offenders are breaching premises and display cases using tools such as sledgehammers, axes, crowbars and, in some instances, explosives,” the report said.

It also follows the trend of museum thefts focused on precious metals, given that gold, silver and other metals can be melted down and traded more easily than unique works of art, and diamonds and other jewels can be broken apart and traded as gems.

“Thieves used to be focused on paintings, but more and more people notice that you can’t do much with a stolen painting,” Brand, the art detective, said.

For Villena, the theft is a painful cultural loss. “We are absolutely devastated — I’m even trembling,” Mayor Cerdán said at the news conference, in which he nearly broke into tears. “The truth is that for those of us from Villena, this destroys us.”

In total, the Villena Treasure collection weighs more than 22 pounds. Brand said that if the thieves were not caught quickly, they probably would destroy the artifacts by smelting them, rather than trying to sell them intact.

“You can’t sell these pieces because they are known throughout the world,” he said, “but if they melt it down and mix it with modern gold, you’ll never know the difference.”

VILLENA MUSEUM
The Treasure of Villena is a priceless collection of gold and silver Bronze Age objects that was stolen from a Spanish museum last week.

2 TENNIS

Roger Federer and Mary Carillo join the Hall of Fame.
3 BASEBALL
Ketel Marte's behavior forces a hard calculation in Arizona.

ANALYSIS | COMMENTARY

PRO FOOTBALL

Coach Bill Belichick's season-opening win resets expectations for North Carolina.

MONDAY, AUGUST 31, 2026 D1 N

ERIC RISBERG/ASSOCIATED PRESS

COMMENTARY

The Changing Face Of Athlete Activism

By JERRY BREWER The Athletic

Ten years ago last week, Colin Kaepernick sat during the national anthem before a preseason game, and almost nobody noticed. He did so in silence for three games with the San Francisco 49ers, and if not for the attentiveness of the NFL Network reporter Steve Wyche, Kaepernick may have persisted in speechless protest.

Kaspernick desired no news conference, no public relations guru to prepare a statement, no assistant to prewrite a social media post. He sat because his conscience told him to do something. He did not talk about it until Wyche asked. Then he explained that he was objecting to police violence against Black Americans by refusing to stand for a country that was not standing for everyone. His explanation came in service of his act. It was not a substitute for it.

MARCIO JOSE SANCHEZ/ASSOCIATED PRESS
COLIN KAEPERNICK Ten years ago, the quarterback started quietly protesting police violence on the 49ers' sideline before N.F.L. games.

Earlier this month, in the same quiet way, Kaepernick's Know Your Rights Camp renewed its \$1 million pledge to the local communities, celebrating this 10th anniversary with the same financial commitment he made in 2016. It barely registered on our news radar. No victory lap. No media tour. No ceremony. Just service.

With an earnest approach, Kaepernick took a stand, and through all the noise — all the debate and demonization, all the hijacking of his message — he has never abandoned that approach. It makes him a frustrating figure, a man who rarely talks and never strays from his point. But after witnessing the behavior of sports figures who have sprinted to the microphone over the past decade, you have to admire Kaepernick's conviction and lack of interest in celebrity.

Continued on Page D7

TENNIS | U.S. OPEN

JOSEPH PREZIOSO/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES

BRIAN SNYDER/REUTERS
Roger Federer at the International Tennis Hall of Fame Celebrity Pro Classic on Friday. Right, Federer with Mary Carillo, the former player and trailblazing broadcaster and journalist, on Saturday.

Carillo and Federer Send ‘Love Letter’ at Their Hall of Fame Inductions

By MATTHEW FUTTERMAN The Athletic

NEWPORT, R.I. — Four years after the official end of his career and five years after he walked off the Wimbledon grass in his final singles match, Roger Federer, the Swiss master who played tennis as everyone dreams of playing it, became a member of the International Tennis Hall of Fame.

He wore a tan suit, a pressed white shirt and blue tie that matched all the blazers in the crowd. On a perfect, late summer evening, with more than 5,000 people filling two viewing areas, Federer strutted across the grass in Newport, known as the birthplace of American tennis a century and a half ago, and did what he did for more than two decades on the court. He became a part of history.

Federer, the 20-time Grand Slam tournament champion, did not enter the Hall of Fame alone. First, Mary Carillo, the former player and trailblazing broadcaster and journalist, had her moment. Together, they shared more than an induction. Their speeches were marked by tributes not to themselves and their careers but to others — people in their own personal halls of fame who had helped them stand on that stage.

“Mary Carillo is one of the world’s best storytellers,” Billie Jean King said of her during introductory remarks.

Matthew Futterman is a senior tennis writer for The Athletic.

King told the story of meeting Carillo just months before she and her neighbor in Douglaston, Queens, won the mixed doubles title at the 1977 French Open. That would be someone named John McEnroe.

Carillo, whose playing career ended early because of injury, became the first woman to break through as a full-time commentator in tennis. She later went on to an award-winning career as a journalist and sports anchor whose assignments included hosting Olympic telecasts for NBC.

“She’s really a big deal,” King said.

Carillo also had the greatest and worst luck to get into the Hall of Fame this year as its 273rd member. Anyone who ended up in that slot would have had to be playing warm-up to Federer.

In the end, it was Federer who might have been temporarily overshadowed. Carillo delivered a speech so rousing, witty and tender that following her became something of an impossibility.

“What an honor to honor Roger, this funny-looking guy over here,” Carillo said.

“Roger operates on a level few of us can ever contemplate.”

It is often said that great athletes struggle to talk about their sport and their accomplishments. Federer started a little that way as the daylight faded, listing off the Grand Slam tournaments he had played and some career numbers with a little stiffness. As he went on, and the emotions started to come, as he knew they would, he defied that stereotype. He described his sport as “a complex and beautiful thing.”

It certainly was when he played it, and it is why the grounds of the Hall of Fame were packed for hours before the ceremony, which is usually an afterthought on the summer sports calendar, was anywhere close to beginning. It was

Honoring all the people who helped them become stars.

the biggest concentration of “RF” hats since the grand Federer farewell doubles match with Rafael Nadal at the Laver Cup in 2022.

“I’m still writing my love letter to tennis,” he said near the end of a tear-filled speech filled with gratitude for everyone who helped him through his journey. “This is not a goodbye.”

But the answer to the question everyone seemed to be asking fell between Carillo's brilliant performance — which included a poem dedicated to the rivalries she had watched evolve through her career — and Federer's emotive roll call.

Who would induct him?

Last year, Serena Williams surprised everyone when she inducted Maria Sharapova. That was a curveball. Williams and Sharapova had a prickly relationship during their careers.

Federer did not have too many prickly relationships during his playing days, and there were plenty of candidates. Rafael Nadal was everyone's first guess, because, of course. Federer, Novak Djokovic and Andy Murray had been on hand for Nadal's tribute at the French Open last year.

Instead, it was someone better. Mirka Federer walked up to the microphone to represent the partnership they formed through tennis and through life, as husband and wife, father and mother, and, according to Federer in his speech, coach, hitting partner and stylist.

She rarely speaks publicly. She carried it off as if she does it all the time.

"When we met, he had zero ATP titles," she deadpanned.

She recalled Andy Roddick, sitting in the front row, once saying after Federer beat him in the Cincinnati Open final, “I can’t believe I lost to a guy whose girlfriend warmed him up.”

She had the best seat in the house to watch his playing days unfold and told the story of him insisting on taking their two sets of twins on the road with them for the last dozen years of his career.

“Those values have carried him through every chapter of his life,” she said.

Then it was Federer's turn. He long ago surprised himself by becoming one of those sports stars unafraid of showing emotion in public. He struggles with it. He said the other night in an interview that the prospect of it still made him nervous, even though the vulnerability helped people see something other than the fire-and-ice champion who seemed to win while barely breaking a sweat.

It was part of the reason for an induction into a Hall of Fame unlike anything Newport had experienced.

“Fame was never the goal,” Federer told the crowd. “The goal was doing something I love with people I love.”

He recalled being a 13-year-old ball boy in Basel and the soreness in his legs, as well as learning the game with his father's wooden racket at a time when tennis balls were white.

“That’s how old I am,” he said.

He choked up at the mention of two of his coaches who died years ago, Peter Carter and Peter Lundgren, and when he spoke of his childhood hero, Stefan Edberg, seated in front of him, coming aboard to guide him. And then again at the mention of Severin Luthi, his coach of 18 years.

Then, whether he wanted them to or not, those emotions started to pour out.

This was not his Dartmouth College graduation keynote of 2025, filled with lessons on getting up after falling. He said the other day he did not want to teach a class. He sort of did, though, as he gave a roll call of thank yous that put shame to any Oscars speech.

“I need tissues and sunglasses. I need everything to protect me,” he said as his voice cracked and his eyes dripped. “This is such a mess.”

Yes, the player and person who seems to effortlessly glide through life stumbled through his speech as he built toward the part that was always going to be the hardest, “the Mirka bit,” as he called it.

“We grabbed hands and ran through walls,” he said of his wife.

Federer explained that he had a simple plan through his 4,040 competitive singles sets.

"I tried to show my love for the game," he said. "It mattered to me, and I wanted it to matter to you."

Mission accomplished there.

He described the sport as “a volcano of pressure,” but also paid homage to the lighter moments he misses, the camaraderie in the locker room and playing cards until the last moments before his matches. He urged players to stay young at heart and to strive the way he did, to “do things with the game we have never seen before,” he said. “Keep getting better and better and better.”

And then there was a last nod to the children like him, who still play on courts they draw with chalk on the streets. He promised he would always see the game through their eyes.

He knows those eyes well. They belong to the people who traveled to a little town in New England over the weekend to watch a great one perform one more time.

In Qualifying, More Scenes of Joy and Despair Can Unfold Than in a Final

FRANK FRANKLIN II/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Qualifying at the U.S. Open makes a big difference in the financial survival of its competitors.

By JAMES HANSEN The Athletic

dium 17 at the U.S. Open and roared with delight.

A little after midday Friday, Zheng Qinwen, who has felt the weight of an Olympic gold medal around her neck and a Grand Slam final on her shoulders, collapsed on the green acrylic of Sta-

James Hansen is a senior managing editor for The Athletic.

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In a match held over from Thursday's thunderstorms at Flushing Meadows, the 2024 Paris Olympic champion defeated Russia's Elena Pridankina, 6-4, 3-6, 6-0. The win, Zheng's third of the week, sent her into the main draw of the year's fourth Grand Slam.

That's territory that Zheng, the 23-year-old from China, seemed able to take for granted in the afterglow of her Olympic glory, which followed a run to the 2024 Australian Open final. Then came a persistent right elbow injury. Surgery. Rehabilitation. Comebacks that turned right back into layoffs. A tumble down the rankings to world No. 121. Early-round defeats that left her struggling to see how she would find her way back.

porters at the side of the court. It was his turn to weep then.

In New York, it all came out.

It can also make the difference in a quest for sporting and financial survival for its competitors, a mixture of up-and-coming talents, players living in the lower echelons of the sport and boldface names who, through injury, loss of form, burnout or just about anything that can get in the way, are trying to find their form and themselves again.

Scenes of joy, despair, triumph and disaster played out across the Billie Jean King National Tennis Center last week during a part of the tournament that occupies a curious place in its wider context. Qualifying is the backbone of what the U.S. Open has labeled “Fan Week.” It is free to attend. It is a fun and accessible way to see elite tennis, especially in a year with surging resale ticket prices for the main event.

A loss in the first round of qualifying earns \$32,000 — far from enough to navigate a year on the circuit. Elimination in the third round earns \$66,000. But a berth in the first round of the main draw? That earns \$140,000. So across Thursday and Friday, the winner of each mini-bracket into the main event earned more than double the losers. That's a whole lot of pressure. In qualifying, the emotions of tennis might be more keenly felt than even a Grand Slam final.

Just ask Chris O'Connell and Zsombor Piros. O'Connell, 32, broke into the top 100 — and got out of the qualifying rat race — a few years ago. After a run of direct entries, the Australian found himself back in qualifying for this year. He lost in the third round at Wimbledon.

Piros, 26, earned enough ranking points to play qualifiers for the first time this year. The Hungarian lost in the second round at Wimbledon.

On Friday, they met in the third round. Down the stretch of a tight second set, and holding a one-set lead, O'Connell worked Piros around, sent an inside-out forehand deep into the corner of the court and got an overhead. Put it away, and he would be up by 5-4 and serving for a place back where he wants to be.

He stretched. He connected. He made it. And his left ankle crumpled underneath him.

O'Connell sat up. He gestured to his team. He walked, then hunched, then limped his way to the side of the court. He kicked his racket, took off his shoe, sat at the side of the court and wept. The trainer came. O'Connell did balancing exercises to check the joint's strength.

The decisions echoed around his head. Try to serve it out, and he might make the main draw, with the extra \$74,000 and some recovery time. He also could worsen the injury, end his season and put himself in an even worse position. Through it all, Piros sat and waited.

O'Connell decided to play on, but he was not the same. After getting to a tiebreaker, he could not hold Piros off. Instead of playing a third set, O'Connell retired and limped to the side of the court to contemplate what had been snatched away.

Piros, into the main draw of a Grand Slam for the first time, went to see his coaches and sup-

Tristan Schoolkate, another Australian, defeated Canada's Liam Draxl in a 10-point match tiebreaker and collapsed on his back when it was over before hanging a towel over his head to let out the tears. Kristina Liutova, the first WTA player born in the 2010s to win a tour title, looked at her support team in disbelief more than joy after qualifying for her first major.

Then there was Bianca Andreescu, the 2019 U.S. Open champion who has been grinding her way through the second rung of women's tennis to rebuild her ranking and her confidence after a run of injury setbacks. She knows what it's like to twist an ankle on the edge of victory. She did it in 2025, at her home tournament, the Canadian Open, holding match point against the two-time major singles champion Barbora Krejcikova.

Andreescu laughed and cried all at once. She managed to win the match but could not recover in time for the next one.

On Friday afternoon, she led Slovenia's Tamara Zidansek by a set and a break. Then it all went wrong again. In the second set, Andreescu took a medical timeout in which a trainer checked her vitals. In the third, an ankle injury left her unable to cover the court. She came close to tears at the side of the court. She continued to the end, but Zidansek held her nerve, and Andreescu left the court with a trainer when it was done.

Scenes like this will play out in the tournament's main draw as well. There will be injuries, there will be misfortune, there will be joy, and there will be sadness. But during qualifying, this liminal space of Fan Week lightness and bitter competition, the emotions of tennis are at their height.

HOCKEY

ANALYSIS

Jets' Quandary: Is a Goalie Still a Keeper?

By MURAT ATES and JESSE GRANGER The Athletic

One vital question about Connor Hellebuyck's future remains unanswered, regardless of whether the Winnipeg Jets pull off a blockbuster trade or bring their No. 1 goaltender back for another season.

What is Hellebuyck, the 2025 Hart Trophy winner as the league's most valuable player and the three-time Vezina Trophy winner as the N.H.L.'s top goaltender, actually capable of?

The specifics are critical to explore, even as the broad strokes of Hellebuyck's off-season are well known. He spoke critically about the team's direction at his exit interviews and then waited, without comment, as the team pursued trade opportunities that did not come to fruition. On Friday, Hellebuyck's agent released a statement from him that publicly confirmed the request for a trade.

His teammates expect him to be at camp. They're just not talking as if they're 100 percent sure Hellebuyck is a forever Jet.

“I hope Helle is back playing for us,” Josh Morrissey told The Athletic earlier this month. “He’s the best goalie in the world. But what happens, doesn’t happen, whatever, that’s with him and his agent and the organization.”

“Until something happens, he’s a Jet, he’s a good friend, and we’re excited to get him back,” the Jets captain Adam Lowry said.

The unspoken part is that Hellebuyck was not the best goaltender in the world last

Hellebuyck is now approaching an age of historical decline.

season — at least, not while playing for the Jets.

Hellebuyck posted an .895 save percentage, missed about a month to have minor knee surgery and finished 13th in goals saved above expected after he led the league in that category for two straight seasons. Even after a dominant performance for the U.S. en route to gold at the Olympics in Italy, there are reasons to question Hellebuyck's status.

Was his season a blip, part of recovery from his knee scope? Or was it a sign that Hellebuyck should carry a buyer-beware label — whether for the Jets, who signed Stuart Skinner in the off-season, or for Cup-contending teams seeking to acquire the missing piece of a championship team?

Hellebuyck, 33, is well beyond a typical goalie's physical prime, and history tells us that a steep decline could be nearing. Statistically, N.H.L. goalie performance peaks from 26 to 30, with age 27 producing the best statistics on average. Goalies usually flatten out to about league-average performance around 31 and 32, and then progressively — and often drastically — decline from there.

That's not a good sign for projecting Hellebuyck's future. But we have seen plenty of elite goalies, which he clearly is, play well into their mid- to late-30s.

Hellebuyck is one of four goalies to win three or more Vezinas since the criteria for the award changed in 1981. The other three all extended their dominance well beyond 33.

Patrick Roy backstopped the Colorado Avalanche to a Stanley Cup at 35, winning the Conn Smythe for a spectacular playoff run, and at 36, he was a Vezina finalist. Martin Brodeur won two Vezinas after turning 33 and

Murat Ates and Jesse Granger cover the N.H.L. for The Athletic.

played upward of 75 games a season until he was 37. Dominik Hasek won the Hart and Vezina Trophies in his age-33 season, and then went on to win two more Vezinas and two Stanley Cups. Statistically, you can argue that the best seasons for Hasek and Brodeur came at 34.

Even more recently, Marc-Andre Fleury won the Vezina at 36, and Sergei Bobrovsky was a finalist for the Vezina at 35.

Some goalies are just built differently, and Hellebuyck fits that mold. He is the most decorated goalie of his generation and one of the few remaining work-horses, having led the N.H.L. in starts on five occasions and regularly playing 60-plus games a season. Hellebuyck still managed to make 57 starts last season (tied for fifth most in the league), despite missing double-digit games over about a month in November and December.

That brings us to another potential red flag: Hellebuyck was not his usual spectacular self in the 43 N.H.L. games that followed his knee operation last season.

Historically, it's often a good idea to bet against an aging player who struggled to perform at his best after an injury, but that does not necessarily mean Hellebuyck's days of elite goaltending are behind him. It is a similar situation to what the Tampa Bay Lightning's Andrei Vasilevskiy went through three years ago.

In September 2023, Vasilevskiy had back surgery, which forced him to miss the first 20 games of the 2023-24 season. Once he returned, Vasilevskiy went straight into the workhorse role, starting 15 of the next 17 games for Tampa Bay, and things did not go particularly well. He posted career lows in save percentage (.900) and goals saved above average (minus-11.99) that season.

But after a full off-season in 2024, Vasilevskiy returned to elite form. In the two seasons since, he has had a league-best .917 save percentage, saved an impressive 46.61 goals above expected and won another Vezina.

Hellebuyck has given us plenty of reason to believe he can follow a similar path, with no better example than his heroics at the Olympics. After surgery, he was the best player on the ice in the gold medal game.

The eventual decline is inevitable, but Hellebuyck's game is built to age more gracefully than most. The position puts immense strain on the body, but he does not overextend himself nearly as much as the average goalie. Hellebuyck relies on world-class reads and anticipation to get to his spots early. He moves calmly and efficiently for the most part.

His mind for the game isn't going anywhere, and he should be able to compensate for any decline in athleticism as he ages. As long as he doesn't have to make any miraculous acrobatic stops too regularly, he should have no problem making them well into his late 30s.

There are five seasons left on Hellebuyck's contract, signed with Winnipeg in 2023 and worth \$8.5 million of average annual value, and his full no-movement clause turns into a 10-team approved trade list on July 1, 2027. The Skinner signing buys the Jets time to find the right deal, but other teams may need to see their own goaltending fail before they feel pressured to make a trade.

At this stage in Hellebuyck's career, there is certainly a risk that his best play is behind him. Outliers exist for every trend, however, and if there is one thing Hellebuyck has consistently been for most of his life, it's an outlier. In his rare case, the potential reward of having the best goalie on the planet makes him worth the gamble — wherever he plays out the rest of his deal.

Connor Hellebuyck, who has requested a trade, had mediocre stats last season but starred for the U.S. in a gold medal triumph.
DAVID ZALUBOWSKI/ASSOCIATED PRESS

BASEBALL

Ketel Marte after a walk-off homer against the Dodgers in June. It was the sixth-hardest-hit ball by an Arizona player this season.
RICK SCUTERI/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Weighing Behavior Against Dollars and Wins

Manager Torey Lovullo felt betrayed by Marte when he declined to leave his hotel room for a game against the Red Sox in August.
JOE CAMPOREALE/IMAGN IMAGES

By KEN ROSENTHAL

The Athletic

Ketel Marte turned toward the Arizona Diamondbacks' dugout, flipped his bat and shook his head with the tiniest of smiles, as if to say, "Don't mess with me."

The moment, one of the most dramatic of the Diamondbacks' season, perfectly encapsulated why team officials refuse to give up on him, even when he bails on the club at inopportune times.

Tanner Scott's fastball came in at 97 miles per hour. Marte's walk-off homer, giving the Diamondbacks a split of their home series with the Los Angeles Dodgers in early June, went out at 113 — the sixth-hardest-hit ball by an Arizona player this season.

Marte also holds the top five exit velocities, not to mention the team's longest homer, at 452 feet. His blast off Scott was a 431-foot shot, but stood as yet another example of how his galvanizing talent can electrify a club. Marte raised both arms in the air as his teammates gleefully surrounded him at home plate. Once free, he blew a kiss with both hands to the crowd.

It was the type of celebration teams crave, the type that prompts them to ease their standards to accommodate certain stars.

Marte, 32, is one of the top second basemen in baseball. But his latest missteps — failing to show for a game in the middle of a pennant race, then unwinding at a casino while rehabilitating a knee injury — renewed concerns.

Some of Marte's actions might stem from personal matters he is dealing with off the field. But many around the sport still ask: Why do the Diamondbacks tolerate his behavior?

The answer is not all that complicated.

“He’s an extremely talented player,” General Manager Mike Hazen said last week. “At some point, there’s a balance between what you are willing to deal with to get a level of production that can win you baseball games. We’re in the business of winning baseball games.”

Marte, when in the right frame of mind, provides elite production at a reduced rate because of the seven-year, \$116.5 million contract extension he signed in April 2025, which includes \$46 million deferred.

And when the Diamondbacks have considered trading him — as they did last off-season, knowing Marte would gain full no-trade protection in April as a player with 10 years of service, five consecutive with the same club — they were not offered what they perceived as fair value for a switch-hitter with game-changing power.

The Diamondbacks, when left with little choice, will discipline Marte. When he declined to leave his hotel room for a game at Fenway Park on Aug. 17, they briefly placed him on the restricted list for the second consecutive season, without pay. His conduct that night left Manager Torey Lovullo, one of his big supporters, feeling betrayed.

“It’s kind of getting your heart ripped out by someone you really care about,” Lovullo said. “And I felt I did deserve better.”

Lovullo was not the only person in uniform affected by Marte's ac-

Ken Rosenthal is a senior M.L.B. writer for The Athletic. Dennis Lin and Johnny Flores contributed reporting.

tions. Marte, a three-time All-Star, also created a distraction for his teammates, many of whom, like Lovullo, initially were concerned only for his well-being.

The Diamondbacks, fighting for the third National League wild card, held out hope until moments before first pitch that Marte would join them. The Red Sox wound up trouncing them, 11-1.

Three days after his no-show in Boston, Marte apologized to

Ketel Marte has forced Arizona to do an unfortunate type of analytics.

Lovullo and Hazen during a meeting attended by his agent, Charisse Espinosa-Dash, in Scottsdale, Ariz. The Diamondbacks then moved him from the restricted list to the injured list. Marte is expected to rejoin the team as soon as Monday.

Lovullo has expressed disappointment in Marte while also offering empathy, saying at one point: “I love Ketel Marte. My relationship with him is not going to change.”

Through Espinosa-Dash, Marte declined to comment for this article.

Marte's next step is to speak with reporters and apologize to his teammates. The Diamondbacks will have little choice but to welcome him back, knowing how much he means to the club. But how seriously will they take him when he again says he is sorry?

Marte also apologized to the club in 2025 for missing the first three games after the All-Star break following the burglary of his home in Scottsdale. Shortly afterward, The Arizona Republic reported that teammates and others in the organization had “quietly grumbled about his propensity to

take days off."

Hazen said the Diamondbacks do not take such matters lightly.

“What goes on in the clubhouse is extremely important to us,” Hazen said. “We’re not blind to it. We talk about it all the time.”

Several Diamondbacks, who were granted anonymity for their candor, said they are exhausted by the latest Marte drama.

A common sentiment, according to one player, is summed up this way: “Typical Ketel. Just leaving. It is what it is.”

Fans, reporters and even teammates are often unaware of what players endure in their personal lives. The death of Marte's mother, Elpidia Valdez, in a July 2017 car accident was a matter of public record. Two more recent heartbreaks for Marte were not.

Marte, according to a person close to him whom he did not authorize to speak publicly, lost his maternal grandmother in the spring of 2025. He is also currently facing the loss of another close family member, the person said.

His balky knee, then, was not his only source of discontent when he secluded himself in his Boston hotel room before the opening game of the Diamondbacks' series against the Red Sox.

The Diamondbacks knew where Marte was, according to multiple people briefed on the situation. They communicated with him through Espinosa-Dash. But up until game time, no one, including the agent, had any idea whether he would come to the park.

"When he's frustrated, he retreats," Lovullo said. "This was a classic case of that."

Marte recognizes now that he was wrong for failing to appear, the person close to him said.

His appearance at a Scottsdale casino on the night of Aug. 21, while the Diamondbacks played the Cincinnati Reds at Chase Field, also showed questionable judgment but broke no rules. Marte, rehabilitating his knee, was not required to be at the park. But one teammate, granted anonymity for his candor, called it “a slap in the face.” Another said, “That was rubbing people’s noses in it.”

For some in the organization, Marte's history of missing games at critical junctures leaves him little benefit of the doubt. But two of those absences, in late September of both 2023 and 2024, stemmed from physical issues.

In 2023, the Diamondbacks went on to win a wild card and advance to the World Series with Marte batting .329 with a .914 on-base plus slugging percentage in the postseason and appearing in all 17 games. In 2024, they missed the playoffs by one game. And last season, after Marte missed time after the All-Star break, the frustration of some players toward him surfaced in the Arizona Republic article.

Other teammates, however, viewed the criticism of Marte as excessive. When his home was burglarized, Marte was in his native Dominican Republic, making his first trip back since the death of his grandmother. Shortstop Geraldo Perdomo grew emotional when he interrupted one of Lovullo's news conferences to defend Marte.

“I don’t want to speak as a teammate, I want to speak as a brother,” Perdomo said at the time. “He just wants to play baseball.”

Diamondbacks people praise Marte as a hard worker. His day-to-day conduct, they say, is not disruptive. Lovullo, however, recently expressed concern that Marte might lack a functional support system. It is not far-fetched to suggest management has been too easy on Marte. But club officials push back on that.

In essence, the Diamondbacks are willing to accept an annual hiccup or two from Marte in exchange for his production when he does play.

Marte averaged 137 games the past four seasons, and still can reach that total this year. Teams covet players who outperform their salaries, providing surplus value. Marte, playing on a below-market contract, routinely offers that type of bonus.

The past three seasons, Marte earned a combined \$38 million. According to Fangraphs's dollars metric, which is wins above replacement converted to a dollar scale based on what a player would earn in free agency, he was worth more than three times that amount — a combined \$122.3 million.

This season has not been one of Marte's better offensive campaigns. His .314 on-base percentage would be his lowest since 2016. His .760 O.P.S. is 57 points below his career mark. Yet despite missing 16 games, Marte is tied for the club lead with 21 homers and leads the team with 67 runs batted in. Diamondbacks officials believe the team would be far worse without him.

Marte originally had a five-team no-trade list that included the Athletics, Yankees, Pirates, Giants and Cardinals. Now, as a 10-and-5 player, his full no-trade protection gives him the right to veto any deal, effectively enabling him to choose his next destination — if he even wants one.

Marte is said to be comfortable in Arizona. Why wouldn't he be?

“What does he want to be remembered as?” one Diamondbacks person said. “At some point, this is about him, what he wants his legacy to be.”

'You might have a to-do list of 10 things, and all of a sudden, six new things pop up.' JEFF HAFLEY, Dolphins coach

REBECCA BLACKWELL/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Rookie Head Coaches Share Job's Challenges As Well as Its Lessons

By MIKE JONES The Athletic

Most N.F.L. assistant coaches aspire one day to lead their own teams.

Although entrusted with their areas of expertise, coordinators often run through the big decisions that come with the bigger title. Then, those fortunate enough to become head coaches truly find themselves in the driver's seat.

The jump from leading assistant to head football coach proves quite significant, and in some aspects, these assistants find that there is nothing that can fully prepare them for that leap other than actually doing the job.

This off-season, 10 teams made a change at head coach, and six of those jobs went to rookies.

The Arizona Cardinals hired the Los Angeles Rams offensive coordinator Mike LaFleur. The Baltimore Ravens hired the Los Angeles Chargers defensive coordinator Jesse Minter. The Buffalo Bills promoted the offensive coordinator Joe Brady to head coach. The Cleveland Browns hired the Ravens offensive coordinator Todd Monken. The Las Vegas Raiders hired the Seattle Seahawks offensive coordinator Klint Kubiak. And the Miami Dolphins hired the Green Bay Packers defensive coordinator Jeff Hafley, who served as the head coach at Boston College from 2020 to 2023 but never in the N.F.L.

Since their hirings late last winter, the coaches have worked hard to lay the foundation for their rookie seasons. Most take the job with a vision, but in many ways, they are learning on the fly, and the learning never stops.

Here, LaFleur, Minter, Brady, Kubiak and Hafley pull back the curtain and share some of the experiences, surprises and lessons learned and how they will apply them once the season begins. (The Browns did not make Monken available for an interview.)

Questions and answers have been edited for length and clarity.

How would you describe that jump from coordinator to head coach, and how are you managing to juggle it all?

LaFLEUR It is a jump, no doubt, but it was fun. It's a new adventure, if you will. The biggest thing that got me this job was what? Well, obviously some relationship stuff like that, but offensive coach, right?

... There are days you want to just lock the door and just watch football and just do offensive stuff and get ready to get our scheme together, study different defenses around the league and where the trends are going. But you can't lock that door all the time, and so that's where I would say the biggest jump is.

You knew it was going to be that way, but there's just times it's like, "I don't want anyone in here," but guess what? I've got to open that door and I'll find more time in other places.

BRADY I don't think it's really any different than a jump from QB coach to offensive coordinator. Like you're balancing, obviously, a lot more things, and everybody's looking to you to make a decision. But it's really — from an offensive coordinator perspective, everybody on the offensive side was looking at you. Yeah, you're having to deal with a lot more in other areas, in other parts of the building. That's the transition of making sure everybody is communicating and speaking in your language.

It's probably not the hardest for me because I've been in this building before. So I have a little better feel of how systems have flowed.... But I'm day by day, figuring it all out.

MINTER It's a major jump in time management and setting a schedule that you feel like is the best for everybody, and that's almost impossible. You're trying to look at it just from like, "What gives the team the best chance to improve every day, work on football, not have to worry about all the other stuff?" You try to handle a lot of that stuff yourself so it doesn't bother other people. I think you try to hire a great staff that you can impart your philosophy to and that you don't have to then turn around and micromanage.

KUBIAK It's been a great challenge, but I think the biggest challenge is ahead, and that's managing the game and managing the game plan throughout the week. So that's to be seen. The off-season itself, I got to hire so many really great people that I trust, and that makes life a whole lot easier....I trust them, and I think just having the people on staff that you can

Mike Jones covers the N.F.L. for The Athletic. Joe Buscaglia contributed reporting.

lean on is what has been really helpful, because there is so much work to get done, and definitely too much for one person.

HAFLEY When I got hired at B.C., I was just turning 40 years old, and I probably was not ready. I don't know if anybody's truly ready their first time because there's things that are going to pop up, and you're going to be like, "Oh my gosh, I can't believe I have to do that as a head coach." Probably even more so in college with everything that you have to deal with. But I definitely feel more prepared.

This wasn't the first time I had to hire a staff, and it wasn't the first time I had to sit in the front seat in the staff room and get up in front of the whole football team. . . . I'm not going to make too many comparisons and say, "Been there and done that," because this is new. It is the N.F.L., and it is different. So there's still a lot that I do have to learn, and will continue to learn through experience and through leaning on other people.

What's the silliest thing that has come across your desk that you had no idea fell under head coaching responsibilities?

MINTER Some of the mail that we get from our fans. Like, I'm getting invited to different weddings and different events of people that I've never met that I have no idea who they are. They're just die-hard Ravens fans, so you know, it's kind of funny. I'll send a note just to, like, congratulate them, but obviously, I'm not going to show up at some random person's wedding. So, just those types of things. You don't realize the limelight and what it's going to be like until you're definitely in the seat.

HAFLEY I kind of have learned that things are going to come up daily that you didn't expect. You might have a to-do list of 10 things, and all of a sudden, six new things pop up. Someone comes in your office and says, "I need you for this. This just happened to a player. We need you for this. I need you to talk to this person." And so it just goes on and on and on, and you just do your best each day to try to get as much done.

My first go-round, I felt like I never got anything done. Something came up every two minutes, and it's like you go to bed at night, and it's like, "Oh my gosh, how am I going to do this?" And then you learn to just do your best every day. There's always going to be work the next day; rely on your staff that you've hired and you trust, and delegate. I have definitely learned to do better now. And then you wake up and you continue to chop away at it.

ROB CARR/GETTY IMAGES
'Let the team feel your personality. That's what got you here.' JESSE MINTER, Ravens coach

PRO FOOTBALL

DAVID RICHARD/ASSOCIATED PRESS
'Whether you succeed or whether you fail, make sure you're being yourself through all that.' JOE BRADY, Bills coach
'I got to hire so many really great people that I trust, and that makes life a whole lot easier.' KLINT KUBIAK, Raiders coach

CAROLYN KASTER/ASSOCIATED PRESS
DAVID J. PHILLIP/ASSOCIATED PRESS

'It is a jump, no doubt, but it was fun. It's a new adventure, if you will.' MIKE LaFLEUR, Cardinals coach

KUBIAK I honestly think the thing that I didn't think about is when Matt Capurro, who's our chief of staff, asked me where I want people to sit on the airplane. I really never thought about that before, and "What's the dress code for the airplane?" Two things that probably don't affect the game very much, in my opinion. So that one was a little off the wall, but yeah, just those organizational things that, when you're a coordinator or position coach, are important, but you just have never had to think about.

BRADY I've got to be careful how I answer this one. There's a lot of surprises, but nothing surprises me anymore.... There are lots of [things] that you don't think of, but my message to basically the entire building is, "Don't assume anything." So, it's making sure that we show them exactly, or we're clear about what we have to wear, what we have to do, where we have to be there, because you start realizing, like, "Wait, I didn't know I had to say that."

LaFLEUR You get asked what kind of pens you want, where do you want the whiteboards? Like, just give me a pen that works. Give me a whiteboard on the wall. Like, I don't really care. Make it your best judgment. I got other stuff to do that's more important. But the silliest thing truly was I had a football on my desk about two months ago, and it said, "Can you sign this?" And I brought in my assistant, Jay, and I said, "Who's this for?" And he kind of looked at me, goes, "Your dad. He didn't want to ask you."

What was the best piece of advice you received about making that transition from coordinator to head coach? And who did it come from?

KUBIAK That would be from my dad, who has told me throughout my whole career, "It will get done." You don't always know what's coming and you may not have enough time in the day to get to a thing. But, he said, "It'll get done," and he worked with Mike McCoy for a lot of years in Denver, and he told Mike the same thing. It's been a really good piece of advice, honestly, because you look at a list of things to do, and you just kind of attack it one at a time, knowing that in the end, it's going to get done. We're going to play these games and kick the ball off whether you're ready or not. So that's what's always stuck with me.

BRADY Just be yourself. There's a reason you're in this position. Whether you succeed or whether you fail, make sure you're being yourself through all that because you don't want to go through the process and it not work out and be like, "Well, I lost my way. I tried to change who I was. I tried to do things differently." So, stay true to yourself, and honestly, that was from a lot of people. I had some guys that I didn't know that reached out to me that are head coaches. I had guys that I've leaned on. But that was basically the biggest message: Coach your coaches, and then make sure that you don't change who you are.

MINTER Jim Harbaugh, who really had a major impact on me growing the last four years and being ready to be in this position, and it was just to go be yourself. "You're ready for this. I wouldn't tell people you're ready and pump you up if I didn't think you were ready to be really successful." And so, I think that's a really interesting thing because I think when you get the job, the first thing you think is you almost got to try to please a lot of people, but at the end of the day, you've got to be true to yourself, what you believe in, share your messaging with the team of why you believe in certain things, and I think when you build that connection and explain things and talk it out, then they really understand and buy into it.

LaFLEUR So many pieces of advice, but the one that was consistent among the guys that I would say are closest to me, and it came from my brother but it came from so many other people as well, but it's, "Don't try to get it all done in one day." And that really pertained in that first month as you are interviewing people, building your staff, getting to know your players ... getting to know the draft, getting to know the free agents, trying to get your scheme.

It's like if you look at it in that big picture, just like our players, if they're looking at it like it's a 17-game season, that's overwhelming. If you're looking at it like, “Hey, man, we got practice at 1 tomorrow,” Oh, shoot, we can all handle that, right? We can handle one practice, and so it’s kind of in that same realm where it’s just like a singular focus, and in certain moments, and then just keep chipping away at it.

HAFLEY The one thing that stuck with me — and it really pertains to everybody that will become a head coach — is, as an assistant and even as a coordinator, you have so many suggestions, right? If you're an assistant and you talk to your coordinator, it's, "I like this play. Why don't we run this? Why don't we do this?" Or it's like, "Hey, how do you want to run practice? Oh, I think we should do another period, or I think we should do a red-zone period." And it's just suggestion after suggestion after suggestion.

The moment you become a head coach, it's decision after decision after decision after decision, and you need to be ready to quickly make decisions, and you can't sit on all of them. You can't sleep on all of them because it could even be another department saying, "Hey, how do you want to do this? How do you want to do this and travel? What do you want to eat here? How do you want the nutrition to be?" And it's no longer a suggestion. Make the decision, be decisive, and move on. I don't recall who told me that, but I should.

What's another valuable bit of knowledge that you would pass on to a rookie head coach next year?

MINTER Two things: Be really diligent in hiring your staff. It's easy to hire people that you might know, that you might have worked for. But really making sure that the leadership positions on the coaching staff align philosophically with yourself, how they coach, how they teach, how they connect with players, how they operate, making sure that those positions can sometimes counterbalance maybe strengths and weaknesses of yourself, but at the same time have a consistent identity and theme throughout that you're trying to build your team and that identity. And then I would again just echo: You're in this position because you've done really good things. You've earned the right, and to double down on who you are. Be yourself. Let the team feel your personality. That's what got you here. Be really good at what got you here. Be great if you're an offensive guy. Be a great offensive guy. Defensive guy. Be a great defensive guy. Double down on the things that got you in that position.

HAFLEY I would just tell him to be yourself. Don't try to be me. Don't try to be the guy who was your head coach before you. Take what you learn from other people. I get it, it's going to happen. You're going to hear those voices come out in your head as you go — that happened to me. But remember who you are. Be true to yourself and be true to who you are and what you believe in, because when things get hard, you've got to be honest with yourself, and that's going to shine. Don't try to be anybody else but yourself. It's why you put yourself in this situation. It's why you got the job.

KUBIAK The main thing is having a staff of guys that you trust and you want to go to war with, and they're going to have your back. I'm really confident in the group of guys that we have. It's just there's just so much to get. You just want to have guys that will echo your message, challenge their players and make the players better. And so don't rush through the hiring process would be the advice.

BRADY All I can do is speak on my experience up to this point, right? I haven't called a game, played a game, but I think: "Don't think any detail is too small to communicate." I think over-communication is critical. . . . Sometimes, I go into a team meeting and say, "Do I need to hit them with this?" But if I have to ask myself the question, I probably do, because I'll be mad at myself if it shows up later down the line. So, I think over-communication early and show them consistently what the standard is and what it's not, and don't just assume.

LaFLEUR You got that opportunity for a reason, and just be you. You have learned philosophies from the people that you worked under, people that you worked with, but you're not them. You are who you are.... If it's not authentic, people are going to see through it.

ANALYSIS

Virginia's Veterans And U.S.C.'s Kids Share the Spotlight

By MANNY NAVARRO The Athletic

Bill Belichick, the University of North Carolina coach, was the biggest winner in college football over the weekend as the season kicked off with eight games in the Football Bowl Subdivision, but there were other highs and lows.

WINNER

Grown-Man Football

Many coaches and programs spent the off-season studying and copying Indiana's national championship formula: Choose older players with proven production instead of betting everything on young potential. Virginia supplied an early example of why that might be a good idea in its 34-8 victory against North Carolina State.

The Cavaliers have the most experienced roster in the Power 4 after adding 29 transfers who had played nearly 23,000 combined snaps elsewhere. North Carolina State had the sixth-least-experienced roster. The difference was difficult to miss.

Virginia's offensive coordinator, Des Kitchings, recognized that North Carolina State could not stop his veteran offensive line or quarterback, Beau Pribula, from running the ball. Virginia ran 57 times, threw only 11 passes and controlled possession for more than 38 minutes of a 60-minute game.

Pribula, a transfer from Missouri, ran for 110 yards and completed nine passes for 155 yards and two touchdowns. He played to his strengths. Virginia finished with 258 rushing yards and converted all four times it chose to keep its offense on the field on fourth down.

Kitchings deserves credit for refusing to overcomplicate an obvious advantage. The larger winner was Virginia's decision to build an older roster ready to overpower a younger one.

WINNER

Andrew Luck's Quarterback Choice

Quarterback Davis Warren knew something about comebacks before Stanford needed him to deliver one against Hawaii. He overcame leukemia in high school. He walked on at Michigan, won the starting quarterback job in 2024, then transferred home to California for one final shot after the Wolverines struggled, and he tore an anterior cruciate ligament.

On Saturday, Hawaii rallied from 23-7 down with 20 consecutive fourth-quarter points before Warren led the Cardinal on a seven-play, 60-yard go-ahead drive. He was five for five on the drive for 58 yards and ended the night 22 for 34 for 310 yards, a touchdown and no interceptions, giving Coach Tavita Pritchard his first win as coach after being hired by Luck, Stanford's general manager.

Pritchard knows what an overlooked Stanford quarterback can accomplish. He led Stanford

Manny Navarro covers college football for The Athletic.

to a 24-23 win against Southern California as a 41-point underdog 19 years ago in his first start, throwing a fourth-down touchdown pass with 49 seconds remaining in one of the biggest upsets in college football history.

Beating Hawaii was not an upset, but the Cardinal looked better offensively with Warren than they did a year ago, when they finished 122nd in scoring (18.8 points per game).

LOSER

California Home Crowds

PRODUCTIVE DEBUT Beau Pribula, Virginia's new quarterback, ran for 110 yards and passed for 155 against North Carolina State.

Who wasn't excited about the return of college football? Virginia fans showed up in force — a crowd of 62,779 for the first home sellout in 18 years at a game that was originally scheduled for Brazil. Florida State nearly sold out its home opener against New Mexico State with 65,915 in the stands (67,277 capacity).

RYAN M. KELLY/GETTY IMAGES

The West Coast? Maybe not as excited. Southern California played San Jose State in front of a sparse crowd at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in a game that was scheduled after the Southern California-Notre Dame rivalry was not renewed for 2026.

To be fair, it was hot. Very hot.

Kickoff temperature reached 94 degrees, with a real feel of 10 degrees hotter according to AccuWeather, and the largely unshaded stadium offered the ambience of an outdoor air fryer. Southern California reported the final attendance figure as 51,144 (77,500 capacity).

WILLIAM LIANG/ASSOCIATED PRESS

What was Stanford's excuse? It was 76 degrees at kickoff up the coast for the opener against Hawaii. The announced attendance was 23,222 — about 5,000 fewer fans than the 2025 season average. Stanford Stadium's capacity is 50,424.

ETHAN MILLER/GETTY IMAGES

BREAKOUT STAR Trent Mosley, right, caught seven passes for 118 yards and a touchdown in Southern California's victory.
SIGNATURE WIN Hunter Tipton, left, and Marcus Stokes celebrated as Memphis beat Nevada-Las Vegas in a big Group of 6 game.

WINNER

COLLEGE FOOTBALL

Southern California's Freshman Class

Southern California's No. 1 recruiting class did not spend opening day waiting for the future. It made an immediate impact in a 42-26 win against San Jose State.

Thirteen of the 34 enrollees appeared on the opening two-deep depth chart, and 15 made their college debuts on offense, defense and special teams.

The Trojans started freshmen at all three receiver positions, tight end and defensive end. Trent Mosley, Kayden Dixon-Wyatt, Tron Baker and Mark Bowman — the entire starting receiver and tight end group — combined for 18 catches, 214 yards and both Southern California receiving touchdowns.

Mosley, a four-star recruit, supplied the breakout performance: seven catches for 118 yards and a touchdown, plus 56 yards on two punt returns. Baker, a three-star recruit, caught all four of his targets for 45 yards. Shahn Alston, a freshman running back, added 30 yards and a touchdown.

Defensive end Luke Wafle contributed two tackles, half a tackle for loss and a pass break-up. He also put some heat on the quarterback. Elbert Hill IV, Talanoa Ili and Madden Riordan made two tackles apiece.

The freshmen did not merely occupy jobs; they justified them and some of the hype.

WINNER

Miami's 2027 Recruiting Class

Mario Cristobal's team will begin its season Friday night at Stanford, but a huge star in the Hurricanes' 2027 recruiting class was on display for a nationwide audience on Saturday.

A'mir Sears reclassified from 2028 to 2027 because he believed he was ready to accelerate his path to Miami.

With Cristobal and the Hurricanes great Michael Irvin in attendance, Sears intercepted three passes and caught two touchdowns as Miami Columbus High School stunned No. 1 Bishop Gorman, 33-28, on ESPN.

Sears has resisted comparisons to Travis Hunter, saying he wants to create his own legacy. But intercepting three passes and scoring twice against the nation's top-ranked team will not make those comparisons disappear.

WINNER

The Local Walk-on

Belichick won a huge game, and an unlikely player played a huge role in it. North Carolina rebuilt its defensive line with transfers from Penn State, Delaware, Richmond and Florida. Its opening-day star, though, was an unranked walk-on from Raleigh, N.C.

Xavier Lewis entered Saturday with no career starts, 167 defensive snaps, eight tackles and half a sack as a freshman. In his first start, the 6-foot, 260-pound sophomore racked up seven tackles, 4.5 tackles for loss, two sacks and a quarterback hurry in North Carolina's 15-10 upset of Texas Christian. The Tar Heels had six tackles for loss and three sacks as a team.

Lewis played defensive end, defensive tackle, tight end and running back at Rolesville (N.C.) High School and helped lead his team to the state championship game. In the portal-and-N.I.L. era, North Carolina's biggest opening-day revelation was a local walk-on who simply stepped up.

LOSER

The Celebration Police

College football entered 2026 with a more sensible penalty system. Offensive pass interference was reduced from 15 yards to 10, while targeting suspensions now escalate only for repeat offenders or egregious hits.

Those are sensible changes. But I'm not a fan of all the changes.

Texas Christian running back Jeremy Payne gained 7 yards for a first down during the third

quarter of a 15-10 loss to North Carolina, appeared to briefly swipe under his nose and then pointed downfield, a traditional first-down gesture. He received a 15-yard unsportsmanlike conduct penalty for it.

Instead of crossing midfield, Texas Christian went backward. Two plays later, quarterback Jaden Craig was sacked and fumbled. North Carolina turned the mistake into a field goal that extended its lead to 5.

I wasn't a fan of the call. Payne did not taunt the opponent or perform any of the more serious hand signals — including gun gestures or throat slashes — that are also supposed to trigger automatic penalties. But his brief motion toward his nose still earned him a costly penalty.

The N.C.A.A. deserves credit for making punishments more proportional. But rewriting the rulebook accomplishes only so much if ordinary football emotion can still be treated like an act of hostility. There must be room between taunting someone and briefly enjoying a first down. Payne's penalty made no sense.

WINNER

Charles Huff's Moving Company

It is far too early to declare Memphis the Group of 6's College Football Playoff favorite, but the Tigers own a result the selection committee may remember

come December.

Memphis's 27-21 win at Nevada-Las Vegas gave the American an important victory over a program that reached three consecutive Mountain West championship games. An even larger opportunity awaits Sept. 12: a trip to Boise State, one of the rebuilt Pac-12's leading contenders. Win there, and Memphis would own road wins over prominent teams from the two conferences most likely to challenge the American for the guaranteed berth.

What makes Memphis's start more remarkable is how quickly Coach Charles Huff constructed this roster. The Tigers added 81 newcomers — 61 transfers and 20 freshmen — while returning only four starters from the new Arkansas coach Ryan Silverfield's final 8-5 team.

Huff brought 18 players with him from Southern Mississippi, where the Eagles were 7-6 in his lone season after leaving Marshall. Nine started on Saturday, including eight on defense. The former Golden Eagles accounted for 53 tackles and four of Memphis's six sacks, while running back Jaylin Carter — among the transfers — led Memphis with 97 rushing yards and a touchdown.

It is the latest example of the portal era's strange new version of continuity. Huff changed the address on Southern Mississippi's most useful pieces, and they were ready to deliver on opening night.

ANALYSIS

In North Carolina's Opener, Belichick Sets a Different Tone for Year 2

CHARLES McQUILLAN/GETTY IMAGES
PETER MORRISON/ASSOCIATED PRESS

By DAVID UBBEN

The Athletic

After spending much of Coach Bill Belichick's first season dealing with public embarrassments, the University of North Carolina football team opened Year 2 by upsetting a team that beat the Tar Heels by 34 points a year ago.

The Tar Heels outlasted Texas Christian, 15-10, on Saturday in Dublin with a defense that repeatedly bent without breaking, two field goals, a safety and just enough offense from a journeyman quarterback, Billy Edwards Jr., and the new offensive coordinator, Bobby Petrino.

“Happy to start the season off on the right note,” said Edwards, whose 2025 season at Wisconsin — the third of his four college stops — was cut short by a knee injury. “We got a lot of stuff to clean up, but at least we can do it in the victory column.”

Texas Christian entered the first game of the season as a 9½-point favorite but gave the game away with 11 penalties for 100 yards, poor red-zone execution and failed fourth-down attempts. North Carolina lost two fumbles and outgained the Horned Frogs, 322-281, on a sloppy, wet field.

Around the time Texas Christian scored its 41st consecutive point in last year's opening game on North Carolina's home field, excitement from the start of the Belichick era had devolved into punchlines the Tar Heels never fully outran. Letting a Clemson team that finished 7-6 run up a 28-3 first-quarter lead in Chapel Hill a few weeks later did not help, either.

There is still a lot to prove, but Saturday's opener sets a very different tone for Year 2 under Belichick after another off-season of distractions, including General Manager Michael Lombardi being put on administrative leave. The schedule is more difficult this time around with games against teams like Notre Dame and Miami, but Saturday's debut showcased a base-level competency that was absent in the first month of last year's 4-8 campaign.

The defense played without its coordinator, Steve Belichick, who is on medical leave, but firmed up against Texas Christian's running game in the second half, and at times the pass rush embarrassed Texas Christian's

Coach Bill Belichick, near left, relied on Billy Edwards Jr., far left, to lead the Tar Heels to a season-opening win against Texas Christian in Ireland.

offensive line.

The offense was not explosive, and struggled in the red zone, but it was able to rack up 19 first downs and to move the ball more often than it didn't. The Tar Heels also committed just four penalties for 25 yards, outperforming a mistake-prone Texas Christian team on the rain-soaked field.

Beating Texas Christian does not make a season, but this time North Carolina did not start by setting fire to an off-season of anticipation. Instead, the Tar Heels offered reasons for optimism after an off-season largely devoid of them.

College football will return to Ireland next year with Pittsburgh versus Wisconsin on Aug. 27.

ENES KANTER FREEDOM The former N.B.A. player clumsily inserted himself into the transgender sports debate.
MICHAEL REAVES/GETTY IMAGES

SOPHIE CUNNIGHAM AND CAITLIN CLARK Clark, right, has been criticized for not backing her teammate's trans position.

LM OTERO/ASSOCIATED PRESS
SUE BIRD One of the W.N.B.A.'s greats said that she hoped that Clark would "get better" at speaking about important issues.
LINDSEY WASSON/ASSOCIATED PRESS

The Changing Face Of Athlete Activism Lost Its Compass

COMMENTARY

From Page D1

In the moment, most of society was not ready to listen to Kaepernick. Ten years later, it's fitting that the sports world is applying lessons that the Kaepernick example did not even teach. The quarterback lost his career because, as he once said, "It would be selfish on my part to look the other way." The sentiment has morphed into an "I'm going to use my platform" slogan, words that strip away the part that made Kaepernick's actions so bold.

Because he refused to look the other way, he was willing to lose his football career. His protest, in which he took a knee instead of sitting down because the former Green Beret and N.F.L. player Nate Boyer suggested it was more respectful, spawned a strange era of noise and empty messaging and approved group-project athlete activism to signal virtue during divisive and hateful times. And when the clouds clear, people moonwalk their social-justice gestures. And every time the clouds return, it becomes clearer that empathy continues to suffer from retrenchment.

Then the attention economy takes over, unleashing too many athletes who speak freely to better themselves rather than a select few who speak bravely to better society. The latter do so with appropriate fear for the cost of raising their voices. The former see only the benefits of enhancing their relevance.

In modern athlete activism, Kaepernick stands alone. He is far from beloved, but his stance is aging well. The prominent athletes of the past 10 years have mishandled what they should have treated as a precious legacy. With their conceit, the clout chasers have turned his courage into a template without asking what made the original worth copying. They have used their platforms to become fluent in the language of audacity, but when it comes to action, they are nearly illiterate.

'It's About Caring'

Earlier this year, I asked the former Chicago Bulls guard Craig Hodges whether he wishes more athletes would speak out against injustice. His answer made me think harder.

"It depends whether you were raised right," said Hodges, who was 31 when he played his last N.B.A. game in 1992, losing his career partly because of his activism. "When John Carlos and Tommie Smith raised their fists, the position they took was from the heart. If you're speaking truth to power, go ahead, I'll be sitting back, eating my popcorn, watching like a movie. But if you're magnifying yourself instead of the issues? Not interested. It doesn't matter if you happen to bring a little attention to the cause if you're getting in the way of the cause."

Our call dropped. Two minutes later, he called back and spoke as if he had not been interrupted.

“You have to think about the freedom and magnitude of wealth that today’s athlete has,” Hodges said. “It’s capitalism versus people, man. Is it their responsibility to care? From an individual standpoint, no. Do they have a greater opportunity than most to try to change the world? Yes. But it can’t be something that they think they should do. It’s not a career achievement. It’s about caring about people, man.”

Activism is different from speech. Kaepernick jolted the sports world from a state of indifference. What he actually did was narrow and specific. He was a lone wolf with a clear concern and a plan from which he would not deviate. He demonstrated before every game during a two-minute patriotic window, and he was willing to risk it all to pull attention to his cause. But over the following years, many extracted the wrong takeaway: "Look at the value of my platform!"

LeBron James, the most powerful icon of his generation, took that lesson further than anyone, and he has done plenty of good things. He created More Than a Vote in 2020. He helped fund a school for at-risk youth in Akron, Ohio, his hometown. He has criticized President Trump often. But for as wide as he spreads his influence, LeBron practices selective humanitarianism when problems collide with his business interests.

When asked about a tweet from Daryl Morey, a former N.B.A. general manager, that supported Hong Kong protesters in 2019, LeBron said Morey was “either misinformed or not really educated on the situation,” a remark that did not go over well when his domestic social concern was contrasted with his ambivalence toward China because he plays in a league that generates billions in Chinese television revenue. He used his platform when it was safe and profitable and turned quiet when it complicated his money.

Feasting on Neutrality

Even when taking a stand, James is shrewd, waiting for the moment when public sentiment either favors him or is less likely to inflict lasting damage. That is not hypocrisy as much as it is careful navigation of the zeitgeist. Freedom of speech is never free, even if you are using it in good faith.

Few illustrate the current bind better than the W.N.B.A. superstar Caitlin Clark. She wants no part of it. Sue Bird, who was active in social justice causes as a leader of the players' union, has said that Clark will "get better" at speaking about important issues, which frames the silence as a kind of shyness that can be outgrown. That's a progressive view of this demand to feed the machine. It's a charge to use the platform or be seen as failing some obligation attached to fame.

The conservative view is almost the inverse. Sophie Cunningham, Clark's Indiana Fever teammate, ignited a fire last month that continues to rage when she told ESPN that she favors keeping transgender athletes out of women's sports.

that love is truth, being honest," Cunningham said in an ESPN.com feature story that profiled her full personality but was reduced to a single take.

"I think that I am here to extend love. But I also think with

Of course, reporters immediately turned to Clark for her position. She demurred, declaring it was for “the leagues and gov-

MARIO TAMA/GETTY IMAGES

erning bodies to work with their athletes to find solutions." The pundits feasted on her neutrality, most venomously Megyn Kelly, who called her a coward. It must have been a dizzying experience for Clark. Commentators hungry for superstar validation of their culture war were calling her silence a moral failure, and some of them were the same people who, in previous news cycles, had insisted that athletes needed to shut up.

TOMMIE SMITH AND JOHN CARLOS The Olympians risked all in 1968 when they raised their fists.
POOL PHOTO BY KEVIN C. COX
ASSOCIATED PRESS
LEBRON JAMES His humanitarianism was called into question when he expressed ambivalence toward China, a country that generates billions in revenue for the N.B.A.

That whiplash illuminates the messy conversation now. At the intersection of sports and society, it used to be up to the athlete to hit the gas. Now, everyone else is honking for them to move in their direction. The “platform” isn’t about whether an athlete has convictions. It’s about whether an athlete can be weaponized.

That is how grifters create value. That is how Enes Kanter Freedom and Royce White, two former N.B.A. players insinuating themselves clumsily into the transgender sports debate, find an audience. And that is what has changed the most over the past 10 years. Sport is full of bad actors expediting the death of discourse with repulsive antics. Every issue devolves into a struggle to maintain decency. The conversation is too noisy to be fruitful. Whether fighting it or fueling it, the rage makes addicts of us all.

And then there is Aaron Rodgers. He complicates this story further as a celebrity who never stops taking stances. The unfortunate part is that they aren't really stances. He is just trying to settle his grievances through fatigue and attrition.

His vaccine dispute has now lasted for five years, reaching its latest chapter recently when he went on ESPN and called Dr. Anthony Fauci “an absolute coward” and, later, “an absolute criminal” on “The Pat McAfee Show.” He was ripping Fauci for repeatedly pleading the Fifth before Congress when discussing his handling of the Covid-19 pandemic. Rodgers talks about it all in principle: bodily autonomy, skepticism about institutional authority. But his methods are full of the same empty sloganeering that he supposedly despises. He masks conflict as concern, and even though his act is tired, he keeps finding a stage.

The question to ponder in sports today is whether speech functions as an act with a cost or as a renewable resource for an audience happy to waste time on slop. Kaepernick took an action for one season, and it cost him his career. Rodgers has spent a half-decade relitigating an anti-vaccine stance that costs him nothing and earns him a monologue on McAfee's show whenever he decides to take a shot.

There is more noise than ever on these platforms, yet it is hard to hear what anyone is saying. No, that's not a call to shut up and dribble. But perhaps we can see the value now in taking a knee.

The attention economy does not reward conviction or its absence. It rewards whatever recapitulates conflict. It will take content from anyone honest enough, or dumb enough, or corrosive enough, to keep supplying it.

Saying Nothing

So when athletes give a non-answer, it may not be because they lack Kaepernick's courage. It may be because the sincere version of speaking up has been engineered out of the available options, leaving performance — or careful silence — as close to the only remaining moves.

Where do we go from here? I'm not going to pretend to know. But a decade after Kaepernick took a knee, he still stands taller than his peers.

The problem is bigger than the athletes, too. Leagues and sponsors have spent the past several years learning exactly how much activism they can tolerate without losing revenue. The answer keeps getting smaller. The 2020 post-George Floyd apex — end-zone messaging, league-sanctioned campaigns, corporate solidarity statements — has been triaged since. Sponsors have retreated. Diversity programs have been dismantled.

The things that have survived are the cheapest, safest, most generic gestures: a moment of silence, a social post timed to a news cycle. Consider it the “It Takes All Of Us”-ization of sports. Say something, but say nothing. The costly, targeted version of activism has far less room to exist now than it did even three years ago.

PAT McAFEE SHOW/ZUMA PRESS WIRE/CAL SPORT MEDIA, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
AARON RODGERS "The Pat McAfee Show" has given the quarterback a platform to relitigate all of his anti-vaccine stances.

KYRIE IRVING Protestors rallied at Brooklyn's Barclays Center in 2021 in support of a player who refused the Covid-19 vaccine.
JOHN MINCHILLO/ASSOCIATED PRESS

CYCLING

Pogacar Leaves Vuelta a España After Sustaining Multiple Injuries in Crash

By CHRIS MARSHALL-BELL

The Athletic

The cyclist Tadej Pogacar of Slovenia has exited the Vuelta a España after crashing on Stage 8 of the race, sustaining a concussion, a displaced left clavicle fracture, a stable C7 cervical fracture and multiple abrasions.

Pogacar, the U.A.E. Team Emirates-XRG rider who had won three of the first seven stages and who had an overall lead of 3 minutes 50 seconds over Movistar's Enric Mas, crashed with 20 miles remaining in the stage.

He was positioned about 20th in the peloton on Saturday when he went down, the crash occurring just moments after the intermediate sprint in Simat de la Valldigna, Spain.

It appears from video that he tried to avoid a stone that was in the road, causing him to crash. Ben Tulett of Visma-Lease a Bike, as well as the Netcompany-Ineos pair Oscar Onley and Carlos Rod-

Chris Marshall-Bell, a freelance journalist and podcaster specializing in cycling and investigations, wrote this article for The Athletic.

riguez, were also caught up in the incident, but appeared unhurt.

It was the first time Pogacar, 27, abandoned a race since he broke his wrist at the 2023 edition of Liège-Bastogne-Liège, a one-day race in Belgium.

Joxean Fernández Matxin, the sports manager of U.A.E., said: "It's a crash that can happen in cycling unfortunately. At the beginning, he wanted to continue, but we saw that he had pain in his shoulder. We decided he couldn't continue. All he said was, 'Only pain, only pain.' In a situation like that, you have to make a decision."

The reason the crash is shocking, beyond ending Pogacar's Vuelta and possibly his 2026 season, is that he has sidestepped injury so often. In the past four years, he has crashed, or narrowly saved himself from doing so, several times.

There was the famous incident with him and his eternal Tour de France rival, Jonas Vingegaard, on the descent of the Col de Spandelles in 2022; tumbles at the 2024 Giro d'Italia, and Strade Bianche, Paris-Roubaix and the Tour last year, before another one at the Milan-Sanremo in March; and there have been other near-misses at the Tour and Giro. Just days before this Vuelta abandonment, he skidded off-road on a tight, tricky descent.

It was the first time Tadej Pogacar, 27, abandoned a race since he broke his wrist in 2023's Liège-Bastogne-Liège in Belgium.
JOSE JORDAN/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES

Positioning is a key to Pogacar's usual evasion and dodging of race-ending falls. "He gets in less sticky situations because he's always at the front, and there's so much more clear air there," said George Bennett, a teammate at U.A.E. from 2022 to 2023.

And usually when he does crash, unlike on Saturday, he almost always chooses the perfect landing strip, one that prevents him from tumbling down a bank, landing in a ditch or otherwise getting into harm's way. That is expert bike-handling, a technique and intuition honed through years of practice.

"It's the reality of cycling — it gives you the good and the bad," Matxin said. "Now we have to be with the rest of the riders and with Tadej. Above all, we hope he recovers fast, it's nothing serious, and that he can recover quickly. We have to support him and be with him in these bad moments.

"It gives motivation to the rest of the team. He's given us so many victories, and I hope the team can now give him a lot of victories."

The next race Pogacar is scheduled to race is the world championships in late September in Montreal. Will Pogacar, the reign-

In a video, it appeared he was trying to avoid a stone in the road.

ing world champion, be able to compete for his third successive rainbow jersey?

“We’re going to see what the doctor says, and we’ll make decisions and conclusions after his report,” Matxin said on Saturday.

After listing Pogacar's injuries in a statement Saturday, U.A.E.'s medical director, Adrian Rotunno, said there were no other major injuries and no neurological fallout. Pogacar will require clavicle surgery, which will be delayed because of concussion precautions.

Weather Report

Metropolitan Forecast

TODAY

High 80. Conditions will be humid, and there will be a mixture of clouds and sunshine with a passing shower or two in the afternoon. Winds will be light and variable.

TONIGHT ......Humid with a shower Low 70. It will remain humid with a mostly cloudy sky. There will be showers in the area. Winds will remain light and variable.

TOMORROW ......Afternoon thunderstorms High 84. There will be variable cloudiness with thunderstorms around in the afternoon. Any thunderstorm will be capable of producing flash flooding and damaging wind gusts.

WEDNESDAY .....Humid with thunderstorms High 83. It will be rather cloudy and humid with thunderstorms. Any thunderstorm will be capable of producing flash flooding and damaging wind gusts.

THURSDAY

FRIDAY ......Thunderstorms Thursday There will be more clouds than sun on Thursday with thunderstorms. High 85. Friday will feature a mixture of clouds and sunshine with a couple of afternoon showers. High 80.

Highlight: Storm to Arrive in the Northwest

From late Tuesday through Thursday, a storm will advance into areas of Washington and Oregon, producing rain and showers across the Northwest region. While the rain may prove beneficial for areas facing levels of drought, there could be flooding associated with this storm. Temperatures across Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Northern California, northern Nevada and western Montana could trend cooler than recent days as this storm evolves inland.

Meteorology by AccuWeather

National Forecast

Thunderstorms will pop up from Nebraska through New York today, mainly in the afternoon. Any thunderstorms that continue into the night across Iowa, Minnesota and Wisconsin will be capable of producing locally damaging wind gusts.

In Central Park, for the 13 hours ended at 1 p.m. yesterday.

N.Y.C. region	Yesterday	Today	Tomorrow
New York City	76/ 67 0	80/ 71 Sh	85/ 72 T
Bridgeport	79/ 59 0	78/ 70 Sh	79/ 71 T
Caldwell	75/ 59 0.02	79/ 69 Sh	86/ 71 T
Danbury	76/ 55 Tr	77/ 69 Sh	82/ 69 T
Islip	79/ 59 0	79/ 70 Sh	83/ 71 T
Newark	77/ 63 0.03	80/ 71 Sh	87/ 74 T
Trenton	78/ 56 Tr	81/ 68 Sh	89/ 70 T
White Plains	77/ 60 Tr	77/ 68 Sh	82/ 70 T

Precipitation (in inches)

High pressure spanning the Ohio Valley will promote excessive heat and humidity from Texas to the mid-Atlantic, although pop-up thunderstorms in the Southeast may limit temperatures somewhat during the afternoon.

Cities

C......Clouds	S......Sun
F......Fog	Sn......Snow
H......Haze	SS......Snow showers
I......Ice	T......Thunderstorms
PC......Partly cloudy	Tr......Trace
R......Rain	W......Windy
Sh......Showers	-......Not available

On the other side of the nation, thunderstorms across the Rockies may bring damaging wind gusts and flash flooding. Dry and breezy conditions will result in an elevated fire risk in Nevada, Northern California and Oregon while storms will begin to move into the Northwest at night, spreading rain across the region.

United States	Yesterday		Today		Tomorrow
Albany	78/60	0.02	79/67	T	79/67	T
Albuquerque	93/67	0	92/67	T	90/67	T
Anchorage	59/47	0.08	57/42	PC	59/43	S
Atlanta	90/74	0	92/74	T	96/74	S
Atlantic City	82/73	0.02	81/74	Sh	87/76	C
Austin	99/75	0	98/74	S	100/76	S
Baltimore	89/71	0.03	90/72	S	98/74	PC
Baton Rouge	92/75	0.04	90/75	T	92/73	T
Birmingham	93/74	0	93/73	PC	96/74	PC
Boise	76/53	0	89/66	S	85/59	PC
Boston	86/66	0	75/66	S	72/64	T
Buffalo	70/63	0.23	76/70	Sh	82/69	T
Burlington	71/56	0.06	78/60	PC	73/65	R
Casper	81/52	0	85/59	T	82/58	S
Charlotte	90/70	0.04	94/73	PC	96/74	S
Chattanooga	93/73	0	95/73	S	97/73	S
Chicago	87/73	0.14	90/73	PC	91/75	T
Cincinnati	91/70	0	93/71	S	94/71	S
Cleveland	78/68	0.19	85/73	PC	87/74	PC
Colorado Springs	89/61	0.04	81/58	T	84/60	T
Columbus	88/70	Tr	90/71	C	93/71	PC
Concord, N.H.	82/55	0.01	83/59	S	68/59	R
Dallas-Ft. Worth	101/80	0	101/80	S	99/80	S
Denver	89/62	0.05	85/60	T	84/61	S
Des Moines	89/75	0.36	91/73	T	95/73	PC
Detroit	78/69	0.26	86/72	C	88/72	T
El Paso	102/76	0	99/76	S	99/76	PC
Fargo	80/62	0.10	86/56	S	85/60	PC
Hartford	84/61	0.05	82/67	Sh	78/64	T
Honolulu	89/77	0.07	89/76	Sh	89/77	PC
Houston	98/76	0.04	96/78	PC	87/77	T
Indianapolis	87/69	0.02	92/71	PC	95/73	S
Jackson	95/72	0	95/74	PC	96/75	T
Jacksonville	89/74	0.15	86/74	T	88/75	T
Kansas City	97/76	0	99/74	T	101/78	S
Key West	89/83	0.42	90/83	R	90/82	T
Las Vegas	102/81	0	99/76	S	98/78	S
Lexington	92/70	0	93/72	S	95/73	S*

High/low temperatures for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday, Eastern time, and precipitation (in inches) for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday. Expected conditions for today and tomorrow.

Africa	Yesterday
Algiers	93/ 72 0
Cairo	95/ 72 0
Cape Town	63/ 49 0
Dakar	88/ 81 0
Johannesburg	72/ 45 0
Nairobi	80/ 50 0
Tunis	100/ 80 0

Little Rock	98/72 0
Los Angeles	89/70 0
Louisville	95/73 0
Memphis	98/78 0
Miami	91/80 0.20
Milwaukee	86/73 0.04
Mpls.-St. Paul	87/73 0.04
Nashville	95/72 0
New Orleans	87/78 0.06
Norfolk	86/73 0
Oklahoma City	102/73 0
Omaha	94/75 0.04
Orlando	91/76 0.82
Philadelphia	86/72 0.08
Phoenix	104/79 0.15
Pittsburgh	86/67 Tr
Portland, Me.	79/57 0.05
Portland, Ore.	74/55 0
Providence	85/64 0.02
Raleigh	89/70 0.04
Reno	86/57 0
Richmond	89/70 Tr
Rochester	72/61 0.14
Sacramento	89/56 0
Salt Lake City	77/61 0.04
San Antonio	99/79 0
San Diego	82/70 0
San Francisco	69/58 0
San Jose	78/57 0
San Juan	88/78 0.93
Seattle	69/54 0
Sioux Falls	94/69 0
Spokane	71/48 0
St. Louis	95/72 0
St. Thomas	88/81 1.03
Syracuse	75/62 0.09
Tampa	91/76 0.52
Toledo	81/68 0.23
Tucson	97/74 0.23
Tulsa	103/79 0
Virginia Beach	84/72 0
Washington	90/75 0.02
Wichita	105/75 0
Wilmington, Del.	85/70 0.02

98/76 S	96/76 S
87/66 P	84/64 S
95/75 S	96/77 S
97/79 S	96/79 P
91/79 T	92/81 T
90/74 T	86/72 T
89/68 PC	87/70 PC
95/73 S	96/76 PC
86/78 T	89/77 T
92/75 S	94/76 PC
101/73 S	100/74 S
92/71 T	95/73 PC
89/76 T	88/76 T
84/73 PC	92/75 PC
95/80 T	103/85 T
85/72 PC	90/72 T
76/59 S	68/59 R
84/60 PC	75/59 PC
79/66 Sh	74/64 T
94/74 PC	97/75 PC
87/58 S	79/51 S
94/74 PC	96/74 S
74/68 T	81/68 T
81/57 S	76/55 PC
83/63 T	85/67 T
99/78 S	100/76 S
81/69 PC	80/68 S
70/60 PC	71/57 Sh
73/60 PC	74/59 PC
88/79 R	91/79 R
76/65 PC	94/57 PC
90/63 PC	87/66 T
80/66 PC	85/54 PC
99/76 PC	101/79 PC
88/82 R	91/81 Sh
77/68 T	81/68 T
91/77 T	90/79 T
88/72 PC	91/71 PC
89/71 T	94/72 T
102/78 S	102/78 S
88/75 S	91/77 PC
92/76 S	96/79 S
104/75 S	102/74 S
85/70 PC	92/73 PC

Today	Tomorrow
91/ 76 PC	91/ 75 C
93/ 76 PC	95/ 76 PC
64/ 46 S	67/ 50 C
90/ 82 T	90/ 81 PC
74/ 50 PC	78/ 51 PC
75/ 56 C	77/ 58 PC
98/ 78 PC	97/ 75 PC

Metropolitan Almanac

Asia/Pacific	Yesterday			Today			Tomorrow
Baghdad	111/87	0		102/79 PC			105/80 S
Bangkok	93/79	0.22		88/80 Sh			93/81 T
Beijing	92/62	0		87/63 S			86/61 S
Damascus	86/70	0		93/67 S			96/67 S
Hong Kong	88/81	0.98		87/79 Sh			88/79 R
Jakarta	92/77	0		93/77 T			93/78 T
Jerusalem	81/69	0		84/67 S			87/69 S
Karachi	86/79	0		88/78 W			88/78 PC
Manila	84/77	0.25		90/80 R			91/80 R
Mumbai	88/82 Tr			89/81 R			87/80 R

Yesterday	0.00
Record	1.87
For the last 30 days
Actual	8.49
Normal	4.43
For the last 365 days
Actual	43.51
Normal	49.52

Air pressure	Humidity
High ...... 30.23 2 a.m.	High ...... 67% 2 a.m.
Low ...... 30.18 noon	Low ...... 54% 1 a.m.

Cooling Degree Days

New Delhi	95/83	0.04	95/81 PC	92/78 R
Riyadh	115/83	0	113/87 S	111/84 S
Seoul	84/73	0.02	75/72 Sh	82/73 Sh
Shanghai	91/81	0.27	92/79 R	88/79 Sh
Singapore	90/80	0.13	91/81 T	92/81 Sh
Sydney	75/49	0	71/52 PC	81/62 S
Taipei City	92/79	0.34	93/80 T	88/78 Sh
Tehran	99/79	0	100/73 PC	96/70 PC
Tokyo	77/70	0.13	86/76 C	89/77 PC

Europe	Yesterday			Today			Tomorrow
Amsterdam	70/	64	1.18	67/	58	Sh	69/	57	PC
Athens	91/	73	0	92/	75	S	94/	77	S
Berlin	81/	64	0	79/	58	T	73/	54	PC
Brussels	72/	63	0.01	70/	57	Sh	70/	55	PC
Budapest	88/	55	0	92/	65	S	84/	57	S
Copenhagen	66/	61	0.47	66/	56	Sh	68/	57	Sh
Dublin	66/	55	0.14	64/	54	PC	68/	58	Sh
Edinburgh	63/	55	0.54	67/	53	PC	65/	53	Sh
Frankfurt	81/	66	0	73/	55	Sh	75/	53	PC
Geneva	84/	59	0	80/	52	S	80/	55	Sh
Helsinki	68/	59	0.14	67/	55	Sh	67/	52	Sh
Istanbul	82/	68	0	85/	70	S	86/	70	S
Kyiv	81/	64	0.20	83/	64	T	82/	57	PC
Lisbon	81/	68	0	80/	64	S	79/	63	S
London	73/	61	0	72/	53	PC	73/	57	PC
Madrid	91/	57	0	94/	63	S	96/	61	S
Moscow	72/	50	0.07	73/	57	PC	77/	60	C
Nice	84/	70	0	84/	70	S	84/	72	S
Oslo	66/	57	0.14	70/	54	C	68/	53	Sh
Paris	77/	61	0	75/	57	R	74/	55	PC
Prague	79/	61	0	77/	55	S	73/	53	PC
Rome	93/	75	0	91/	67	S	91/	66	S
St. Petersburg	64/	59	0.10	71/	58	Sh	71/	59	Sh
Stockholm	66/	55	0.02	67/	52	PC	68/	53	PC
Vienna	88/	59	0	83/	62	Sh	81/	58	R
Warsaw	79/	52	0	78/	59	Sh	70/	56	T

An index of fuel consumption that tracks how far the day's mean temperature rose above 65
Yesterday	7
So far this month	332
So far this season (since January 1)	1092
Normal to date for the season	1038

North America	Yesterday		Today		Tomorrow
Acapulco	88/ 78	0.05	89/ 78 T		91/ 79 PC
Bermuda	88/ 82	0.04	87/ 79 PC		87/ 80 S
Edmonton	59/ 50	0.01	71/ 46 S		79/ 49 PC
Guadalajara	74/ 62	0.14	81/ 60 T		81/ 61 T
Havana	90/ 74	0	93/ 73 R		92/ 73 T
Kingston	90/ 81	0	94/ 81 T		93/ 81 T
Martinique	91/ 79	0.10	91/ 78 T		92/ 76 R
Mexico City	70/ 55	0	76/ 57 Sh		74/ 58 R
Monterrey	86/ 70	0	94/ 71 PC		95/ 71 PC
Montreal	72/ 63	0.09	75/ 59 S		71/ 63 R
Nassau	88/ 77	0.05	91/ 80 T		90/ 82 T
Panama City	86/ 75	0.01	86/ 76 R		88/ 75 R
Quebec City	73/ 54	0.09	72/ 51 S		71/ 56 Sh
Santo Domingo	86/ 76	0.04	89/ 76 R		89/ 75 R
Toronto	70/ 66	0.14	73/ 68 Sh		84/ 70 T
Vancouver	61/ 57	0.03	70/ 56 C		71/ 57 PC
Winnipeg	81/ 63 Tr		79/ 54 W		77/ 57 S

South America	Yesterday	Today	Tomorrow
Buenos Aires	61/ 55 0	64/ 51 S	62/ 53 PC
Caracas	90/ 78 0.04	92/ 78 R	92/ 77 R
Lima	76/ 67 0	75/ 70 PC	77/ 68 PC
Quito	64/ 50 0	68/ 44 R	70/ 46 PC
Recife	82/ 79 0	85/ 79 S	86/ 79 S
Rio de Janeiro	82/ 73 0	81/ 74 PC	80/ 68 R
Santiago	64/ 43 0	69/ 43 PC	70/ 46 PC

Avg. daily departure from normal this month...... -0.4°

Avg. daily departure from normal this year...... -0.3°

Reservoir levels (New York City water supply)

Yesterday	89%
Est. normal	85%

Recreational Forecast

Sun, Moon and Planets

Last Quarter	New	First Quarter	Full
Sep. 4	Sep. 10	Sep. 18	Sep. 26
11:26 p.m.

Sun	RISE	6:22 a.m.	Moon	S	10:03 a.m.
	SET	7:30 p.m.		R	8:55 p.m.
	NEXT R	6:23 a.m.		S	11:15 a.m.
Jupiter	R	4:16 a.m.	Mars	R	1:43 a.m.
	S	6:27 p.m.		S	4:45 p.m.
Saturn	S	9:25 a.m.	Venus	R	10:15 a.m.
	R	8:59 p.m.		S	8:57 p.m.

Boating

From Montauk Point to Sandy Hook, N.J., out to 20 nautical miles, including Long Island Sound and New York Harbor.

Winds will be from the northeast at around 5 knots. Waves will be 1 foot or less on New York Harbor and Long Island Sound and around 2 feet on the open ocean. Visibility will be restricted in showers.

High Tides

Atlantic City	10:05 a.m.	10:24 p.m.
Barnegat Inlet	10:19 a.m.	10:40 p.m.
The Battery	10:43 a.m.	11:03 p.m.
Beach Haven	11:42 a.m.	---
Bridgeport	1:43 a.m.	2:01 p.m.
City Island	1:29 a.m.	1:46 p.m.
Fire Island Lt.	11:10 a.m.	11:30 p.m.
Montauk Point	11:51 a.m.	---
Northport	1:47 a.m.	2:06 p.m.
Port Washington	1:38 a.m.	1:57 p.m.
Sandy Hook	10:24 a.m.	10:44 p.m.
Shinnecock Inlet	10:22 a.m.	10:40 p.m.
Stamford	1:46 a.m.	2:04 p.m.
Tarrytown	12:09 a.m.	12:32 p.m.
Willets Point	1:31 a.m.	1:47 p.m.

Trends		Temperature		Precipitation
		Average		Average
		Below	Above	Below	Above
Last	10 days
	30 days
	90 days
	365 days

Chart shows how recent temperature and precipitation trends compare with those of the last 30 years.

Beach and Ocean Temperatures

Most of the area will remain dry with a partly sunny sky today, though there will be a mixture of clouds and sunshine with a stray shower from Rhode Island through Maryland. It will be rather humid from Connecticut on south. High temperatures will be in the mid-70s to the upper 80s.

QA Report - The New York Times - 31.08.2026.pdf

Pipeline

• Extraction route: mineru-vlm
• extraction_route=mineru-vlm
• Translation chunks: 182
• Extraction warnings:
• [MinerU-Adaptive] Ghostscript optimized PDF: 33.3MB (-60.7%)
• [MINERU-VLM] Successfully extracted via MinerU VLM (batch: c8cb5324-386a-44ed-a071-715043e7a8ed)

Non-model Checks

• WARNING: missing numeric tokens from source: 1015, 1019, 11.2, 1103, 17.1, 1851, 1896, 20000000, 635.70, 715.00
• WARNING: Missing proper nouns in translation: About Caring, Administrative Office, Affordable Care Act, Afghan National Army, Afghans Who Aided, Africa

By, Africa Tell, After Indiana, After Inflation Pledge, After Kabul - WARNING: source dates, money, or percentage tokens may be missing

Model QA

经过严格审核，以下为发现的问题及建议：

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1. 幻觉核查结果

问题1：译文中出现的 "Two Not Touch（两星不触）" 图片标题及描述

• 核查步骤： 1. 标题索引：未找到匹配标题或摘要。 2. 抽样原文：在 STRATIFIED TEXT SAMPLES 或 SOURCE PREVIEW 中未发现相关关键词（如 "Two Not Touch"、"两星不触"）。 3. 图片描述：原文中仅提及 ![](images/1fd9f89...) 等图片链接，未附带任何中文或英文描述。
• 结论：该内容纯属幻觉，原文无对应信息。
• 严重级别：[BLOCKING]
• 理由：无中生有的内容严重误导读者，属于致命翻译错误。

---

问题2：译文中 "休闲预报" 部分的表格内容（如 < / td><> 等残留HTML标签）

• 核查步骤： 1. 标题索引：匹配到 # The New York Times 下的 Recreational Forecast（休闲预报）。 2. 抽样原文：在 STRATIFIED TEXT SAMPLES 中发现原文存在大量HTML标签残留（如 < / td><>、< / ><>），且中文占比低（20%）。
• 结论：
• HTML标签残留：属于[SOURCE_OCR]问题，非翻译错误（OCR识别时未正确解析表格结构）。
• 翻译缺失：部分表格内容（如 Trends、Boating）未翻译，但根据第三步审核重点，此类休闲预报内容属于"系统主动过滤的非新闻版面"，不需报告为漏译。
• 严重级别：[SOURCE_OCR]（仅针对HTML标签残留）

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2. 数字准确性问题

问题3：译文中 "190亿美元" 与 "170亿美元" 的和解金额

• 核查步骤： 1. 标题索引：匹配到 # How 47 States Cornered Meta On Teen Safety。 2. 抽样原文：原文描述为： > "Meta would pay up to $19 billion to the states and make changes to its platforms to improve teen safety. Part of the money would be held back unless all states joined and other social media companies settled too." > "47 states [...] agreed to a settlement worth about $17 billion." 3. 译文： > "Meta 将向各州支付最高 190 亿美元，并对其平台进行更改以提高青少年安全性。部分款项将被扣留，除非所有州都加入且其他社交媒体公司也达成和解。" > "47 个州 [...] 同意了一项价值约 170 亿美元的和解协议。"
• 结论：
• 190亿美元是Meta的最高报价，而170亿美元是最终实际和解金额，译文未明确区分，容易误导读者认为金额前后矛盾。
• 建议修改： > "Meta 提出最高可支付 190 亿美元 以和解，但最终各州同意的和解金额约为 170 亿美元。"
• 严重级别：[WARNING]
• 理由：数字准确但表述不清晰，影响理解。

---

问题4：译文中 "2023." 缺少具体日期

• 核查步骤： 1. 原文：state lawmakers banned gender-affirming care for minors in Texas in 2023. 2. 译文：德州州议员在2023.禁止在德州为未成年人提供性别肯定医疗。
• 结论：
• 2023. 后缺少具体月份/日期（如 "2023年6月"），属于[WARNING]级别。
• 建议：补充具体时间（如原文有具体日期则补全，否则保留年份）。

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3. 术语准确性问题

问题5："judge shopping" 翻译为 "挑选法官"

• 核查步骤： 1. 原文："judge shopping" — filing their case in a particular courthouse and knowing to a certainty or near-certainty which judge will decide it. 2. 译文："挑选法官" —— 在特定法院提起诉讼，并能确定或近乎确定由哪位法官审理。
• 结论：
• "judge shopping" 是法律术语，指通过选择管辖法院来操纵法官分配，译为 "挑选法官" 不够专业。
• 建议修改："法官挑选策略" 或 "选择性法院起诉"。
• 严重级别：[WARNING]

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问题6："The Morning newsletter" 翻译为 "《晨报》通讯"

• 核查步骤： 1. 原文：Subscribe to The Morning newsletter at nytimes.com/themorning. 2. 译文：订阅《晨报》通讯，请访问 nytimes.com/themorning。
• 结论：
• "The Morning" 是《纽约时报》的固定栏目名称，应保留英文或翻译为 "《早间新闻》" 以保持一致性（参考其他中文媒体译法）。
• 建议修改："《纽约时报早间通讯》" 或保留英文。
• 严重级别：[WARNING]

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4. 格式与完整性问题

问题7："（接 A11 页）" 等内部标签未删除

• 核查步骤： 1. 译文多处出现 （接 A11 页）、（接 A7 页） 等报纸内部跳转标签。 2. 审核重点：明确要求删除此类标签。
• 结论：属于[BLOCKING]级别。
• 理由：内部标签严重影响阅读体验，属于致命缺陷。

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问题8："© 2026 The New York Times Company" 未翻译

• 核查步骤： 1. 原文：By ZACH MONTAGUE and MATTATHIAS SCHWARTZ © 2026 The New York Times Company 2. 译文：作者：扎克·蒙塔古（ZACH MONTAGUE）和马塔提亚斯·施瓦茨（MATTATHIAS SCHWARTZ） © 2026 纽约时报公司
• 结论：
• © 符号应翻译为 "版权所有" 或 "©"。
• 建议修改：版权所有 © 2026 纽约时报公司。
• 严重级别：[WARNING]

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5. 其他问题

问题9："Madre mía" 翻译为 "我的天"

• 核查步骤： 1. 原文："Madre mía, who would have thought we'd be sitting in a restaurant at 9 p.m.?" 2. 译文："我的天（Madre mía），谁能相信我们会在9点就坐在餐厅里吃饭？"
• 结论：
• "Madre mía" 是西班牙语感叹词，直接翻译为 "我的天" 缺乏文化准确性。
• 建议修改："我的上帝啊"（Madre mía） 或保留原文。
• 严重级别：[WARNING]

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6. 无问题项

• 数字：日期（如 "2026年8月31日"）、百分比（如 "60%"）、金额（如 "$4.00"）均准确无误。
• 完整性：核心新闻段落（如 "A U.S. Court Reliably Aids Trump's Aims"）翻译完整，无截断。
• 残留英文：正文中无大段未翻译英文（仅标题/人名保留英文属正常）。

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最终结论

1. 阻塞性问题（Blocking Issues）： - [BLOCKING] 幻觉内容（"Two Not Touch" 图片标题）。 - [BLOCKING] 内部跳转标签未删除（如 "（接 A11 页）"）。
2. 需修改但不阻塞的问题： - [WARNING] 数字表述不清（190亿 vs 170亿）。 - [WARNING] 术语翻译不准（"judge shopping"、"The Morning"）。 - [WARNING] 格式问题（© 符号、HTML标签残留）。
3. OCR源问题： - [SOURCE_OCR] 表格HTML标签残留。

建议： - 删除所有幻觉内容及内部标签。 - 修正数字表述、术语翻译及格式问题。 - 如无法修复OCR源文件，需在译文中标注 "表格内容因OCR限制未完全呈现"。

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═══ 自愈质检微创修复记录（Self-Healing Audit Trail）═══

• 成功修复分块 #3（共修复 1 处问题）